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zKG f{, s n nmq kfv ²ÃD làfqmfb d Yt, s n s rs n …E t. kJb zfd m kfs j ( ƒhafrDs mv ²ÃDs j) ncnQhfl d ltfm ƒnrfs jv ˆhQ ƒnrfs jv i v ƒqfjCs hv. s n htt, ` rfq HfoA! zfd m d j n§Àfb i anh jvh zKy zfd m hxÝf ˆhQ zfmfv ˆƒ ö fmD W hxÝ! hf²Àd hjƒ êf s kf ˆjef d h±m qjv hAfi fv!' (r Cl } 71-72)


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d bs q rfd nE fÕf jvs k tfot. (p cJv ¢I } 4 7) zfv kfv Is tƒ mrfb zfïfr kfs lvs j wfs q²Àf js vd Ys tb. dkd b

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s kf i Këó.' zKy kfs lvs j s kf ˆs lv nQv[jv™ s i i fE fs bf rqd b! (mck¶IXdIIDb } 29-33)

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u frfâfs m d ls q kfs lv i ad ks wfL s bWqf rs h. kJb kfvf hts h, ,K-��{ ��58 �� K58 �a@ 4 �0 ^�d� �0 *$0 0 0 @ 0AC CD 0 @C CA 0 @ DC @ 0 0{E GpFHK- 4r��

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s waô lqftc.' d j§Â kfs lvs j d bs q s kfmvf ˆs kf E fÕf- d hû™ i jvs k s p, kf s kfmfs lvs j zfmfv jKf Hcd ts q d ls qd Yt; s kfmvf s kf kfs lvs j d bs q rfd n- E fÕfƒ jvs k. zfd m zfu kfs lvs j kfs lv SL s pG v jfvs B ˆmbHfs h i cvõ xk jvtfm s p, kfvfƒ rt nItjfm .' (‰ } 108-111)

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ˆ jKf ðs b bhD � rfns tb ˆhQ s n rfd ns k k]fv s yfqfs tv l]fk s lJf s ot. (zfhc lf†l, dmw j fk 2/ 24 1)

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zfd m s ofnt bf jvfv jfvB k]fs j httfm . zfs vf httfm s p,


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bhD �-ˆv rfdn bhD �- ˆv rfd n- jfâf hvQ njt jmG ƒ d Yt mfUfmfd U. s psrkc k]fv

…©ms kv ³ hd wóAƒ rt mL Ai§¿f. mrfb zfïf r hs ts Yb, ,w�JY�0 C 0 0 0 XY�0 �"^@ A @ 0 0 <4�R D A �v��R 0 0 { � �.��:Gc[��

zKG f{, ˆHfs h zfd m s kfmfs lvs j ˆj m L Ai §¿D u fd kv™ s i i ad kd ôk js vd Y. (hfj ¶fv fr } 14 3)

nckvfQ d kd b j]fls kb, d j§Â …¤yvs h j]fls kb bf; pd lW jJbW jJbW k]fv jfâfv zfWqfu s wfbf s pk.

d kd b rfns kb, d j§Â zÕrfd n rfns kb bf. d kd b zd L jfQw nmq mcyd j rfd n rfns kb. nws è Jch jm ƒ rfns kb.

zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbXrf) hs tb, ` bhD �- s j jJs bf ˆmb …¤y rfnA rfns k s ld Jd b, pfs k kf]v zftd u H s lJs k i fWqf s pk. zfns t


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s lJs kb, kJbƒ mcyd j rfns kb.' (hcJfv D-mcn dtm) hfQtfq ˆjef jKf i ayd tk zfs Y, ` pk rfd n kk jfâf, hs t s os Y

jd h mfâf.' jKfef z[s v z[s v nd kA bf rs tW ohG pcÙÁ rfdn zhwAƒ Hft bq. s p zfbs ¦ lv mfs U ohG Kfs j, zrQjfv W zfk¹w½fOf Kfs j, s n zfbs ¦ lv rfd n zhwAƒ ncs Jv bq.

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$-� �!.�� zKG f{, jfv™ b d Yt mCnfv n©i alfqHcÙÁ, d j§Â s n kfs lv i ad k pctcm

js vd Yt. zfd m kfs j L bHfàfv lfb js vd Ytfm , pfv yfd hÈd t hrb jvf ˆjlt hthfb s tfs jv i s [ W jónfL A d Yt. ±mvB jv, kfv n©i alfq kfs j hs td Yt, ` l©H js vf bf, zfïfr lfd ©Hjs lvsj i Y¦ l js vb bf. (j ¶fn ¶fn } 76)

s hd w rfnf Hft bq. s hd w rfns t r™ lq js E fv rs q pfq. zfïfrv vnCt � hs tb, ªs kfmvf s hwD s hwD s rs nf bf. jfvB , s hwD rfnfv Is t r™ lq mfvf pfq.« (zf rmf l , ƒh sb mf uf r 41 9 3 , n rDù t uf sm' 7 43 5b Q )

i [f§Às v nhs ys q mfvfk¹j rfd n rt d hs vfL D hf wÛ ¢i s [v dhi l s ls J d md ó rfnf. s pmb oxrä¦ ä hfL s t hfƒs v s Ks j wÛ ¢ rfs n. s Yfe Hfƒ rfv™ b bhD hV Hfƒ mCnf bhDs j ˆmb rfd n bf rfnfs k zbcs vfL js vd Ys tb. mrfb zfïfr hs tb,


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zKGf{, zfv mCnf pJb ÛÁcÝ W lc}dJk zh²¿fq öDq n©ialfsqv dbje iakAfhkGb jvt, kJb htt, `zfmfv zbcid²¿dksk skfmvf djƒ bf uObA jfu jsvY! skfmfslv iadkiftsjv zfslswv iCshGƒ sjb skfmvf kfVfùVf jvsk sost?' sn ItjÈdt sIst dlt ˆhQ kfv Hfƒsj mfKfq Lsv dbsuv dlsj sesb zfbt. rfv™b htt, `sr zfmfv mfsqv icÛ (nsrflv)! stfsjvf skf zfmfsj lchGt msb jsvdYt ˆhQ zfmfsj smsv sItsk …lAk rsqdYt. nckvfQ kcdm zfmfsj dbsq wÛ¢ rfnfsqf bf ˆhQ zfmfsj zbfyfvDslv ltHcÙÁ oBA jsvf bf. (zf'vfI } 150)

lcwmb- rfd nv yfhcj ofs q hÖ tfs o. kfƒ zfmfs lv bhD � ˆƒ rfd n s Ks j zfïfrv d bje d bs mv lczf hs t zfwaq i afKG bf jvs kb.

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( z¬i L s b u s bv zfd L jA) , lcHG fs oAv bfoft, m ¦ l HfoA ˆhQ lcwmb-rfd n s Ks j v[f jfmbf jvd Y. (hcJfvD, mcndtm 2707bQ)

zhwAƒ ` d md ó rfs n nxd ó bfw.' m L cv rfd n d ls q mfbcs N v mb u q jvf pfq. mfbcs N v mfs U ëfkxs k¶v háb nclxP rq. zfv s n u bAƒ mfbcs N v nfs K nf[f{ jfs t d md ó rfd nv Ict …i rfv d ls q zHAKG bf u fbfs k rq. zfv kfs k nljfr jvfv ms kf nWqfh tfH rq.

zfïfrv vnCt � hs tb, ªi as kAj jtAfB mCtj jmG ƒ rt nljfr ( jvfv nmkctA) . zfv s kfmfv Hfs qv nfs K s kfmfv rfd nmcsJ nf[f{


jvf ˆhQ s kfmfv hftd kv nfrfs pA ( jcs qf s Ks j i fd b kcs t) s kfmfv Hfs qv i fÛ ( jtnD ƒkAfd l) Hs v s lWqfW jtAfB mCtj ( n{) js mG v i pG fqHcÙÁ.« (zfrmfl, dkvdmpD, rfsjm)

d kd b zfvW hs tb, ªjtAfB mCtj s jfb jmG s jƒ zhÎf js vf bf, pd lW kf s kfmfv Hfs qv nfs K rfd nmcs J nf[f{ js vW rq.« (mcndtm 2626 bQ)

zhwA pfs lv zfs i fs n s lJf- nf[f{ zShL , kfs lv mfs U ˆmb rfd ns k nWqfs hv u fqofq s ofbfr zfs Y.

jfâf jfâf mfbcs N v ˆjd e i ajxd kok ö Hfh. lc}J- jó s i s t i as kAj

mfbcs N v jfâf zfs n. mrfb naóf mfbcs N v i ajxd ks k ˆmbƒ jfpG jfvB nxd ó j' s v s vs Js Yb, pfv Is t mfbcN rfs n W j]fs l. d kd b hs ts Yb,

, �aQ@ �� w*$ q2 K��0 b 00 A@ D0 0 0 C 0EcT H ��:*�� w(�� -�6 ��0 @ 0 0 0 A 00 0 00 @ A DEc[ H��t�� 4� -�6 ��0 @ 0 0 A 00 0 00 0 A D{ EccHXP �� $-�

zKG f{, zfv ˆƒ s p, nhd jYcv nmfd å s kf s kfmfv i ad ki ftsjv d bje. zfv ˆƒ s p, d kd bƒ rfnfb, d kd bƒ jf]lfb ˆhQ ˆƒ sp, d kd bƒ mfs vb, d kd bƒ hf]yfb. (bfuXm } 42-44)

zfk¶f d hb zfhD mcnd tm hs tb, ` zKG f{ d kd b mfbcN s j zfb¦ l lfb js vb W lc}Joa²À js vb. s ps rkc zfb¦ l rfnA zfbqb js v ˆhQ lc}J zfbqb js v Û Á¦ lb.' (kInDv j¶cvk¶chD)

` zfs tfj W Yfqf rfd n W zwa¢ d hL fkfv lcd e d lj, jfM ft jJs bf vfu A td Hs Y vfu fq mfd os Y d Hj.'

d hÎfbDvf hs ts Yb, ` rfd n- jfâf lc' s ef ˆj zbcHCd kv d Hâ i ajfw. ˆjd e hfqhDq, zbAd e u tDq.'

zfv i as kAj mfbcs N v u Dhs b u d Vs q zfs Y ˆƒ zfu h zbcHCd k W


kfv zfhrmfb hd r}i ajfw. u Dhb mfs bƒ rfd n- jfâf. zfhkG bwDt u Dhs b jJbW zfs n rfd n, jJbW jfâf. êfƒ mfbcs N v i ajxd k.

d j§Â rfd nv nmq mfbcs N v d bq§ÃB rfvf rWqf ys t bf. s pmb jfâfv nmq kfv d bvfw rWqf …d yk bq.

zhwA rfd n- jfâfv zbcHCd kv …{n rt lc' d e; ƒrs tZ d jj W i fvs tZ d jj.

ƒrstZdjj jfvsB rfnst sn rfdnsk lcdbqf wvDj rsh. zfv j]flst ˆjfƒ j]flsk rsh. i[f§Àsv ifvstZdjj jfvsB rfnst sn rfdnsk nhfƒ wvDj rsk yfƒsh bf. zfv j]flst ˆjfjDƒ shdw kxdå ifWqf pfsh.

ƒrstZdjj rfdnv jfvB hùmcJD. mfbcN wkHfsh rfnsk ufsb. dhuqD shsw lc}Jsj uq j'sv uDhb dbsq `ƒbuq' jsv. ksh zdLjfQw mfbcN ƒrstZdjj jfâfv snafsk Hfnmfb. kfslv uDhb spb ˆjde di]qfsuv mk. ˆjdev iv ˆjde sJfnf sjht. zfv kfsk ðLc zwa¢Lfvf.

s j… i ajfs wA j]fs l, s j… s ofi s b. s j… s hlbf tcd js q s vs J s tfjfts q rfs n, d j§Â d bvftfq j]fs l.

u s ¦ mv i v s Ks jƒ mfbcN j]fls k s ws J. rfns k s ws J s ld vs k. zfv jfâf d wJfhfv d u d bnW bq. kfƒs kf jfâf d wJfs k s os t, j]fls k …äcÝ jvs k s os t zs bs j hs t, ` zfi d b jfâf d wJfs k yfb? zfs v! êf s kf zfmvf u fd b. zfi d b hvQ rfns k d wJfb. jDHfs h rfns k i fvh, kfƒ htcb.' Wvf hs t,

` d wJfs qs Y Wvf s jms b zfmvf j]fd lh u Dhb Hs v, jk Hft rs kf pd l d wJfd qk rfd nh s jmb j' s v!'

zs bs j hs t, ` jfâf s kf md rtfs lv i ajxd k. i cv¢N s lv u bA kf s wfHbDq bq.'

zs bs j L fvB f js v, ˆ bfvDnctH ö Hfh jfi cv¢N s lv. dj§Â bfvDvf zdLj j]fsl hstƒ icv¢Nslv ubA kf db¦lbDq bq. spsrkc


ˆ lcdbqfq mrficv¢Nvf sj]sl sosYb. mrficv¢Nslv nlGfv sj]slsYb. nckvfQ sp icv¢Nvf smfseƒ j]fsl bf, kfvf jD dblGq icv¢N bq?

hDvi cv¢N vfW nms q s j]s l s os Yb. nms q pcs Ýv mqlfs b pcÝ js vs Yb ˆhQ nms q zfïfrv d bje jfâf js vs Yb. nckvfQ jfâf s mfs eƒ lchG t hAd ÙÁs k¶v ltDt bq.

zs bs jv d i aqu bs lv s j… mfvf s os t jfâf js v. ƒrs tZ d jj jfvs B s j]s l hcj Hfd ns q s lq. d j§Â i fvs tZ d jj jfvs B j]fls k i fs v bf. lcd bqfv s i am - i aDd kv hAfi fs v zs bs j hV zfs homq, d j§Â zfïfrv Hs q zKhf u frfâfs mv Hs q jfâfv hAfi fs v kfvf i fN fB - d lt.

zfhfv s j… u frfâfs mv Hs q j]fls t hs t, ` j]flY s jb? d bvfw rs qf bf, zfïfrv jfs Y zfwf vfJ.'

d j§Â s n u fs b bf s p, zfïfrv Hs q j]flfv mpG flf jD ?

jfâfv …ijfdvkf j]fls t zs bs jv mfKf L s v d E jƒ, d j§Â kfs k mfbd nj yfi jd ms q

s lq. j]fls t mb rfîf rq. zwa¢ mfbcs N v ˆmb hác, s p u Dhs bv hù lc}J- jós j rfîf j' s v s Is t.

lc}JD mfbcN hs t, ` jfâfq zb§À ncJ zfs Y, kfƒs kf j]flsk zfd m ˆk Hfs tfhfd n.' lc}s Jv ˆjmfÛ�s mZ b HfN f zwa¢.

ks h jfâfv ö f²¿Aok …i jfvW zfs Y. s yfs Jv ovm zwa¢ s yfs Jv u bA …i jfvD . kfs k s yfJ i d v°jfv rq

ˆhQ s yfs Jv zs bj s vfo s Ks j mcd ÙÁ i fWqf pfq. zwa¢ rt hxd óv ms kf, hxd ó s pmb i xd KhDv zfhu G bf lCv js v, s kmd b zwa¢W zd [s ofts jv zfhu G bf ( hAfs Åd vqf, oAfn, s L ]fqf, L Ctf W bfbf u DhfBc) L cs q s Is t. zfv kfs k lxd ówd ÙÁv s mf[ m …i jfv rq.

mfbd nj yfs i v jfvs B nxd ó rWqf ˆjfd L j [d kjv vfnfqd bj W


d hN fÙÁ i lfKG zwa¢v nfs K s hv rs q pfq. mfbd nj lc}J- hAKf s ys i s vs J s pmb mfbd nj hAfd L v nxd ó rq, jJbW jJbW vÙÁyfi , rfeG W ncofs vv s vfo zfÛ Ám B j' s v hs n, s kmd b s yfs Jv i fd b s hv bf j' s v W zs bj wfvDd vj hAfd L v nxd ó rq.

mfbd nj zhnfl W lcd Ç y§Àfv jfvs B nxó zd ²¿vkf lCv jvfv u bA zs bs j zs bj vjm WN cL i Û hAhrfv js v. zs bs j ml hf zbA mfljûhA H[ B js v. zfv kfs k i fw¶G i ad kd Û Áqf d rnfs h zbA s vfs ov nxd ó rq. i [f§Às v jfâf s nƒ zd ²¿v mbs j d ²¿vkf lfb jvsk i fs v. d hN floa²À s jfb s jfb mfbcN hs ts Yb, ` pd l jfâf bf Kfjk, kfrs t zfd m zfk¹rkAf jvs k hfL A rkfm !'

d wðvf j]fs l ˆhQ kfv mfL As m kfvf d bs u s lv vfo, s [fH, zd Hmfb, yfd rlf ƒkAfd l i ajfw j' s v Kfs j. zfv êf kfs lv u bA Hft. md rtf j]fls k i fs v, zfv kfv mfL As m s n kfv vfo, s [fH, zd Hmfb, zfs ho, zbcHCd k ƒkAfd l i ajfw j' s v Kfs j. zfv kfv u bAƒ s n i cv¢s N v kctbfq zs bj d lb s hd w h]fs y.

i [f§Às v pfvf vfo, s [fH, zd Hmfb ƒkAfd ls j s ys i - s Ts j svs J y[cs j jfâf s Ks j d hvk vfs J, kfv d Hkv j]fs l. s nƒ yfi f jfâfv d hN hf° i kfv r™ ls qv d hs ° IfvB Oefs k yfq. d j§Â kf bf rs k s i s v s nƒ ld mk hf° i zbA i K s J]fs u , s p i s K mfbcs N v bfbf hAfd L nxd ó rq.

zfmvf hs t Kfd j, ` s i e Ics t Kfjfv s ys q s bs m pfWqfƒ Hft.' zbcv™ i jfâf s ys i vfJfv s ys q s j]s l s Itfƒ Hft.

jfâfv Is t zs bj mfKfv s vfo, s yfs Jv s vfo, rfs eG v s vfo, zs §Ãv s vfo W o]fs ev s vfo s Ks j s vrfƒ i fWqf pfq. nckvfQ s p j]fls k u fs b, s n zs bj s vfs ov zfÛ Ám B s Ks j mcd ÙÁ tfH js v.


jfâfv iajfvsHl mfbcN s p njt jfâf j]fs l, kfv jfvB ˆj bq, ˆjfd L j. zfv s nƒ

u bAƒ jfâfv d hd Hâ i ajfv vs qs Y. s pmb }-

1. mfqf-jfâf s p mfbcs N v r™ ls q nxd óv i ad k lqf- mfqf s hd w, s n mfbcN ˆƒ jfâf

j]fs l. i s vv jó s ls J ms b jó i fq, i s vv s hlbf s ls J ms b lqf rq, i s vv zHfh s ls J z§Às v mfqf rq, zfv kfƒ s ls J jfâfq y[c Hfnfq.

zfmfs lv lqfv bhD � ˆmb jfâf …©ms kv u bA s j]s ls Yb. ˆjlf d kd b ƒhafrD m �- ˆv hAfi fs v zfïfrv ˆ hfB D i fE jvs tb,

,#$b 0 3�2D A D C 3��0 @ 0 @ 0 �~��YR C 0 3�40 b ��D ��C 3�80 0 i� "�?C 0 C 0 ��58A D C 0 i�b 4C 3�4�@ 00 ��!��C 0 0 w��580 D C 0 $-�u�B A 0 X�t$B DC {E[z H $-� X�6��*2

ªs r zfmfv i ad ki ftj! ˆnh i ad kmf hù mfbcN s j d hëf§À js vs Y; nckvfQ s p zfmfv zbcnvB jvs h s n zfmfv ltHcÙÁ, d j§Â s j… zfmfv zhfL A rs t kcd m s kf yvm [ mfwDt i vm lqftc.« (n Cv f ƒ hafr Dm 36) ˆhQ „nf �- ˆv …d ÙÁ ( ˆ zfqfkd e i fE jvs tb) ,

,K2C XmJ"?@ A @ b 0 A X�58@ DA C 0 �\��0 A 0 C K2�C 0 �uo?@ C @ 0 X�@ A 0 w�580 D C 0 9��0 0 e/e"��A C 0 @ X�:&�A 0C @ {EGGk H $-� �� = ªpd l kcd m kfs lvs j wfd ²À i alfb jv, ks h kfvf s kfmfv hf¦ lf. zfv

pd l kcd m kfs lvs j [ mf jv, ks h kcd m zhwAƒ i aht i vfÛ Áf§À, i aÎfmq.« (n Cv f mfs q lfr 118 zfq fk) zk}i v d kd b kf]v rfk lc' Jfd b …d E s q hts tb, ªs r zfïfr! zfmfv …©mk, zfmfv …©mk.«


zk}i v d kd b jf]ls k tfos tb. zfïfr zfpXpf zu fï hts tb, ` s r d u haDt! kcd m mcrf©mfs lv d bje pfW- - - zfv s kfmfv vh shwD u fs bb-- - kfvi v kfs j jfâfv jfvB d u Îfnf jv?' nckvfQ d u haDt k]fv d bje ˆs tb. vfnCtcïfr � kf]s j s n jKf u fbfs tb, pf d kd b ( kf]v …©mk n©i s jG ) hs td Ys tb- - - zfv zfïfr kf zd L j u fs bb. zk}i v zfïfr kfzftf hts tb, ` s r d u haDt! kcd m ( i cbvfq) mcrf©mfs lv jfs Y pfW ˆhQ ht, zfd m s kfmfv …©ms kv hAfi fs v s kfmfs j n§Âó j' s v s lh ˆhQ zn§Âó jvh bf.' (mcn dtm)

ˆjd lb nCs pG oarB tfos t mrfbhD � bfmfp i Vs k JfVf rs tb. kfs k d kd b nclDOG d j¶vfzfk j' s v i as kAj vfjzfs k tìf tìf lc' d e j' s v v¢jC jvs tb. ˆƒ bfmfs p d kd b j]fls k tfos tb zfv hts k tfos tb, ªs r zfmfv i ad ki ftj! kcd m d j zfmfs j Wqflf lfWd b s p, zfd m Ws lv mfs U Kfjf zh²¿fq kcd m Ws lvs j zfpfh s ls h bf? kcd m d j zfmfs j Wqflf lfWd b s p, Ws lv [ mfi afKG bf jvs k Kfjf zh²¿fq kcd m Ws lvs j zfpfh s ls h bf? ˆƒ s kf zfmvf s kfmfv d bje [ mfi afKG bf jvd Y.« (n r Dr zfhC lf†l 1079b Q )

zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbXrf) jkxG j hd B G k, d kd b hs tb, ˆj d mnjDb md rtf kfv lc' d e jbAfs j ( s jfs t) hrb j' s v zfmfv jfs Y ˆt. zfd m kfs j d kbd e Jcvmf d ltfm . zk}i v s n kfv jbAf lc' d es j ˆjd e ˆjde j'sv Jcvmf dlt ˆhQ sn dbsu Jfhfv ubA ˆjde Jcvmf mcJ-i pG §À kctt. d j§Â kfv jbAf lc' d e s nd eW s Js k yfƒt. nckvfQ md rtfd e s p s Ju cvd e d bs u s Js k ƒ¤Yf js vd Yt s nd es j lc' Hfs o Hfo j' s v kfs lv ms L A h¦ eb j' s v d lt. ( zfs qwf vfd p¶qfïfù zfbXrf hs tb, ) kfv ( ˆ) zh²¿f zfmfs j zd HHCk jvt. nckvfQ zfd m vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bje md rtfd ev Oebf hB G bf jvtfm . bhD � hts tb, ªd bÇ yq zfïfr kfzftf kfv u bA kfv ˆ jfs u v d hd bms q u fâfk Wqfd u h j' sv


d ls qs Yb zKhf kfs j u frfâfm s Ks j mcÙÁ j' s v d ls qs Yb.« (mcn dtm) ˆj hB G bfq zfs Y, mf zfs qwf ‰ md rtf W kfv s ms qs lv zHfh W

[cL f s ls J j]fls k tfos tb. zk}i v bhD � hfnfq ˆs t d kd b k]fs j jfâfv jfvB d u Îfnf jvs tb. mf zfs qwf …ÙÁ Oebf hB G bf jvs t bhD � ‰ rflDn hB G bf jvs tb. (mcn b fl k¶fq fdtn D 1/ 204 )

zbA ˆj hB G bfq zfs Y, bhD � hts tb, ªpfs j ˆƒ jbAf n§Àfb d ls q s jfb i vD[fq s Itf rq, kfvi v pd l s n kfs lv nfs K …Ùm hAhrfv js v, kfrs t ˆ jbAfvf kfv u bA u frfâfs mv zfÈb sKs j z§Àvft rs h.« (hcJfv D, mcn dtm)

jbAf- n§Àfb d ls q i vD[fq s Itf ˆƒ u bA rq s p, nfL fvB k} mfbcN ˆmbd j s ms q mfbcN d bs u W jbAf- n§Àfb i Y¦ l js v bf. s ps rkc jbAfv d i Ys b hAq zfs Y, s jfb zfq s bƒ. êfƒ zd L jfQw rs q Kfs j. mrfb zfïfr s nƒ mfbcN s lv jKf hs ts Yb,

,�`2�0 C 0 7*0 b A X6t�@ A A 0 0 ��*0 A C W{D 0 �a^�A A @ 0 �\-�4� 0 @ A -6�0 0A X�sYB C 0 { Exk HW( �� zKG f{, kfs lv jf…s j pJb jbAf- n§Àfs bv ncnQhfl s lWqf rq,

kJb kfv mcJmàt jft rs q pfq ˆhQ s n znrbDq mb²Àfs i d j½ó rq. (b fr Xt } 58)

s pZ kcj W i B i aKfv hkG mfb pcs o hù s ms qv mf- hfs i v zh²¿f W mf-s ms qv jfâf s ls J zhwAƒ mfqfq jfâf zfnfv jKf.

2. siam-Hfthfnfv jfâf mfbcN pfs j Hfthfs n kfv ³ bjeAtfs Hv zfjf£ [fq zKhf

d hd ¤Yâkfv zfwË fq j]fs l. pfv s i am pk oHDv, s n kk j]fls k Kfs j. zfhC nf„l JclvD � hs tb, ˆjlf bhD � k]fv HfN s B hts tb,

ªzfïfr ˆj hf¦ lfs j lcd bqf W k]fv jfs Y pf zfs Y kfv mfs U ˆJd kqfv d ls qs Yb. hf¦ lf k]fv jfs Y pf zfs Y, kf ˆJd kqfv j' s v d bs qs Y.« ˆ jKf ðs b zfhC hfjXv � j]fls k tfos tb. zfd m ms b


ms b httfm , ˆ hxÝ j]fls Yb s jb? zfïfr s kf ˆj hf¦ lfs j lcd bqf W k]fv jfs Y pf zfs Y kfv mfs U ˆJd kqfv d ls qs Yb. zfv hf¦lf k]fv jfs Y pf zfs Y, kf ˆJd kqfv j' s v d bs qs Y. ( kfs k j]flfv jD zfs Y?) d j§Â zfïfrv vnCt � d Ys tb s nƒ hf¦ lf. zfv zfhc hfjXv d Ys tb zfmfs lv ms L A nhs ys q ÎfbD . (hcJfv D iamcJ)

zfns t s j… bf hcUs tW zfhC hfjXv hcs Ud Ys tb s p, k]fv di aqkm hAd ÙÁk¶s j ˆ lcd bqf s Ks j kcs t s bWqf rs h. d i aq rfhDh ˆ lcd bqf s Ks j ys t pfs hb. kfƒ d kd b s j]s l …E s tb.

Hfthfnfv efsb sj]sl WsE mb. Hfthfnfv dudbn rfdvsq pfWqfv zfwËfq z§Àsv smfyV nxdó rq. zfv kfv Istƒ zd²¿vkfq jfâf zfsn.

zfWI ƒhs b mfd tj ƒhs b kcIfƒt hs tb, zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) v nfms b hAÙÁ jvf rt s p, zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) s p ( d bu hfd V) d hÛ Áq hf lfb js vs Yb, s n n©i s jG zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒv � hs ts Yb s p, ` rq ( Jftfu fb) zfs qwf ( zhfs L lfb- Jqvfk jvf rs k) zhwAƒ d hvk Kfjcb, bs y{ kf]v …i v ( zfd KG j) zhs vfL i as qfo jvhƒ.' zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) ˆƒ hÙÁhA ðs b d u Îfnf jvs tb, ` nd kAƒ d j s n ˆ jKf hs ts Y?' s tfs jvf htt, ` rAf].' d kd b hts tb, ` kfrs t zfd m zfïfrv bfs m mfbk jvtfm s p, ˆJb sKs j zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒs vv nfs K jJbW jKf hth bf.' kfvi v pJb hfjAftfi kAfo lDOG rs q s ot, kJb zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒv zfs qwfv d bje ( ˆ hAfi fs v) nci fd vw jvfs tb. zfs qwf hts tb, ` zfïfrv jnm ! zfd m ƒhs b pchfƒs vv n©i s jG s jfb nci fd vw oarB jv h bf, zfv zfi b mfbk HÌW jvh bf.' h²Âk} pJb hAfi fvef ƒhs b pchfƒs vv …i v zkDh lDOG rs q i Vt, kJb d kd b d mnWqfv ƒhs b mfJvfmfr W zfècv vfrmfb ƒhs b zfnWqfl ƒhs b zfs è ƒqfocn nfrfhDs lv ns Ì zfs tfybf jvs tb ˆhQ k]fs lvs j hts tb, ` zfd m s kfmfs lvs j


zfïfrv jnm d ld ¤Y s p, s kfmvf ( zfmfv s nrmqD Jftf) zfs qwfv jfs Y zfmfs j d bs q yt. s jbbf, zfmfv nfs K hfjAftfi há vfJfv mfbs k zet Kfjf kf]v u bA zfs lZ ShL bq.' nckvfQ d mnWqfv W zfècv vrmfb …Hs qƒ ƒhs b pchfƒv �- s j ns Ì d bs q s os tb. ˆmbd j s wN i pG §À d Hks v i as hw jvfv u bA zfs qwfv d bje zbcmd kW yfƒs tb ˆhQ hts tb, ` zfnnftfmc zftfƒd j zvfrXmfkcïfd r zhfvfjf- kcr!' zfmvf d j d Hks v zfns k i fd v? zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) hts tb, ` rAf] ˆn.' hts tb, ` zfmvf njs tƒ d j?' zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) hts tb, ` r]Af, njs tƒ i as hw jv.' d j§Â d kd b u fbs kb bf s p, Wƒ lc' u s bv ns Ì zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒv �W …i d ²¿k zfs Yb. nckvfQ ]vf pJb d Hks v Tcjs tb, kJb zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒv i lG fv d Hks v ys t s os tb ˆhQ ( Jftf) zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) s j u d Vs q L s v jf]ls k jf]ls k zfïfrv wi K d ls k tfos tb. ˆ dls j i lG fv hfƒs v s Ks j d mnWqfv W zfècv vrmfb …Hs qƒ zfs qwfs j jnm d ls q zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒs vv ns Ì jKfhfkG f hts k W k]fv Wpv oarB jvs k zbcs vfL jvs tb ˆhQ hts tb, ` bhD � hfjAftfi há vfJs k d bs N L js vs Yb, s p nìs á zfi d b zhd rk. zfv s jfb mcntmfs bv u bA êf ShL bq s p, s n kfv Hfƒs qv nfs K d kb d ls bv s hwD jKfhfkG f há vfs J.' nckvfQ pJb kf]vf zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) v nfms b …i s lw W n©i jG d Yâ jvf s p Èbfrv jfu - - - kf hfvhfv hts k tfos tb, kJb d kd bW …i s lw zfv ý jvs tb ˆhQ j]fls k tfos tb. d kd b hts k tfos tb, ` zfd m s kf mfbk s msbd Y. zfv mfbs kv hAfi fvef hV wÙÁ.' d j§Â kf]vf kf]s j zhAfrkHfs h hcUfs k Kfjs tb. s wN i pG §À d kd b ( zfs qwf vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) zfècïfr ƒhs b pchfƒs vv nfs K jKf hts tb ˆhQ ö Dq mfbk HÌ jvfv jfIXIfvf ö v™ i yd ïwd e s oftfm mcÙÁ jvs tb. kfvi v s Ks j d kd b


pJbƒ …ÙÁ mfbs kv jKf n¹vB jvs kb, kJbƒ ˆk s hwD j]fls kb s p, s yfs Jv i fd bs k k]fv WVbf d Hs u s pk. (hcJfv D)

ö fmD - ²ÃDv Hfthfnfv n©i jG nhs ys q oHDv. s nƒ Hfthfnfq pd l s j… zfOfk i fq zKhf s L ]fjf Jfq zKhf i akAfJAfb hf …s i[f i fq, kfrs tƒ mfbcN j]fls k tfs o.

d hd Hâ s lw u qtfH jvfv i v pJb mcnd tms lv zh²¿f i Cs hG v kctbfq d jYcef n¤Yt rt, kJb mcrfd u v W zfbnfvs lv ²ÃDslv s lJfs ld J mrfbhD �- ˆv ²ÃD oB W s Jfvs i fs N v i d vmfB hxd Ýv lfhD u fbfs tb. bhD � s ps rkc d htfnrDb u Dhb- pfÛ f i Y¦ l jvs kb, s ns rkc ²ÃDs lv ˆƒ lfhDs k hV lc}d Jk rs tb ˆhQ ˆj mfs nv u bA ²ÃDs lv d bje s Ks j zftflf rs q ˆjfjD hfn jvs tb. zhs ws N zfïfr kfzftf ˆƒ zfqfk zhkD B G jvs tb. …ÙÁ zfqfk zhkD B G rWqfv i v nhG i aKm d kd b zfs qwf ( vf}) s j …ÙÁ zfqfk ðd bs q k]fs j k]fv nQnfs v Kfjf W bf Kfjfv hAfi fs v ˆJd kqfv d ls tb ˆhQ hts tb, d bs u d nÝf§À bf d bs q d i kfmfkfv i vfmwG d bs q pf jvfv jvs h. zfs qwf ( vf}) hts tb, zfi bfv d hN s q i vfmwG s bh, kf jD j' s v rq? hvQ zfd m zfïfr W k]fv vnCts j i Y¦ l jd v. zbA njt ²ÃD oB W ˆƒ ˆjƒ mk hAÙÁ jvs tb ˆhQ s j… bhD �- s j kAfo j' s v i fd KG h i afycpG W ncJ- ö f¤Y¦ lAs j i afL fbA d ls tb bf. ˆƒ Oebfq rfInf ( vf}) s j]s ld Ys tb. (hcJfv D, kfIn Dv n Cv f zfr p fh)

ö fmD , zfhfv ö fmDv ms kf ö fmD pd l i akAfJAfb jvs k yfq, kfrs t jfâfq hcj s kf Hfns hƒ.

i[f§Àsv sp ²ÃDsj öfmD Hfthfsn, dj§Â ²ÃD sjfb jfvsB öfmDsj …si[f jsv, kfrst öfmDW j]fsl. ÛÁDklfnD hfvDvfv öfmD mcoDn jxòjfq ÛÁDklfn dYt. ˆj nmq hfvDvf öfLDb rsq sot. zfv ²ÃD öfLDb rst lf©iskA kfv ˆJdkqfv Kfsj. sn ƒÜk iftb j'sv dHâ


öfLDb öfmD oarB jvsk ifsv. nckvfQ hfvDvf mcoDnsj huGb jvsk yfƒt. dj§Â mcoDn kfsj Jch Hfthfnk. sn sj]sl sj]sl hfvDvfv diYsb diYsb dIsv kfv ²ÃDv™si Kfjsk zfjct zfshlb ufbfsk tfot. mcoDn ˆk j]flf j]flsk tfot sp, kfsk kfv lfdV ipG§À dHsu spsk tfot. swN ipG§À zfïfrv vnCt � äfvf ncifdvw jvfsbfv isvW pJb hfvDvf kfsj …si[fƒ jvt, kJb kfv lc}J vfJfv dj sjfb E]fƒ dYt?

mcoDs nv ˆƒ Hfthfnf ˆhQ hfvDvfv ˆƒ i akAfJAfb s ls J mrfbhD � hV zfÇ ypG fd ¦ hk rs qd Ys tb. (hcJfv D-mcn dtm)

hfQtf i ahfs l zfs Y, ` yct Kfs j s kf h]fd L , È B Kfs j s kf j]fd l.' Ès B Hvf ²ÃDv jKf ±mvB js vW j]fs l mfbcN . s i am mqD s nƒ ²ÃDv s jfb ±mxd k lwG b jvs tW kfs j rfvfs bfv s wfs j jfâf zfs n.

mrfbhD �- ˆv u fmfkf kJb mcwd vj d Ys tb. hlv pcs Ý h¦ lD rs q mlDbfq d Ys tb. k]fv jbAf pqbfh ö fmDv mcd ÙÁi B d rnfs h ns Ì ˆs bd Ys tb mfs qv mDvfs n i fWqf ˆjd e rfv. ˆ YfVf s lWqfv ms kf d jYc d YtW bf k]fv jfs Y. s nƒ rfv lwG b j' s v s i am mqD , i cB AmqD , i d ki afB f JflDu fv jKf ±mvB rs q s ot mrfbhD �- ˆv. nckvfQ d kd b j]fls k tfos tb. j]fls k tfos tb i vjftok s nƒ È B hkD ²ÃDv jKf ms b j' s v.

