17
腁腅 腵膅腖腩膃腟腆 腭腥腲腊膍腊膀腳腢腈腊腓腡 腉膅膉腾 腼腷腪膁 腏腳膇腇膏 腑腷膒腞 膄腗腫腶 腣腷腦膐 腲腰 腛腻膈腠 腨腌 腔腇 腸腴腘腐 腬膅膆腋 腽腚膃腋 腹腷膊腎 腙腝腲腍 腨膎膐腶 腺腷膋腞 腜腱腯腤 腑腍腊腔腋腆腃 腎腅腓腐腇腌腂腒腈腉腄腏腇腌 ῌῌ 15 Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. Univ. Tokyo Vol. pp. * e-mail : [email protected] Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University Since , crustal deformation at and around the Yake-dake volcano in the Hida mountains, central Japan, has been measured by the geodetic survey with a Global Positioning System (GPS), and the temperatures of fumaroles at the Yake-Dake volcano have been measured with a radiation thermometer since . The GPS network, established at and around the Yake-dake volcano, Hida mountains, and in the Matsumoto basin, consists of five observation stations : Yake-dake, Kamiko- chi, Nakao, Kurio, and Shinshu University (Matsumoto city). The Yake-dake station is located at the Yake-dake observation platform, which is near the top of the mountain, and the Kamikochi and the Nakao stations are located at the foot of the volcano. The Kurio station is located at the middle foot of Mt. Nishihotaka-dake, and its altitude ( m, WGS ) is almost the same as that of Yake-dake station ( m). Observed data were analyzed using the broadcast ephemeris and the default meteorological values with the double di erence technique. From the present GPS measurements, it was found that, for the baseline between Yake-dake and Kurio, about . km in length in the north-south direction, the temporal change of baseline length during the twelve years from to contracted cm ( ppm), and the variation of upheaval at Yake-dake became cm during the same period, when fixed at Kurio (Nishihotaka- dake). On the other hand, for the baseline between Kamikochi and Nakao, located at the foot of the Yake-dake volcano, about . km toward the northwest-southeast direction, the temporal change of baseline length became within cm ( ppm) during the sixteen years from to . Crustal deformation at and around the Yake-dake volcano during the last sixteen years, , and temperatures of fumaroles at the Yake-dake volcano during the last fifteen years, are reported and discussed in the present study. : Yake-dake volcano, GPS, crustal movement, fumarole temperature * Yoshio Sumino*, Shouhei Umeda, Yuichirou Kikuchi, Koji Miyata, Akinori Kimoto, Junna Shibata, Akira Oishi, Yushi Sato, Keiichi Ogai, Yasuhisa Tuzuki, Tomotake Ueno, Gaku Yurimoto, Yuki Shimada, Hiroki Takayama, Kazunori Kobayashi, Yoji Shimada and Shigeki Hosokawa Abstract Key words GPS Measuring Crustal Movements with GPS and Tempera- ture of Fumaroles with Radiation Thermometer at Volcano Yake-Dake, Hida Mountains, Central Japan ( ) 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ -3* 20,+ -++ +33, +33- ,+33 2. ,+10 # -1 +330 ,**2 1 ,* - /- + , +33, ,**2 +33, ,**2 +33- ,**2 +33, ,**2 +33, ,**2

Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: [email protected] Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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Page 1: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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15

Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst.

Univ. Tokyo

Vol. pp.

* e-mail : [email protected]

Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University

Since , crustal deformation at and around the Yake-dake volcano in the Hida mountains,

central Japan, has been measured by the geodetic survey with a Global Positioning System (GPS),

and the temperatures of fumaroles at the Yake-Dake volcano have been measured with a radiation

thermometer since . The GPS network, established at and around the Yake-dake volcano, Hida

mountains, and in the Matsumoto basin, consists of five observation stations : Yake-dake, Kamiko-

chi, Nakao, Kurio, and Shinshu University (Matsumoto city). The Yake-dake station is located at the

Yake-dake observation platform, which is near the top of the mountain, and the Kamikochi and the

Nakao stations are located at the foot of the volcano. The Kurio station is located at the middle foot

of Mt. Nishihotaka-dake, and its altitude ( m, WGS ) is almost the same as that of Yake-dake

station ( m). Observed data were analyzed using the broadcast ephemeris and the default

meteorological values with the double di erence technique.