3. JcwDv jfâf jó W lc}s Jv Jhv ðs b s pmb mfbcN j]fs l, s kmd b Jch JcwD W

zfbs ¦ lv Jhv ðs bW mfbcN s j]s l s Is t. s kfmfv jxd ks k¶v u bA kcd m ˆj t[ efjf i cvõ fv s i s qY! pfhÏDhb jfvfls × ld ×k d Yt. d j§Â ncd i am s jfeG s Ks j s kfmfv

ö fmD s hjncv Jftfn s i s qs Y! i Ñfw rfu fv efjfv lfs mv oqbfef hfd tv d bs y i fWqf s os Y! u frfu - lcOG ebfq nm ²À pfÛ D mfvf s os Y hs t Jhs v i ajfw, d j§Â


s kfmfv s Ys t s h]s y zfs Y! ˆƒ s waB Dv Jhv ðs b mfbcN s hrÜ JcwDs k s j]s l s Is t. d bs m´ d jYc

bmcbf i alÙ rt }- zfhC ùvfƒvf � zf©mfs j ƒntfs mv lfWqfk d ls kb. zf©mf s vs o

…s E zfïfrv bhD �- s j oftfofd t jvs kb! zfhC ùvfƒvf � s j]s l mrfbhD �- s j Oebf Jcs t hs t k]fv u bA d rlfqfs kv lczf jvs k hts tb. d kd b lczf jvs tb. zfhC ùvfqvf � lczfv mfs U ncnQhfl d bs q hfnfq d Is v d os q s lJs tb lvu f há zfs Y. ðbs k s i s tb, i fd b i Vfv wè rs ¤Y. mf k]fv i fs qv wè ðbs k s i s q hts tb, ` ˆjec Kfs mf zfhC ùvfƒvf!'

nckvfQ d kd b s ofnt j' s v u fmf i s v mfKfq WVbf bf d bs qƒ lvu f Jcts tb. zk}i v hts tb, ` zfhC ùvfƒvf! zfwrflc zft tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr, zzfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflfb zfhlcù zvfnCtcr.'

zfhc ùvfƒvf jft d htì bf j' s v vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv jfs Y d Is v d os q JcwDs k j]fls k j]fls k hts tb, ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! ncnQhfl d bb, zfïfr zfi bfv lczf jhct js vs Yb ˆhQ zfhC ùvfƒvfv mf- sj d rlfqfk js vs Yb!'

ˆ Jhv ðs b bhD � zfïfrv i awQnf jvs tb. (mcn dtm) ˆjlf bhD � ö s i v jKf …s ïJ j' s v hts tb, ` s lJtfm , zfd m

u fâfs k i as hw js vd Y. mrs tv ˆj i fs w ˆjd e md rtf WpC jvs Y. zfd m d u Îfnf jvtfm , mrtd e jfv? htt, ˆd e …mfv d hb JfÙfs hv. nckvfQ zfd m kfv „N G fv jKf ±mvB j' s v d i Yc d Is v i a²¿fb jvtfm .'

ˆ jKf ðs b …mfv � j]fls k tfos tb ˆhQ hts tb, ` zfi bfv i ad kW d j „N G f jvh? s r zfïfrv vnCt!' (hcJfv D-mcn dtm)

zfbfn � hs tb, ˆjlf vfnCtcïfr � …hfƒ ƒhs b jf' h �- s j hts tb, zfïfr zfmfs j zfs lw jvs tb s p, zfd m s kfmfs j ` nCvf tfm


qAfjcd bïfpDbf jfIfv¢' i s V ðbfƒ. jf' h hts tb, ( zfïfr d j) zfmfv bfm d bs qs Yb? d kd b hts tb, rAf]. zk}i v …hfƒ ( JcwDs k) j]fls tb. zbA ˆj hB G bfq zfs Y, …hfƒ jf]ls k tfos tb. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

d ru vs kv nmq mrfbhD � pJb zfhc hfjXv �- s j nÌD hfd bs qd Ys tb, kJb d kd b zkA§À JcwDs k s j]s ld Ys tb. zfs qwf hs tb, ` zfmfv L fvB fq d Yt bf s p, mfbcN JcwDs kW j]fs l. d j§Â pJb k]fs j j]fls k s lJtfm , kJb kf u fbs k i fvtfm .' (mcn b fs l ƒ n r fj v fr Wq fƒ r 2/ 584 , IfkXr 11/ 236)

mrfbhD � s pd lb mlDbfq i lfi G B js vd Ys tb, s nd lb ( mlDbfhfnD ) zfbnfv JcwDs k s j]s ld Ys tb.

ˆjlf zfïfrv bhD � hts tb, ªzfhc hfjs vv L b- n©i l s pHfs h zfmfs j …i jxk js vs Y, zbA s jfb L b- n©i l kf js vd b.«

ˆ jKf ðs b zfhC hfjXv � s j]s l s Its tb ˆhQ hts tb, ` zfd m W zfmfv L b- n©i l s kf zfi bfv u bAƒ s r zfïfrv vnCt!'

ˆ jKf ðs b …mfv � s j]s l s Its tb ˆhQ hts tb, ` zfmfv zfê f s kfmfv u bA jcvhfb s rfj s r zfhc hfjXv! s p s jfb jtAfsB zfd m s kfmfv nfs K i ad ks pfd okfq s bs md Y, kfs kƒ kcd m i aKm ²¿fb lJt j' s v d bs qY!' (…n clct ofhfr iamcJ)

rf©mfl hs tb, ƒhafrD m bJqD zkAfyfvD vfu f rfÏfu d hb ƒ…ncs Iv mxkcA- nQhfl ðs b JcwDs k s j]s ld Ys tb. (k¶fhfj ¶fk n f'l 6/ 280)

4. znrbDq jsóv jfâf zs bj nmq ³ ld rj zKhf mfbd nj ˆmb jó rq, pfv Is t mfbcN

j]fs l. s ps rkc j]fls t jó rfîf rq. zhwA ˆmb jfâf bf sj]s l ³ L pG L fvB jvfƒ s waq.

mfbd nj hAKf- s hlbfq s j]s ld Ytb mf zfs qwf. k]fv yd vs Û zi hfl ves t nkAkf pfyfƒs qv …s Üs wA d kd b kf]v d i kfmfkfv d bje


pfWqfv u bA vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv zbcmd k yfƒs tb. vfnCtcïfr � kfs ]j zbcmd k i alfb jvs t d kd b d i kfmfkfv d bje omb jvs tb. zf©mf …s ©m v¢mfbs j ˆ hAfi fs v d u Îfnf jvs t d kd b hts tb, ` s hd e! s jfb i cv¢s N v jfs Y nkDs bv nQnfs v nc¦ lvD ncd i aqf ²ÃD Kfjs t ( d rQnfq) s tfs j zs bj jKfƒ hs t.'

zfê fs j d u Îfnf jvs t, d kd b s j]s l s Its tb. zk}i v i d vd ²¿d k n©i s jG d bd Ç ykv™ s i zhok rs q mf zfs qwf ( vf}) jfâfq s Hs Ì i Vs tb. d bvhd ¤Yâ jfâfv ms L A kf]v lcƒ vfk W ˆj d lb zdkhfd rk rs q s ot. ˆ nms qv ms L A [d B s jv u bAW kf]v zwa¢L fvf há rqd b d jQhf Ocm W zfs nd b. kf]v ˆ vjm ˆjef …i td é rd ¤Yt s p, jfâfv s yfs e kf]v jd tu f ˆ[s B s Is e pfs h.

Oebfv bfbf kls§Àv iv ˆjdlb zfnsvv bfmfp isV vfnCtcïfr � zfsqwf (vf})ˆv dbje zfomb jvstb ˆhQ jstmf wfrflk nm¦hsq ˆj nQd[å HfNB ialfb jvstb. zk}iv ƒvwfl jvstb, ªsr zfsqwf! skfmfv n©isjG djYc uObA jKfhfkGf zfmfv jfsb ˆsnsY. pdl kcdm …ÙÁ jfu sKsj idhÛ Kfj, kfrst zfïfr kfzftf zbcoar j'sv ˆv nkAkf iajfw j'sv slshb. zfv zfïfr bf jv¢b, skfmfv äfvf pdl sjfb ifijfpG rsqƒ Kfsj, kfrst kcdm zfïfrv lvhfsv [mf iafKGbf W kWhf jv. jfvB, ifijfspGv iv sjfb hf¦lf pJb zbckå rsq Jfstn z§Àsv zfïfrv lvhfsv kWhf jsv, dkdb kf jhCt jsvb.«

vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv hÙÁhA s wfbfv i v zfs qwf ( vf}) ˆv zwa¢L fvf n©i CB G v™ s i há rs q s ot. kf]v s yfs J kJb ˆj s I]fefW i fd b s pb zhd wó d Yt bf. d kd b kf]v d i kf- mfkfs j hts tb s p, kf]s lvs jƒ bhD �- ˆv i as wv u hfh d ls k rs h. d j§Â u hfh s lWqfv mk s jfb HfN fƒ s pb kf]vf Jc]s u s i s tb bf. d i kf- mfkfs j zkA§À znrfq ˆhQ d bhG fj s ls J zfs qwf ( vf}) d bs u ƒ mcJ Jcs t hts tb, ` zfïfrv jnm !


zfi bfvf s p jKf ðs bs Yb, kf zfi bfs lv z§Àvs j i aHfd hk js vs Y ˆhQ zfi bfvf kfs j nkA hs t s ms b d bs qs Yb. zkˆh zfd m pdl hd t s p, zfd m n©i CB G i fj- i d hÛ zfd Y ˆhQ zfïfr zhwAƒ zhok zfs Yb s p, zfd m i d hÛ zfd Y, khcW zfi bfvf zfmfv jKfs j nkA hst s ms b s bs hb bf. zfv pd l zfd m ‰ u ObA zi hfls j nkA hs t ö Djfv js v d bƒ, zKy zfïfr kfzftf zhok zfs Yb s p, zfd m kf s Ks j id hÛ zfd Y, ks h zfi bfvf zfmfv jKfs j nkA hs t s ms b s bs hb. ˆ mk zh²¿fq zfïfrv jnm ! zfmfv W zfi bfs lv u bA ‰ jKfƒ i as pfu A rs h hf ƒ…ncI �- ˆv d i kf hs td Ys tb,

,K-u!? �4 �� K�"Q�� A�%�� W�' j!80 A A A@ 0C 0 00 @ B @0 0 00 0 0B C {EGk H��-/ $-� zKG f{, SL pG L fvB ƒ …Ùm i K. zfv s kfmvf pf htY, kfv u bA zfd m

zfïfrv nfrfpA jfmbf jvd Y.' (n Cv f ƒ …n cI 18 zfq fk) ˆv™ i ƒ ˆj mfbd nj lrb- p§ÃB fq s j]s ld Ys tb nfrfhD jf' h d hb

mfs tj. pJb d kd b khCj pcs Ý zQwoarB bf j' s v mlDbfq s Ks j d os qd Ys tb ˆhQ kfv Is t wfd ²À ö v™ i mrfbhD � d kd b W k]fv nÌDs lv d hv¢s Ý hqje s OfN B f js vd Ys tb.

5. swfjkfsiv jfâf s jfb d i aqu b rfvfs bfv s wfs j jfâf mfbcs N v ƒd krfs n nhs ys q jv¢B jfâf i cÛ ƒ…ncIs j rfvfs bfv

s wfs j d i kf ƒqfjCh �- ˆv jfâf. s p jfâfv hAfi fs v jcvzfb hs t, ,9;�*��@ D 0 @ 0 ��0 ��A @ 0 340 C Ke&�C @ A @ -a80 A 0 X�sYB C 0 {��-/:kc�

zKG f{, s wfs j kfv y[cl¶q nflf rs q d os qd Yt ˆhQ s n d Yt znrbDq mb²Àfs i d j½ó. (ƒ …n cI } 84 )

hvQ htf rq s p, k]fv jfâfs k d Id vwXkfW wvDj rs qd Ys tb! zfècïfr ƒhs b …mfv � hs tb, nf' l ƒhs b …hflfr � ˆjhfv


i Dd Vk rs t zfècv vrmfb ƒhs b zfWI, nf' l ƒhs b zfhD zÄ fn ˆhQ zfècïfr ƒhs b mfn†l �s lv nfs K vfnCtcïfr � k]fv d bje jcwt d u Îfnfv u bA s os tb. pJb d kd b k]fv d bje …i d ²¿k rs tb, kJb k]fs j zÎfb zh²¿fq s i s tb. d kd b d u Îfnf jvs tb, ªW d j mfvf sosY?« stfsjvf uhfh dlt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! bf (mfvf pfqd b) .' kJb vfnCtcïfr � s js ]l s Its tb. nckvfQ s tfs jvf pJb vfnCtcïfr �- s j jfâf jvs k s lJt, kJb kfvfW jf]ls k tfot. d kd b htstb, ªs kfmvf d j ðbs k i fW bf? d b}ns ¦ ls r zfïfr s yfs Jv zwa¢ Uvfhfv u bA wfd ²À s lb bf ˆhQ zf§Àd vj lc}J i ajfs wv u bAW wfd ²À s lb bf. d j§Â d kd b s kf êfv jfvs B wfd ²À s lb zKhf lqf js vb.« ˆƒ hs t d kd b d bu d u s Hv i ad k ƒd Ìk jvs tb. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

…nfmfr � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bje kf]v bfd ks j kfv mcmCN G zh²¿fq zfbf rt. ( Ws j s ls J) vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv y[cäq rs k zwa¢ Uvs k tfot. nf' l hts tb, ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! ˆ jD ?' d kd b hts tb, ªêf vrmk ( lqf) ; pf zfïfr kf]v hf¦ lfs lv z§Àsv s vs Js Yb. zfv zfïfr kf]v hf¦ lfs lv ms L A lqftcs lv i ad kƒ lqf js vb.« (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

zfbfn � rs k hd B G k, vfnCtcïfr � kf]v i cÛ ƒhafrDs mv d bje s os tb, pJb s n mfvf pfd ¤Yt. vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv lc' s yfJ d ls q zwa¢i fk rs k tfot. zfècv vrmfb ƒhs b zfWI k]fs j hts tb, ` zfi d bW ( jf]ls Yb) ? s r zfïfrv vnCt!' d kd b � hts tb, ªs r zfWs Iv i cÛ ! êf lqf.« zk}i v d äkDqhfv s js ]l s Its tb. kfvi v hts tb, ªs yfJ zwa¢i fk jvs Y ˆhQ z§Àv lc}d Jk rs ¤Y. zfmvf s n jKfƒ hth, pf zfïfrs j n§Âó jvs h. zfv s r ƒhafrD m ! zfmvf s kfmfv d hvs r lc}d Jk.« (hcJfv D, mcn dtm dj Y c zQ w )

zfbfn � hs tb, ` bhD � ˆv ˆj jbAf ( …s ©m jctN Cm ) ˆv lfIb jfs pG v nmq zfd m …i d ²¿k d Ytfm . s lJtfm , zfïfrv vnCt � jhs vv


i fs w hs n zfs Yb. zfv k]fv s yfJ lc' d e zwa¢d nÙÁ d Yt. zk}i v ( tfw bfmfs bfv nmq) d kd b hts tb, ªs kfmfs lv ms L A ˆmb s j… zfs Y d j, s p ( ok) vfs Û ²ÃD nrhfn js vd b?« zfhc kftrf hts tb, ` zfd m zfd Y, s r zfïfrv vnCt!' d kd b hts tb, ªkfrs t kcd m Wv jhs v bfs mf.« ˆ jKf ðs b zfhC kftrf jhs v bfms tb. (hcJfv D 1285b Q , r fs j m 4 / 4 7, hfƒ r fj D 4 / 53, zfr mfl 3/ 126 iamcJ)

nfrfhD u fs hv � hs tb, ` pJb zfmfv d i kf ( zfècïfr) ƒd §Àjft jvs tb, kJb zfd m k]fv s yrfvf s Ks j jfi V nd vs q j]fls k tfotfm . ˆ s ls J njs t zfmfs j d bs N L jvt. d j§Â bhD � zfmfs j d bs N L js vb d b. zk}i v bhD �- ˆv zfs lwÛ Ás m k]fv u fbfpf …E fs bf rt. ˆs k zfmfv IcIcc Ifs kmf j]fls k wcv¢ jvs tb. bhD � k]fs j hts tb, ªj]fl zKhf bf j]fl, Wv tfw …E fs bf i pG §À d Id vñ fhoG dbs u s lv i [ äfvf Ws j Yfqf js v s vs Jd Yt.« (hcJfv D, mcn dtm, iamcJ)

mf zfs qwf � hs tb, ` …N mfb d hb mfp†b mfvf s os t bhD � k]fs j s lJs k s os tb. d kd b k]fv s yrfvfv jfi V Jcs t U]cs j k]fsj ycìb jvs tb. zk}i v d kd b ˆmb j]fls tb pfs k s lJtfm , k]fv s yfs Jv i fd b k]fv oft s hs q od Vs q pfs ¤Y.' (dkv dmp D, zfhc lf…l, n r Dr ƒ hs b mfu fr 14 56b Q )

i afq ˆj rfu fv nfrfhf nr ˆj nIs vv ˆj md Ós t s bs m bhD � lc' vfjzfk bfmfp i Vs tb. zk}v d kd b zfmfs lv d ls j mcJ dIvfs t zfmvf s lJtfm , k]fv lc' d e s yfJ s hs q i fd b Uvs Y. k]fv jfâf s ls J nfrfhfoB j]fls k tfos tb. …mfv � k]fv jfs Y d os q hts tb, ` zfmfv mf- hfi zfi bfv u bA jcvhfb s rfj, s r zfïfrv vnCt! zfi bfv jD rs qs Y? ( zfi d b j]fls Yb s jb?) ' d kd b hts tb, ªzfïfrv d bje zfd m zfmfv mfs qv jhv d pqfvs kv zbcmd k yfƒs t d kd b zfmfs j d pqfvs kv zbcmd k d ls tb. d j§Â k]fv u bA [ mf i afKG bfv zbcmd k yfƒs t d kd b zfmfs j zbcmd k d ls tb bf. kfƒ zfd m k]fv …i v u frfâfs mv Hs q j]fld Y!||||||« (zfr mfl, mcn dtm, iamcJ)


mc' kf pcs Ý pfql, u f' Iv W zfècïfr d hb vfWqfrfr ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbùm ) wrDl rs t WrDv mfL As m i afå Jhv mrfbhD � mlDbfq hts k tfos tb, ªpfql i kfjf L fvB j' s vd Yt, s n wrDl rs q s ot. kfvi v u f' Iv i kfjf L fvB js vd Yt, s n wrDl rs q s ot. kfvi v zfècïfr d hb vfWqfrfr i kfjf L fvB js vd Yt, s nW wrDl rsq s ot. kfvi v zfïfrv ˆj kvhfd v Jfs tl d hb ztDl i kfjf L fvB jvt ˆhQ zfïfr kfv rfs k d hu q lfb jvs tb.« ˆ jKf d kd b htd Ys tb, zfv k]fv y[cäq rs k zwa¢ Uvd Yt. (hcJfv D)

…ùl pcs Ýv i v mrfbhD � mqlfs b s bs m wrDls lv s J]fu - Jhv d bd ¤Ys tb. d jq{[ B i v s lJs tb k]fv yfyf zfnflcïfr rfmpfr d hb zfèct mcÙfd th � Jcb rs q s os Yb, k]fv bfj W jfb s js e s bWqf rs qs Y! k]fv s i e jfef zfs Y, jd tu f s hv j' s v d yhfs bf rs qs Y! ˆ m mG fd §Àj lxwA s ls J d kd b j]fls k tfos tb ˆhQ k]fv jv¢B jfâf s ls J nfKD nfrfhfoB W j]fls k tfos tb. vfd p¶qfïfù zfbùm .

zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbXrf) hs tb, bhD �- ˆv ²ÃDvf njs tƒ kf]v jfs Y d Yt. ƒkAhns v Ifs kmf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbXrf) s r]s e ( zfmfs lv d bje) ˆt. kfv ytb ˆhQ zfïfrv vnCt �- ˆv yts bv ms L A s jfb i fKG jA d Yt bf. zk}i v bhD � kfs j s ls J ö fok u fbfs tb ˆhQ hts tb, zfmfv jbAfv ðHfomb s rfj. zk}i v d kd b kfs j d bsu v Ffb zKhf hfm i fs w hnfs tb. kfvi v d kd b kfs j jfs b jfs b s ofi s b d jYc hts tb. Ifs kmf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbXrf) s u fs vs wfs v j]fls k zfv ý jvt. nckvfQ d kd b kfv zd ²¿vkf s ls J i cbhG fv kfs j jfs b jfs b d jYc hts tb. Is t ( ˆhfv) s n rfns k tfot. ( zfs qwf hs tb, ) zk}i v zfd m Ifs kmfs j httfm , vfnCtcïfr � kf]v ²ÃDs lv mfs U ( kfs lvs j hfl d ls q) s kfmfs j s ofi s b d jYc htfv u bA s hs Y s bWqf ns Ù¶W kcd m jf]lY? kfvi v vfnCtcïfr � pJb …s E s os tb, kJb zfd m kfs j httfm , ` vfnCtcïfr � s kfmfs j jD hts tb?' s n htt, ` zfd m


vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv s ofi b jKf i ajfw jvh bf.' zk}i v pJb vfnCtcïfr � ƒs §Àjft jvs tb, zfd m Ifs kmfs j httfm , ` s kfmfv i ad k zfmfv zd L jfv vs qs Y. kfƒ zfd m s kfmfs j jnm d ls q htd Y s p, kcd m zfmfs j ht, vfnCtcïfr � s kfmfs j jD hs td Ys tb?' s n htt, ` ˆJb hts k s jfb zncd hL f s bƒ. zfïfrv vnCt � i aKmhfs v jfbfjfd b jvfv nmq zfmfs j nQhfl d ls qd Ys tb s p, ªd u haf„t � i as kAj hYv ˆjhfv ( zKhf lc' hfv) js v jcvzfb s wfbfb. dj§Â ˆJb d kd b lc' hfv wcbfs tb. nckvfQ zfd m hcUs k i fvd Y s p, zfmfv mxkcA nd âjs e. nckvfQ kcd m ( s r Ifs kmf!) zfïfrs j Hq jv ˆhQ SL pG L fvB jv. s jbbf, zfd m s kfmfv u bA …Ùm zoaofmD .« nckvfQ zfd m ( ˆ jKf ðs b) s j]s l s Ittfm , pf kcd m s lJs t. zk}i v d kd b zfmfv zd ²¿vkf s ls J d äkDqhfv jfs b jfs b hts tb, ªs r Ifs kmf! kcd m d j êf i Y¦ l jv bf s p, mc' d mb bfvDs lv kcd m nlG fv rs h zKhf ˆƒ …©ms kv bfvDs lv nlG fv rs h?« nckvfQ ( ˆmb ncnQhfl ðs b) zfd m rfntfm , pf kcd m s lJs t. (hcJfv D, w èfhtD mcn dts mv )

mf zfsqwf � hstb, `zfhc hfjv � k]fv hfnf ncbXr sKsj sOfVfq nWqfv rsq ˆstb. sOfVf sKsj sbsm mndusl iashw jvstb. zk}iv bhD � ˆv dbje sostb. dkdb kJb syjjfef ƒqfmfbD yflsv Tfjf dYstb. zfêf (zfhc hfjv) kf]v syrfvfv jfiV Jcst dlsq U]csj isV k]fv lcƒ ys[v mfsU ycìb jvstb ˆhQ j]flsk tfostb. zk}iv htstb, `zfmfv mf W hfi zfibfv ubA jcvhfb srfj, sr zfïfrv bhD! zfïfr zfibfv msLA lc'de mvB ˆjdÛk jvshb bf. ˆJb sp mvB zfibfv …iv zhLfpG dYt, kf zfidb hvB j'sv dbsqsYb.'

zbA ˆj hB G bfs k d kd b hts tb, ` zfi d b s nƒ mxkcA hvB js v d bs qs Yb pfv i v zfv s jfb mxkcA s bƒ.' (hcJfv D124 2b Q , b fn f„, iamcJ)

sjfb mpGflf hf jtAfB rfkYfVf rWqfv swfsj jfâf mÄ fq zfïfrv vnCt � znc²¿ nf' l d hb zfhD zÄ ¶fs nv nfs K s lJf


jvs k s os tb. d kd b j]fls k tfos t zfïfrv vnCt � hts tb, ªkcd m j]flY jD jfvs B ?' d kd b hts tb, ` zfmfv zfwË f rq s p, s nƒ mfd es k zfmfv mvB rs h, s p mfd e s Ks j zfd m d ru vk j' s v s od Y.' (hcJfv D, zflfh)

mrfbhD � zftD �- s j mlDbfq bfs qh hfd bs q khCj pcs Ý s hv rs q pfs ¤Yb. zftD hts Yb, ` zfd m zfi bfv nfs K pcs Ý s ps k yfƒ.' zfïfrv bhD � hts Yb, ªbf.« d kd b j]fls Yb. mrfbhD � k]fs j nf§À¶bf d ls q hts Yb, ªkcd m d j yfW bf s p, rfv™ b s pmb mCnfv bfs qh rs qd Ys tb, kcd m s kmd b zfmfv bfs qh rs h? ks h zfmfv i s v s jfb bhD s bƒ.« (mcn dtm)

zs bs j lfb j' s v hV hV mpG flfv zd L jfvD rb, zs bs j lfb jvs k i fs vb bf hs t lc}s J jfâf js vb. mrfb zfïfr hs tb,

,h�0 0 ��0 0 3/J��0 C D �`20 C ��40 �-�?�0 @ 0 0 Xa�(Q��@ A @0 C C0 9��>0 @ A h0 �^�A C 0 ��40 X�:�V�@ A A C @ 0 ��C @ 0 0 �-��-?@ D 0 0 XaA ��@ A A D@ 0 ��u?A C 0 340 C �4��C @ D ��etR 0 0 h�D 0 ��@ A C 0 �40 K-.u /0 A C A {ElT H $-� <*-Q��

zKG f{, zfv ‰ s tfjs lvW ( d hv¢s Ý zd Hs pfs ov s jfb i K) s bƒ, pfvf s kfmfv d bje ˆƒ …s Üs wA ˆt s p, kcd m kfs lvs j hfrb lfb jvs h, ( pfs lvs j) kcd m hts t, ` zfmfv d bje s kfmfs lvs j zfs vfrB jvfhfv mk s jfb hfrb s bƒ.' kJb kfvf ˆmb zh²¿fq d Is v s ot s p, kfs lv y[c rs k zwa¢ hƒs k tfot ˆ lc}s J s p, kfs lv jfs Y hAq jvfv mk s jfb d jYcƒ s bƒ. (kfWhfr } 92)

mf zfs qwf vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv nfs K rÏ nIs v d Ys tb. nfs vI bfmj u fqofq ˆs n d kd b j]fls k ðv¢ jvs tb. bhD � k]fv d bje ˆs n d u Îfnf jvs tb, ªjD rs qs Y s kfmfv? j]flY s jb?« zfs qwf hts tb, ` pd l zfd m ˆ hYs v rs Ï bf zfnkfm , kfrs t Hft rk.' d kd b hts tb, ªnýhk} s kfmfv mfd nj ðv¢ rs qs Y?« zfs qwf hts tb, ` u D r]Af.' d kd b hts tb, ªˆ s kf s nƒ d u d bn, pf i as kAj


zflm - jbAfv Wi v zfïfr zd bhfpG j' s v d ls qs Yb. nckvfQ rfu Dv pfhkDq jfu jv. zhwA i d hÛ bf rWqf i pG §À kWqfI js vf bf.« (hcJfv D-mcn dtm)

ƒhafrD m ƒhs b zfècv vrmfb ƒhs b zfWI � jkxG j hd B G k, ˆjd lb zfècv vrmfb ƒhs b zfWI �- ˆv jfs Y Jfhfv zfbf rt, kJb k]fv s vfpf d Yt. d kd b hts tb, mcnzfh ƒhs b …mfƒv � wrDl rs tb. zfv d kd b d Ys tb zfmfv s ys q s waô . ( zKy) kf]s j jfIb s lWqfv mk ˆmb ˆjd e yflv d Hâ zbA d jYc i fWqf s ot bf, pf d ls q kf]v mfKf Tfjs t i f lc' d e s hv rs q pfd ¤Yt ˆhQ i f lc' d e Tfjs t mfKf s hv rs q pfd ¤Yt! kfvi v zfmfs lv u bA i xd KhDv s p i afycpG s lWqf rt, kf rt. zKhf d kd b hts tb, zfmfs lvs j i fd KG h n©i l pf s lWqf rt, kf rt. zfmfs lv zfwQjf rq s p, zfmfs lv n{js mG v ( d hd bmq) zfmfs lv u bA k¶vfd ¦ hk jvf rs qs Y. zk}i v d kd b jf]ls k tfos tb, ˆmbd j JfhfvW i d vrfv jvs tb. (hcJfv D)

zfbfn � hs tb, vnCt �- ˆv u Dhbfhnfs bv i v zfhC hfjXv d nÜDj � …mfv �- s j hts tb, ` ytcb, zfmvf …s ©m zfƒmfs bv nfs K nf[f{ jvs k pfƒ s pmb vfnCtcïfr � k]fv nfs K nf[f{ jvs k s ps kb.' nckvfQ pJb k]fvf …s ©m zfƒmfs bv jfs Y s i ]Z Ys tb, kJb d kd b s j]s l s Its tb. zk}i v k]fvf kf]s j hts tb, ` kcd m jf]lY s jb? kcd m d j u fs bf bf s p, zfïfrv jfs Y pf vs qs Y kf vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv ( lcd bqf s Ks j) zd L j …Ùm ?' d kd b …Ùv d ls tb, ` zfd m ˆ u bA jfâf jvd Y bf s p, vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv u bA zfïfrv d bje pf vs qs Y, kf zd L jkv …Ùm - - - s n jKf zfd m u fd b bf. d j§Â zfd m ˆ u bA jf]ld Y s p, zfnmfb rs k WrD zfnf há rs q s ot.' …s ©m zfƒmfb ( kf]v ˆ lc}Ju bj jKf äfvf) ‰ lc' u bs j jf]ls k hfL A jvs tb. Is t kf]vfW kf]v nfs K jf]ls k tfos tb. (mcn dtm)

ðLc mfbcNƒ bq, mpGflf [sqv swfsj ofYW sj]sl WsE! ufshv � rsk


hdBGk, d kd b hs tb, ˆjde sJucv ofsYv È]dV (J]cde) dYt. bhD � Jckhfr lfbjfst lf]dVsq kfsk srtfb dlskb. kfviv pJb (jfsEv) dmìv (³kvD j'sv) vfJf rt, kJb zfmvf lw mfsnv ofdHb …ebDv wsèv bAfq È]dVdev (jfâfv) wè ðbsk sitfm. idvswsN bhD � (dmìv rsk) sbsm dbu rfk kfv …iv vfJst sn wf§À rt.

zbA ˆj hB G bfq zfs Y, pJb u cmzfv d lb ˆt ˆhQ bhD � d m ìs vv …i v hns tb, kJb s Ju cs vv s p È]d Vv i fs w d kd b Jckhf d lskb ˆmb d yd ïs q s j]s l …E t s p, kf s Is e pfhfv …i Û Ám rs q i Vt!

zi v hB G bfq zfs Y, d wðv mk d yd ïs q …E t. nckvfQ bhD � ( d m ìv s Ks j) s bs m kfs j L s v d bu hcs j u Vfs tb. kJb s n s nƒ d wðv mk j]fls k tfot, s p d wðs j ( zflv j' s v) yci jvfs bf rq, ( kfs j yci jvfs bf rt ˆhQ ) i d vs ws N s n i ajxd k²¿ rt. vfnCtcïfr � hs tb, ªˆv jfâfv jfvB rs ¤Y ˆƒ s p, ˆ ( jfs Y s Ks j) Jckhf ðbk ( pf s Ks j s n ˆJb hd Ñk rs q i s Vs Y) . (hcJfv D)

zhwA lc}J W dhislv s[sÛ wè j'sv jfâf zKhf zSLpG rWqf …dyk bq. nf§À¶bfv ubA kfsj htf pfq sp, `kcdm lc}J jsvf bf.'

mrfbhD � d ru vs kv nÌDs j nWv- Èrfq s n jKf hs tƒ nf§À¶bf d ls qd Ys tb.

,h2D C �� ?A A A 0 .8@ 0 0 ��A 0 0 0 A�%� `2@ C �^�d�A 0 0 @ 0 3/J��0 C D ��uY@ 0A 0 ��y0 C 0 ��0 y�C @ @ `2@ C ��0 A C $��o��C 0 @ `2@ C �-�./A A 0 !�0 C��t�C CC h0 Ke�@ 0 @ 0 K2D C 0�%� �0 "40 0 �e�¡80 0 0 0 A�%� �Q0 �:��A 0 C 0 ��C @ 0 0 ��/��A D 00 0 \-�A P*g A C ¢@ D ��6��?0 @ 0 0 W�"^�0 0 0 0 <��Y0 0 C 0

3/J��0 C D ��uY@ 0A 0 �u��0 @ n <�Y�A 0 C 0 0 C�%� i60 C ��"��0 A@ @ A�%��0 e/e�B 0C X�:tB C 0 {Ecp H $-� <*-Q�� zKG f{, pd l s kfmvf kfs j ( vfnCtcïfrs j) nfrfpA bf jv, kfrs t

zfïfrƒ ( kfs j nfrfpA jvs hb s pmb d kd b) kfs j nfrfpA jsvd Ys tb s nƒ nms q, pJb zd hw¶fnDvf kfs j ( mÄ f rs k) hd r°jfv j' sv d ls qd Yt, pJb s n d Yt lc' u s bv ms L A ˆju b; pJb …Hs q ocrfv ms L A d Yt. s n kJb ö Dq nÌD ( zfhc hfjXv) s j hs td Yt, ` kcd m d hN B ´ rs qf bf.


d bÇ yqƒ zfïfr zfmfs lv ns Ì vs qs Yb.' zk}i v zfïfr kfv iad k ö Dq nf§À¶bf zhkD B G jvs tb ˆhQ ˆmb s nbflt äfvf kfs j wd ÙÁwftD jvs tb, pfs lvs j s kfmvf s lJs k i fWd b ˆhQ d kd b zd hw¶fnDs lv hfjA bDyc j' s v d ls tb, zfv zfïfrv hfB D ƒ nmc¤y vƒs tf. zfv zfïfr i vfÛ ÁmwftD , i aÎfmq. (kfWhfr } 4 0)

mrfb zfïfr d bu bhDs jW ˆjƒ jKf hs t nf§À¶bf d ls qs Yb, ,j)��@ C @ 0 �4�0 0 �j)0 A @ 0 h2D C C�%�*C h�0 0 Ke��@ 0 @ 0 Xa��@ C @ 0 0 h�0 0 w�?A 0 C 1��g @ 0 ��£D b K��:/0 A @A 0 { EGTF H

$-� W( �� zKG f{, kcd m ³ L pG L fvB jv; zfv s kfmfv ³ L pG s kf rs h zfïfrvƒ

nfrfs pA. kfs lv ( zd hw¶fs nv) u bA kcd m lc}J js vf bf ˆhQ kfs lv N Vps §Ã kcd m mb}[cB ´ rs qf bf. (b fr Xt } 127)

zfv mrfbhD � hs ts Yb, ª( s lrms b) nht mc' d mb zfïfrv d bje lchG t mc' d mb zs i [f s hwD d i aq. zfv i as kAs jv ms L A jtAfB vs qs Y. kcd m ‰ d u d bs n pkhfb rW pfs k s kfmfv …i jfv zfs Y ˆhQ zfïfrv jfs Y nfrfpA i afKG bf jv W …{nfrrDb rs qf bf. pd l s kfmfv d jYc [d k rq kfrs t ˆ jKf hs tf bf s p, ` pd l zfd m ˆ vjm jvkfm kfrs t ˆ vjm rk.' hvQ ht, zfïfrv ( d td Jk) HfoA ˆhQ d kd b pf s ys qs Yb kfƒ js vs Yb. jfvB , ` pd l' ( wè) wqkfs bv jfs u v lcqfv Jcs t s lq.« (mcn dtm)

nckvfQ ˆmb mfbcN s lvs j nf§À¶bf d ls q htf pfq s p, ` d js nv lc}J s Hs hf bf hác zfdns h s nd lb ics bf,

ˆ d bwf kJb zfhfv d kd ms v W i fs v doqfs Y ðs bf. zfs tfj W Yfqf rfd n W zwa¢ d hL fkfv lc' d e d lj,

jfM ft jJs bf vfu A td Hs Y vfu fq mfd os Y d Hj.' i [f§Às v d i aqu b d hs qfs ov nmq …¤y vs h hf mfkm j' s v jfâf ³ hL

bq. ˆ s [s Û W …d yk ³ L pG L fvB jvf, ³ L pG L fvs B v zd nqk jvf.


zfbfn � hs tb, ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆj md rtfv i fw d ls q i fv rs tb. s n ˆjd e jhs vv i fs w hs n j]fld Yt. d kd b kfs j hts tb, ªzfïfrs j Hq jv, zfv ³ L pG L v.« md rtfd e ( s pb s vs o …s E ) htt, ` ns v pfW zfmfv jfY s Ks j. zfmfv pf mcnDhk, kf s kfmfv jfs Y zfs nd b!' zfns t md rtfd e k]fs j d ybs k i fs vd b. i s v s j… kfs j htt s p, d kd b zfïfrv vnCt �! ˆjKf wcs b kfv s pb mvB lwf …i d ²¿k rt. md rtfd e zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv lvu fq ˆt. s lJt, lvu fq s jfb lfs vfqfb s bƒ. k]fv d bje …i d ²¿k rs q s n htt, ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! zfd m zfi bfs j d ybs k i fd vd b!' zfïfrv vnCt � hts tb, ªd hi s lv i aKm s yfs eƒ ³ L pG L vf rt zfnt ³ L pG .« (hcJfv D, mcn dtm, iamcJ)

mczfp d hb u fhft �- s j ƒqfmfb s i avB jvfv nmq mrfbhD � d jYc i K ˆd os q d ls k ˆhQ zd nqk jvs k k]fv nfs K s hv rs tb. mczfp d Ys tb nWqfvDs k, zfv d kd b i fs q s r]s e i K ytd Ys tb. zd nqk j' s v zhs ws N d kd b k]fs j hts tb, ªs r mczfp! kcd m rqs kf zfofmD hYv zfmfv s lJf i fs h bf. nýhk} kcd m zfmfv mnd u l W jhs vv i fw d ls q i fv rs h!« ˆ jKf ðs b zfïfrv vnCt �- ˆv nÌrfvf rs k rs h s u s b …d äo´ rs q mczfp j]fls k tfos tb. bhD � k]fs j hts tb, ªs j]s lf bf mczfp! jfvB jfâf rt wqkfs bv kvI s Ks j.« (zfr mfl, k¶fhfv fb D, dn } n r Dr fr 24 97b Q )

s wfs j- js ó mfkm j' s v j]flf ³ hL bq. s ps rkc kfs k zfïfrv kjlDs v zn§Âd óv hd r}i ajfw Os e.

vfnCtcïfr � hs ts Yb, ªmfkmjfvD md rtf pd l mvs B v i Cs hG kfWhfr bf js v, kfrs t zft- jfkvfv i fqu fmf ˆhQ i f]yVfv u fmf i d vd rkf zh²¿fq kfs j d jqfms kv d ls b lf]V jvfs bf rs h.« (mcn dtm)

d kd b hs ts Yb, ªmfbcs N v ms L A lcs ef zfyvB ˆmb i fWqf pfq, pf kfs lv s [s Û jcIvD mCtj jmG ; hQs w s Jf]ef s lWqf W mxs kv u bA mfkm j' s v jfâf jvf.« (mcn dtm)


d kd b hs ts Yb, ªpJbƒ s jfb mxkcAofmD hAd ÙÁ mxkcA hvB js v. zfv kfv i fs w lf]d Vs q s vflbjfd vB D s vflb js v ˆhQ hs t, ` W zfmfv i frfV s of! W zfmfv nlG fv s of!' zKhf zbcv™ i zfs vf d jYc hs t, kJbƒ s nƒ mxs kv u bA lc' u b d Id vñ f d bpcÙÁ jvf rq, p]fvf kfv hcs j Ocd N s ms v hts k Kfs jb, ` kcƒ d j ‰ vjm d Yd t bfd j?« (dkv dmp D)

bc' mfb d hb hfwDv � hs tb, zfècïfr ƒhs b vfWqfrfr � ( ˆjhfv) zÎfb rs q i Vs t k]fv s hfb jfâf jvs k tfos tb ˆhQ hts k tfos tb, ` W ( zfmfv) i frfV s of! W zfmfv ˆƒ s of! W zfmfv Wƒ s of!' ˆHfs h kf]v ˆjfd L j È B hB G bf jvs k tfos tb. nckvfQ pJb d kd b Îfb d Is v s i s tb, kJb hts tb, ` kcd m pf d jYc hs tY, s n n©i s jG zfmfs j i aw jvf rd ¤Yt s p, kcd m ‰ v™ i d Ys t bfdj?' (hcJfv D)

d kd b hs ts Yb, ªpfv u bA mfkm js v jfâf jvf rq, kfs j ( jhs v hf) d jqfms kv d ls b kfv u bA mfkm jvfv lv¢b wfd ²À s lWqf rs h.« (hcJfv D, mcn dtm)

vfnCtcïfr � hs ts Yb, s n zfmfs lv ltHcÙÁ bq, s p ( s wfs jv nmq) ofs t zfOfk js v, hcs jv jfi V d Y]s V ˆhQ u fs rd tqfs kv Ffs jv bAfq Ffj Yfs V. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

zfhC hcvlfr hs tb, ( kf]v d i kf) zfhC mCnf zfwzfvD � p§ÃB fq jfkv rs q zÎfb rs q i s Vb. zfv ( ‰ nmq) kf]v mfKf kf]v ˆj ²ÃDv s jfs t vfJf d Yt ˆhQ s n d y{jfv j' s v jfâf jvs k tfot. dkd b ( zÎfb Kfjfv jfvs B ) kfs j hfL f d ls k i fvs tb bf. nckvfQ pJb d kd b s ykbf d Is v s i s tb kJb hs t …E s tb, ` zfd m s nƒ md rtf s Ks j n©i jG mcÙÁ, s p md rtf s Ks j zfïfrv vnCt � n©i jG mcÙÁ rs qs Yb. d b}ns ¦ ls r zfïfrv vnCt � s nƒ md rtf s Ks j n©i jG mcÙÁ rs qs Yb, s p s wfs j …¤y ö s v mfkm j' s v jfâf js v, mfKf mcàb js v ˆhQ jfi V d Y]s V s Is t.' (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

…s ©m zfd k¶zfr bcnfƒhfr ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) hs tb, ` hfqzfs kv nmq bhD � zfmfs lv jfs Y ˆƒ zÌDjfv oarB js vs Yb s p, zfmvf


mxk hAd ÙÁv u bA mfkm jvh bf.' (hcJfv D W mcn dtm) …s ïJA s p, Hs q jfâf W s wfs j jfâfv ms L A i fKG jA ˆƒ s p, Hs qv

n©i jG Hd hN As kv nfs K. zfv s wfs jv n©i jG zkDs kv nfs K. i [f§Às v s wfjkfs i v jfâf W JcwDv jfâfv ms L A i fKG jA ˆƒ s p,

s wfjkfs i v jfâfv zwa¢ ovm ˆhQ s nƒ nmq r™ lq lc}d Jk Kfs j. zfv JcwDv jfâfv zwa¢ E f×f ˆhQ s nƒ nmq r™ lq …{Icï Kfs j.

6. lchGtkf W rkfwfv jfâf z s b j m f b c N l c h G t k f q j f â f j s v . j f … s j s i s v b f … s E j f â f

j s v , s j f b d j Y c v h A f i f s v r k f w r s q s o s t j f â f j s v . z K y ˆ m b j f â f ³ h L b q .

zkAfyfvD öfmDv jfsY ²ÃD jó sist, sn uDhbHv lchGtslv jfâf j]fsl. otfq mfs Yv j]fef ö v™ i s jfb ²ÃDv jfs Y ö fmD jó s i s t icv¢N W

lchG ts lv jfâf j]fs l. zfv i cv¢s N v jfâf d hvt rs tW, s n pJb j]fs l, kJb vs ÙÁv jfâf j]fs l.

i as kAj mfbcs N v u Dhs b jfâf zfs Y, jfâf YfVf u Dhb rq bf. u Dhs bv rfv zfs Y, nh nmq mfbcs N v d u k rq bf. nckvfQ rkfwfv zájfs vW ms b zfwfv hfd k s u ¶s t s vs J i K yts k rq.

mrfbhD � hs ts Yb, ª||||||kcd m ‰ d u d bs n pkhfb rW pfs k s kfmfv …i jfv zfs Y ˆhQ zfïfrv jfs Y nfrfpA i afKG bf jv W …{nfrrDb rs qf bf. pd l s kfmfv d jYc [d k rq kfrs t ˆ jKf hs tf bf s p, ` pd l zfd m ˆ vjm jvkfm kfrs t ˆ vjm rk.' hvQ ht, zfïfrv ( d td Jk) HfoA ˆhQ d kd b pf s ys qs Yb kfƒ js vs Yb. jfvB , ` pd l' ( wè) wqkfs bv jfs u v lcqfv Jcs t s lq.« (mcn dtm)

jd hv ms kf …{nfr s vs J hts k rq, ` zfd m Hq jvh bf, Hq jvh bf

lc' s htf mvfv zfs o mvh bf Hfƒ mvh bf.


kvD Jfbf hfƒs k s os t, mfs U mfs U kcIfb s ms t---

kfƒ hs t rft s Ys V d ls q jfâfjfd e jvh bf.' d bs u v Hcs t u Dhs bv ö i ´ s Hs Ì s os Y, h]fL f Ov s Hs Ì s os Y, jk

sbfjnfb rs q s os Y. pf rs qs Y, kf hs q s os Y. kf s kf zfv d Ivs h bf. ` d ms Y jfâfq jD It zfv,

pfs k bf s Hfo icb}i cb} kfvƒ …i fq jv nfv.' ms bv …lAm d Id vs q ˆs b hts k rs h,

` i s Kv j]fef mfbh bf bDvs h pfh, r™ lq- hAKfq j]flh bf bDvs h pfh.'

7. stfj-slJfdb jfâf zs bj s tfj zfs Y, pfvf ö fs KG v Jfd ks v s tfj- s lJfd b jfâf j]fs l.

s tfjs j s ld Js q ` r]f…mf…' j' s v j]fs l d E jƒ, d j§Â s yfs J s jfb zwa¢ oVfq bf. d md Yd md Y s yfJ mcs Y d E jƒ, d j§Â v¢mfs t s jfb i fd b Kfs j bf.

ˆmb jfâf s p d m KAf, kf nrs u L vf i s V pfq. zfvhD jd h hs ts Yb, �`2 9:�QM� ¤-4\ \�d … ��? 34 �:* 3£ �Y��?

zKG f{, ofs t pJb zwa¢ od Vs q i Vs h, kJbƒ u fbf pfs h, s j nd kA j]fls Y, s j d m KAf j]fls Y.

zs bs j d m Yf jfâfW nkA j' s vƒ j]fls k i fs v. kfs lv s yfs J i fd bW zfs n. s yfs J s jfb s jd ms jt tfd os q bq, ˆmd bƒ ƒ¤Yf- wd ÙÁs k kfs lv s yfs J i fd b zfs n!

zs bs jv s yfs Jv i fd b d E j d hN qDHcÙÁ jfâfv u bA bq. kf rqs kf zbA s jfb lc}J ±mvB j' s v. i s vv s Ys tv u bA j]fls k d os q d bs u v rfvfs bf s Ys tv jKf ±mvB j' s v j]fs l.

zs bs j zbA d jYc jfâfv jfvB ±mvB j' s v j]fs l. s pmb ˆj ùu cv hÙxÁkf jvd Ys tb. rE f{ j' s v ˆj hAd ÙÁ s j]s l …E t. hÙÁf Hfhs tb,


k]fv hÙÁxkfq hV i aHfh i s Vs Y. nckvfQ d kd b zfs vf s u fswv nfs K hÙÁxkf jvs k jvs k hts tb, ` jcvzfb- rflDs nv jKf ðs b d E j …bfv mk i aHfd hk rs k rs h, ks hƒ ms bv i d vhkG b zfns h.' d j§Â s tfjd e htt, ` zfd m s kf zfi bfv hÙÁxkf ðs b j]fd ld b. zfd m zfi bfv lfd V d rtfs bf s ls J s j]s ld Y. zfmfv ˆjef d hvfe Jfd n d Yt. kfv zfi bfv ms kf tìf lfd V d Yt. s n i fkf s Js t ‰ vjm lfd V d rtfs kf. s n rE f{ j' s v s jfb s vfs o mfvf s os Y. kfƒ zfi bfv lfd V d rd ts q jKf hts k s ls J s nƒ Jfd nv jKf ms b i s V s os t zfmfv jfâf ˆs n s ot!'

ˆj i fJD d wjfvD i fJD L s v i cd Vs q i cd Vs q s Js kf. kf s ls J i fJDvf …s V …s V tcd js q s hVfs kf. ˆjhfv hvI- wDs kv d ls b i fJD s ms v s Uftfq vfJd Yt. wDs kv jfvs B kfv s yfJ s Ks j i fd b i Vd Yt. ˆj i fJD zi v i fJDs j htt, ` s tfjefv ms b ˆhfv lqf rs qs Y. ‰ s ls Jf W j]fls Y. zfv hcd U d wjfv jvs h bf.' zi v i fJDd e htt, ` Wv s yfs Jv i fd b s ls Jf bf, Wv rfs kv jfu s ls Jf.'

ˆj d HJfd vB D d H[f jvs k ˆs ns Y ˆj oxd rB Dv hfd Vs k. oxd rB D kJb vfâfv i a²Âd k d bs q jfefjcd e jvd Yt. s n d H[f bf d ls q u hfh d lt. d j§Â d HJfd vB D bfs YfV hf¦ lD . s n d bs u lcvh²¿fv jKf hts k tfot, ` zfd m d hL hf s ms q. zfmfv Os v s Yfe hf¤yf. kfv zfhfv zncJ. lc' d lb s Ks j bf JfWqf zfs Y||||.'

d j§Â oxd rB D zfhfvW u hfh d ls q htt, ` httfm bf, zbA Ov s lJ.' dHJfdvBD htt, `zfdm skf skfmfv syfsJv ifdb slsJ Hfhtfm, zfmfv

lc}sJ skfmfv iafB dHsusY mf! dj§Â kcdm uhfh dlsq kfdVsq dl¤Y.' oxd rB D htt, ` zfmfv s yfs J i fd b d j s kfmfv lc}s Jv jfncd ¦ l ðs b

zfns Y? zfd m d i ]qfu jfed Y hs t zfns Y!' jcd ms vv s yfs J i fd b s ls J ˆ L fvB f Hct s p, s n j]fls Y. jfvB ˆ i fd b

kfv i fd bs k Fch s lWqfv nmq s yfs J s Ks j pfWqf i fd b. ˆ u bAƒ s kf


bjt bqbfwa¢s j ` jcd ývfwa¢' hs t. zfv nfL fvB k} s n zwa¢ rq Ytbfv. zi vs j ëó W i akfd vk jvfv u bA s nƒ zwa¢ hAhrfv jvf rq. nfL fvB k} YtbfmqDvf ˆv näAhrfv j' s v Kfs j.

s wafkfhxs ¦ lv mfs U i aHfh nxd ó jvfv …s Üs wA s jfb s jfb hÙÁf ˆƒ s waB Dv zwa¢ hAhrfv j' s v Kfs jb. zfns t kfs k d j§Â wqkfb rfs n. ÎfbDvf hs ts Yb, ` s kfmfv …i s v Yq nms q wqkfs bv rfd n s Ks j nfhL fb s Ks jf; vfs ov nmq, os hG v nmq, ks jG v nmq, s tfjmcs J s kfmfv i awQnfv nmq, hÙxÁkfjfs t …s Ùu bfv nmq ˆhQ bnDrkjfs t j]flfv nmq.'

ˆmb jk jfâf rq, pf s j]s l mfbcN s j s L ]fjf s lWqf rq. jk jfâf rq zd Hbs qv jfâf. zft- jcvzfs b hd B G k i ad nÝ jfd rbD ƒ…ncI �- ˆv jfd rbD . kfs k kfv Hfƒs qvf yÛ Áf§À j' s v k]fs j d bs q d os q jcqfs k s Is t d lt. kfvi v k]fv u fmfq d m KAf vÙÁ tfd os q d lt.

, K-:�/ �� X6�*� ��^�0 A 0@ 0 0 0 0R @ AC A 0EGz H �@ � 0��-/ ��0 Y�?� A1�Q�� 0 �6` ��2 ��*� �/ �-��>0 0 0 0 D 0C A 0 @A 0 @ 0 0@ C 0 0 0C 0 A�>\�) �D Y -�� 0 � 34r* 9�� 4� S=J�� Y¡8 �0 ��Q40 @ 0C C C C0 @ 0 0 A AA @ 00 0 0g A 0 0C 0@ 00 b 0{E GFH

kfvf vfs k jf]ls k jf]ls k kfs lv d i kfv d bje ˆt. kfvf htt, ` s r zfmfs lv d i kf! zfmvf s lZ V- i ad ks pfd okf jvd Ytfm ˆhQ ƒ…ncIs j zfmfs lv mfti s Û v d bje s vs J d os qd Ytfm , zk}i v s bjs V hfO kfs j s Js q s Is ts Y; d j§Â zfi d b s kf zfmfs lvs j d hÇ hfn jvs hb bf; pd lW zfmvf nkAhflD .' (ƒ …n cI } 16-17)

zfvs h u fs rtD pcs o jfâfv u bA HfVfd eqf d htfd i bD i fWqf s pk. i ad nd Ýv u bA s nƒ d htfd i bD d ls q j]fd ls q s tfj- nmfs u bfm jcVfs bf s ps kf, s pmb hkG mfs b mvfhfd Vs k d hvfe s Hfu j' s v zKhf mDtfl zbcôfb j' s v bfm jcVfs bf rq.

ˆƒ s waB Dv HfVfd eqf d htfd i bDv u bA …mfv � hs ts Yb, ` s n d bs u v s yfs Jv i fd b d hd Û Á js v ˆhQ i s vv s wfs j j]fs l.' (dmb rf ucn n câ f r 4/5 5 2 )


zfmfs lv s ls w zhwA HfVfd eqf d htfd i bD i fWqf pfq bf. ks h ˆmb ncl[ d htfd i bD zfs Y, s p ˆj i fk s Hfs u v u bA lCs v- zlCs v zs bj mvfhfd Vs k …i d ²¿k rs q …ÙÁv™ i jfâf j]fls k i fs v. mfkm j' s v j]fls k hV i fvld wG bD ˆƒ s waB Dv md rtfvf. h]fw ktfs k dhqt ofƒ, s nƒ n©i s jG mfmfs kf Hfƒs qv mvf Jhv ðs bW j]fls k pfq kfvf. mfnDv mfs qv hjct Ics tv s hfbs i f- hs qv s hfbd U- u fmfƒ mvfv s wfs jW rfd u v rs q mfqfjfâf s lJfq kfvf!

d j§Â HfVf jvf s wfj- d htfd i bDv jfâf d j hfi - mf hf ö fmD- rfvf s ms qv jfâfv nmfb rq? j[ B ƒ bf. s pmb nmfb rq bf mf- hfi rfvf n§Àfs bv lczf W HfVfd eqf ùu cs vv lczf.

8. slJfsldJ jfâf zs bj s tfj zfs Y, pfs lv jfâf s ls J jfâf zfs n. jfvB pfƒ s rfj,

s yfs Jv i fd b s lJs tƒ kfs lv s yfs J i fd b zfs n. s pmb rfd n s ls J zs bs jv rfd n zfs n, s kmd b jfâfW.

d i aqkm hAd ÙÁv jfâfv jfvB bf s u s bƒ kfv lc}J W jfâf sls J bvm ms bv mfbcN s lv jfâf zfnf ö fHfd hj. s pmb nfrfhfoB � mrfbhD �-ˆv jfâf s ls J j]fls kb.

9. zfIsnfn W zbckfsiv jfâf s jfb Hct j' s v zfs [s i v Is t, s jfb zi vfL j' s v wfd ²À s i s q

zfIs nfn j' s v, s jfb i fi j' s v zbckå rs q kWhf j' s v jfâf j' s v Kfs j zs bj i fi D - kfi D zfïfrv hf¦ lf. s pmb nfrfhD jf' h d hb mfs tj s j]s ld Ys tb. vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv nfs K pcs Ý bf pfWqfv zi vfs L d kd b zi vfL D d Ys tb. mrfbhD �- ˆv zfs lwÛ Ás m nmfu k]fv W k]fv nfKDs lv nfs K 5 0 d lb hqje js vd Yt. ˆmbd j k]fs lv nfs K ˆjd e s tfjW jKf i pG §À htk bf, nftfm jvs t nftfs mv u hfhW d lk bf.


k]fs lv ²ÃDs lvs j i pG §À k]fs lv jfY s O]ns k mfbf j' s v slWqf rs qd Yt! zfv s nƒ kfVbfq d kd b hù jfâf s j]s ld Ys tb. i d vs ws N k]fv kWhf jhct rs qd Yt. d h²Àfd vk Oebf d bmv™ i }-

jf' h ƒhs b mfs ts jv i cÛ zfècïfr s Ks j hd B G k, ˆƒ zfècïfr jf' h �- ˆv s Ys ts lv ms L A kf]v i d vyftj d Ys tb, pJb d kd b zá rsq pfb. d kd b ( zfècïfr) hs tb, zfd m ( zfmfv d i kf) jf' h ƒhs b mfs tjs j ‰ Oebf hB G bf jvs k ðs bd Y, pJb d kd b kfhCs jv pcs Ý vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d i Ys b s Ks j pfb. d kd b hs tb, ` zfd m kfhCj pcÝ YfVf s p pcÝƒ vfnCtcïfr � js vs Yb, kfs k jJbƒ k]fv d i Ys b Kfd jd b. zhwA hls vv pcÝ s Ks j zfd m d i Ys b vs q d os qd Ytfm . d j§Â hls vv pcs Ý s p zQwoarB js vd b, kfs j H{G nbf jvf rqd b. zfnt hAfi fv d Yt vfnCtcïfr � W mcnd tm oB jcvfƒs wv jfs Itfv i Ç yfÝfhs b s hv rs qd Ys tb. ( ðv¢s k pcs Ýv d bqk d Yt bf.) i d vs ws N zfïfr kfzftf k]fs lvs j W k]fs lv wÛ ¢s j ( i ChG s Ofd N k) smqfl YfVfƒ ˆjd Û k js vd Ys tb. zfd m zfj¶fhfv vfs k ( d mbfq) vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv nfs K …i d ²¿k d Ytfm , pJb zfmvf ƒntfs mv …i v i ad kÎfhÝ rs qd Ytfm . zfj¶fhfv vfk zs i [f zfmfv d bjs e hls vv …i d ²¿d k s hwD d i aq d Yt bf. pd lW hlv ( zd Hpfb) s tfj mfs U Wv yfƒs k s hwD i ad nÝ. ( jf' h hs tb, ) zfv zfmfv kfhCs jv pcs Ý vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d i Ys b Kfjfv Oebf ˆv™ i s p, ˆƒ pcÝ rs k d i Ys b Kfjfv nmq zfd m pkef nm KG W n¤Yt d Ytfm zbA s jfb nmq d Ytfm bf. zfïfrv jnm ! ˆv i Cs hG zfmfv d bje jJs bf lc' d e nWqfvD ( hfrb) ˆjd Û k rqd b. d j§Â ˆƒ ( pcs Ýv) nms q ˆjƒ ns Ì lc' d e nWqfvD zfmfv d bje m Wu cl d Yt. vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bqm d Yt, pJb d kd b s jfb pcs Ý s hv rWqfv ƒ¤Yf jvs kb, kJb ` kfWd vqf' jvs kb ( zKG f{ nIs vv o§ÀhA²¿s tv bfm s ofi b s vs J nfL fvB zbA ²¿fs bv bfm d bs kb, pfs k wÛ ¢vf s ev bf


i fq) . ˆƒ pcÝ ˆƒHfs h ys t ˆt. vfnCtcïfr � HDN B ovs m ˆƒ pcs Ý s hv rs tb ˆhQ lCvhkG D nIv W lDOG mv¢HCd mv n©mcJDb rs tb. zfv hù nQ JAj wÛ ¢vW n©mcJDb rs tb. ˆƒ u bA d kd b mcntmfbs lv nfms b d hN qd e ±i ó j' s v d ls tb; pfs k k]fvf s nƒ zbcpfqD ps Kfd yk i a²Âd k oarB js vb. Is t d kd b s nƒ d ljW hs t d ls tb, s pd ls j pfhfv ƒ¤Yf js vs Yb. vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv ns Ì zs bj mcntmfb d Ys tb ˆhQ kfs lv jfs Y s jfb rfd u vf hd r d Yt bf, pfs k kfs lv bfmnmCr s tJf rs h. ˆƒ u bA s p hAd ÙÁ ( pcs Ý) zbci d ²¿k Kfjk, s n ˆƒ L fvB fƒ jvk s p, zfïfrv zrD zhkD B G YfVf kfv zbci d ²¿d kv jKf È å Kfjs h. vfnCtcïfr � ˆƒ pcÝ It- i fjfv s mZ ns m js vd Ys tb ˆhQ s n nmq ( ofs Yv) YfqfW …{jxó ( W d i aq) d Yt, zfv zfmfv efbW d Yt s nƒ It W Yfqfv d ls j. nckvfQ vfnCtcïfr � W mcntmfs bvf ( pcs Ýv u bA) i a²Âd k d bs tb. zfv ( zfmfv ˆƒ zh²¿f d Yt s p, ) zfd m njfs t zfnkfm , s pb vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv ns Ì zfd m W ( pcs Ýv) i a²Âd k d bƒ. d j§Â s jfb Ifqnftf bf js vƒ zfd m ( hfVD ) d Is v zfnkfm ˆhQ ms b ms b htkfm s p, zfd m pJbƒ ƒ¤Yf jvh, pcs Ý wfd mt rs q pfh. s jbbf, zfd m ˆv [ mkf vfd J. zfmfv ˆƒ od Vmd n zh²¿f zhAfrk vƒt ˆhQ s tfs jvf d u rfs lv zfs qfu s b i ahxÙ Kfjs tb.

zk}i v vfnCtcïfr � W mcntmfs bvf ˆjd lb njfs t d u rfs l s hd vs q i Vs tb ˆhQ zfd m i a²Âd kv hAfi fs v s jfb d nÝfs §Àƒ …i bDk rs k i fvtfm bf. zfd m zfhfv njfs t ˆtfm ˆhQ d hbf d nÝfs§Àƒ ( hfVD ) d Is v s otfm . nckvfQ zfmfv ˆƒ zh²¿f zhAfrk s Ksj s ot. Wd ls j mcnd tm s nbfvf la¢kod ks k zfs o hfVs k Kfjt ˆhQ pcs Ýv hAfi fvW Û Ámw} ˆÈs k tfot. zfd m ƒ¤Yf jvtfm s p, zfd m W nIs v vWqfbf rs q kfs lv nÌ s i s q d bƒ. rfq! pd l zfd m kfƒ jvkfm ( kfrs t jkƒ bf Hft rk) . d j§Â êf zfmfv Hfs oA rs q …E t bf.