From the present GPS measurements, it was found that, for the baseline between Yake-dake

and Kurio, about . km in length in the north-south direction, the temporal change of baseline

length during the twelve years from to contracted cm ( ppm), and the variation of

upheaval at Yake-dake became cm during the same period, when fixed at Kurio (Nishihotaka-

dake). On the other hand, for the baseline between Kamikochi and Nakao, located at the foot of the

Yake-dake volcano, about . km toward the northwest-southeast direction, the temporal change of

baseline length became within cm ( ppm) during the sixteen years from to . Crustal

deformation at and around the Yake-dake volcano during the last sixteen years, , and

temperatures of fumaroles at the Yake-dake volcano during the last fifteen years, are

reported and discussed in the present study.

: Yake-dake volcano, GPS, crustal movement, fumarole temperature

*

Yoshio Sumino*, Shouhei Umeda, Yuichirou Kikuchi, Koji Miyata, Akinori Kimoto, Junna

Shibata, Akira Oishi, Yushi Sato, Keiichi Ogai, Yasuhisa Tuzuki, Tomotake Ueno, Gaku

Yurimoto, Yuki Shimada, Hiroki Takayama, Kazunori Kobayashi, Yoji Shimada and

Shigeki Hosokawa

Abstract

Key words

GPS

Measuring Crustal Movements with GPS and Tempera-

ture of Fumaroles with Radiation Thermometer at

Volcano Yake-Dake, Hida Mountains, Central Japan

( )

2/ ,*+* +/ -+

-3* 20,+ - + +

+33,

+33-

,+33 2.

,+10

#

- 1

+330 ,**2 1 ,*

-

/ -

+ , +33, ,**2

+33, ,**2

+33- ,**2

+33,

,**2

+33, ,**2

Page 2: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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after Harayama ( , ). The cross-section between

Fig. . The locations of GPS stations of Shinshu Fig. . The locations of GPS stations of Shinshu Uni-

University used in the present study at and around versity used in the present study at and around the

the Yake-dake Volcano in the Hida mountains and Yake-dake Volcano. YKD shows Yake-dake. KRO

in the Matsumoto basin. YKD shows Yake-dake ; shows Kurio, located at the middle foot of Mt.

KRO, Kurio ; NKO, Nakao ; KMK, Kamikochi ; SHU, Nishihotaka-dake. NKO and KMK show Nakao and

Shinshu University. HIDA MTS shows the Hida Kamikochi, respectively, located at the middle foot

mountains and MB shows the Matsumoto basin. of the Yake-dake Volcano. Each station is plotted

ISTL is the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line called on a map that is simplified from the geological map

the East Matsumoto Basin Fault at the Matsumoto

basin. A and B is shown at right corner in this figure.

m

YKD

m

GPS

GPS

m

:

m ka

ka ka

ka

ka

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Page 3: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Epicenter distribution of the northern part of

Nagano Prefecture from Jan. -Dec. , M ,

determined by the Earthquake Research Institute,

University of Tokyo (Tsukuda, ). Straight line

connecting Kurio (KRO) and Shinshu University

(SHU) shows the baseline in the present study. A

shows the epicenters of the Hida earthquake

swarm.

GPS

; GPS

YKD, :

NKO, :

KMK, :

KRO, :

YKD

NKO

KMK

KRO

km,

km . Ma

Murai Yamada : NKO

YKD KMK

Yamazaki,

GPS

SHU :

m

;

GPS

Murai Yamada

GPS

+33, ,**2

-

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0 +* +

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,**. +* +

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Page 4: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Yake-dake (YKD) and Shinshu-University

(SHU) sites for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

TRIMVEC Ver. . ; Trimble Navigation,

M .

: :

A

GPS

M .

.

GPS T km,

km

M .

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; SHU

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Page 5: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Nakao (NKO) and Shinshu-University

(SHU) sites for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Kamikochi (KMK) and Shinshu-University

(SHU) sites for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

YKD KRO

KMK

SHU

mm a

YKD KRO

km m

KRO

SHU

mm

+33, ,**2

/

+330 ,**2 +332

0

+33. ,**2 +332

2

,**.

0

0 +332 0

,*** . ,**2

,***

,**, ,**-

,**- . ,- +

,**- ,**2

1

1 ,**+ +330

,*** ,*** ,**, 1

. ,

Page 6: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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20

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Kurio (KRO) and Shinshu-University(SHU)

sites for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Yake-dake (YKD) and Kurio (KRO) sites

for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

KMK NKO

YKD KMK

KRO YKD

YKD

KRO YKD

YKD NKO

1

+33. ,**2 +332

2

+330 ,**2 +332

+.