ˆd ls j vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv ys t pfWqfv i v pJbƒ zfd m s tfs jv mfs U zfnkfm , kJb ˆ u bAƒ lc}d Jk W d yd §Àk rkfm s p, ˆJb ( mlDbfq) zfmfv nfms b s jfb zflwG zfs Y s kf s jhtmfÛ mcbfd Ij d jQ hf ˆk lchG t hAd ÙÁvf, pfs lvs j zfïfr [ mfrG hf zi fvo hs t oB A js vs Yb.

n©iCBG vf²Àf vnCt � zfmfsj n¹vB jvstb bf. kfhCj si]ZsY pJb dkdb stfsjv mfsU hsndYstb, kJb zfmfsj n¹vB jvstb ˆhQ htstb, ªjf'h dhb mfstsjv jD rsqsY?« hfbc nfstmfr (sofsÛv) ˆjde stfj hst …Et, ªsr zfïfrv vnCt! kfv lcƒ yflv ˆhQ lcƒ ifw¶G lwGb (zKGf{ Lb W kfv zrËfv) kfsj zfesj dlsqsY.« (ˆ jKf ðsb) mczfp dhb ufhft � htstb, ªhfsu jKf htst kcdm. zfïfrv jnm, sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfmvf kfv hAfifsv Hft YfVf zbA djYc ufdb bf.« vnCt � bDvh Kfjstb.

ˆnh jKfhfkG f ytd Yt ˆmkfh²¿fq d kd b ˆjd e s tfjs j nflf s i fwfj i s v ( mv¢HCd mv) mvDd yjf s Hl j' s v zfns k s lJs tb. vfnCtcïfr � hts tb, ªkcd m s pb zfhC Jfƒnfmfr rW.« ( s lJf s ot, ) nd kAjfs v d kd b zfhC Jfƒnfmfr zfbnfvD ƒ d Ys tb. zfv d kdb s nƒ hAd ÙÁ d Ys tb, d pd b ˆjhfv zfVfƒ d js tf s Ju cv nljfr js vd Ys tb hs t mcbfd Ijvf ( kf z¬i ms b js v) kf]s j d hla™ i js vd Yt.'

jf'h hstb, `zk}iv pJb zfdm nQhfl sitfm sp, vfnCtcïfr � kfhCj sKsj dIvfv nIv ðv¢ j'sv dlsqsYb, kJb zfmfv msb jdEb lcdÇy§Àf ˆsn …id²¿k rt ˆhQ dmKAf zucrfk siw jvfv dy§Àf jvsk tfotfm ˆhQ msb msb htsk tfotfm sp, zfofmD jft pJb vnCt � dIvshb, sn nmq zfdm kf]v svfNfbt sKsj hf]yh jD …ifsq? zfv ˆ hAfifsv zfdm idvhfsvv iaskAj hcdÝmfb mfbcsNv nrspfdokf yfƒsk tfotfm. zk}iv pJb htf rt sp, vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv zfomb ˆjlm dbjehkDG, kJb zfmfv z§Àv sKsj hfdkt (idvj¬ibf) lCv rsq sot.


ˆmbdj zfdm hcUsk ifvtfm sp, dmKAf hst zfdm jJbƒ hf]ysk ifvh bf. nckvfQ zfdm nkA htfv lxP nË¬i j'sv dbtfm. ˆdlsj vfnCtcïfr � njfst (mlDbfq) ilfiGB jvstb. k]fv zHAfn dYt, pJb dkdb nIv sKsj (hfdV) dIvskb, kJb nhGiaKm mndusl lc' vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb. kfviv (nIsvv dhswN dhswN Jhv swfbfhfv ubA) stfsjslv ubA hnskb. nckvfQ ˆƒ nIv sKsj dIsvW pJb iChGh{ jfu jvstb, kJb mcbfsIjvf ˆsn k]fv dbje Wuv-zfidÙ siw jvsk tfot ˆhQ jnm sJsk zfvý jvt. ˆvf nQJAfq zfdw usbv djYc shwD dYt. vfnCtcïfr � kfslv hfdrAj Wuv oarB jsv dbstb, kfslv hfqzfk dbstb, kfslv ubA (zfïfrv jfsY) [mf iafKGbf jvstb ˆhQ kfslv sofibDq zh²¿f zfïfrsj n]si dlstb. zhswsN zfdmW kf]v dJlmsk rfduv rtfm. zk}iv pJb zfdm kf]sj nftfm dltfm, kJb dkdb vfofd¦hk hAdÙÁv rfdnv mk mcydj rfnstb. zk}iv dkdb htstb, ªnfmsb ˆsnf!« zfdm kf]v nfmsb ˆsn hsn iVtfm. dkdb zfmfsj duÎfnf jvstb, ªkcdm sjb durfl sKsj diYsb vsq sost? kcdm dj hfrb ÛÁq jvdb?« zfdm httfm, ªsr zfïfrv vnCt! zfïfrv jnm! zfdm pdl zfidb YfVf lcdbqfv zbA sjfb stfsjv jfsY hnkfm, kfrst dbdÇykHfsh sjfb dmKAf Wuv siw jsv kfv zn§Âdó sKsj sh]sy spkfm. hfjXyfkcpG (hf kjG-dhkjG jvf)v zdHÎkf zfmfv psKó vsqsY. dj§Â zfïfrv jnm! zfdm ufdb sp, pdl zfu zfibfv nfmsb dmKAf hdt, pfsk zfidb zfmfv iadk n§Âó rsq pfshb, kfrst zdk nk¶v zfïfr kf'zftf (zrD äfvf nQhfl dlsq) zfibfsj zfmfv …iv zn§Âó j'sv slshb. i[f§Àsv zfdm pdl zfibfsj nkA jKf hdt, kfrst zfidb zfmfv …iv zn§Âó rshb. dj§Â zfdm zfïfrv dbje ˆv ncIstv zfwf vfdJ. (snsrkc zfdm nkA jKf htdY sp,) zfïfrv jnm! (zfibfv nfsK durfsl pfWqfv


hAfifsv) zfmfv sjfb zncdhLf dYt bf. zfïfrv jnm! zfibfv nfK sYsV diYsb Kfjfv nmq zfdm pkef nmKG W n¤Yt dYtfm kkef jJsbf dYtfm bf.« vfnCtcïfr � htstb, ªˆƒ stfjde dbdÇykHfsh nkA jKf hstsY. shw, kcdm ˆJfb sKsj yst pfW, sp ipG§À skfmfv hAfifsv zfïfr kfzftf sjfb Ifqnftf bf jvshb.«

zfmfv d i Ys b d i Ys b hbc nfs tmfr ( s ofs Û v) d jYc s tfj ˆt ˆhQ zfmfs j htt s p, ªzfïfrv jnm ! zfmvf zhok bƒ s p, kcd m ˆv i Cs hG s jfb i fi js vY. zbAfbA d i Ys b s Ks j pfWqf s tfs jslv Wu v s i w jvfv mk kcd m W s jfb Wu v s i w jvs t bf s jb? s kfmfv i fi s mfys bv u bA êfƒ ps Kó d Yt s p, vfnCtcïfr � s kfmfv u bA ( zfïfrv d bje) [ mf i afKG bf jvs kb.« jf' h hs tb, ` zfïfrv jnm ! s tfs jvf zfmfs j zfmfv nkA jKf htfv u bA d kvõ fv jvs k Kfjt. i d vs ws N zfmfv ƒ¤Yf rt s p, zfd m d äkDqhfv vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv jfs Y d os q i aKm jKf zö Djfv jd v ( ˆhQ s jfb d m KAf Wu v s i w j' s v d lƒ.) zfhfv zfd m kfs lvs j httfm , ªzfmfv ˆ Oebf d j zbA jfs vf nfs K Os es Y?« kf]vf hts tb, ªrA]f. s kfmfv mk zfs vf lc' u b nmnAfq i s Vs Y. ( vnCt �- ˆv d bjs e) kfvfW s nƒ jKf hs ts Y, pf kcd m hs tY ˆhQ kfs lvs j s nƒ jKfƒ htf rs qs Y, pf s kfmfs j htf rs qsY.« zfd m kfs lvs j httfm , ªkfvf lc' u b s j?« kfvf htt, ªmcvfvfr ƒhs b vfhD ' zfmXvD W d rtft ƒhs b …mfƒqAfr Wqfs j¶ID .« ˆƒ lc' u b p]fs lv jKf kfvf zfmfv jfs Y hB G bf jvt, k]fvf n{s tfj d Ys tb ˆhQ hlv pcs Ý zQw d bs qd Ys tb; k]fs lv ms L A zfmfv u bA zflwG d Yt. pJb kfvf s n lc' u b hAd ÙÁv jKf htt, kJb zfd m zfmfv i Cs hG jfv zh²¿fv ( ns kAv) …i v zbV s Ks j s otfm ( ˆhQ zfmfv d jQjkG hAd hmCPkf lCvDHCk rt. pfs k zfd m kfs lv H{G nbfv jfvs B i d kk rs qd Ytfm ) . ( ˆvi v) vfnCtcïfr � s tfjs lvs j d i Ys b


zh²¿fbjfvDs lv ms L A zfmfs lv d kbu s bv nfs K jKfhfkG f hts k d bs N L j' s v d ls tb.'

jf' h � hs tb, ` s tfs jvf zfmfs lv s Ks j i xKj rs q s ot.' zKhf hts tb, ` s tfs jvf zfmfs lv u bA i d vhkG b rs q s ot. i d vs wsN i xd KhD zfmfv u bA zfmfv z§Às v zi d vd yk ms b rs k tfot. s pb êf s nƒ i xd KhD bq, pf zfmfv i d vd yk d Yt. ˆƒHfs h zfmvf 5 0 d e vfk jfeftfm . zfmfv lcƒ nfKDvf s kf bvm rs q Os vv ms L A jfâfjfd e zfvý j' s v d ls tb. d j§Â zfd m ls tv ms L A nhs ys q pchj W hd tô d Ytfm . Is t zfd m Ov s Ks j s hv rs q mcntmfbs lv nfs K bfmfs p rfd u v rkfm ˆhQ hfu fvnmCs r s Ofvfs Ivf jvkfm . d j§Â s j… zfmfv ns Ì jKf htk bf. zfd m vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d Jlms k rfd u v rkfm ˆhQ d kd b pJb bfmfs pv i v hns kb, kJb kf]s j nftfm d lkfm , zfv zfd m ms b ms b htkfm s p, d kd b zfmfv nftfs mv u Wqfs h s E]fe bVfs ¤Yb d j bf? kfvi v zfd m kf]v d bjs eƒ bfmfp i Vkfm ˆhQ zfVs yfs J kf]s j s lJkfm . ( s lJkfm , ) pJb zfd m bfmfs p msbfs pfoD rd ¤Y, kJb d kd b zfmfv d ls j kfjfs ¤Yb ˆhQ pJb zfd m kf]v d ls j lxd ó d Ivfd ¤Y, kJb d kd b zfmfv s Ks j mcJ d Id vs q d bs ¤Yb!

zhs ws N pJb zfmfv nfs K mcnd tms lv d hmcJkf lDOG rs q s ot, kJb ˆjd lb zfd m zfhC j¶fkflfr �- ˆv hfofs b s lWqft d Fd M s q ( kfs k i as hw jvtfm .) s n ( zfhC j¶fkflfr) zfmfv yfyfs kf Hfƒ ˆhQ zfmfv nhG fd L j d i aq s tfj d Yt. zfd m kfs j nftfm d ltfm . d j§Â zfïfrv jnm ! s n zfmfv nftfs mv u Wqfh d lt bf. zfd m kfsj httfm , ªs r zfhC j¶fkflfr! zfd m s kfmfs j zfïfrv jnm dls q d u Îfnf jvd Y, kcd m d j u fb s p, zfd m zfïfr ˆhQ kf]v vnCt �- s j Hfthfd n?« s n d bv¢Ùv Kfjt. zfd m d äkDqhfv jnm d ls q d u Îfnf jvtfm . ˆhfs vW s n yci Kfjt. zfd m kxkDqhfv jnm d ls q ias wv


i cbvfhxd Ù jvs t s n htt, ªzfïfr W kf]v vnCtƒ s hwD u fsbb.« ˆ jKf ðs b zfmfv y[cäq s Ks j zwa¢ hƒs k tfot ˆhQ s pHfs h d os qd Ytfm , zfd m s nƒHfs hƒ s lWqft d Fd M s q d Is v ˆtfm .

ˆvƒ ms L A ˆjd lb mlDbfv hfu fs v r]fed Ytfm . ˆmb nmq wfm s ls wv jxN js lv ms L A ˆju b jxN js j- - - s p mlDbfq JflAlahA d hd Û Á jvs k ˆs nd Yt- - - hts k ðbtfm , s j zfmfs j jf' h d hb mfs tjsj s ld Js q s ls h? s tfs jvf zfmfv d ls j ƒd Ìk jvs k tfot. Is t s n hAd ÙÁ zfmfv d bjs e ˆs n zfmfs j ` ofnXnfb' - ˆv hflwfv ˆjJfd b i Û d lt. zfd m d tJf- i Vf u fbkfm , kfƒ zfd m i Û Jfd b i Vtfm . is Û d tJf d Yt, `--- zk}iv zfmvf ˆƒ nQhfl sisqdY sp, zfibfv nÌD (mcrf©mfl) zfibfv iadk lchGAhrfv jsvsY. zfïfr zfibfsj tfdÒk W hdÑk zh²¿fq Kfjfv ubA nxdó jsvbdb. zfidb zfmfslv jfsY yst zfncb; zfmvf zfibfv iadk nrfbcHCdk ialwGb jvh.'

iÛ isV zfdm httfm, `êfW zbA ˆj hftf (ivD[f).' nckvfQ zfdm Wefsj ycstfq sIst u¶fdtsq dltfm. zk}iv pJb 50 dlsbv msLA 40 dlb ok rsq sot ˆhQ zrD zfnf há dYt---ˆƒ zh²¿fq vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv ˆjub lCk zfmfv dbje ˆsn htt, ªvfnCtcïfr � skfmfsj skfmfv ²ÃD sKsj ixKj Kfjfv zfslw dls¤Yb!« zfdm duÎfnf jvtfm, ªzfdm dj kfsj kftfj slh, bf dj jvh?« sn htt, ªkftfj bq hvQ kfv dbje sKsj zftflf Kfjsh, smfseƒ Wv dbjehkDG rsh bf.« zfmfv lcƒ nfKDv dbjseW ˆƒ hfkGf si]ZsY dlstb. zfdm zfmfv ²ÃDsj httfm, ªkcdm diÛftsq yst pfW ˆhQ snJfsb zh²¿fb jv---sp ipG§À zfïfr kfzftf ˆ hAfifsv sjfb Ifqnftf bf jsvb.« (zfmfv nfKDäsqv msLA ˆjub nfKD) drtft dhb …mfƒqfv ²ÃD vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv jfsY ˆsn htt, ªƒqf vfnCtfïfr! drtft dhb …mfƒqfr Jchƒ hxÝ mfbcN, kfv sjfb JfslmW sbƒ, snsrkc zfdm pdl


kfv dJlmk jdv, ksh zfidb dj êf ziY¦l jvshb?« dkdb htstb, ªbf, (zKGf{ kcdm kfv dJlmk jvsk ifv.) dj§Â sn spb skfmfv (dmtb …sÜswA) dbjehkGD bf rq.« (drtfstv ²ÃD) htt, ªzfïfrv jnm! (lc}sJv jfvsB ˆ hAfifsv) kfv sjfb ndÛÁqkf sbƒ. zfïfrv jnm! pJb sKsj ˆ hAfifv OsesY, kJb sKsj zfu ipG§À sn nhGlf jf]lsY.«

( jf' h hs tb, ) ` zfmfs j zfmfv i d vhfs vv d jYc s tfj htt s p, ªkcd m W pd l d bu ²ÃDv hAfi fs v vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bje zbcmd k yfƒs k, ( kfrs t kf s kfmfv i s [ Hft rk.) d kd b d rtft d hb …mfƒqfv ²ÃDs j s kf kfv d Jlmk jvfv zbcmd k d ls q d ls qs Yb.« zfd m httfm , ªˆ hAfi fs v zfd m vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bje zbcmd k yfƒh bf. u fd b bf, pJb zfd m vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bjs e zbcmd k yfƒh, kJb d kd b jD hts hb. jfvB , zfd m s kf pchj mfbcN .«

ˆHfs h zfvW lwd lb s js e s ot. pJb s Ks j s tfjs lvs j zfmfs lv ns Ì jKfhfkG f hts k d bs N L jvf rs qs Y, kJb s Ks j ˆ i pG §À zfmfs lv i Ñfw vfk i CB G rs q s ot. zfd m i Ñfwkm vfs k zfmfs lv ˆj Os vv Yfs lv …i v Iu s vv bfmfp i Vtfm . bfmfp i Vfv i v zfd m ˆmb zh²¿fq hs n zfd Y pfv hB G bf zfïfr kfzftf zfmfs lv hAfi fs v d ls qs Yb- - - zfmfv u Dhb zfmfv u bA lcd hG N r rs q i s Vd Yt ˆhQ i xd KhD i aw²À rWqf ns Ù¶W zfmfv i ad k nQjD B G rs q …s E d Yt- - - ˆmb nmq zfd m ˆj d y{jfvjfvDv zfWqfu ðbs k s i tfm , s n nftzf i frfs Vv …i v ys V …S¤y}ö s v hts Y, ªs r jf' h ƒhs b mfs tj! kcd m ncnQhfl bfW!« zfd m kJb ( JcwDs k ðjd vqfv) d nu lfq i s V s otfm ˆhQ hcUs k i fvtfm s p, ( zfïfrv i [ s Ks j) mcd ÙÁ ˆs ns Y.

vfnCtcïfr � Iu s vv bfmfp i Vfv i v s tfjs lvs j u fd bs q d ls qs Yb s p, zfïfr zfpXpf zu fïX zfmfs lv kWhf jhCt j' s v


d bs qs Yb. nckvfQ s tfs jvf zfmfs lvs j ncnQhfl s lWqfv u bA zfns k zfvý jvt. ˆj hAd ÙÁ zfmfv d ls j zd k la¢k od ks k s OfVf Ycd es q ˆt. s n d Yt zfntfm ( s ofs Û v) ˆj hAd ÙÁ. zfmfv d ls j s n s lZ s V ˆt ˆhQ i frfs Vv …i v ys V ( zfWqfu d lt) . kfv zfWqfu s OfVfv s ys qW la¢kofmD d Yt. nckvfQ pJb s n zfmfv jfs Y ˆt, pfv ncnQhfs lv zfWqfu zfd m ðs bd Ytfm , kJb zfd m kfv ncnQhfl lfs bv d hd bms q zfmfv s lr s Ks j lc' Jfd b h²Ã Jcs t kfs j i d vs q d ltfm . zfïfrv jnm ! s n nmq zfmfv jfs Y ˆ lc' d e YfVf zfv d jYc d Yt bf. zfv zfd m d bs u lc' Jfd b jfi V z²¿fqDHfs h L fv d bs q i d vL fb jvtfm ˆhQ vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv ns Ì nf[f{ jvfv …s Üs wA vWbf rtfm . i s K s tfs jvf ls t ls t zfmfv ns Ì nf[f{ j' s v zfmfs j mchfvjhfl u fbfs k tfot ˆhQ hts k tfot, ªzfïfr kfzftf s kfmfv kWhf jhct js vs Yb, kfƒ s kfmfs j L bAhfl.« zk}i v zfd m mnd u s l i as hw jvtfm . ( s lJtfm , ) vfnCtcïfr � hs n zfs Yb ˆhQ kf]v yfd vi fs w s tfju b zfs Y. k¶ftrf ƒhs b …hfƒlcïfr � …s E Ycs e ˆs n zfmfv ns Ì mcnfIfrf jvs tb ˆhQ zfmfs j mchfvjhfl d ls tb. zfïfrv jnm! mcrfduvslv msLA dkdb YfVf zfv sj… …Estb bf.' nckvfQ jf'h k¶ftrf �-ˆv ˆƒ hAhrfv jJsbf Hctskb bf. jf'h hstb, `pJb zfdm vfnCtcïfr �-sj nftfm ufbftfm, kJb dkdb k]fv JcwDmq …Ï¶t syrfvf dbsq zfmfsj htstb, ªskfmfv mf skfmfsj pJb ianh jsvsY, kJb sKsj skfmfv uDhsbv dhok nhGfdLj ðHdlsbv kcdm ncnQhfl bfW!« zfdm httfm, ªsr zfïfrv vnCt! ˆƒ ðHnQhfl zfibfv i[ sKsj, bf dj zfïfrv i[ sKsj?« dkdb htstb, ªbf, hvQ zfïfrv i[ sKsj.«

vfnCtcïfr � pJb Jcdw rskb, kJb kf]v syrfvf …Ï¶t rsq spk, msb rk spb kf ˆjIfdt yf]l ˆhQ ˆsk zfmvf kf]v ˆ (JcwD rWqfv)


jKf hcUsk ifvkfm. zk}iv pJb zfdm vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv nfmsb hntfm, kJb zfdm httfm, ªsr zfïfrv vnCt! zfmfv kWhf jhct rWqfv lv¢b zfdm zfmfv nm²À mft zfïfr W kf]v vncstv vf²Àfq nfljfr j'sv dld¤Y.« dkdb htstb, ªkcdm djYc mft dbsuv ubA vfJ, skfmfv ubA kf …Ùm rsh.« zfdm httfm, ªpfƒ srfj! zfdm zfmfv Jfqhfsvv (iafå) zQw svsJ dbd¤Y.« zfv zfdm ˆ jKfW httfm sp, ªsr zfïfrv vnCt! dbÇyq zfïfr kfzftf zfmfsj nkAhfdlkfv jfvsB (ˆƒ dhil sKsj) …Ýfv jvstb. zfv êfW zfmfv kWhfv lfhD sp, pkdlb zfdm sh]sy Kfjh, nhGlf nkA jKfƒ hth.« nckvfQ zfïfrv jnm! pJb sKsj zfdm vnCt �-ˆv nsÌ nkA jKf htfv iadkÎf jvtfm---zfdm ufdb bf sp, zfïfr kfzftf sjfb mcntmfbsj nkA jKfv htfv iadklfb öv™i …{jxó icvõfv dlsqsYb. zfïfrv jnm! zfdm spdlb vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv jfsY ˆ jKf hstdY, sndlb sKsj zfu ipG§À zfdm dmKAf jKf htfv ƒ¤Yf jdvdb. zfv zfwf jdv sp, hfjD uDhsbW zfïfr kfzftf zfmfsj ˆ sKsj dbvfil vfJshb.'

jf' h hs tb, ` zfïfr kfzftf ( zfmfs lv hAfi fs v zfqfk) zhkD B G js vs Yb, ( pfv zKG ) , ªzfïfr [ mf jvs tb bhDs j ˆhQ mcrfd u v W zfbnfvs lvs j pfvf nQje mcrCs kG bhDv zbcofmD rs qd Yt, ˆmb d j pJb kfs lv m L Ajfv ˆj ls tv z§Àv h]fjf rWqfv …i Û Ám rs qd Yt, kfvi v zfïfr kfs lvs j [ mf jvs tb. d b}ns ¦ ls r zfïfr kfs lv i ad k hV s nrwDt, i vm jv¢B fmq. zfv ‰ d kb hAd ÙÁs jW [ mf jvs tb, pfs lv hAfi fs v d nÝf§À oarB ²¿d ok vfJf rs qd Yt; i d vs ws N i xd KhD i aw²À rWqf ns Ù¶W kfs lv i ad k nQjD B G rs q …s E d Yt ˆhQ kfs lv u Dhb kfs lv u bA lcd hG N r rs q i s Vd Yt zfv kfvf …itd é js vd Yt s p, zfïfr YfVf zfïfrv i fjVfW rs k h]fyfv zbA s jfb zfwaq²¿t s bƒ. i s v d kd b kfs lv i ad k zbcoari vfqB rs tb, pfs k


kfvf kWhf js v. d bÇ yq zfïfrƒ rs ¤Yb kWhf oarB jfvD , i vm jv¢B fmq. s r d hw¶fnD oB ! s kfmvf zfïfrs j Hq jv ˆhQ nkAhflDs lv nÌD rW.« (n Cv fr kfWhfr 117-119 zfq fk)

jf' h d hb mfs tj hs tb, ` zfïfr zfmfs j ƒntfs mv u bA d rlfqfk jvfv i v vfnCtcïfr �- sj nkA jKf htf zsi[f hV icvõfv zfmfv uDhsb zfïfr zfmfsj lfb jsvbdb. HfsoA zfdm k]fsj dmKAf jKf hdtdb. bsy{ kfslv mskf zfdmW L¶Qn rsq spkfm, pfvf dmKAf hstdYt. zfïfr kfzftf pJb zrD zhkDBG jvstb, kJb dbjxóHfsh dmKcAjslv db¦lf jvstb. nckvfQ zfïfr kfzftf kfslv hAfifsv htstb, ªpJb skfmvf kfslv jfsY dIsv pfsh, kfvf kJb zdysvƒ skfmfslv nfmsb wiK j'sv htsh, spb skfmvf kfslvsj …si[f jv; zkˆh skfmvf kfslvsj …si[f jv; kfvf rs¤Y zdkwq OxBA, zfv kfslv dEjfbf rs¤Y ufrfâfm, kf rt kfslv jxkjsmGv iadkIt. kfvf ˆ ubA wiK jvsh, spb skfmvf kfslv iadk vfuD rsq pfW, zb§Àv pdl skfmvf kfslv iadk vfuD rsq pfW, ksh zfïfr skf ˆmb lc®jmGjfvD stfjslv iadk vfuD rshb bf.« (‰ 95-96 zfqfk, hcJfvD-mcndtm)

s ofbfr j' s v td Ïk rs q zbckfs i v jfâf j]flf zhwAƒ …Ùm . …j¶hfr d hb zfs mv � hs tb, zfd m httfm , ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! i d vÛ fs B v …i fq jD ?' d kd b hts tb, ªkcd m s kfmfv d u r¶fs j d bs u v zfqÙfL Db jv, ö oxs r zh²¿fb jv, zfv s kfmfv i fs i v …i v ( zfïfrv d bje) s vflb jv.« (nrDr dkvdmpD 1961 bQ)

10. zfïfrv Hsq jfâf zfïfrv Hs q jfâf }- mxkcA W drnfshv Hsq jfâf, spsrkc mvsBv iv zfïfr drnfh sbshb. jhs vv Hs q jfâf, s ps rkc zfïfr jhs v hf¦ lfv d rnfh s bs hb. ufrfâfsmv Hsq jfâf, spsrkc ufrfâfsm ifsiv iadkIt Hcosk rsh.


** zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq s yfs Jv ðjd vqf zflfq rq. zÌ- i akAs Ìv ðjd vqf rt, kfv äfvf s jfb i fi bf jvf. s yfJW

ˆjd e hV d bqfmk. kfv ðjd vqf rt zfïfrv Hs q jfâf jvf. zfv ˆ jKf d hd lk s p, d bqfms kv ðjd vqf jvs t d bqfms kv ‡d Ý-

hxd Ý rq, êf zfïfrv Wqflf. zkˆh hf¦ lfv …d yk, ˆjfs §À k]fv s lWqf jk d bqfms kv jKf

±mvB j' s v ms b ms b k]fv i ad k jxkÎkf Îfi b j' s v s yfs Jv i fd b hrfs bf. d bu d bu i afå d bqfms kv jKf ±mvB j' s v k]fv jxkÎkf ö Djfv j' s v jfâf jvf.

s r zfmfv i ad ki ftj! js óv i v ö d ²À d ls qY kcd m , s kfmfv jxkÎkfv d j s wN zfs Y?

` s Y]Vf j]fKfq Ocm d ls q tfJ efjfv ö i ´' s lJkfm , s n ö i´ hf²Àh j' s v d ls qY kcd m . s kfmfv i ad k d j Hd ÙÁ bf u fs o?

j]cs V Ov s Ks j kcs t ˆs b hftfJfbfv hfd n¦ lf js vY zfmfsj. s kfmfv jKf d j Hcts k i fd v?

lfd vs ûv nfs K tVfƒ jvs k jvs k s h]s yd Y, zfu vfu f hfd bsq d ls qY zfmfs j. s kfmfv i ad k jxkÎkfq d j s yfs J i fd b bf zfs n?

` lqf hs t, s j s of kcd m mcs J bfƒ jKf? zwa¢ Hvf z]fd J hs t, zfd m jxkÎkf.'

tfÒbfv tfd K- u ckf s Js k s Js k Ocs vd Y, zfu n©mfs bv …¤y zfns b ²¿fb d ls qY zfmfs j. s kfmfv i ad k d j zbcvfo bf zfs n?

zs bj d jYc d ls qY zfmfs j, zfhfv zs bj d jYc s Ks jƒ hd Ñk s vs JY. nhfƒs j kcd m nh d u d bn lfW bf. nhfƒ s kf zfv nh yfWqf i fq bf. s nƒ hÑbfv hcs j d j jfâf- hf° i s ys i vfJf pfq?

` mvsm tcjfs bf jk lcJ T fd jqf vs qd Y m½fbmcJ, j]fd lhfv bf ƒ zhnv jKf bfƒ ðL c Ifs e hcj.'


m f s V - H f s k s J k s p , s n d h d v q f b D - s i f t f W s J s k h s n ð j d v q f v j f â f j ] f s l , o v D h r s q b h D v s l s w s i ] Z s Y m Ä f - m l D b f q h s n j x k Î k f v j f â f j ] f s l .

yfWqf-ifWqfv nm¦hsq ðjdvqfv jfâf hV jv¢B, hV mmGfd§Àj! ±mxdkyfvBf jvst iaDdk hfsV, zfjf£[f hfsV. zfv kfskƒ jfâf zfsn.

** zfïfrv Hs q jfâf ms bv mqtf nfI j' s v s lq. syfsJv ifdbsk mb sLfq, syfJ sLfq. msbv mdtbkf lCv rq. sp

zfïfrv Hsq j]flsk ifsv, kfv msb dj zfv sjfb jfdtmf Kfsj? j[sbf bf.

** zfïfrv Hs q jfâf r™ lqs j bvm j' s v s lq. zhwAƒ. bvm bf rst jfâf zfnsh sjb? sjfb ifNfB msbv mfbcsNv

syfJ sKsj skf ifdb zfnsk ifsv bf. sp zfïfrv Hsq j]flsk ufsb, sn nxdóv iadk nlq rsq j]flsk ifsv. zfv sp ixdKhDhfnDv iadk lqf ialwGb jsv, kfv iadk zfjfw-Wqftf lqf jsvb.

** zfïfrv Hs q jfâf zfïfrv Jfn hf¦ lfos B v zfyvB . zhwAƒ p]fs lv jfs Y zfïfrv mfd vIfk zfs Y, p]fvf zfïfrsj

pKfpKHfs h s ys bb, k]fvf k]fv Hs q jfâf jvs hb. mrfb zfïfrv jKf ðs b, k]fv zfqfk i fE j' s v zKhf ðs b k]fs lv s yfJ zwa¢dnÙÁ rs h. mrfb zfïfr zft- jc¶vzfs b k]fs lv i awQnf js vs Yb,

,w|��0 C 0 @ A 3/J��0 C D X"��0 0 @ 0 AD%� Xa��C @ 0 0 340 b ��D ��0 b C 34C </$`C D b A �\�0 0 3�£�@ 0D C ��0 �V@ 0 0 ��40 0 �-��g A 3�4�C 0 <�/$`C D b A X�6��*20 0C @ C W�=�¥2�0 C 0 @ C 0 3£�@ 0D C �0 /6@ 0 0 �0 ��Q^��@ 0 @ 00 �`20 C �Q?0 @ A Xa��@ C @ 0 0 ��/�A 0 3V��0 @ D ��dn 0 P��D A�R ��:*�� A 0C {

Exk H $-� X/�4 zKG f{, bhDs lv ms L A pfs lvs j zfïfr zbcoar js vs Yb ˆvfƒ kfvf,

zfls mv W pfs lvs j zfd m bCs rv nfs K s bZ jfq zfs vfrB jd vs qd Ytfm kfs lv hQs wfßCk, ƒhafrD m W ƒnaf„s tv hQs wfßCk W pfs lvs j zfd m i K d bs lG w js vd Ytfm W ms bfbDk js vd Ytfm kfs lv z§ÀHcG ÙÁ. kfs lv


d bje i vm jv¢B fms qv zfqfk zfhxd Ù jvf rs t kfvf Û Á¦ lb jvs k jvs k d nu lfq tcd es q i Vk. (mfv q Afm } 58)

k]fvf s nƒ nhG È B fL fv mrfb zfïfrv d bje d hbq i ajfw j' sv, k]fv wd ÙÁv jfs Y lchG tkf ö Djfv j' s v, k]fv zmcJfs i d [kfv jfs Y mcJfs i d [kf i ajfw j' s v, k]fv s lWqf znQ JA d bqfms kv ðjd vqf j' s v, k]fv wkmcJD lfs bv i awQnf j' s v d nu lfhbk rs q jfâf js vb.

p]fs lv d bje ƒtXm zfs Y, ƒntfmD zfj¶Dlf W zfrjfs mv ƒtXm zfs Y, p]fvf zfs tm , k]fvfƒ zfïfrs j Hq js vb. mrfb zfïfr ˆ jKf hs ts Yb,

,]�20 D C ��@¦0 0 0D%� 34@ C �\��C C C0 �]�"��0 0 @A {ETk H $-� �§�8 zKG f{, zfïfrv lfns lv ms L A ÎfbDvfƒ k]fs j Hq j' s v Kfs j.

(Ifdk¶v } 28) zfv p]fvf zfs tm , k]fvfƒ k]fv Hs q d nu lfq i s V hV d hbsqv nfs K

jfâf js vb. d kd b k]fs lv i awQnf j' s v hs tb, , �* �-A 4� W>C CC @ A K��>`¨� K��¦ Xa�� Q/ �`2 ��> 34 X�"�� -?�� 3/J�� K2 �-A 4r? h ��C C C C C C C C0 @ 0 0 0 D0 n @ 00 0 @C @ A @ @ 0 @0 @ @ D0 @ A AC CC A 0

�P�R D AEGpF H h-�"u� ��0 *$ �� K�Y K2 �0 *$ K�(�� K-�-./�R AA b 0 b 0 @ 0 0@ 00 0 @ 0 0 A0 0 AA @ 0 CEGpk HK��¦�0 n C 0 0 K��>`¨�C C0 @ 0 K-:�/0 A @ 0 6/e/�A A C 0 0X@ ��-�dR A A {EGpl H��¥©�

zKG f{, kcd m ht, ` s kfmvf jcv‚s b d hw¶fn jv zKhf bf jv, pfs lvs j ˆv i Cs hG Îfb s lWqf rs qs Y kfs lv d bje pJb êf i fE jvf rq, kJbƒ kfvf s yrfvf tcd es q d nu lfq i s V ˆhQ hs t, ‚mfs lv i ad ki ftj i d hÛ , mrfb! zhwAƒ ‚mfs lv i ad ki fts jv i ad kwa¢d k jfpG jv rs qƒ Kfs j. ‚v kfvf j]fls k j]fls k HCd ms k tcd es q ( d nu lf) s lq ˆhQ ˆ ( jcvzfb) kfs lv d hbq hxd Ý js v.' (hfb D ƒ n af„t } 107-109)


,�`2�0 C 0 �-"�@ A C 0 �40 �e��0 C A q20 C �-��C A D ª��?0 0 Xa0 ��@ A A @ 0 ��u?A C 0 3�40 C �4��C @ D ��£D C �-�8��@ A 0 0 3�40 C b1�&�0 @ K-�-./0 AA 0 *$D 0�0 �D 4�0 �0 �QY�8@ A @ 0 �40 0 3/6��0 C C D {Ek[ H $-� =��

zKG f{, pJb kfvf vnCs tv i ad k pf zhkD B G jvf rs qs Y kf wahB js v, kJb kfvf s p nkA …i td é js v, kfv u bA kcd m kfs lv y[c zwa¢d hod tk s lJs h. kfvf hs t, ` s r zfmfs lv i ad ki ftj! zfmvf d hÇ hfn js vd Y. zkˆh kcd m zfmfs lv ( ns kAv) nf[Ds lv ltHcÙÁ jv. (mfƒ lfr } 83)

s p mcd mboB zfïfrv jftfm hcs Ub, k]fvf zhwAƒ k]fv zfqfk i s V Hq i fb.

,AD%� �e�0 D 0 3�t�0 @0 0 «/&�C C 0 @ �*�QYR 0 C �m��Q4R nC 0 0 ��40 C 0 D �"�.?n C 0 @ 0 ��@ 4A C \-��Â AA 3/J��0 C D K-��@¦0 @ 0 0 X�m$@ A D 0 X�yD A ��?A C 0 X6\-�^@ A A AA Xm-�>�@ A A A A 0 q20 C �Y`C @ C CD%� w�`0 C 0 ª60 A CD%� }fC @ 0 �*C C 34@ 0 ��/0 0 34�0 0 W�;�/@ C @ A AD%� ]�80 0 ��A 0 34@ C \�6g 0 {ET[ H $-� �4e��

zKG f{, zfïfr zhkD B G js vs Yb …Ùm hfB D nìd tk ˆmb ˆj oa§¿, pfs k i fv±i d vj nflxwAi CB G ˆjƒ jKf bfbfHfs h hfv hfv htf rs qs Y. ˆs k pfvf kfs lv i ad ki ftjs j Hq js v, kfs lv yfmVfv ( s tfm ) JfVf rq, zk}i v kfs lv s lr- mb zfïfrv ±mvs B v i ad k bvm rs q pfq. ˆd eƒ zfïfrv i Kd bs lG w, d kd b pfs j ƒ¤Yf kf d ls q i Ki alwG b js vb. zfïfr pfs j d hëf§À js vb, kfv s jfb i Ki alwG j s bƒ. (p cmfv } 23)

,�2D C]0 K-A 4r��0 A@C @ 3/J��0 C D �`20 C �Y`0 C A A�%� 9�^�@ 0 C 0 Xm-�>@ A A A A �`2�0 C 0 9��?@ 0 C A Xa��@ C @ 0 0 �?�/�A 0A X¬\�O@ A @ 00 ��]/2R 0 C ��0 0 0 Xm$@ b 0C K-�Y-Q/0 A D 0 00 {ET H $-� ��u��

zKG f{, d hÇ hfnD ( mc' d mb) s kf kfvfƒ, pfs lv r™ lq zfïfrs j n¹vB jvfv nmq jd ©i k rq ˆhQ pJb kf]v zfqfk kfs lv d bje i fE jvf rq, kJb kf kfs lv d hÇ hfn ( „mfb) hxd Ý js v ˆhQ kfvf kfs lv i ad ki fts jv …i vƒ Hvnf vfs J. (zfb Ift } 2)


jcvzfs bv ms kf oa§¿ i fE js vW pfvf Hq i fq bf, kfvf s jmb mfbcN ? jcvzfb ðs b pfvf j]fs l bf, …s ¬e rfs n, kfvf s jmb mfbcN ? jcvzfs bv jKf ðs b zKhf jcvzfb i s V zhfj rq, zd HHCk rq, zfÇ ypG fd ¦ hk rq, zKy „mfb zfs b bf, kfvf s jmb s tfj? mrfb zfïfr hs tb,

,38�@ C 0 0 �J�60 0 «/�&�C C 0 @ K-��P"?0 A 0 @ 0E xl HK-:(;�?�0 A 0 0@ 0 h�0 0 K-�:�?0 A @ 0E zp HXQ��@ A 0 0 K�4��0 A C 0 {EK-�8�� HEzG H $-� XP ��

zKG f{, s kfmvf d j ˆƒ jKfq d h±mqs hfL jvY? ˆhQ rfd n- E fÕf jvY! Û Á¦ lb jvY bf? s kfmvf s kf …lfnDb. (b fu Xm } 59-61)

kfs k jcIvD , d wjG W i fi fyvs B v ˆk wfd ²Àv jKf Kfjf ns Ù¶W kfs lv s jfb Hq rq bf, s jfb jfâf zfs n bf. kfs k ˆk …i slw Kfjf ns Ù¶W …i s lw oarB bf j' s v mcJ d Id vs q s bq!

mrfb zfïfr „mfbl fvs lvs j zfrhfb j' s v hts Yb, ,¢�@ 0 0 K¡/C @ 0 3/J��0 C CD �-A 4�0 K�0 ��0 0 @ 0 Xm-�>@ A A A A �YJ��C @ C C CD%� ��4�0 0 �e��0 0 0 3�40 C b1�&�0 @ h�0 0 �-��-:/A A 0 3/J��Y0 C D 0

�-?��A A #�Q:��0 0 C @ 34C W�>A @ 0 ��v80 0 0 Xa��A C @ 0 0 �4��A 0 0 @ 9��.8@ 0 0 0 Xm-��>@ A A A A ~��Y�B C 0 0 Xa@ �4@ bA K-.��80 A 0C {EGz H $-� /&�

zKG f{, pfvf d hw¶fn ²¿fi b js vs Y kfs lv nmq d j zfs nd b s p, zfïfrv n¹vs B ˆhQ s p nkA zhkD B G rs qs Y kfs k kfs lv r™ lq Hd ÙÁ-d hod tk rs h? ˆhQ i Cs hG pfs lvs j d jkfh s lWqf rs qd Yt kfs lv mk kfvf rs h bf? hùjft zd kÛ Áf§À rs q s os t pfs lv z§Àv jd Eb rs q i s Vd Yt. zfv kfs lv zd L jfQwƒ nkAkAfoD . (r flDl } 16)

zhwAƒ ˆ jfâfv i Ç yfs k mfd vIfk hf Îfs bv hV lJt zfs Y. ms bv d Hks v Îfb W d hw¶fn bf u ¦ mfs t s j… j]fls h s jb? s wfbf jKf zs bs jv d hw¶fn rq bf. ` ˆƒ i cjcs v d wjfvD jcd mv zfs Y' - - - ˆ jKf s p d hw¶fn js v bf, s n s kf d bd äG L fq s n i cjcs v n]fkfv jfes hƒ. d j§Â s p


d hw¶fn js v, s n s n i cjcs v bfms hƒ bf. zfmvf zs bj d jYc u fd b bf hs tƒ zs bj j]fls k i fd v bf. zs bj

d jYc u fd b bf hs tƒ, zs bj rfd n, zs bj s Jd t, zs bj zhs rtf jd v.

zfbfn � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr � ˆjlf zfmfs lvs j ˆmb HfN B ðbfs tb s p, Wv mk ( HfN B ) jJs bfW ðd bd b. d kd b hts tb, ªpf zfd m u fd b, kf pd l s kfmvf u fbs k, kfrst skfmvf jm rfnsk ˆhQ zdLj j]flsk.« (ˆ jKf ðsb) vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv nfrfhD oB k]fs lv s yrfvf s Ts j d bs tb ˆhQ kfs lv d htfs i v s vft zfns k tfot. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

zbA hB G bfq zfs Y, vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv jfs Y nfrfhDs lv s jfb jKf s i ]Z Yt. zk}i v d kd b HfN B d ls q hts tb, ªzfmfv d bje u fâfk W u frfâfm s i w jvf rt. Is t zfd m zfu s jv mk Hft W m ¦ l ( ˆjs Û ) s jfb d lbƒ s ld Jd b. pd l s kfmvf kf u fbs k, pf zfd m u fd b, kfrs t jm rfns k, zfv s hd w j]fls k.« nckvfQ nfrfhDs lv u bA s nd lbjfv mk jd E bkm d lb zfv d Yt bf. kf]vf kf]s lv mfKf zfhxk js v jfâfq s Hs Ì i Vs tb.

zfhC pfvG � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr hs ts Yb, ªzhwAƒ zfd m s ld J, pf s kfmvf s lJs k i fW bf. zfjfw jeXjeX js v wè jvs Y. zfv ˆ wè kfv jvf nfs u . ˆs k yfv zfÌct i d vmfB ˆmb u fqof s bƒ, spJfs b s jfb d Id vñ f zfïfrv u bA d nu lfq d bu ji ft zhbk vfs Jbd b. zfïfrv jnm ! s kfmvf pd l u fbs k pf zfd m u fd b, ks h s kfmvf jm rfns k ˆhQ s hwD j]fls k ˆhQ d hYfbfq s kfmvf ²ÃDs lv nfsK zfb¦ l …i s Hfo jvs k bf. ( hvQ ) s kfmvf zfïfrv zfwaq s bWqfv u bA i s K i s K s hv rs q s ps k.« (dkv dmp D, ƒ hs b mfu fr )

zfv kfv u bAƒ d kd b j]fls kb. bfmfp i Vs k i Vs k j]fls kb, jcvzfb ðs b j]fls kb.

zfd ìqfos B v zHAfn d Yt jfâfv, s kmd b zHAfn d Yt nfrfhfos B v.


ƒvhfp ƒhs b nfd vqfr � rs k hd B G k, d kd b hs tb, ˆjlf vfnCtcïfr � zfmfs lvs j ˆmb m mG ±i wDG hÙxÁkf ðbfs tb s p, kfs k z§Àv HDk rt ˆhQ s yfJ d ls q zwa¢ hs q s ot.||||| (zfhC lf…l, dkv dmp D)

nckvfQ zfïfrv Hs q jfâf Îfbhfb mc' d mbs lv ³ hd wóA. ** zfïfrv Hsq jfâfq YfqfrDb djqfmsk zfvswv Yfqf ifWqf pfsh. zfïfrv vnCt � hs ts Yb, ªzfïfr kfzftf nfk hAd ÙÁs j s nƒ

d ls b k]fv ( zfvs wv) Yfqf lfb jvs hb, s pd lb k]fv Yfqf hAkDk zfv s jfb Yfqf Kfjs h bf; ( kfvf rt, ) bAfq i vfqB hflwfr ( vfóºs bkf) . s nƒ pchj, pfv s pZ hb zfïfr kfzftfv ƒhfls k zd khfd rk rq. s nƒ hAd ÙÁ pfv z§Àv mnd u lnmCs rv nfs K tes j Kfs j ( mnd u s lv i ad k kfv mb nlf zfjxó Kfs j) . s nƒ lcƒ hAd ÙÁ pfvf zfïfrv n§Âd ótfs Hv …s Üs wA háck¶ W Hfthfnf ²¿fi b js v; pfvf ˆƒ Hfthfnfv …i v d md tk rq ˆhQ ˆƒ Hfthfnfv …i s vƒ d yvd hd ¤Yâ ( kfs lv mxkcA) rq. s nƒ hAd ÙÁ pfs j s jfb jctjfd mbD nc¦ lvD ( hAd Hyfs vv …s Üs wA) zfrhfb js v, d j§Â s n hs t, ` zfd m zfïfrs j Hq jd v.' s nƒ hAd ÙÁ s p lfb j' s v s ofi b js v; ˆmbd j kfv Ffb rfk pf i alfb js v, kf kfv hfm rfk i pG §ÀW u fbs k i fs v bf. zfv s nƒ hAd ÙÁ s p d bu G s b zfïfrs j n¹vB js v; Is t kfv …Hq s yfs J i fd b hs q pfq.« (hcJfv D-mcn dtm)

s nƒ hAd ÙÁ s p d bu G s b zfïfrs j n¹vB js v. zk}i v kfv lcƒ y[c s hs q zwa¢ d hod tk rq.

s o f i s b k ] f v m r Ù ¶ W d h w f t s k ¶ v j K f ± m v B j ' s v H s q k f v j f â f z f s n .

d bvftfq k]fv i ad k Hfthfnfv jKf ±mvB j' s v kfv s yfs J zwa¢-Uvbf i ahfd rk rq.

mfbcN lc}s Jv jKf zi vs j hts k i fvs t lc}s Jv Hfv tOc rq, zi vs j htfv mk bf rs t j]fls t ms bv s hfUf rfîf rq. kfƒ d bu G s b k]fv jfs Y nh jKf hs t s n lc' s yfs J zwa¢ Uvfq.


i aHc s of! kcd m zfOfk d ls q zfmfv jfâf s lJs k yfW, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. s kfmfv d hv¢s Ý s kf s jfb zd Hs pfo s bƒ zfmfv, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. nhfvƒ zfwf i CvB jvs k i fd v bf, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. zs bAv lc}J s ls J lc}J i fƒ, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. nhfvƒ jfâf s ls JW nhfvƒ s yfs Jv i fd b zfd m mcYs k i fd v bf, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. jfs Y s Ks jW zs bs jv hAKf lCv jvs k i fd v bf, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. mfbcs N v lcd lG b s ls J j]fd l, d j§Â s n j]flfv tfH jD, pd l kf lCv jvs k bf i fd v? kfƒ zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. s Yfes htf s Ks j s j]s l zfnd Y, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. zfd m s p ö i ´ s lJd Ytfm , kfv Ocm s Hs Ì s os Y, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. zfmfv u Dhs b ˆjd e hV znÌd k zfs Y, zfmfv hcs jv d Hks v hV wCbAkf zfsY, zfv s nƒ wCbAkfq zwa¢- nfov zfs Y, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. pf yfƒ, kf i fƒ bf, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. pf s i s qd Ytfm , kf rfd vs q s os Y, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. pf zfs Y, kf yfƒ bf, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l.

ˆjf§À zfi bu b Hct hcs U pJb zfmfs j lCs v s E s t s lq, kJb zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. s j… zfmfs j mfKfv Yfkf oB A jvfv iv pJb zfmfs j i fs qv u ckf oB A js v, kJb zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. Icei fk s Ks j kcs t ˆs b vfu - i afnfs l hd ns q pJb s n zfmfv i ad kä¦ äD rs q Ws E , kJb zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. pJb kfv s j… d Yt bf, kJb d Ytfm zfd m , ˆJb kfv nh rs qs Y, i v rs qd Y zfd m . kfƒ zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l.

ªzfmfv ˆ jCt Hfd M qfs Y sp-hf zfd m kfv jCt h]fd L , s p s os Y hcs js k zfOfk rfd bqf kfv tfd o zfd m j]fd l;

s p s mfs v d ls qs Y d hN Hvf hfB , zfd m s lƒ kfs v hcjHvf ofb;

j]fef s i s q kfs v Ict jd v lfb nfvfd e u bm Hv, zfi b jd vs k j]fd lqf s hVfƒ s p s mfs v js vs Y i v.«


s tfs jv s lWqf zfOfs kv d hd bms q zfOfk d ls k i fd v bf hs t zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. ofd tv hls t ofd t d ls q i ad ks wfL d bs k i fd v bf hs t zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. s kfmfv nht nxd ó pJb zfmfv mk lchG ts lv ncJnfm oaD s js V s bq, kJb zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. pJb zfd m d hi loa²À zKhf i Dd Vk rƒ, kJb zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l.

pJb kcd m zfmfs j i vD[f jv, kJb zfd m d hi l os HG d bu G s b ƒ…bcs nv mk j]fd l. pJb zfmfv zfi bu s bvf pcd ÙÁ j' s v zfmfs j lcd bqfv hcj s Ks j nd vs q s lWqfv u bA d hi s lv zájCs i d bs [ i js v, kJb zfd m ƒ…ncs Iv mk s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. pJb s bfQvf- i ajxd kv s tfs jvf …s ÜwA- i as B fd lkHfs h zfmfv s yrfvfq jts Ë v jfd tmf s ti b js v, kJb zfd m zfs qwfv mk s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l.

pJb zfqch bhDv mk hAfd L oa²À rƒ, kJb zfd m j]fd l. pJb mfbcs N d rQnf W i vwaDjfkvkfhwk} zfmfv pw s ls J s vfN

js v, kJb zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. s tfjs j s kfmfv zhfL Akf jvs k s ld J, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. i fi s Ks j

h]fys k i fd v bf, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. s kfmfv zfpfhs j Hq jd v, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. zfmfv zfmt jhct rs h d j bf, kfv zfwË f rq, kfƒ zfd m j]fd l. s kfmfv u fâfs kv s tfs H j]fd l. zfmfv d yvndÌbDs lv d hvs r zfd m j]fd l. kfs lv nfs K d mts bv kDha zfjf£ [fq zfd m j]fd l.

s hs rwXkD ùvDv mu bc zfd m, mb s vs Jd Y h]fd L , d mtb zfwfq, s ias mv s bwfq ˆJb rs k j]fd l.

s tfjfts q j]fls t s tfs j nd kAƒ i fot hts h, kfƒ d bu G s b j]fd l. mu d ts n jfâf jvs t rqs kf d vqf ( s tfj- s lJfd b) rs q pfs h, kfƒ d bvftfq hs n zwa¢ mcd Y. zfmfv ms bv s ofi b jKf s wfbfv mk kcd m YfVf s j… s bƒ, kfƒ zfd m s kfmfv jfs Y j]fd l. zfmfv ms bv zfjct zfs hlb s wfbfv mk s j… s bƒ, kfƒ zfd m s kfmfv lvhfs v j]fd l. d jYc


hAd ÙÁok s ofi b jKf Kfs j, pf hfƒs v htf ys t bf. zfd m kfs lv ms L A ˆju b, pfs lv u bA …lG c jd h hs ts Yb,

` lcd bqf s m] Âfqs n HD jcY s tfo s rfs k r]Afq s u f mfrd Itc] s m] rf]ns k r]Afq, mfofv kfbrf„ s m] s vfs k r]Afq.'

mrfb zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq k]fv n§Âd ó W Hfthfnf tfH rq. ˆmb zwa¢ zfïfrv d bje Jch d i aq.

mrfbhD � hs ts Yb, ªzfïfrv d bje lc' d e d h¦ lc ˆhQ lc' d e d yrÁ zs i [f s jfb h²Â d i aq bq. ( ˆj) ‰ zwa¢d h¦ lc, pf zfïfrv Hs q s hv rq. zfv ( lcƒ) ‰ vÙÁd h¦ lc, pf zfïfrv i s K hd rs q s lWqf rq. d j§Â lc' d e d yrÁ rt } ( ˆj) ‰ d yrÁ pf zfïfrv i s K ( d u rfl jsv) rq. zfv ( lcƒ) zfïfrv s jfb Ivp jfu zflfq js v s p d yrÁ ( lfo) i s V.« (dkv dmp D, r fn fb )

zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq u frfâfm s Ks j mcd ÙÁtfH rq. zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq ˆj d h¦ lc zwa¢ u frfâfs mv zfÈb d bd Hs q s lq.

mrfbhD � hs ts Yb, ªlc' d e y[cs j zfÈb ±i wG jvs h bf. ( ˆj) s p y[c zfïfrv Hs q s j]s ls Y ˆhQ ( lcƒ) s p y[c zfïfrv i s K ( d u rfs l) i frfvf d ls q vfd Û pfi b js vs Y.« (dkv dmp D)

ªs nƒ y[cv u bA u frfâfm rfvfm j' s v s lWqf rs qs Y, ( ˆj) s p y[c zfïfrv Hs q zwa¢ d hnu G b js vs Y ˆhQ ( lcƒ) s p y[c zfïfrv i s K ( d u rfs l) i frfvf d ls q vfd Û u fovB js vs Y.« (zfr mfl, b fn f„, r fs j m)

ªd kb hAd ÙÁv y[c u frfâfm lwG b jvs h bf. ( ˆj) s p y[c zfïfrv i s K ( d u rfs l) i frfvf d ls q vfd Û pfi b js vs Y, ( lcƒ) s p y[c zfïfrv Hs q s j]s ls Y ˆhQ ( d kb) s p y[c zfïfrv d bd N Ý h²Â lwG b jvf s Ks j d hvk s Ks js Y.« (k¶fhfv fb D)

ªs n hAd ÙÁ u frfâfs m i as hw jvs h bf, s p hAd ÙÁ zfïfrv Hs q Û Á¦ lb jvt, pk[ B bf ( s lfrbjxk) lcL hf]s e d Is v pfs h. ( zKG f{ lc' s efƒ


znýh) . zfv zfïfrv vf²Àfv L cs tf W u frfâfs mv s L ]fqf ˆjd Û k rs h bf.« (dkv dmp D)

zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq nhG s waô i cvõ fv u fâfk i fWqf pfq. s p y[c zfïfrv Hs q zwa¢ hƒs qs Y, s n y[c u frfâfs mv zfÈb lwG b jvs h bf. s n y[c lwG b jvs h u fâfs kv s nZ ¦ lpG , s n s yfJ tfH jvs h mrfb zfïfrv lDlfv.

vfs kv zájfs v zKhf s jfb d bu G b ²¿fs b zfïfrs j ±mvB j' s v j]fls t ˆk hV mpG flf zfs Y. kfƒ s kf zfvhD jd h hs ts Yb,

h� �/ � �� w�� /"�� *$eo �4�� X�{ q�� w�"� <4��.�� K� ªO-u?�� ~L* $�� w�? ��"��

zKG f{, s r zfmfv s yfJ! nhG bfw s kfv! vfs kv zájfs v zs bj zwa¢ hƒs q zfmfs j ncJD jv. nýhk} d jqfms k …{jxó oxs r s nƒ j[nmCr tfH jvd h.

zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq u fâfs k ` k¶Chf' tfH rs h. zfïfrv vnCt � hs ts Yb, ªkfv u bA ` k¶Chf' , s p d bs u s j d bq§Ãs B

vfs J, ö oxs r zh²¿fb js v ˆhQ d bs u v i fs i v u bA jfâf js v .« (k¶fhfv fb D, zf…n fk¶ W n ¶foDv )

ÎfkhA s p, ` k¶Chf' u fâfs kv bfm . zKhf ` k¶Chf' u fâfs kv ˆjd e ofs Yv bfm . zKhf kfv zKG rt, zfb¦ l, hf jtAfB mq u Dhb. (û} dmv zfkct mfIfkDr ƒ kAfdl)

rflDs n hd B G k s p, ªu fâfs k ` k¶Chf' bfs mv ˆjd e ofY zfsY. ˆ ofYd e 1 0 0 hYs vv zd kÛ ÁmA u fqof u cs V zhd ²¿k. ˆv s mfYf s Ks j u fâfkDs lv h²Ã d bd mG k rs h.« (zfr mfl, dn } n r Dr fr 1985b Q )

zfïfrv Hsq jfâfv bmcbf zfïfrv Hsq jfâfv nhGswaô bmcbf zfmfslv swNbhD �-ˆv. spsrkc


k]fv r™lsq dYt nhsysq shwD zfïfrv Îfb. spsrkc dkdbƒ nhsysq shwD zfïfrsj dybskb. dkdbƒ nhsysq shwD k]fsj Hq jvskb.

zfbfn � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr � ˆjlf zfmfs lvs j ˆmb HfN B ðbfs tb s p, Wv mk ( HfN B ) jJs bfW ðd bd b. d kd b hts tb, ªpf zfd m u fd b kf pd l s kfmvf u fbs k, kfrs t s kfmvf jm rfnsk ˆhQ zd L j j]fls k.« ( ˆ jKf ðs b) vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv nfrfhD oB k]fs lv s yrfvf s Ts j d bs tb ˆhQ kfs lv d htfs i v s vft zfns k tfot. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

zfècïfr ƒhs b d wJXJDv � hs tb, ˆjlf zfd m vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bje ˆtfm ˆmkfh²¿fq s p, d kd b bfmfp i Vd Ys tb ˆhQ kf]v hcj s Ks j …bfs b d ²¿k rf]d Vv ( Ice§À i fd bv) mk jfâfv z±Ice s vft s wfbf pfd ¤Yt. (zfr mfl, zfhC lf…l, dkv dmp D)

…hfƒl d hb …mfƒv � hs tb, ˆjlf zfd m zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) s j httfm , zfïfrv vnCt �- ˆv u Dhs b nhs ys q hV zfÇ ypG mq Oebf jD s ls Js Yb, kf zfmfs lvs j htcb. d kd b [B jft bDvh s Ks j hts tb, ` ˆj vfs Û ( bhD �) zfmfs j hts tb, ªzfs qwf! zfu vfs k zfmfs j zfmfv i ad ki fts jv ƒhfls kv u bA s Ys V lfW.« zfd m httfm , ` zfïfrv jnm ! zfd m zfi bfv ³ bjeA yfƒ ˆhQ kfƒ yfƒ, pf zfi bfs j zfb¦ l lfb js v.' nckvf d kd b …s E WpC jvs tb ˆhQ bfmfp i Vs k ðv¢ jvs tb. bfmfs p d kd b j]fls k tfos tb. d kd b hs n d Ys tb, ( s yfs Jv i fd bs k) k]fv s jft d Hs u s ot. kfvivW j]fls k tfos tb. ( d nu lfq s os t zwa¢s k) mfd e d Hs u s ot! ( Iu s vv zfs o) d htft bfmfs pv Jhv d ls k ˆs tb. d kd b pJb k]fs j j]fls k s lJs tb, kJb hts tb, ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! zfi d b j]fls Yb? zKy zfïfr zfi bfv i ChG fi v nm ²À s ofbfr mfI j' s v d ls qs Yb!' d kd b hts tb, ªzfd m d j ( zfïfrv) ðjXvÈpfv hf¦ lf rh bf? zfu vfs Û


zfmfv …i v js qjd e zfqfk zhkD B G rs qs Y. L ¶Qn kfv u bA, s p kf i s Vs Y, zKy kf d bs q ˆjec d y§Àf- Hfhbf j' s v s ls Jd b.