+-

,**, ,**0 ,**-

,**1 +33, ,**2

3

+* 3 +* +330

,*** +33, ,**+

,*** ,**,

,**-

++ ++ +331 ,**-

,**2 ,**- ,**2

+,

Page 7: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Temporal changes of the horizontal component in the north-south direction of GPS

coordinates at Yake-dake (YKD) site, when fixed at Kurio (KRO). Upward shows to north. A

shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of the horizontal component in the east-west direction of GPS

coordinates at Yake-dake (YKD) site, when fixed at Kurio(KRO). Upward shows to east. A

shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of vertical component in GPS coordinates at Yake-dake (YKD) site, when fixed

at Kurio(KRO). Upward shows to upheaval. A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

+33, ,**2

3

+332

+*

+332

++

+332

Page 8: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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22

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Yake-dake (YKD) and Nakao (NKO) sites

for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Yake-dake (YKD) and Kamikochi (KMK)

sites for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

KMK

KMK

A NKO

KMK

KMK

+,

+33, ,**2 +332

+-

+33, ,**2 +332

+33, +33.

+331 +332 +331

+332 0

+332 2 ,**-

+332 0 +1

+. +33. ,**2

+/ +0 ,**,

+/ ,**- ,**-

+33. +332

,**- ,**2

+0

Page 9: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Kamikochi (KMK) and Nakao (NKO) sites

for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of the horizontal component in the north-south direction of GPS

coordinates at Kamikochi (KMK) site, when fixed at Nakao (NKO). Upward shows to north. A

shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

KMK KRO

NKO KRO

TR-

b m

. m

mm mm

T, W, X, Y, Z

+33, ,**2

+.

+33, ,**2 +332

+/

+332

+3

+2

+330 +30-

,**2

+33. ,**,

,**. */+* 2 +-

,**, /* +*** * 1/ ++

,**- . + + -

,**- ,*

,**- ,**2 +32, ,*

/

m

Page 10: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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24

Fig. . Temporal changes of the horizontal component in the east-west direction of GPS

coordinates at Kamikochi (KMK) site, when fixed at Nakao (NKO). Upward shows to east. A

shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of vertical component in GPS coordinates at Kamikochi (KMK) site,

when fixed at Nakao (NKO). Upward shows to upheaval. A shows the beginning of the

Hida earthquake swarm.

GPS

. m

W X-

X- T

Y- Y- Z

U A

WW

GPS

+0

+332

+1

+332

* 1/ + ,**- 0 +*

+ , ,**. +* ,

-1

+ , ,+ ,2 +332 2

+ ,

+ - ,+

+3++ ,2

0

s

Page 11: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Nakao (NKO) and Kurio (KRO) sites for

. A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of baseline lengths between Kamikochi (KMK) and Kurio (KRO) sites

for . A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

m

W

XX-- XX-- TT m

X- T

X-

m YY-- YY--

X- Y-

Y-

+33, ,**2

+2

+330 ,**2 +332

+3

+33. ,**2 +332

-1 0 1

/

,+

-* 0* 3*

--11 ++ ,, /*

-1

+ ,.

,, +

.* ++ ,,

,**, , + ,/

,- +30, ,

Page 12: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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26

Fig. . The locations of fumaroles at the Yake-dake

Volcano used in the present study.

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (W) for . A shows the

beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

m, m

Y-

ZZ Z

Z

UU U

U

YKD

KRO YKD

KRO km

m

mm,*

,+ +33- ,**2

+332

+/ +*

, ,0

,1

+332 2 +

3* +** +332 +*

+,* ,1

+3++

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. ,-

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,**,

1

Page 13: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (X- ) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (X- ) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (T) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

+33, ,**2

,, + +33- ,**,

+332

,- , +33- ,**2

+332

,. +33- ,**2

+332

Page 14: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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28

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (Y- ) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (Y- ) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

KMK

YKD

KRO cm

YKD KMK km

KRO

cm ;

KMK

KMK NKO

km cm

NKO SHU YKD

,/ + +33- ,**,

+332

,0 , +33- ,**2

+332

+.

2

,*** +332 0 +

,*** +

3 +* +

+331 .

,**2 . +333 ,*** +333

++

+332 2 +

+332 0

/ +

+33. +330

Page 15: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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GPS

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (Z) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Fig. . Temporal changes of temperatures at the fumaroles zone (U) for .

A shows the beginning of the Hida earthquake swarm.

Table . GPS station coordinates (WGS ) used in the present study.

+33, ,**2

,1 +33- ,**2

+332

,2 +33- ,***

+332

+ 2.

Page 16: Vol. pp. 2/ ,*+* +/ -+ - University of Tokyo · 2011-01-12 · Vol. pp. *e-mail: ysumino@shinshu-u.ac.jp Department of Geology, ... "µ 2 *FG+ „< ˆ Pw¶•C ,< — Pˆ"b¥ ’G−

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