,K2D C C 1�dC @ 0 ��]��C 0 0 D ®$��C @ 0 0 ��Qd��C C0 @ 0 W��C @ D $�aD ��C 0 0 ��/¯g 0 ��C @ A b #��C 0 @E Glp H3/J��0 C D K��YJ/0 @A A 0 0�%� �4��>R 0 C �\-">�R A 0A ��0 0 0 0 Xm-A ^@ C C A K��:uQ/�0 0A D 0 0 0 C 1�dC @ 0 ��]��C 0 0 D ®$��C @ 0 0 �0 *$D 0

�40 .�d@ 0 090 �J60 �§�*R C 0 w��(��0 0 0 @ A �0 .8C 0 #�J�0 0 0 $�D ��C {EGlG H $-� �� K�� zKG f{, d bÇ yq pfvf d hÇ hfn jvfv i v zd hÇ hfn js v ˆhQ pfs lv

zd hÇ hfn- i ahxd Ù hxd Ý s i s k Kfs j, kfs lv kWhf jJs bf m Ócv jvf rq bf. ˆvfƒ s kf i Këó. d bÇ yq pfvf zd hÇ hfn js vs Y ˆhQ zd hÇ hfnD zh²¿fq mfvf s os Y, kfs lv jfs vf i [ rs k i xd KhD - i CB G ö B G d hd bmqö v™ i i alfb jvs tW jJs bf kf jhct jvf rs h bf. ˆ njt s tfs jv u bA vs qs Y jd E b wfd ²À ˆhQ ˆs lv s jfb nfrfpAjfvD W s bƒ. (zfs t ƒ mv fb } 90-91, ƒ hs b dr êfb , n r Dr kfv oDh 14 68b Q )

nf' l � nftmfb �- s j s lJf jvs k ˆs tb. nftmfb � j]fls k tfos tb. nf' l hts tb, ` zfi d b j]fls Yb jDs nv u bA s r zfhC zfècïfr! zfïfrv vnCt � ƒd §Àjft j' s v s os Yb, d kd b zfi bfv i ad k n§Âó d Ys tb. zfi d b rWs p- jWN s vv jfs Y k]fv nÌD rshb. zfi bfv nfKDhs oG v nfs K nf[f{ jvs hb.' nftmfb � hts tb, ` zfd m mxkcAHs q j]fld Y bf, lcd bqfv ( u Dhs bv) s tfs HW bf. d j§Â zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfs lvs j d bs lG w d ls q hs td Ys tb s p, ªs kfmfs lv u bA spb ˆju b nWqfvD ( mcnfd Is vv) nìt i d vmfB lcd bqfv ( n©i l) ps Kó rq.« zfv zfu zfmfv yfd vi fs w ˆk n©i l!' ˆ jKf ðs b nf' l �- W j]fls k tfos tb.

zKy k]fv i fs w d Yt ˆjd e s E n s lWqfv hfd tw, ˆjd e s Hfu bi fÛ , ˆjd e jfi V s L fWqfv i fÛ W ˆjd e WpCv i fÛ ! ( pfv mCtA 40 d lvrfm mfÛ .) (r fs j m, hfƒ r fj ¶D, ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hf, n } kfv oDh 3224 b Q )


ˆjlf zfècv vrmfb d hb zfWI �- ˆv d bje k]fv Jfhfv zfbf rt. d kd b hts tb, ` mcnzfh d hb …mfƒv d brk rs tb. d kd b zfmfv s ys q Hft s tfj d Ys tb. k]fs j jfIbfs bfv nmq ˆjd e yflv YfVf zbA d jYc u cet bf. rfmpf ( zKhf zbA ˆju b) d brk rs tb. d kd b zfmfv s ys q Hft s tfj d Ys tb. k]fs j jfIbfs bfv nmq ˆjd e yflv YfVf zbA d jYc u cet bf. ˆJb zfmfv Hq rq s p, rqs kf zfmfs lv i cB Avfd w i fd KG h u Dhs bƒ s Hfo jvs k s lWqf rs qs Y.' zk}i v d kd b j]fls k tfos tb. (hcJfv D)

zfhC ùvfƒvf � k]fv ( s wN ) s vfs o j]fls k tfos tb. k]fs j d u Îfnf jvf rt, ` jDs nv u bA j]fls Yb zfi d b?' d kd b hts tb, ` s wfs bf! zfd m s kfmfs lv ˆƒ lcd bqfv u bA j]fd ld b. zfd m j]fld Y zfmfv nIs vv lCvk¶ W nìs tv ö ¬i kfv u bA! zfd m ˆJb u fâfk zKhf u frfâfs mv d ls j yVs k s ts od Y. zfv u fd b bf s p, lc' d ev ms L A s jfbXd ev d ls j zfmfs j L s v d bs q pfWqf rs h!' (dr tXq fkct zfWdtq f)

kfmDm lfvD ˆj vfsÛ ˆƒ zfqfk isV njft ipG§À j]flsk Kfjstb, ,��@ R S�t0 0C 3/J��0 C D �-t 0°^�A @0 ��|��C 0 b D K�� Xa�"P�@ A 0 @0 D 3/J��Y0 C D 0 �-A 4�0 �-��A C 0 0 ��&�!��C C0 D ��-�0 0

X6��A 0 @ D X¬�£�@ A A 00 0 ��0 �40 K-:�0 A @A 0 {ETG H $-� <�y�±� zKG f{, lc°jxkjfvDvf d j ms b js v s p, zfd m u Dhb W mxkcAv d lj d ls q

Ws lvs j kfs lv nmfb oB A jvh, pfvf d hw¶fn js v ˆhQ n{jfu js v? Ws lv Ifqnftf jk d bjxó. (u fdN q fr } 21, k¶fhfv fb D)

ùpfƒIf ƒhbct qAfmfb � Jch jd E b j]flf j]fls kb. k]fs j d u Îfnf jvf rt, ` zfi d b jD u bA j]fs lb?' d kd b hts tb, ` u fd b bf zfmfv zfomb jDs nv …i v rs h, n§Âd óv …i v, bfd j zn§Âd óv …i v.' (kfv Ds J r th 3/ 330)

nf' l d hb zfJvfm hs tb, ` ƒhs b mfn†l � i s K jfmfvwfs tv i fw d ls q pfWqfv nmq zfÌfv s Ks j s tfrf s hv jvf s lJs t l]fdVs q s nƒ


zd o´lÊ otf s tfrfs j s ls J j]fls kb.' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr ) ˆjlf zfhC mCnf zfwzfvD � hfnvfq Jckhf d ls tb, kfs k d kd b

u frfâfm nìs á zfs tfybf j' s v j]fls k tfos tb. ˆmbd j k]fv s yfs Jv i fd b d m ìs v i Vs k tfot. kf s ls J s tfs jvfW jd E bHfs h j]fls k tfot. (zfkX-kfJhDIc dmb fâfv 1/ 51)

ˆjlf ƒhs b …mfv � nCvf mck¶fIXd IIDb i Vd Ys tb. pJb d kd b ˆƒ zfqfs k s i ]Z Ys tb,

,�-/0 @ 0 �-./A A 0 ��D ��A #��b 0 C "��0 @��0 C 0 {Ez H $-� �uuv�� zKG f{, s pd lb lf]Vfs h nm ²À mfbcN d hw¶- u frfs bv i ad ki fts jv

n©mcs J. (mck¶fIXdIIDb } 6) kJb d kd b j]fls k tfos tb. j]fls k j]fls k d kd b i s V s os tb ˆhQ

i vhkG D zfv s jfb zfqfk i Vs k i fvs tb bf. (pcrXl, ƒhsb rfìt 1/192) d kd b ˆƒ zfqfk i s VW Jch j]fls kb,

,CD%� �YJ�� Xm-�> �� K� �-A 4� 3/J�� K¡/ ¢�C @ 0 @C C C C C@ A A 0A DA @ 00 0 00 0 0@ @ 3/J��Y �-��-:/ h� b1�&� 3�4 �e�� 4�0 0 0 @ 0C CD 00 AA 00 0@ 034 #�Q:�� -?��@ 0C C0 A@ A � Xa�� v8 W�>@ C @ @0 0 A0 0 0 0Xm-�> 9�.8 4�@ A A 0 0A A 0 0@ A 0{

zKG f{, pfvf d hw¶fn ²¿fi b js vs Y kfs lv nmq d j zfs nd b s p, zfïfrv n¹vs B ˆhQ s p nkA zhkD B G rs qs Y kfs k kfs lv r™ lq Hd ÙÁ-d hod tk rs h? ˆhQ i Cs hG pfs lvs j d jkfh s lWqf rs qd Yt kfs lv mk kfvf rs h bf? hùjft zd kÛ Áf§À rs q s os t pfs lv z§Àv jd Eb rs q i s Vd Yt. (r flDl } 16, ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr , dr tq fkct zfWdtq f)

mfnv¢j hs tb, zfd m zfs qwfv d bje ˆƒ zfqfkÈd t i Vtfm , , K-aQ�/ �£ X&� <aY�u* X6��\4��0 0 0A 0 0 0 @ 00 0 0@ D AC g Cg @ @ @C 0ETT Hh ��¡Y �a�8 K-�O�0 Q/0 R 0@ 0 0 0C A 0 0 h� ��a�8 -�o�0 00 0 BC @ X�y¡�? B C @ 0

ET[ H K-�A :4 r��r� X�¡�Y X�� K]�� Xa�� A�-v/�B B A@ 00 @ D @ 0 @B @ 0A A @ 0A 0 A 0 C C @ 0 0ETc H>��@ 0 0 ��"* �� Xa;�"* W��g @ 0 A @ 0 00 0 A@ 0


K-��Q/0 A 0 0 0 0ETx H �.u��4 ��0 �6� W��> ��D Y ��2 �-��>0 C C @ AA C @ 0 C A A@ 0 0D CETz H #�J�� >�� 0 �� A%� 3�80 0 0 @ D0 0 00 00 0 0�-��C A D{E TFH$-v��

zKG f{, zfd m kfs lvs j s Tv s lh It- mCt ˆhQ s ofñ , pf kfvf i Y¦ l js v. s nJfs b kfvf ˆs j zi s vv d bje rs k oarB jvs h ( ml Hvf) i fb- i fÛ , pf rs k i fb jvs t s j… znfv jKf hts h bf ˆhQ i fi js mG W d tå rs h bf. kfs lv ( s nhfq) kfs lv d js wfs vvf kfslv zfs wi fs w s Ofvfs Ivf jvs h; s pb kfvf ncvd [k mcÙÁf nlxw. kfvf ˆs j zi s vv d ls j d Is v d u s În jvs h ˆhQ hts h, ` d bÇ yq zfmvf i Cs hG i d vhfv- i d vu s bv ms L A wQd jk zh²¿fq d Ytfm . zk}i v zfmfslv i ad k zfïfr zbcoar js vs Yb ˆhQ zfmfs lvs j …Ùå Us Vf rfWqfv wfd ²À rs k v[f js vs Yb. (k¶Cv } 22-27)

kf ðs b d kd b j]fls k tfos tb ˆhQ hts tb, ` s r zfmfv i ad ki ftj! zfmfv i ad k zbcoar js vf ˆhQ zfmfs j …Ùå Us Vf rfWqfv wfd ²À rs k v[f js vf.' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr )

ˆjlf rfnfb ( v}) j]fld Ys tb. k]fs j d u Îfnf jvf rt, zfid b jD u bA j]fls Yb? …Ùs v d kd b hts tb, ` zfmfv Hq rs ¤Y, zfïfr jft zfmfs j zbDrfv nfs K u frfâfs m d bs [ i jvs hb!' (dn¶Ifkcn n¶fIWqfr 3/233)

ˆjlf mczfp � j]fld Ys tb. k]fs j d u Îfnf rt, zfi d b jD u bA j]fls Yb? …Ùs v d kd b hts tb, ` d jqfms k zfïfr zfpXpf zu fï lc' mcs E fv ˆj mcs E f u fâfs k ˆhQ zi v mcs E f u frfâfs m rs h. zfv zfd m u fd b bf s p, zfd m s jfb mcs E fq Kfjh!' (w fr v ¢ v fmfp fb 1/ 17)

zfècïfr d hb vfWqfrfr k]fv ²ÃDv s jfs t mfKf s vs J ðs qdYs tb. rE f{ d kd b j]fls k tfos tb. kf s ls J k]fv ²ÃD W j]fls k tfos tb. ( kf s ls J hfd Vv zbA njt j]fls k tfot.) d kd b hts tb, ` s kfmvf j]flY s jb?' htf rt, ` zfi d b s p j]fls Yb.' d kd b hts tb, ` zfd m mrfb zfïfrv ˆƒ hfB D ±mvB j' s v j]fld Y,


,K2�@ C 0 X:@ 4@ A C h2D C �6\$��0 A 0C K�Y0 0 ��0 0 w*$0 b 0 ]QtR @ 0 ��;.4R @� C 0 { �X/�4 FG� zKG f{, s kfmfs lv i as kAs jƒ kfs k i as hw jvs h; êf s kfmfv

i ad ki fts jv zd bhfpG d nÝf§À. (mfv q Afm } 71) zfv zfd m u fd b bf s p, zfd m s nJfb s Ks j i d vÛ fB i fh d j bf!'

(kfv Ds J dlmfw Xj ) ƒhs b d wmfnfr rs k hd B G k, d kd b hs tb, zfmXv ƒhs b zf' n �- ˆv

mvs B f¦ mcJ nms q zfmvf kf]v d bjs e …i d ²¿k rtfm . d kd b zs bj [ B L s v jf]ls k Kfjs tb ˆhQ s lWqfs tv d ls j mcJ d Id vs q d bs tb. ˆv™ i zh²¿f s ls J kf]v ˆj s Ys t htt, ` zfê fu fb! zfi bfs j d j vfnCtcïfr � zmcj d u d bs nv ncnQhfl s lbd b? zfi bfs j d j vfnCtcïfr � zmcj d u d bs nv ncnQhfl s lbd b?' ˆ jKf ðs b d kd b k]fv s yrfvf nfms bv d ls j j' s v hts tb, ` zfmfs lv ns hG fÙm i ]cd u rt, ˆƒ nf[A i alfb s p, zfïfr YfVf s jfb nkA …i fnA s bƒ ˆhQ mcrf©mfl � zfïfrv vnCt. zfd m d kbd e ²Àv zd kÛ Ám js vd Y.

( ˆj) zfmfv s ys q vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv i ad k hV d hs äN D zfv s j… d Yt bf. kf]s j rkAf jvfv [ mkf zu G b jvfƒ d Yt zfmfv k{jftDb nhG fd L j d i aq hfnbf. pd l ( lcHG foAÛ Ás m ) kJb mfvf s pkfm , kfrs t d b}ns ¦ ls r zfd m u frfâfmD rkfm .

( lcƒ) kfvi v pJb zfïfr kfzftf zfmfv z§Às v ƒntfm i ad [å jvs tb, kJb bhD �- ˆv d bje rfd pv rs q d bs hlb jvtfm , ` zfi bfv Ffb rfk i anfd vk jv¢b. zfd m zfi bfv rfs k hfqzfk jvs k yfƒ.' h²Âk} d kd b Ffb rfk hfd Vs q d ls tb. d j§Â zfd m zfmfv rfk s es b d btfm . d kd b hts tb, ªzfmXv! jD hAfi fv?« zfdm d bs hlb jvtfm , ` ˆjd e wkG zfs vfi jvs k yfƒ.' d kd b hts tb, ªwkG d e d j?« zfd m httfm , ` zfmfs j [ mf jvf s rfj- - - ðL c ˆkecjcƒ.' d kd b hts tb, ªkcd m d j u fs bf bf s p, ƒntfm i Cs hG v nm ²À i fi vfd ws j d md es q s lq, d ru vk i Cs hG v nm ²À i fi vfd ws j d bd Ç yrÁ j' sv s Is t ˆhQ


rÏ¶W i Cs hG v i fi nmCr L ¶Qn js v s lq?« kJb s Ks j vfnCtcïfr � zs i [f zd L j d i aq mfbcN zfv s j… s bƒ.

zfv zfmfv lxd ós k kf]v s ys q n©mfbDq hAd ÙÁ zfv s j… s bƒ. kf]s j n©mfb W waÝfÎfi b jvfv zh²¿f ˆv™ i d Yt s p, kf]v d ls j bqbHs v kfjfs k i fvkfm bf. pfv Is t zfmfs j s j… pd l i aw js v sp, zfïfrv vnCt �- ˆv oE bfjxd k d jv™ i d Yt? zfd m kf hts k i fvh bf. ˆ zh²¿fq pd l zfmfv mxkcA rs q s pk, kfrs t zfwf d Yt s p, zfd m u fâfkhfnDs lv z§ÀHcG ÙÁ rkfm .

( d kb) kfvi v hù lfd qk¶i CB G d hN qfd lv Jæs v i Vtfm . u fd b bf, kfs k zfmfv zh²¿f d j? nckvfQ zfd m mfvf s os t s jfb mfkmjfd vB D zKhf zfÈb s pb zhwAƒ zfmfv ( u fbfpfv) nfs K bf Kfs j. kfvi v pJb zfmfs j lfIb jvs h kJb s pb s kfmvf zfmfv jhs v z¬i z¬i js v mfd e s ls h. zk}i v ˆjd e …]e ps hr js v kfv mfQn h¦ eb jvfv nmq i d vmfB zfmfv jhs vv i fs w zs i [f jvs h. pfs k zfd m s kfmfs lv nfrfs pA d b}nÌkf lCv jvs k i fd v ˆhQ zfmfv i aHcv s i ad vk d Id vñ fs lv ns Ì d jv™ i hfjX- d hd bmq jd v kf s ls J d bƒ.' (mcn dtm)

nftfmfr zft- zfrmfv hs tb, ˆjlf hflwf rfv¢b vwDs lv d bje omb jvtfm . k]fv d hd Hâ hftfJfbf W vfu mrt s ls J zfd m k]fs j httfm , ` zfi bfv mrtJfbf s hw i aw²À. zfi bfv mxkcAv i v pd l zfi bfv jhvefW i aw²À rq, ks hƒ Hft.' ˆ jKf ðs b hflwf j]fls k tfos tb. zk}i v hts tb, ` s r nftfmfr! zfi d b zfmfs j nQs [s i zfs vf d jYc …i s lw d lb.' zfd m httfm , ` s r zfmDv¢t mc' d mbDb! zfi d b s jfb mv¢HCd ms k s Ks j pd l d i i fd nk rb, kfrs t zfi bfv d i i fnf d mefhfv u bA jk zKG d ls q ˆj s Tfj i fd b d jbs hb?' d kd b hts tb, ` zfmfv zs L G j vfu k¶ d ls q.' zfd m httfm , ` zk}i v kf i fb j' s v kf pd l s i e s Ks j s hv rs k bf yfq, kfrs t kf shv jvfv u bA jD hAq jvs hb?' hts tb, ` hfjD zs L G j vfu k¶ hAq j' s v s lh.'


zfd m httfm , ` zkˆh s n lcd bqfv …i v zfïfrv zd Hwfi , s p lcd bqfv mCtA rt ˆj s Tfj i fd b W ˆj s ofV s i wfh!' ˆ jKfq hflwf rfv¢b zfs vf s u fs v s j]s l …E s tb.

ˆjlf …mfv d hb zfèct zfpDps j s lJf s ot d kd b s vfs l hs n zfs Yb. d u Îfnf jvf rt, ` zfi d b d j znc²¿?' hts tb, ` bf, zfd m zfmfv ( i d vd rk) jfi V ðjfd ¤Y!' i awjfvD zhfj rs q htt, ` zfi bfv s i fwfj jD , s r zfmDv¢t mc' d mbDb?' hts tb, ` tcd Ì, jfmDn W yflv.' htf rt, ` zfv ˆjd e j' s v tcd Ì, jfmDn W yflv oarB js vb bf s jb?' d kd b hts tb, ` d Yt, i cvs bf rs q bó rs q sos Y.' htf rt, ` zbAW s kf oarB jvs k i fs vb?' ˆ jKf ðs b d kd b mfKf d byc j' s v s j]s l s Its tb ˆhQ hts tb,

,w��?0 @ C $��A D ��d¯�A 0 C @ ��a�"P�0 0 @A 0 3/J��0 C CD h0 K��/�/0 A C A �-�� A A C ®$��C @ 0 @ h�0 0 �\��8R 0 0 <��>�"��A 0 0 0C @ ��A @ C�.Q0 C D { Ek[ H $-� �!.��

zKG f{, ˆ i vs tfs jv zfhfn; pf zfd m d bL G fd vk jd v kfs lvƒ u bA pfvf ˆ i xd KhDs k …Ýk rs k W d hi pG q nxd ó jvs k yfq bf. nfhL fbDs lv u bA ðH i d vB fm . (j ¶fn ¶fn } 83)

zfïfrv Hsq jfâfv dhLfb zfïfrv Hs q jfâf zbAkm s waô ƒhflk. ˆ jfâf mfbcs N v kfj¶Wqf

W i vs rpofvDv ltDt. nckvfQ ˆ jfâf zhwAƒ Hft ˆhQ kf mcnd ts mv d bje s Ks j hfÒbDq.

ks h ˆ jfâf d bu G s b Hft. s tfjfts q rs t d b}ws è Hft. nQhvB jvs k bf i fvs t- - - s n jKf d Hâ.

i [f§Às v …s ÜwA pd l s tfj- i alwG b rq, kfrs t kf d ws jG i dvB k rs k i fs v. ms b i awQnfv s tfH ˆs t s n jfâfv i fd b u frfâfs mv


zfÈs bv ƒáb rs k i fs v. ˆƒ u bA nts I nfs trDb s ofi s b j]fls kb. zfïfrv Hs q s yfs J

i fd b ˆs n s os t kf s pb- s kb- i ajfs vB s ofi b jvfv s yóf jvs kb. mcrf©mfl d hb zfntfm k¶CnDv Jfs lm zfhC zfècïfr hs tb, mcrf©mfl

` d vqf' s j Jch Hq jvs kb. ˆƒ u bA d kd b bIt bfmfp hfd Vs k i Vs kb. d kd b hfd Vs k d bs u v jfmvfq i as hw j' s v lvu f há j' s v d bs kb. u fd b bf, d kd b jD jvs kb? zhs ws N ˆjd lb kfv s Yfe hf¤yfef k]fv jfâfv bjt jvs Y. kf s ls J kfv mf kfs j hfvB jvt. zfd m kfs j httfm , ` jD hAfi fv?' s n htt, ` zfhct rfnfb ˆƒ Os v i as hw j' s v jcvzfb i s Vb W jfâf js vb. kfƒ hf¤yfef ðs b W]v bjt jvs Y.' d kd b pJb jfmvf s Ks j s hv rs kb, kJb zfs o dbs u v s yrfvf L cs q d bs q ncvmf tfd os q d bs kb. pfs k jfâfv s jfb d yrÁ zhd wó bf Kfs j! (dr tXq fkct zfWdtq f 9/ 24 3)

zfWpfqD s jfb nmq s tfs jv nfms b j]fls kb bf. d j§Â k]fv hfd Vv d Hkv s Ks j hfƒs v jfâfv zfWqfu s wfbf s pk.

s tfjfts q zfƒqch nfJd kqfbDv jfâf W s yfs J i fd b ˆs n s os t bfj s Ts j d bs kb ˆhQ ( nd lG v Hfb j' s v) hts kb, ` nd lG jd E b jk!' pfs k s tfs j k]fv jfâf hcUs k bf i fs v.

rfnfb hfnvD hs tb, ` s bj s tfs jv s yfs J i fd b ˆs n s os t mu d tn s Ks j …s E pfb. pfs k s jfb mfbcN k]fv zwa¢ s lJs k bf i fq.'

htf hfùtA, p]fvf u fmfzfs k ƒmfs mv d j¶vfzfk ðbs k ðbs k …¤y vs h s j]s l s Is tb, k]fs lv …d yk d bs u s j nQhvB j' s v s bWqf. bs y{ kfs k i fw¶G hkG D bfmfpDs lv d FófhG rs h ˆhQ ms b i awQnfv s tfH Tcjs t nWqfs hv u fqofq s ofbfr rs h. zhwA s j… pd l s yóf ns Ù¶W nQpk jvs k bf i fs v, kfrs t s n jKf d Hâ.

zfrs t ƒtXm oB hs tb, ` d kb nmq mcbfd Ij¶D W d vqf s Ks j h]fy;


s tfs jv nfms b zfïfrv d pjv jvfv nmq, s tfs jv nfms b j]flfv nmq ˆhQ s tfs jv nfms b lfb jvfv nmq.'

k]fvf zfvW hs tb, ` s kfmfv …i s v Yq nms q wqkfs bv rfd n s Ks j nfhL fb s Ks jf; vfs ov nmq, os hG v nmq, ks jG v nmq, s tfjmcs J s kfmfv i awQnfv nmq, hÙxÁkfjfs t …s Ùu bfv nmq ˆhQ bnDrkjfs t j]flfv nmq.'

zfïfrv Hs q j]fls k mb yfq j]flcb. d bvftfq j]flcb. ksh ðL c j]flfƒ …s ÜwA bq. …s ÜwA rt, r™ ls qv i ad kd Û Áqf ˆhQ s nƒ i ad kd Û Áqf zbcnfs v jfu .

zfu nkA jfâfv hV zHfh. jfâfv ` s rf- s rf' wè s wfbf pfq hù u ftnfv mu d ts n, mnd u s l hf Wqfp mrd Is t. d j§Â kfv s jfb i ad kd Û Áqf W hf²Àhkf i d vlxó rq bf.

zfu sjfb hfdV sKsj jfâf swfbf sost ufbsk rsh, sj… msvsY zKhf sjfb dhil rsqsY. zfïfrv Hsq jfâfv sjfb wè jfb siskW swfbf pfq bf. dj§Â ntIslv hfdV sKsj zfïfrv Hsq jfâfv wè sHsn zfnk, bfmfp zKhf sktfzskv nmq jfâfv zfWqfu jfsb iVk.

i [f§Às v zfmfs lv hfd V s Ks j hfƒs vv s tfs j ðbs k i fq zÕ- rfd nv wè zKhf ofb- hfu bfv mb mfkfs bf ncv- UQjfv. k]fs lv rft, zfv zfmfs lv rft. zfmfs lv zh²¿f d j bfs u rft rs h bf?

jfâf jJb zfsn? 1 . zfïfr nìs á Îfb W mfd vIfk zu G b jvs t k]fv Hs q jfâf

zfs n. s ps rkc mrfb zfïfr zfrs t ƒtXms lv hAfi fs vƒ hs tsYb, ,K��¦�0 n C 0 0 K�>`¨�C C0 @ 0 K-:�/0 A @ 0{ ��¥©�²Gpl

ªkfvf j]fls k j]fls k HCd ms k tcd es q ( d nu lf) s lq.« (hfbD ƒnaf„t } 109) zfïfrv mrfbk¶ s u s b k]fv Hs q jfâf jv¢b. kfƒmD hs tb, ` pfs j


ˆmb ƒtXm lfb jvf rs qs Y, pf kfs j j]fls k …äcÝ js v bf, s n ˆ jKfv …i pcÙÁ s p, kfs j ƒtXm s Ks j hd Ñk jvf rk. s ps rkc mrfb zfïfr zfrs t ƒtXs mv i awQnf j' s v hs ts Yb, ` kfvf j]fls k j]fls k HCd ms k tcd es q ( d nu lf) s lq ˆhQ ˆ ( jcvzfb) kfs lv d hbq hxd Ý js v.' (lfs v mD)

zfrs t ƒtXm W …tfmfoB ƒ j]fs lb, s ps rkc mrfb zfïfr hs tb, ,]�20 D C ��@¦0 0 0D%� 34@ C �\��C C C0 �]�"��0 0 @A {ETk H $-� �§�8

zKG f{, zfïfrv lfns lv ms L A ÎfbDvfƒ k]fs j Hq j' s v Kfsj. (Ifdk¶v } 28)

zfvhD jd h hs tb, �-� �]&� �� K-!o� ��PM�� ª�$� ��J"�� iQ*��) ��:�8

K2 �]&� �- / 34 �-d ª- �� -�� <8�³ 3V�� zKG f{, Ffs tv …i v OcOc i fJDv s wfj- Ffj zfmfv s wfj …Kst d lt.

d b¦ lcj zfmfv zfnd ÙÁ s ls J zfmfs j j]fd ls q d lt. OcOc mfkm js v hDs u v Hs q. zfv zfd m jfâf jd v vrmfs bv Hs q.

2 . zKG hcs U d md ó ncs v jcvzfb d ktfzk jvs t zKhf ðbs t s yfs J i fd b zfns h. s ps rkc d ktfzk mc' d mbs j j]fls k …äcÝ jvs h. mrfb zfïfr hs tb,

,W>@ A �-A 4�C �*C C ��@ 0 h0 �-A 4r?C @ A K2D C 3/J��0 C D �-?��A A X�"��0 @ @C 34@ C ��>C C @ 0 �`20 C �Q�/0 @ A Xa��@ C @ 0 0 K��¦0 n C 0 `¨�@ 0 CK��>C 0 �P��R D A * K-��-./�0 AA 0 0 K�(��0 0 @ A ��0 *$b 0 K2@ C K��Y0 0 ��A @ 0 ��0 *$b 0 h-��"u�R A @ 00 * K��¦�0 n C 0 0 K��>`¨�C C0 @ 0 K-��:�/0 A @ 0

X6/e/�@ A A C 0 0 ��-�dR A A {��¥h�²GpF−Gpl zKG f{, kcd m ht, ` s kfmvf jcv‚s b d hw¶fn jv zKhf bf jv,

pfs lvs j ˆv i Cs hG Îfb s lWqf rs qs Y kfs lv d bje pJb êf i fE jvf rq, kJbƒ kfvf s yrfvf tcd es q d nu lfq i s V ˆhQ hs t, ‚mfs lv i ad ki ftj i d hÛ , mrfb! zhwAƒ ‚mfs lv i ad ki fts jv i ad kwa¢d k


jfpG jv rs qƒ Kfs j. ‚v kfvf j]fls k j]fls k HCd ms k tcd es q ( d nu lf) s lq ˆhQ ˆ ( jcvzfb) kfs lv d hbq hxd Ý js v.' ( h fbD ƒnaf„t } 107- 109)

,w|��0 C 0 A 3/J��0 C D X"��0 0 @ 0 AD%� Xa��@ C @ 0 0 340 C ��D ��0 b C 34@ C </$`C D b A �\�0 0 3�£�@ 0D C ��0 �V@ 0 0 ��40 0 �-��g A 3�4�@ 0C <�/$`C D b A X�6��*20 0C @ C W�=�¥2�0 @ C 0 3£�@ 0D C �0 /6@ 0 0 �0 ��Q^��@ 0 @ 00 �`20 C �Q?0 @ A Xa��@ C @ 0 0 ��/�A 0 3V��C 0 @ D ��dn 0�� P��R D A ��:*�R � A 0C H

X/�4²xk zKG f{, bhDs lv ms L A pfs lvs j zfïfr zbcoar js vs Yb ˆvfƒ kfvf,

zfls mv W pfs lvs j zfd m bCs rv nfs K s bZ jfq zfs vfrB jd vs qd Ytfm kfs lv hQs wfßCk, ƒhafrD m W ƒnaf„s tv hQs wfßCk W pfs lvs j zfd m i K d bs lG w js vd Ytfm W ms bfbDk js vd Ytfm kfs lv z§ÀHcG ÙÁ. kfs lv d bje i vm jv¢B fms qv zfqfk zfhxd Ù jvf rs t kfvf Û Á¦ lb jvs k jvs k d nu lfq tcd es q i Vk. ( m fvqA fm } 58)

ƒhs b mfn†l � hs tb, ˆjlf vfnCtcïfr � zfmfs j hts tb, ªkcd m zfmfv nfms b jcvzfb d ktfzk jv.« …Ùs v zfd m zfvu jvtfm , ` zfd m zfi bfv nfms b d ktfzk jvh, zKy kf zfi bfv …i v zhkD B G jvf rs qs Y?' d kd b hts tb, ªzfd m zs bAv jfY s Ks j kf ðbs k Hfthfd n.« zkˆh zfd m nCvf ` d bnf' d ktfzk jvtfm . i d vs ws N pJb zfd m ˆ zfqfs k ˆs n s i ]Z Ytfm ; pfv zKG , ªkJb kfs lv jD zh²¿f rs h, pJb i as kAj n©i alfq s Ks j ˆju b nf[D ( bhD ) …i d ²¿k jvh ˆhQ s kfmfs jW kfs lv nf[Dv™ s i …i d ²¿k jvh?« kJb d kd b zfmfs j hts tb, ªps Kó, ˆhfv Kfm .« zfd m kfd js q s lJtfm , kf]v lc' s yfJ s Ks j zfwa¢L fvf i ahfd rk rs ¤Y. ( h cJ fvD 5050, m cnd t m 800b Q )

3 . bfmfs p jfâf zfs n, d hs wN j' s v kfrfÏcs lv bfmfs p. nckvfQ bfmfp i Vcb s nƒ hAd ÙÁv ms kf, s p hAd ÙÁ ms b js v, s n s pb zfïfrs j s lJs Y zKhf zfïfr kfs j s lJs Yb. zKhf s nƒ hAd ÙÁv ms kf, s p hAd ÙÁ ˆƒ bfmfs pv i v zfv s jfb bfmfp i Vfv ncs pfo i fs h bf. ˆƒ


bfmfs pv i s vƒ kfs j lcd bqf s Ks j d hlfq d bs k rs h. pd l ˆƒ j¬i bf zfi d b jvs k i fs vb, kfrs t zhwAƒ zfi bfv jfâf zfns h.

4. d bu G s b j]flfv mfrfk¹A W Èv¢k¶ u fbcb. mfrfk¹A u fbs t zfi bfv jfâf zfns h.

5 . zfi d b s p i fi j' s v s Is ts Yb, kfv u bA zfïfrs j Hq jv¢b. s n i fi zfïfr mfI jvs hb d j bf, s n d bs q Hfhcb W jfâf jv¢b.

…j¶hfr d hb zfs mv � rs k hd B G k, d kd b hs tb, zfd m httfm , ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! i d vÛ fs B v …i fq jD?' d kd b hts tb, ªkcd m skfmfv d u r¶fs j d bs u v zfqÙfL Db jv, ö oxs r zh²¿fb jv, zfv s kfmfv i fs i v u bA ( zfïfrv d bje) s vflb jv.« ( nrD r d k vd m pD 1961 b Q )

zfv …d ïd Jk rs qs Y s p, ntIoB i fs i v lcd Ç y§Àfq jfâf jvskb. s j… s j… hts kb, ` zfïfr zfmfs j i fi jvs k s ls Js Yb. zfmfv Hq rq, d kd b rqs kf hts hb, ªlCv rs q pf zfmfv jfY s Ks j. zfd m s kfv i ad k vfofd ¦ hk.« ( zfpX- pfrv¢t I f- d qr, ƒh bct u fpvD 1/30)

rfnfb hfnvD ˆj vfs Û s j]s l …E s tb. kf s ls J hfd Vv s tfsjW j]fls k ðv¢ jvt. jfvB d u Îfnf jvf rs t d kd b hts tb, ` ˆjd e s ofbfrv jKf ms b i s V s ot, kfƒ jfâf ˆs n s ot!' (kfhdn¶vfr, ƒhbct ufWpD 1/280)

zfvhD jd h hs tb, �� -a� i:�?� X=]&�� ¶�� ^ i 4� X=��±�

9*JY ��"� %� -� 9 Y �>��R�� i Q.�� :��* X=]&� zKG f{, zfd m s u s o s u s o Ocmfƒ, zfv i fqvf jfâf js v. zKy kfv

s jfb i fi s bƒ; hvQ zfd m ƒ i fi D . d m KAf htd Y zfïfrv jnm ! pd l zfd m ÎfbD rkfm , kfrs t zfmfv

zfs o i fqvf j]flk bf. 6 . kWhfv nmq zbckå W td Ïk rs q jfâf jv¢b. d Hs u Fft zfÈs b d ls t kfv ˆjd lj i cs V, zfv zi v d lj s Ks j


i fd b s hv rq. zbcv™ i i fi jvfv Is t r™ ls q zbckfs i v lrb Kfjs t s yfJ d ls q i fd b s hv rs q zfs n. tÏfq nxd ójkG fv jfs Y mfKf s r]e rq, zfv zbckfs i y[c zwa¢d nÙÁ rq.

jd Kk zfs Y s p, lf†l � pJb Hct js vd Ys tb, kJb d kd b ˆmb j]flf s j]s ld Ys tb s p, k]fv zfs wi fs wv s tfjd los jW OfhsV d ls qd Ys tb.

jf' hf W zfvfIfs k s os t kWhf j' s v zbckfs i v jfâf j]flcb. wfd ²À W u frfâfs mv Hs q i fs i v zbckfs i bqbpcot s Ks j s p zwa¢

zfs n, kf zfns t i afB - d bQVfs bf zwa¢. jd h hs ts Yb, ¶�� }J�� }�� 34 �"�� 6·�4 ��a :�� it�$ W��? �v.Q8

zKG f{, s yfJ d ls q pf i ahfd rk rq, kf kfv i fd b bq; hvQ kf zfmfv i afB os t hs q s I]fef rs q i Vs Y.

7 . mvB s j ±mvB j' s v m ¦ l i d vB fs mv Hs q jfâf jv¢b. ƒhs b …mfv � rs k hd B G k, vfnCtcïfr � nfmCl u fd kv hfn²¿fb

d ru Xv ( bfmj) ²¿fs b s i Z ]s Y d bu nfrfhDs lvs j hts tb, ªs kfmvf ˆ njt wfd ²Ài afås lv ²¿fs b i as hw jvs t jf]ls k jf]ls k ( i as hw) jv. pd l bf jf]l, kfrs t kfs lv ²¿fs b i as hw js vf bf. s pb kfs lv ms kf s kfmfs lv …i s vW wfd ²À bf s i ]Z s Y pfq.« (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

zbA ˆj hB G bfq zfs Y, ƒhs b …mfv � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr � d ru Xv zd kÛ Ám jvfv nmq hts tb, ªs kfmvf s nƒ s tfjs lv hfn²¿fs b i as hw js vf bf, pfvf d bs u s lv zfk¹fv i ad k zkAfyfv js vs Y. s pb kfs lv mk s kfmfs lv …i s vW zfpfh bf s i ]Z s Y. d j§Â jfâf zh²¿fq i as hw jvs k i fv.« zk}i v vfnCtcïfr � d bu mfKf s Ts j d bs tb ˆhQ la¢k od ks k …i kAjf i fv rs q s os tb.

8 . jhv d pqfvs k pfb. s nJfs b d os q s Hs h s lJcb jhvhfnDv zh²¿f. zfi bfs jW ˆjd lb zfns k rs h ˆƒ u fqofq. zfi d b s n jKf mcs JW hs tb, d j§Â rqs kf kfv zKG u fs bb bf. kfƒ jfâf zfs n bf. zKG


s u s b htcb, jfâf zfns h. ,K-�.t�� X�:* A%� ��M K2 ��2 � ,�� 4r�� 34 $�/�� W6� X:�� 0 A @ A@ A@ 0@ 0 0 0 0 @C C C C C0 A 0 A 00 0 0@ 0 @ @ @ @ A DC C CD b0 0 @ 0C C @ 0

<�8�"�� X:�� 0 � 0%� �¡��0 0 0 0C @ 0 0 AA @A 0 0� z K Gz K Gz K Gz K G ---- s kfmfs lv …i v wfd §À hd N G k s rfj, s r jhvhfnD mcd mb W

mcnd tm oB ! zfmvfW- - - zfïfr pd l yfb- - - s kfmfs lv ns Ì zhwAƒ d md tk rh. zfïfrv d bje zfmfs lv W s kfmfs lv u bA d bvfiÙf i afKG bf jvd Y. (mcn dtm 2/ 671)

zfïfrv vnCt � hs tb, ªzfd m s kfmfs lvs j jhv d pqfvk jvs k d bs N L js vd Ytfm . s wfs bf! ˆJb s kfmvf d pqfvk jvs k i fv. jfvB , jhv d pqfvk r™ lq bma js v, y[c zwa¢d nÙÁ js v ˆhQ i vjft n¹vB jd vs q s lq. ks h ( d pqfvs k d os q) hfs u jKf hs tf bf.« (r fs j m 1/ 376, zfr mfl 3/ 237-250)

kxkDq JtD If nfrfhD …N mfb � pJb s jfb jhs vv i fs w l]fVfs kb kJb ˆk jf]lf j]fls kb s p, s yfs Jv i fd bs k kf]v lfd V d Hs u s pk. s j… k]fs j htt, ` u fâfk W u frfâfs mv zfs tfybfjfs t zfi db s kf j]fs lb bf, zfv ˆƒ jhv s ls J ˆk j]fls Yb?' …Ùs v d kd b hts tb, s ps rkc zfïfrv vnCt � hs ts Yb, ªi vjfs tv ( i s Kv) md ÓtnmCs rv i aKm md Ót rt jhv. nckvfQ s p hAd ÙÁ ˆ md Ós t d bvfi Ùf tfH js v, kfv u bA i vhkG D md ÓtnmCr zs i [fjxk nru rs q pfq. zfv pd l s n ˆJfs b d bvfi Ùf tfH bf jvs k i fs v, ks h kfv i vhkG D md Ótocs tf zfs vf jd E bkv rq.«

zfv d kd b ˆjKfW hs ts Yb s p, ªzfd m pk lxwAƒ s ls Jd Y, s n ns hv s ys q zd L j d hHDd N jfmq rt jhv!« (nrDr dkvdmpD 1878, ƒhsb mfufr 4267 bQ)

9 . i vs rpofv …tfmfv r™ lqoafrD Wqfp ðbcb. kfs k zfi bfv jfâf zfns h. s pmb nfrfhfoB vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv Wqfp ðs b j]fls kb. (zfhC lf†l 4 607, dkv dmp D 2676)

1 0 . d hi s l- zfi s l j]flcb. d j§Â zfïfrv jfs Y nWqfh W [ mf


jfmbf j' s v. zd Hs pfo j' s v bq. Hfƒu fb! zs bj lcHG fofv u Dhb s pb ˆjd e d i ]qfs u v m s kf. ˆjd ev i v ˆjd e s jht s Jfnf. zfv kfv U]fs U s yfs J Kfs j zwa¢L fvf. jd h hs ts Yb,

` s yfs Jv u s t rq bf s jfb vM , khc jk vs M v Yd h zfs Y z]fjf .'

s yfs Jv i fd b nflf rs tW hù vM d ls q u Dhs bv ƒd krfn s tJf rq. zwa¢d h¦ lc htf rs tW kf d j§Â d h¦ lc bq, hvQ d nác. ˆƒ u bA ˆju b bfd hjs j d u Îfnf jvf rs qd Yt s p, kfv u Dhs b nhs ys q s jfbX nmcû hV nmcû hs t ms b rs qs Y? i akcAÙs v bfd hj hs td Yt, ` s yfsJv i fd b.'

r]Af, jó ˆmb d u d bn, s nef jó j' s v hcs jv ms L A tcd js q vfJf s os tW, s yfs Jv ms L A tcd js q vfJf pfq bf. s yfs Jv i fd bskƒ hcd Us q s lq d Hks vv zhAÙÁ js óv jKf.

Hfƒu fb! s yfs Jv i fd b d ls q zfƒs bv jfos u v s tJf mcYf pfq bf. d hi l zfnfv i s v s yfs Jv i fd b d ls q kf Kfmfs bf pfq bf. d j§Â s yfs Jv i fd b d ls q HfoAd td i v jfd t mcs Y s lWqf pfq. d hw¶fn jv¢b, zfi bfv kjlDvW hls t pfq zwa¢v zfs hlb d ls q.

mrfbhD � hs tb, ªlczf YfVf zbA d jYc kjlDv J×b js v bf ˆhQ n{jfu YfVf zbA d jYc zfqc hxd Ý js v bf.« (dkv dmp D)

zfv kfv u bAƒ s kf d hkXs vv jcbCs k zfmvf lczf j' s v Kfdj, �� 9�;> �4 � i >�0 0@ 00 0 @D 0 C C,¸./ h� ¹.? w�58 0 @ @ 0A 00 @ C 0 D0 Cw�� 0 @ 0 0��

zKG f{, ||||zfmfv Hfs oA kcd m pf Ifqnftf js vY, kfv m ¦ l s Ks j v[f jv. jfvB kcd m ƒ Ifqnftf j' s v Kfj ˆhQ s kfmfv …i v jfs vf Ifqnftf ys t bf.||||

nckvfQ d hi s l j]fls t zfïfrv jfs Y j]flcb, zfOfs k j]fls t k]fvƒ jfs Y s yfs Jv i fd b s Itcb. d kd bƒ zfi bfv s yfs Jv i fd bv jlv jvs hb.


jfâf bf zfnfv jfvB z s b j m f b c s N v s y ó f n s Ù ¶ W j f â f z f s n b f , j f â f v k c I f b m s b v

s l W q f s t L f Ä f m f v f n s Ù ¶ W H f Ì s k i f s v b f . k f v f s p j f â f n f m s t s b q , k f b q . h v Q k f s l v j f â f z f s n ƒ b f . s y f J d l s q ˆ j d h ¦ l c W z w a ¢ U s v b f k f s l v . k f s l v m s b v u d m s p b m v ¢ H C d m , r ™ l s q v z f j f w s p b s m O - h N G f r D b .

kfs lv zs bs j rqs kf s jfb zfk¹D q- d hs qfo rs t j]fs l, d j§Â zfïfrv Hs q j]fs l bf.

d j§Â kfv jfvB jD ? nmD[f j' s v s lJs t s lJf pfs h, s yfs J i fd b bf zfnfv ˆjfd L j jfvB

vs qs Y. kfv ms L A i aKm jfvB rt zd hw¶fn, ns ¦ lr W ji ekf. htf hfùtA, pfs lv ms b jcIvD hf mcbfd IjD zfs Y, kfvf zfïfrv Hs q j]fls hƒ bf.

ˆvf i vjfs t j]fls h Jch s hd w, ƒrjfs t rfns h- - - ks h s hd w bq. mrfb zfïfr hs ts Yb,

,�-:(;��8@ 0A 0 0@ @ ��>R C 0 �-:��@ A @ 0 0@ �~�YR C 0 ��e^0 0 ]*0 C �-��Y@ A 0 K-��:/0 A 0C @ {EkT H<*-Q�� zKG f{, zkˆh kfvf ( lcd bqfs k) z¬i rfd n rfncj, zfv

( zfs Jvfs k) zs bj j]flf jf]ls k Kfjcj, s nƒ jfs u v i ad kIt ö v™ i pf kfvf jvk. (kfWhfr } 82)

u frfâfs m u frfâfmDvf s j]s l ˆk zwa¢ Uvfs h s p, kfs k blD i ahfd rk rs h ˆhQ kfv …i v s bZ jf ytfW n©Hh rs h. kfvf vs ÙÁv zwa¢W Uvfs h. (n } u fs m' 2032b Q )

d äkDqk} pfvf mc' d mb hf d hw¶fnD , kfs lv bf j]flfv jfvB rt r™ ls qv jd E bkf.

y[c r™ ls qv zbcnfvD . r™ lq s jfmt rs t s yfs J zwa¢ zfs n. r™ lq


wÙÁ rs t y[c ð°j Kfs j. nckvfQ nhG bfw jd E b r™ lq- Wqftfs lv! mrfb zfïfr hs tb,

,38�0 0 0 ��0 0 0 AD%� �$)A 00 @ ��º�C 0 @@ C C -a80 A 0 ��0 0 $-�g A 34b �*$C b D W/-8B @ 0 0 <��.��C C0 0 @ b Xm-�>A A A A 34b ��Y`C @ C CD%� w|��0 C 0 @ A C ��g 0 0 ��4g C A {ETT H $-� �4e��

zKG f{, zfïfr ƒntfs mv u bA pfv h[ …¦ mcÙÁ j' s v d ls qs Yb Is t s n kfv i ad ki ftj rs k ( zfok) zfs tfv ms L A zfs Y, s n d j kfv nmfb- - - s p ˆv™ i bq? lcs HG fo kfs lv u bA, pfs lv z§Àv zfïfrv ±mvs B jd E b, Wvfƒ ±i ó d hëfd §Às k zfs Y. (p cmfv } 22)

zfrs t d jkfh ( ƒqfùlD - d Jaófb) nìs á d kd b hs ts Yb, ,XyD A 9�>@ 0 0 X:*-�>A A A A 3�4b �"*C @ 0 w��`0 C 0 i�a80 C 0 $��P&�YC C0 0 @ 0 ��@ 0 �M�n 0 0 -��>R 0 @ 0 K2�D C 0 3�40 C $��P&�C C0 0 @ ��00

�PuQ/A D 00 0 �@ 4A C $��A @0 0 K2�D C 0 �a@ 40 C ��00 A1.�/D D 0 »�L�8A 0A @ 0 �@ 4A C ��0@ K2�D C 0 �a@ 40 C ��00 ¼��fA C @ 0 3�4@ C <��dC 0 @ 0 C�%� ��4�0 0 A�%� W8�o*g C 0 C ]�D 0 K-�"?0 A 0 @ 0 {EFc H $-� �.��

zKG f{, ˆv i vW s kfmfs lv r™ lq jd E b rs q s ot; kf i fN fB d jQhf kfv s Ks jW jd E bkv, d jYc i fKv ˆmb zfs Y s p, kf s Ks j blD - bftf i ahfd rk rq ˆhQ d jYc i fKv ˆmb zfs Y s p, d hlD B G rWqfv i v kf s Ks j i fd b d boG k rq. zfhfv d jYc i fKv ˆmb zfs Y, pf zfïfrv Hs q L s n i s V. h²Âk} s kfmvf pf jv, s n nìs á zfïfr …lfnDb bb. (hfj ¶fv fr } 74 )

mcnd tms lvs j ns ìfL b j' s v d kd b hts Yb, ,¢�@ 0 0 K¡/C @ 0 3/J��0 C CD �-A 4�0 K�0 ��0 0 @ 0 Xm-�>@ A A A A �YJ��C @ C C CD%� ��4�0 0 �e��0 0 0 3�40 C b1�&�0 @ h�0 0 �-��-:/A A 0 3/J��Y0 C D 0

�-?��A A #�Q:��0 0 C @ 34C W�>A @ 0 ��v80 0 0 Xa��A C @ 0 0 �4��A 0 0 @ 9��.8@ 0 0 0 Xm-��>@ A A A A ~��Y�B C 0 0 Xa@ �4@ bA K-.��80 A 0C {EGz H $-� /&�

zKG f{, pfvf d hw¶fn ²¿fi b js vs Y kfs lv nmq d j zfs nd b s p, zfïfrv n¹vs B ˆhQ s p nkA zhkD B G rs qs Y kfs k kfs lv r™ lq Hd ÙÁ-


d hod tk rs h? ˆhQ i Cs hG pfs lvs j d jkfh s lWqf rs qd Yt kfs lv m s kf kfvf rs h bf? hùjft zd kÛ Áf§À rs q s os t pfs lv z§Àv jd Eb rs q i s Vd Yt. zfv kfs lv zd L jfQwƒ nkAkAfoD . (r flDl } 16)

s p r™ ls q s jfmtkf s bƒ, s n r™ ls q mÌt s bƒ. ˆƒ u bA mrfbhD � ˆmb r™ lq s Ks j i fbfr yfƒs kb. d kd b hts kb,

¶u� 34� ,��@¦ h S�> 34� ,�u�@ / h X�� 34 w* `-�� Xa��g @ 0 0 A 00 @ 0 A @ 0 A 0 @ @ AC C C C0 0 AD @ D @ �g g 0 C 0 D -��\ 3�4� ,��? hg C0 0 @ 0 A 0@ @ 0 D�� #�PQ�/ h0 0 A 0 A0 @ D�

zKG }- s r zfïfr zfd m s kfmfv d bje s nƒ ƒtXm s Ks j i fbfr yfd ¤Y, pf s jfb …i jfs v zfs n bf. s nƒ r™ lq s Ks j i fbfr yfd ¤Y, pf d hbma rq bf. s nƒ zfk¹f s Ks j i fbfr yfd ¤Y, pf kxå rq bf ˆhQ s nƒ lczf s Ks j i fbfr yfd ¤Y , pf jhct rq bf. (mcn dtm 7081, iamcJ)

htfƒ hfùtA s p, r™ lq s jfmt rs t ks hƒ y[c rs k zwa¢i fk rs h. s ps rkc r™ lqƒ nhG fs Ìv vfu f. vfu f Hft rs t i au fvf kfv zbcnfvD rs h. vnCt � hs tb, ªs u s b vfJ, s ls rv ms L A ˆmb ˆj mfQn- d i à zfs Y, pf Hfs tf rs t nfvf s lr Hfs tf rs h. zfv kf Jfvfi rs t nfvf s lr Jfvfi rs h. s wfb! kfrt r™ {d i à ( z§Àv) .« (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

r™lq jdEb rWqfv jfvBnmCr r™ lq jd E b rWqfv bfbf jfvB zfs Y, s pmb r™ lq bvm rWqfvW

d hd Hâ jfvB zfs Y. nckvfQ jd E b rWqfv jfvB lCv j' s v pdl bvm rWqfv jfvB zhtìb jvf rq, kfrs t …s ÜwA nIt rs k i fs v.

s p njt jfvs B r™ lq jd E b rq, kf d bmv™ i }-

1. shdw jKf htf. ƒntfmD bDd k rt mcnd tm jKf hts h z¬i . mrfbhD � hs tb,


ªs kfmfs lv ms L A zfmfv d bje zd L j d i aqkm W d jqfms kv d lb zfmfv nhs ys q d bjs e zh²¿fbjfvD s nƒ hAd ÙÁ, s p s kfmfs lv ms L A nlfyvs B nhs ys q …Ùm . s kfmfs lv ms L A zfmfv d bje zd L j OxB Akm W d jqfms kv d lb zfmfv s Ks j nhs ys q lCvhkG D zh²¿fbjfvD kfvf, pfvf zd kHfN D os i , zd khflD - - - pfvf zkcAd ÙÁ l¶fvf zi vsj s J]fyf s ms v Kfs j ˆhQ pfvf zrQjfs vv nfs K mcJHd kG tìf tìf jKf hs t Kfs j.« (n r Dùt u fs m' 2197b Q )

pfvf s hd w jKf hs t kfs lv hfs u W d m KAf hjf ö fHfd hj. nckvfQ kfs k r™ ls qv jd E bkf nxd ó rs kƒ i fs v.

Icpfƒt d hb ƒqfp ( v}) W d hwXv d hb rfs vn ( v}) hs ts Yb, ` lc' d e zfyvB r™ lqs j jd E b j' s v s lq, s hd w jKf htf W s hd w JfWqf.' (dn q fv ¢ zf'tfdmb b chftf' 8/ 4 4 , dr tXq fkct zfWdtq f 8/ 350)

s hd w jKf hts t r™ lq jd E b rs q pfq- - - ˆ hAfi fs v ˆjd e rflDnW hd B G k zfs Y. d j§Â s nd e nrDr bq.

s hd w jKf htfv i pG fs q äDs bv d hN s q kjG - d hkjG W i s V. zfv ƒmfm wfs IqD hs ts Yb, ` äDs bv hAfi fs v kjG - d hkjG z§Àvs j jd E b j' s v s lq ˆhQ d hs äN nxd ó js v.' (dn q fv ¢ zf'tfdmb b chftf' 10/ 28)

2. zdLj JfWqf zd L j JfWqf W s Hfu b- d htfs n r™ lq jd E b rs q pfq. s pmb i Cs hG

…d ïd Jk rs qs Y.

3. zdLj rfnf zd L j rfnfv Is t z§Àv mfvf pfq. zfïfrv vnCt � hs tb,

ªs kfmvf s hwD s hwD s rs nf bf. jfvB , s hwD rfnfv Is t r™ lq mfvf pfq.« (zfrmfl, dkvdmpD, 2305, ƒhsb mfufr 4193, nrDùt ufsm' 7435bQ)

ˆj pchj s jfb ˆj mu d ts n hs n zÕrfd n rfnd Yt. rfnfb hfnvD s nd ls j i fv rWqfv nmq kf s ls J kfs j hts tb, ` Ws r pchj!


i ctd nvfk d j i fv rs q s oY?' s n htt, ` bf.' d kd b hts tb, ` kfrs t kcd m d j u fs bf, kcd m u fâfs k pfs h, bf

u frfâfs m ?' s n htt, ` bf.' d kd b hts tb, ` kfrs t ˆ rfd n jDs nv?' ˆv i v s Ks j pchjs j zfv rfns k s lJf pfqd b. rfnfb hfnvD hts kb, ` s p u fs b s p, kfs j mvs kƒ rs h, d jqfmk

zhwAƒ jfs qm rs h ˆhQ mrfb zfïfrv nfms b kfs j l]fVfs kƒ rs h, kfv lDOG lcd Ç y§Àf jvfƒ nmDyDb.' (dr tXq fkct zfWdtq f 2/ 133)

4. zdLjfdLj ifi jvf mrfb zfïfr hs tb,

,�YD 0 W*@ 0 K�$0 0 ��0 0 Xm-�>C C A A �4D �-��YA 0 K-��:/0 A 0C @ {EGc H $-� �uuv�� zKG f{, bf êf nkA bq; hvQ kfs lv jxkjmG ƒ kfs lv r™ ls q u Q

L d vs q d ls qs Y. (mck¶fIXdIIDb } 14 ) mrfbhD � hs ts Yb, ªmc' d mb pJb s jfb i fi js v, kJb kfv

r™ ls q ˆjd e jfs tf lfo i s V pfq. zk}i v s n pd l kWhf js v, i fi s Ks j d hvk rq ˆhQ [ mf i afKG bf js v, kfrs t kfv r™ lq i dv°jfv rs q pfq. zfv pd l zfs vf s hd w i fi js v, kfrs t s nƒ lfo kfv r™ lqs j oafn j' s v s bq. ˆƒ rt s nƒ u Q , pfv jKf zfïfr k]fv d jkfs h …s ïJ js vs Yb.« (zfr mfl 7892, dkv dmp D 3334 , n r Dr ƒ hs b mfu fr 34 22b Q )

…j¶hfr ƒhs b zfs mv � hs tb, zfd m d bs hlb jvtfm , ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! d js n i d vÛ fB i fWqf nýh?' d kd b hts tb, ªkcd m d bu vnbfs j d bq§Ãs B vfJ. s kfmfv Ov s kfmfv u bA i aw²À s rfj. ( zKG f{, zhnv nms q d bu oxs r zh²¿fb jv.) zfv d bu i fs i v u bA Û Á ¦ lb jv.« (dkv dmp D 24 06b Q )


zd k mrfi fi s pmb, jcIvD , d wjG , mcbfd IjD , ns ¦ lr, ofqv¢ïfrv Hq, ofqv¢ïfrv …i v Hvnf, s Jqft- JcwDv zbcnvB ƒkAfd l ˆhQ mrfi fi s pmb, zrQjfv, jfi G B A, jfi cv¢N kf, d rQnf, d hs äN , i l-s tfH, od lv s tfH, zShL s i am - Hfthfnf, i fd KG h s i am , zKG s i am ƒkAfd l mfbcs N v r™ lqs j jd E b j' s v s kfs t. zs KG v s mfr r™ lqs j zá j' s v s kfs t. s p r™ ls q ˆƒ s waB Dv i fi Kfs j, s n r™ ls qv zfjfw s Ks j hxd óv zfwf jvf Hct. s n r™ lq- Wqftfv y[c zfïfrv Hs q zwa¢- hNG B jvs k i fs v bf.

mfjrCt hs ts Yb, ` pfv i fi nhfv s ys q jm , kfv r™ lq nhfv s ys q bvm .' (ƒ hs b zfdhl lcb Xq f 66b Q )

ƒhs b zfê fn � hs ts Yb, ` d bÇ yq i cB A jfs u v Is t s yrfvfq s u Afd k zfs n, r™ ls q zfs tf zfs n, v¢pDs k hvjk zfs n, s ls r wd ÙÁ zfs n, nxd óv ms b Hfthfnf zfs n. zfv i fi jfs u v Is t s yrfvfq jfd tmf zfs n, r™ ls q zájfv zfs n, v¢pDs k jmd k zfs n, s ls r lchG tkf zfs n, nxd óv ms b d hs äN zfs n.' (zft-Wq fdhtcn n ¶fƒ dq h 1/ 4 3)

i fs i v Is t ms bv i alDs i v j]fs y jfd t i s V pfq, md vyf i sV pfq. zfs vf i fi jvs k Kfjs t kfv …i v zfhvB ys V. kfvi s v kfv …i v kftf i s V pfq. zfv s n mb d j j]fls k i fs v?

5. jcnÌDv nQnoG d bs u Hft rs tW zs bj nmq Jfvfi hácv nQns oG s Ks j r™ lq bó

rs q pfq, yd vÛ ëó rs q pfq. ˆƒ u bA mrfbhD � m ¦ l nfKDs j jfmfs vv nfs K kctbf js vs Yb, pfv i fs w hns t jfi V i cs V pfq zKhf Jfvfi oá i fWqf pfq zKhf s L ]fqfq w¶fns vfL rWqfv …i Û Ám rq.

ëó hác s p Hft hács jW bó js v, s n jKf mrfb zfïfr jcvzfs b hs ts Yb,


,�-/�0 @ 0 0 �"/n 0 0 ¢�s��A C D ��0 0 �//C @ 00 �-./A A 0 �/0 i Q��C 0 @ 0 �J��A @ 0 D �40 0 �-��C A D ��R C 0 � �/0 �Q�/�0 0 @ 0 � Q��C 0 @ 0i ¢@ 0 J��@ C D 0 ��8R A ��dR C 0 � .�@ 0 0 i ��C D 0 0 3�C 0 �YJ��C @ b "*0 @ 0 `2@ C ��^C 0 0 K��Y�0 0 0 K�v��A 0 @ D K��º�C C0 @ C @ h�J�dR A 0 {

�K�>�u�� TF−Tl� zKG f{, nD mftQObjfvD s nd lb d bu r²Àäq lQwb jvs k jvs k

hts h, ` rfq! zfd m pd l vnCs tv nfs K n{i K zhtìb jvkfm . rfq lcs HG fo zfmfv! zfd m pd l zmcjs j hácv™ s i oarB bf jvkfm . zfmfs j zhwAƒ s n d hëf§À js vd Yt zfmfv d bje jcvzfb s i ]Z Ys bfv i v. zfv wqkfb s kf mfbcN s j d hi ljfs t i d vkAfoƒ js v.' (Icv j ¶fb } 27-29)

nÌ- s lfs N s tfrf Hfs n. zbcv™ i hác- s lfs N yd vÛ bfs w. ˆƒ u bA zfhct zfnWqfl lczftD hs ts Yb, ` jcnÌD zs i [f d bjxó nxdó zfïfr zbA d jYc nxd ó js vbd b.'

ƒhs b d rê fb hs ts Yb, ` ÎfbD s tfj Jfvfi s tfs js lv nfrypG oarB js v bf. jfvB , Jfvfi nryv u frfâfs mv ecjvf. ˆ nryv d hs äN nxd ó js v, kfv Hfthfnf nvt rq bf ˆhQ i ad kwa¢d k i ftb js v bf.' (v fWp ¶fkct …j ¶ftf' 1/ 101)

s nƒ r™ ls qv mfbcs N v y[c d j zwa¢i fk jvs k i fs v, s p zShL bfvD -s i as m mcÊ Kfs j? s n s yfs J d j zfïfrv Hs q i fd b oVfs k i fs v, s p s yfJ zShL v™ i W bfvD - s nZ ¦ lpG lwG b j' s v kxd å W zfb¦ l …i s Hfo js v?

zfmfs lv r™ lq jd E b rWqfv nfs K nfs K zfïfrv nfs K zfmfslv nkAd bôkf s bƒ. zfmvf zfïfrs j s L ]fjf s lWqfv s yóf jd v, k]fs j I]fd j d ls q nItkfv ö i ´ s ld J. zfhC mczfd hqf zft- zfnWqfl hs ts Yb, ` zfïfrv nfs K nkAd bôf pfv s hd w zfs Y, kfv s yfJ d Hs u Kfs j.' (ƒ hs b zfdhl lcb Xq f 71b Q )

kfYfVf pfv r™ ls q hAKf s bƒ, kfv y[c j]fls h s jb? pfv r™ ls q s i ad ms jv d hvr- s hlbf s bƒ, kfv s yfs J i fd b zfns h s jb? s p zfïfr W k]fv vnCts j Hfthfs n bf, kfv s yfs J zfïfrv Hs q jfâf zfns h


s jb? ncd Iqfb d hb …qfƒbfr hs ts Yb, ` r™ ls q u Jm Kfjs t y[c d nÙÁ

Kfs j.' (‰ 72b Q ) s mfejKf, r™ lq bvm bf rs t s yfs J i fd b zfns h bf. zkˆh p]fvf

s yfs J i fd b zfbs k yfb, k]fs lv jd E b r™ lqs j s jfmt jvf …d yk.

r™lq bvm jvfv …ifq jd ki q zfmt zfs Y, kf jvs t js E fv r™ ls qv mfbcN s ls J, ðs b W

i s V bvm r™ ls qv rs q s ps k i fs v. zfv kfv Is t- - - zfïfrv kWIDs j- - - kfv s yfs J i fd b zfns k i fs v. s nƒ zfmtÈd t d bmv™ i }-

1 . zfïfrv nc¦ lvkm bfm W È B fhtD ˆhQ k]fv jmG fhtDv Îfb i Cs hG htf rs qs Y s p, s p kfv nxd ójkG f, i ftbjkG f W v¢pDlfkfs j

d ybs h, s n k]fs j Hq jvs h ˆhQ k]fv jfs Y zfwf vfJs h. sn k]fv kvI s Ks j lc}s Jv Hq jvs h W ncs Jv zfwf vfJs h. zfv d hi vDk zfwË fq kfv hcj s hlbfq ebeb jvs h ˆhQ kfv s yfJ s hs q UvUv j' s v zwa¢ i Vs h.

nctfƒmfb lfvfbD hs ts Yb, ` i as kAj d u d bs nv i akDj zfs Y. zfv zfïfrv Hfthfnf W nfrfpA s Ks j hd Ñk rWqfv i akDj rt zfïfrv Hs q jfâf hu G b jvf.' (zft-dhlfq fr zb Xdb r fq fr 10/ 256)

nckvfQ zfïfr pJb hf¦lfsj k]fv Hfthfnf W nfrfpA sKsj hdÑk jsvb, kJb hf¦lfv r™lq jsEfv rsq pfq ˆhQ kfv syfsJ ifdb zfsn bf.

s i ad mj s i ad ms jv nfs K nf[fs kv zfwfq jfâf js v, kfv d hvs rv


Hs q jfâf js v. nckvfQ hf¦ lf pd l zfïfrs j Hfthfs n, kfrs t s n k]fv nf[fs kv zfoas r jfâf jvs h, k]fv wfd ²Àv Hs q jfâf jvs h ˆhQ k]fv n§Âd ó W i cvõ fs vv zfwfq jfâf jvs h.

ˆƒ s kf s nƒ d pjXvjfvD hf¦ lf, s p r™ ls q Hq, Hfthfnf W zfwf s vs J d bu G s b zfïfrs j ±mvB j' s v zwa¢ d hnu G b js v. ˆƒ hf¦ lfƒ s kf k]fv zfvs wv d bs y Yfqf i fs h.

zfïfrv wfd ²À, zfpfh W u frfâfms j Hq jvf, zfïfrs j Hq jvfv i pG fqHcÙÁ. s pmb zfmt jhct bf rWqfv HqW s nƒ s waB Dv Hq. mrfb zfïfr hs tb,

,3/J��0 0C D K-?r/0 A @ A �40 �-?�0 Xm-�>�@ A A A A D <�^�B 0 C 0 X��@ DA 0 q20 C Xm$@ b 0C K-"^�$0 A C 0 {EzpH zKG f{, pfvf kfs lv i ad ki fts jv d bje i akAfhkG b jvs h, ˆƒ

d hw¶fs n kfs lv pf lfb jvhfv kf lfb js v HDk- jd ©i k r™ ls q. (mc'dmb Cb } 60)

zfs qwf ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) zfïfrv vnCt �- s j d u Îfnf jvs tb, ` ˆ ( HDk- jd ©i k) d j s nƒ hAd ÙÁ, s p hAd Hyfv js v, ycd v js v W ml i fb js v?' …Ùs v d kd b hts tb, ªbf, s r d nÜDs jv s hd e! s n rt s nƒ hAd ÙÁ, s p s vfpf vfs J, lfb js v W bfmfp i s V, d j§Â Hq js v s p, kf rqs kf jhct rs h bf.« (dkv dmp D, ƒ hs b mfu fr , r fs j m)

2 . zKG hcs U jcvzfb i fE zKG hcs U jcvzfb d ktfzk jvs t r™ lq bvm rs k hfL A. s ps rkc

jcvzfs b vs qs Y bfbf ƒd krfn, zfs lw W …i s lw. kfYfVf zfïfrv d jkfh i fE j' s v bvm rWqf mc' d mb hf¦ lfs lv Jfn È B . mrfb zfïfr hs ts Yb,


,K2D C 3/J��0 C D �-?��@ A A X�"��0 @ @C 34C �>@ 0��C C �`20 C �Q/0 @ A Xa��@ C @ 0 0 K��¦0 n C 0 K�>`��C C0 @ @ �P�R D A � K-�-./�0 AA 0 0 K�(��0 0 @ A �0 *$� 0 K2C K�Y0 0 ��A @ 0 ��0 *$� 0 h-�"u�R A @ 00 � K��¦�0 n C 0 0 K��>`��C C0 @ @ K-�:�/0 A @ 0 X6�/e/�@ A A C 0 0 ��-��dR A A { ��¥©�

:GpF−Gpl� zKG f{, pfs lvs j ˆv i Cs hG Îfb s lWqf rs qs Y kfs lv d bje pJb êf

i fE jvf rq, kJbƒ kfvf s yrfvf tcd es q d nu lfq i s V ˆhQ hs t, ‚mfs lv i ad ki ftj i d hÛ , mrfb! zhwAƒ ‚mfs lv i ad ki fts jv i ad kwa¢d k jfpG jv rs qƒ Kfs j. ‚v kfvf j]fls k j]fls k HCd ms k tcd es q ( d nu lf) s lq ˆhQ ˆ ( jcvzfb) kfs lv d hbq hxd Ý js v.' (hfb D ƒ n af„t } 107-109)

ˆj vfs Û mcrf©mfl d hb mcbjfd lv j]fls k tfos tb. k]fv hfd Vv s tfj u mf rs q k]fv jfâfv jfvB u fbs k yfƒt. d j§Â jfâfq k]fv d u r¶f zfVó rs q d os qd Yt, d jYc hts k i fvs tb bf. kfƒ kfvf zfhC rfs pms j s Fs j i fE ft. d kd b ˆs n k]fs j d jYc i d vmfB [f§À j' s v jfâfv jfvB d u Îfnf jvs tb. mcrf©mfl hts tb, ` zfd m bfmfs p zfïfrv ˆƒ hfB D i fE jvtfm kfƒ,

,-��@ 00 K�D 0 3/J��0 C CD �-�{A 0 0 �40 C ®$��C @ 0 @ �"�'R C 0 ��4�A 00 @ C �"4A 0 0 ��Q8h@ 0 0 @ 0 �*C C 3�4C �-��C A #�J�"��C 0 0 @ �-�/0 @ 0 <4��.��C C0 0 @ �*�0 0 0 X�A 0 340 b CD%� �40 ¢@ 0 �-�-:/A A 0 Q�0 @ 0K-��0 A C {EcF H�4e��

zKG f{, pfvf nD mftQOb js vs Y; pd l kfs lv i xd KhDv nm ²À d jYc ˆhQ kfv nfs K nm i d vmfB zfvW d jYc Kfjk, kfrs t d jqfms kv d lb d bjxó wfd ²À rs k mcd ÙÁv u bA i B ö v™ i kf i alfb jvk. kfs lv nfms b zfïfrv d bje rs k ˆmb d jYc i ajfw rs h, pf Wvf j¬i bfW js vd b. (p cmfv } 4 7)

ˆ jKf ðs b zfhC rfs pm W j]fls k tfos tb. mcrf©mfl d hb mcbjfd lvW i cbvfq j]fls k ðv¢ jvs tb. hfd Vv s tfs jvf htt, ` zfmvf zfi bfs j …bfv jfâf há jvfv u bA s Fs j i fE ftfm , zfv


zfi d b …bfv jfâf zfs vf hfd Vs q d ls tb!' (dnqfv¢ zf'tfdmb bchftf' 5/355)

3 . r™ lq- otfs bf hÙÁfs lv Wqfp- bnDrk s wfbf.

4. s vfoD s lJs k pfWqf.

5 . mvB fi â s vfoDv u fb jhp lwG b jvf.

6 . tfw s tfqfs bf W jfIbfs bf s lJf W u fbfpfv bfmfs p W lfIbjfs pG zQwoarB jvf.

7 . d bs u v u bA jfIb i a²Âk vfJf. nfrfhfos B v zs bs jƒ d bs u v jfIb d bs u ƒ i a²Âk j' s v

s vs Jd Ys tb. (hcJfv D) Jfê fh � d bs u v jfIb s ls J j]fls kb. (dr tXq fkct zf…dtq f 1/ 14 5)

8 . jhv d pqfvk jvf.

9 . mxkcA W jhv d hN qj ou t s wfbf.

1 0 . bhD � W ld vû nfrfhf �- s lv zHfh- zbes bv u DhbD i Vf.

1 1 . ˆkD m , d mnjDb W zHfhD s tfs js lv zHfh- zd Hs pfo s wfbf.

1 2 . bvm ms bv mfbcN s lv nfs K …E f- hnf jvf.

1 3 . kfrfÏcs lv bfmfp i Vf.

1 4. zfïfrv jfs Y s hd w s hd w lczf jvf. lcƒ s waB Dv mfbcs N v vfd Û zd khfd rk rq, nIt W d hIts lv. zfvhD

jd h hs tb, W�� 4��(�� 4��:�� W�� &�!�� \� ��:*� W�� 4��(�� K-U ¤- d�� W�� &�!�� Y` ¤-4\��


zKG f{, hd Ñks lv vfd Û ofb W d wn äfvf i d vi CB G , zfv s bj s tfs js lv vfd Û jfâf W lczf äfvf i d vi CB G .

hd Ñks lv vfd Û L xókf W bDykf äfvf i d vi CB G , zfv s bj s tfs js lv vfd Û d pjXv W zwa¢ äfvf i d vi CB G .

s yfs J i fd b zfs n bf, s ps rkc lcd bqfv zfb¦ l d bs q s ms k zfs Y mfbcN . i fd KG h ncJ- ns ýfo d bs q mÙ Kfjs t j]flfv nmqƒ s kf zfs n bf.

zs bs j hs t, ` zfmfv nh zfs Y, jD yfƒh? s jb j]flh?' d j§Â pf zfs Y, kf Kfjs h s kf? zfïfr s js V s bs hb bf s kf? ˆmb

hÙÁf d j jhs vv zfpfh s Ks j i d vÛ fs B v nfd eG d Is je s i s q s os Y? u frfâfs mv zfpfh s Ks j mcd ÙÁtfs Hv d bÇ yqkf s i s q s os Y?

zfns t pfs lv r™ ls q ` vrmk' s bƒ, kfvf s nƒ jv¢B f, s jfmtkf W mfqf- m mkf s Ks j hd Ñk.

ªlcHG fof YfVf zbA jfs vf ( r™ lq) s Ks j lqf, d Yd bs q s bWqf rq bf.« (zfrmfl, 2/301, zfhC lf…l 4942, dkvdmpD, ƒhsb drêfb, nrDùt ufsm' 7467bQ)

pfs lv r™ ls q zi s vv i ad k lqf- lfd [ B A W nrfbcHCd k- nrmd mG kf s bƒ, kfvf d j zfs lZ j]fls k i fs v?

z f u … © m f r w k L f d h d ¤ Y â , z k A f y f d v k , d b i D d V k , d b d ° i ó , z h s r d t k , i l l d t k , h d Ñ k , t f d Ò k , s w f j f r k . k h c W d j j f â f z f s n b f ?

… © m f r v s o Z v h z f u t c d Ø k , L C t f L C n d v k . k h c W d j s y f s J i f d b z f s n b f ?

zfu njt d hu fd k …©mfrv d hv¢s Ý ‰ jAhÝ rs qs Y, s pmb s Hfu bjfvDvf s Hfu i fs Û v …i v ˆjd Û k rq. khcW d j y[c zwa¢nu t rq bf?

jk wk d bvi vfL mfbcs N v vÙÁ i ahfd rk s ls JW d j y[cs k zwa¢ i ahfd rk rq bf?

khcW hd t, ˆ nh s kf zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf. zfmvf kjlDvs j d hw¶fn jd v.


zfmvf u fd b, ns hƒ zfmfs lv jtAfB zfs Y. zfïfrv vnCt � hs tb, ªmcd ms bv hAfi fvefƒ zfÇ ypG u bj. kfv

i ad kd e jfs u kfv u bA mÌt vs qs Y. êf mc' d mb hAkDk zbA jfs vf u bA bq. nckvfQ kfv ncJ ˆs t zfïfrv jxkÎkf i ajfw js v. Is t êf kfv u bA mÌtmq rq. zfv lc}J s i ]Z Ys t s n SL pG L fvB js v. Is t êfW kfv u bA mÌtmq rq.« (mcn dtm)

ks h kfv nfs K i d vhkG s bv i as yóf yfƒ. mrfb zfïfr hs tb, ,K2D C 0�%� h0 ~o/A b 0 A �40 �-.*g @ 0 C �QtD 0 ��~o/@ A b 0 A �40 Xa�u�¡*@ C C A @ 0 C �`2�0 C 0 \�$�0 0 0 A�%� �-.*g @ 0 C ��-�R A �80 0 \�4D 0 0 ��A 0 ��4�0 0 X�A 0 34b ��\C C A 34C ��g 0 {EGG H $-� ��

zKGf{, dbÇyq zfïfr sjfb n©ialfsqv zh²¿f idvhkGb jsvb bf; pk[B bf kfvf dbsuslv zh²¿f dbsuvf idvhkGb jsv. zfv sjfb n©ialfsqv n©isjG pdl zfïfr zðH djYc ƒ¤Yf jsvb, kfrst kf vl jvhfv sj… sbƒ ˆhQ dkdb YfVf kfslv sjfb zdHHfhj sbƒ. (vf'l } 11)

,w�`0 C 0 K¡*D 0 C 0�%� ¢@ 0 w/A 0 �~o4R b A0 <"�R 0 @ b �a"��0 00 @ 0 ��0 0 �->g @ 0 �QtD 0 ��~o/@ A b 0 A �40 Xa��u�¡*@ C C A 0 C K��D 0 0 0�%� ��B C 0 X��B C 0 {Ex[ H $-� ��u��

zKG f{, ˆ û bA s p, zfïfr s jfb n©i alfqs j s p n©i l lfb js vb, d kd b kf ( L ¶Qn d ls q) i d vhkG b js vb bf; pk[ B bf kfvf dbs u s lv zh²¿f i d vhkG b js v. zfv d bd Ç yk zfïfr nhG s wafkf, nhG Î. (zfbIft } 53)

jfâfv syóf jvf zs bs jv jfâf zfs n bf. r™ lq jd E b rWqfv jfvs B kfs lv s yfs J

i fd b s hv rs k yfq bf. kJb kfvf jfâfv Hfb js v, j]fs lf j]fs lf mcJ js v. s u fv j' s v j]fls k yfq, zKy s yfs J i fd b zfs n bf.

ˆmb jfâf lc' i ajfv } i awQnbDq W d b¦ lbDq. i awQnbDq rs h kJb, pJb zfïfrv Hs q r™ lqs j bvm j' s v j]flfv


s yóf jvf rs h. i v§Â kfs k ` d vqf' hf s tfji alwG s bv …s ÜwA Kfjs h bf. mfbcs N v jfs Y ncbfm hf i awQnf s bWqfv d bqk Kfjs h bf.

zfv d b¦ lbDq rs h kJb, pJb ` d vqf' W s tfji alwG b …s ÜwA rs h. hlv pcs Ý 7 0 u b jfs Iv mfvf i Vt ˆhQ 7 0 u b h¦ lD rt. êf

jfs Iv W mcnd tms lv i aKm pcÝ d Yt. ˆƒ u bA pcÝh¦ lDs lv hAfi fs v jD L vs bv zfyvB jvf s ps k i fs v ˆ hAfi fs v i CB G v™ s i s jfb d hL fb ±i ó d Yt bf. nckvfQ bhD � s nƒ 7 0 u b h¦ lDs lv hAfi fs v nfrfhfs lv ns Ì i vfmwG jvs tb s p, jD jvf pfs h? kfs lvs j rkAf jvf rs h, bf d jYc mcd ÙÁi B ( d hd bmq) d bs q s Ys V s lWqf rs h? ShL kf d rnfs h ˆƒ lc' d e vfqƒ nd E j d Yt. s nƒ u bA …ÙÁ lc' d e vfq d bs q d hs hj- d hshybf W d y§Àf- Hfhbf jvs k tfos tb. d j§Â jJs bf jJs bf ShL kf W zShL kf s Ks j lxd ó d Id vs q jft- i fÛ W i d vd ²¿d k hcs U zd L jkv …Ùm i §¿f zhtìb jvfv i as qfu b rq. ˆJfs bW zd L jkv jtAfB jv i §¿f zhtìb jvf i as qfu b d Yt. d j§Â ShL kfs j nfms b s vs J zs i [ fjxk jmkv jtAfB jv i §¿f zhtìb jvf rt. s p hAfi fs v nkjG js v zfïfr kfzftfv kvI rs k H{G nbfö v™ i zfqfk zhkD B G rt. …mfv � i aHxd koB bhD �- s j ˆƒ i vfmwG d ls tb s p, jcIXs vv wd ÙÁ W i akfi s j s Hs Ì s Itf lvjfv zfs Y. ˆƒ u bA h¦ lDs lvs j rkAf jvf s rfj. s jbbf, ˆvf rt jcIXv W jfs Ivs lv i aL fb W n©mfd bk hAd ÙÁ. ˆvf mcd ÙÁ s i s t ƒntfm W mcnd tms lv d hv¢s Ý zd L jv™ s i yÛ Áf§À yftfs h. i [f§Às v zfhc hfjXv � i aHxd koB …mfv �- ˆv vfs qv d hi vDk vfq s i w jvs tb s p, kfs lv jfY s Ks j mcd ÙÁi B ( d hd bmq) d bs q kfs lvs j s Ys V s lWqf s rfj. zfv ‰ mft äfvf zfofmD pcs Ýv u bA i a²Âd k s bWqf s rfj. bhD � ˆƒ vfqs j i afL fbA d ls tb. kJb ˆ hAfi fs v zfqfk zhkD B G rt,


,�� ®�� K�/�? ®$�� 3L�/ �Qt ª¥� �� K-:/ K� i�0 � K�Y �4n A A D0 00 @ @ ½ 00 @ 0 @ 0C C 0 CC 0 A 0 A 0C C0 0 00 A 0 �/�/ A%�� A @C A 0 0 X�:t e/e� A%�� d¯�B 0C C0 0B 0C 0EzF HX��s� #�J�� X?Jd� ]�8 X:�� 01�� C%� 34 #�QY h-�B @ 0 @ D 0C C C C0 0B 0 @ B @0 @ 00A 00 0 A 0{

EzkH��u�� zKG f{, s ls w n©i CB G Hfs h wÛ ¢ d bi fk bf jvf i pG §À h¦ lD vfJf s jfb

bhDv u bA nÌk bq. s kfmvf jfmbf jv i fd KG h n©i l ˆhQ zfïfr yfb i vs tfs jv jtAfB . zfv zfïfr i vfÛ ÁmwftD , i aÎfmq. zfïfrv i ChG d hL fb ( d td i hÝ) bf Kfjs t s kfmvf pf oarB js vY, kfv u bA s kfmfs lv …i v mrfwfd ²À zfi d kk rk. (zfbIft } 67-68, zfrnfbct hfqfb)

i vhkG Ds k bhD �- ˆv jfs Y ˆs tb ˆhQ s lJs tb, d kd b W k]fv nfs K zfhC hfjXv j]fls Yb. …mfv hts tb, ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! jDs nv u bA j]fls Yb, zfmfs j htcb. i fvs t zfd m W j]flh. zfv bf i fvs t zfi bfs lv lc' u s bv jfâfv jfvs B zfd m jfâfv Hfb jvh.' (mcn dtm)

…mfs vv ˆ jKf ðs b bhD � s jfb zfi d Ù js vbd b. zfv kfv mfs b kf d b¦ lbDq bq.

zfècïfr d hb zfmXv � hs tb, ` s kfmvf j]fl. j]fls k bf i fvs t j]flfv Hfb jv. s kfmvf pd l nd E j Jhv u fbs k, kfrs t s kfmfs lv i as kAs j kk[ B bfmfp i Vk, pk[ B d i E s Hs Ì bf s os Y ˆhQ kk[ B j]flk, pk[ B ö v s Hs Ì bf s os Y!' (r fs j m, n r Dr kfv oDh 3328b Q )

zfmfv bhD j]flskb zfs oW htf rs qs Y, zfmfs lv lcƒ u frfs bv nlG fv � j]fls kb.

zhwA k]fv jfâf d Yt k]fv rfd nv ms kfƒ. zKG f{, d kd b …¤y vs h j]fls kb bf, s pmb zÕrfd n rfns kb bf. jfâfv nmq k]fv lcƒ y[c s hs q zwa¢L fvf i ahfd rk rk. jJs bf jJs bf k]fv hcs jv d Hkv s Ks j


z±Ice jfâfv zfWqfu zfnk. d kd b jJs bf s jfb mxkhAd ÙÁv i ad k s wfjfkG rs q s j]s ls Yb. jJs bf

d bu …©ms kv i ad k mfqf W lqfhwk} jfâf js vs Yb. jJs bf zfïfrv Hs q s j]s ls Yb. jJs bf jcvzfb ðs b k]fv s yfs J i fd b ˆs ns Y. zfv s n i fd b rt HqpcÙÁ Hd ÙÁ W Hfthfnfq jfâfv Itwa¢d k. (p flct mfzfl1/ 175)

zftD � hs tb, hlv pcs Ýv d lb d mj¶lfl YfVf zbA s j… zw¶fs vfrD d Yt bf. vfs Û zfmfs lv njs tƒ Ocd ms q d Yt. s jht zfïfrv vnCt � Iu v i pG §À ofs Yv d bs y bfmfp i s V j]fld Ys tb. (n r Dr kfv oDh 3/ 163)

zfbfn � hs tb, ` bhD � ˆv ˆj jbAf ( …s ©m jctN Cm ) ˆv lfIb jfs pG v nmq zfd m …i d ²¿k d Ytfm . s lJtfm , zfïfrv vnCt � jhs vv i fs w hs n zfs Yb. zfv k]fv s yfJ lc' d e zwa¢d nÙÁ d Yt. zk}i v ( tfw bfmfs bfv nmq) d kd b hts tb, ªs kfmfs lv ms L A ˆmb s j… zfs Y d j, s p ( ok) vfs Û ²ÃD nrhfn js vd b?« zfhc kftrf hts tb, ` zfd m zfd Y, s r zfïfrv vnCt!' d kd b hts tb, ªkfrs t kcd m Wv jhs v bfs mf.« ˆ ðs b zfhC kftrf jhs v bfms tb. (hcJfv D 1285b Q , r fs j m 4 / 4 7, hfƒ r fj D 4 / 53, zfr mfl 3/ 126 iamcJ)

zfècïfr ƒhs b …mfv � hs tb, nf' l ƒhs b …hflfr � ˆjhfv i Dd Vk rs t zfècv vrmfb ƒhs b zfWI, nf' l ƒhs b zfhD zÄ fn ˆhQ zfècïfr ƒhs b mfn†l �s lv nfs K vfnCtcïfr � k]fv d bje jcwt d u Îfnfv u bA s os tb. pJb d kd b k]fv d bje …i d ²¿k rs tb, kJb k]fs j zÎfb zh²¿fq s i s tb. d kd b d u Îfnf jvs tb, W dj mfvf s os Y? s tfs jvf u hfh d lt, s r zfïfrv vnCt! bf ( mfvf pfqd b) . kJb vfnCtcïfr � s js ]l s Its tb. nckvfQ s tfs jvf pJb vfnCtcïfr �- s j jfâf jvs k s lJt, kJb kfvfW jf]ls k tfot. d kd b hts tb, ªs kfmvf d j ðbs k i fW bf? d b}ns ¦ ls r zfïfr s yfs Jv zwa¢ Uvfhfv u bA wfd ²À s lb bf ˆhQ zf§Àd vj lc}J i ajfs wv u bAW wfd ²À s lb bf.


d j§Â d kd b s kf êfv jfvs B wfd ²À s lb zKhf lqf js vb.« ˆƒ hs t d kd b d bu d u s Hv i ad k ƒd Ìk jvs tb. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

…nfmfr � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv d bje kf]v bfd ks j kfv mcmCN G zh²¿fq zfbf rt. ( Ws j s ls J) vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv y[cäq rs k zwa¢ Uvs k tfot. nf' l hts tb, ` s r zfïfrv vnCt! ˆ jD ?' d kd b hts tb, ªêf vrmk ( lqf) ; pf zfïfr kf]v hf¦ lfs lv z§Àsv s vs Js Yb. zfv zfïfr kf]v hf¦ lfs lv ms L A lqftcs lv i ad kƒ lqf js vb.« (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

zfbfn � rs k hd B G k, vfnCtcïfr � kf]v i cÛ ƒhafrDs mv d bje s os tb, pJb s n mfvf pfd ¤Yt. vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv lc' s yfJ d ls q zwa¢i fk rs k tfot. zfècv vrmfb ƒhs b zfWI k]fs j hts tb, ` zfi d bW ( jf]ls Yb) ? s r zfïfrv vnCt!' d kd b � hts tb, ªs r zfWs Iv i cÛ ! êf lqf.« zk}i v d äkDqhfv s js ]l s Its tb. kfvi v hts tb, ªs yfJ zwa¢i fk jvs Y ˆhQ z§Àv lc}d Jk rs ¤Y. zfmvf s n jKfƒ hth, pf zfïfrs j n§Âó jvs h. zfv s r ƒhafrD m ! zfmvf s kfmfv d hvs r lc}d Jk.« (hcJfv D, mcn dtm dj Y c zQ w )

hfvf' d hb zfs ph � hs tb, ˆjlf zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt �- ˆv nfs K d Ytfm . rE f{ d kd b ˆjlt s tfj s lJs k s i s q hts tb, ªjD hAfi fs v Wvf u mfs qk rs qs Y?« s j… htt, ` ˆju s bv jhv s J]fVfv u bA u mfs qk rs qs Y.' ˆjKf wcs b zfïfrv vnCt � Ofhs V …E s tb. d kd b kd VOd V nÌDs lv kAfo js v jhs vv d bje s i ]Z s Y r]fec s os V hs n s os tb. d kd b jD jvs Yb kf s lJfv u bA zfd m k]fv nfms b JfVf rtfm . s lJtfm , d kd b j]fls Yb. i d vs ws N d kd b ˆk j]fls tb s p, kfv s yfs Jv i fd bs k mfd e i pG §À d Hs u s ot. zk}i v d kd b zfmfslv d ls j mcJ kcs t hts tb, ªs r zfmfv Hfƒ njt! ˆmb d ls bv u bA s kfmvf i a²Âd k bfW.« (hcJfvD, kfvDJ, ƒhsb mfufr 4195, zfrmfl 4/394, dntdntfr nrDrfr 1751 bQ)

ƒhsb mfn†l � hstb, ˆjlf vfnCtcïfr � zfmfsj htstb, ªkcdm zfmfv nfmsb jcvzfb dktfzk jv.« …Ùsv zfdm zfvu jvtfm,


`zfdm zfibfv nfmsb dktfzk jvh, zKy kf zfibfv …iv zhkDBG jvf rsqsY?' dkdb htstb, ªzfdm zsbAv jfY sKsj kf ðbsk Hfthfdn.« zkˆh zfdm nCvf `dbnf' dktfzk jvtfm. idvswsN pJb zfdm ˆ zfqfsk ˆsn si]ZYtfm; pfv zKG, ªkJb kfslv jD zh²¿f rsh, pJb iaskAj n©ialfq sKsj ˆjub nf[D (bhD) …id²¿k jvh ˆhQ skfmfsjW kfslv nf[Dv™si …id²¿k jvh?« kJb dkdb zfmfsj htstb, ªpsKó, ˆhfv Kfm.« zfdm kfdjsq slJtfm, kf]v lc'syfJ sKsj zfwa¢Lfvf iahfdrk rs¤Y. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)

ˆ zfqfk ðs b d kd b j]fls tb. jfvB , d kd b d jqfms kv Hqfhrkfv jKf ±mvB jvs tb. s nJfs b njt mfbcs N v u bA nf[A d ls k rs h, njs tv u bA nci fd vw jvs k rs h ƒkAfd l jKf ms b j' s v k]fv y[c zwa¢s k i d vi CB G rs q …E t.

ntsI n¶fstrDsbv jfâf dhNqj hfBD W bmcbf

nfrfhfs q d jvfm zfïfrv Hs q s hd w s hd w jfâf jvs kb. s psrkc k]fvf kf d ws Jd Ys tb k]fs lv zflwG mrfbhD �- ˆv d bje s Ks j. k]fvf zfïfrv mfd vIfs kv lnG s i s qd Ys tb k]fvƒ jfs Y nvfnd v. k]fvf d Ys tb zfïfr W k]fv vnCs tv u bA d bs hd lk i afB . s wfs j- lc}s J k]fvf d Ys tb k]fv zbcok nfKD . k]fv i ad k d Yt k]fs lv zofL d hw¶fn, z§ÀrDb Hd ÙÁ. k]fv lc}s J k]fvf j]fls kb. ƒntfs mv nfmfbAkm [d kW k]fs lv r™ ls q hAKfv nxd ó jvk.

k]fvf k]fv …i s ls w mcÊ rs kb. u fâfk W u frfâfs mv jKf ðs b j]fls kb. zfbfn � hs tb, vfnCtcïfr � ˆjlf zfmfs lvs j ˆmb HfN B ðbfs tb s p, Wv mk ( HfN B ) jJs bfW ðd bd b. d kd b htstb, ªpf zfd m u fd b kf pd l s kfmvf u fbs k, kfrs t s kfmvf jm rfns k


ˆhQ zd L j j]fls k.« ( ˆ jKf ðs b) vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv nfrfhD oB k]fs lv s yrfvf s Ts j d bs tb ˆhQ kfs lv d htfs i v s vft zfns k tfot. (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

nhG s waô nfrfhD i aKm JtD If vnCt �- ˆv w¶ðv zfhC hfjXv d nÜDj � j]fls kb. u Dhb- nfqfs rÁ vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv jó s hs V s ot, kJb kf]s j ( u fmfzfk nrjfs v) bfmfp i Vfv hAfi fs v d u Îfnf jvf rt. d kd b hts tb, ªs kfmvf zfhC hfjXvs j bfmfp i Vfs k ht.« dj§Â k]fv jbAf zfs qwf d nÜDjfr ( vfd p¶qfïfù zfbrf) hts tb, ` zfhC hfjXv bvm ms bv mfbcN , jcvzfb i Vs tƒ d kd b jfâf nfmfts k i fs vb bf.' d j§Â i cbvfq d kd b hts tb, ªkf]s j bfmfp i Vfs k ht.«

zbA ˆj hB G bfq zfs Y, zfs qwf hts tb, ` zfhC hfjXv pJb zfi bfv u fqofq lf]Vfs hb, kJb d kd b jfâfv jfvs B s tfs js lvs j ( jcvzfb) ðbfs k i fvs hb bf.' (hcJfv D W mcn dtm)

d kd b hts kb, ` s kfmvf j]fls k bf i fvs t, j]flfv Hfb jv.' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr 8/ 297)

d äkDq JtD If vnCt �- ˆv w¶ðv …mfv d hb JfÙ¶fh � hV u ]fls vt mfbcN d Ys tb. k]fs j s ls J wqkfb i pG §À Hs q zbA vf²Àf L vk. d kd bW j]fls kb. zfècïfr d hb wfÜfl hs tb, ` ˆjlf nhG s wN jfkfsv s Ks jW zfd m …mfs vv jfâfv wè ðbd Ytfm . kJb d kd b i Vd Ys tb,

,]�20 D C -:M�A @ 0 i�*b 0 �et�C @ A 0 q20 C C�%�{E kz H $-� ��-/ zKG f{, ` zfd m zfmfv znrbDq s hlbf W lc}J ðL c zfïfrvƒ d bje

d bs hlb jvd Y. (ƒ …n cI } 86, ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr 8/ 297) zfhC zfnDs lv ö fL Dbjxk lfn zfhC nf„l hs tb, ` …mfv bfmfp s ws N

s tfs js lvs j mnd u l s Ks j s hv j' s v d ls kb. ˆjlf d kd b zfm fs lv d bje ˆs tb. zk}i v pJb d kd b d bu nÌDs lvs j s lJs tb, kJb lcvG f ( yfhcj) s Is t d ls q hs n s os tb. d kd b hts tb, ` s kfmvf ( zfmfv u bA) lczf jv.' nÌDvf lczf jvs tb. i as kAs jƒ lczf jvs tb.


zhs ws N zfmfv lczfv i fd t ˆt. zfd m lfn rs qW lczf jvtfm . zfd m k]fs j s lJtfm , d kd b lczf jvs Yb W ˆmb j]fls Yb s p, s n j]flf n§Àfbrfvf mfs qW j]fs l bf. kf s ls J zfd m ms b ms b httfm , ` ]vƒ u bA s kfmvf ht, d kd b hV js E fv- r™ lq!' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr 8/ 296)

zfbfn � hs tb, ˆj nmq zfd m bhD �- ˆv d bje ˆtfm . kJb d kd b s YfhVfv ld V d ls q s hfbf Jfs ev Wi v ðs q d Ys tb. k]fv mfKfv d bs y s Ju cv s YfhVfv ³ kd v ˆjd e hfd tw d Yt. k]fv s lr W Jfs ev mfs U ˆjd e mfÛ jfi V d Yt. ( kfs k k]fv s ls r lfo i s V d os qd Yt.) ƒd kms L A …mfv � k]fv jfs Y ˆs tb. k]fv ˆƒ zh²¿f s ls J d kd b s j]s l s Its tb. bhD � k]fs j hts tb, ªjDs nv u bA j]flY …mfv?« …mfv � hts tb, ` zfïfrv jnm ! zfd m ˆ u bA j]fld Y s p, zfd m u fd b zfi d b zfïfrv d bje d jnvf W jfqnfv zs i [f zd L j mpG flfhfb. d j§Â kfvf lcd bqfq jk nc¦ lv u Dhb- pfi b jvs Y. zfv zfi db zfïfrv vnCt rWqf ns Ù¶W ˆƒ zh²¿fq u Dhb- pfi b jvs Yb!' bhD � k]fs j hts tb, ª…mfv! kcd m d j ˆs k n§Âó bW s p, kfs lv u bA lcd bqf s rfj, zfv zfmfs lv u bA zfs Jvfk?« …mfv hts tb, ` zhwAƒ s r zfïfrv vnCt!' d kd b hts tb, ªkfrs t s kmbefƒ rs h.« (hcJfv D, zft-zflfhct mcIv fl)

kxkDq JtD If vnCt �- ˆv lcƒ jbAf d hhfs rv s nZ HfoA tfHjfvD u fmfkf …N mfb d hb zfIXIfb � j]fls kb. d kd b pJb s jfb jhs vv i fs w l]fVfs kb, kJb ˆk jf]lf j]fls kb s p, s yfs Jv i fd bs k kf]v lfd V d Hs u s pk. s j… k]fs j htt, ` u fâfk W u frfâfs mv zfs tfybfjfs t zfi d b s kf j]fs lb bf, zfv ˆƒ jhv s ls J ˆk j]fls Yb?' …Ùs v d kd b hts tb, ` s ps rkc zfïfrv vnCt � hs ts Yb, ªi vjfs tv ( i s Kv) md ÓtnmCs rv i aKm md Ót rt jhv. nckvfQ s p hAd ÙÁ ˆ md Ós t d bvfi Ùf tfH js v kfv u bA i vhkG D md ÓtnmCr


zs i [fjxk nru rs q pfq. zfv pd l s n ˆJfs b d bvfi Ùf tfH bf jvs k i fs v, ks h kfv i vhkG D md Ótocs tf zfs vf jd E bkv rq.« zfv d kd b ˆ jKfW hs ts Yb s p, ªzfd m pk lxwAƒ s ls Jd Y, s n nshv s ys q zd L j d hHDd N jfmq rt jhv!« (nrDr dkvdmpD 1878, ƒhsb mfufr 4267bQ)

ˆjlf zfècv vrmfb d hb zfWI �- ˆv d bje k]fv Jfhfv zfbf rt. d kd b hts tb, ` mcnzfh d hb …mfƒv d brk rs tb. d kd b zfmfv s ys q Hft s tfj d Ys tb. k]fs j jfIbfs bfv nmq ˆjd e yflv YfVf zbA d jYc u cet bf. rfmpf ( zKhf zbA ˆju b) d brk rs tb. d kd b zfmfv s ys q Hft s tfj d Ys tb. k]fs j jfIbfs bfv nmq ˆjd e yflv YfVf zbA d jYc u cet bf. ˆJb zfmfv Hq rq s p, rqs kf zfmfs lv i cB Avfd w i fd KG h u Dhs bƒ s Hfo jvs k s lWqf rs qs Y.' zk}i v d kd b j]fls k tfos tb. (hcJfv D)

zfbfn � hs tb, vnCt �- ˆv u Dhbfhnfs bv i v zfhC hfjXv d nÜDj � …mfv �- s j hts tb, ` ytcb, zfmvf …s ©m zfƒmfs bv nfs K nf[f{ jvs k pfƒ, s pmb vfnCtcïfr � k]fv nfs K nf[f{ jvs k s ps kb.' nckvfQ pJb k]fvf …s ©m zfƒmfs bv jfs Y s i ]Z Ys tb, kJb d kd b s j]s l s Its tb. zk}i v k]fvf kf]s j hts tb, ` kcd m jf]lY s jb? kcd m d j u fs bf bf s p, zfïfrv jfs Y pf vs qs Y, kf vfnCtcïfr �-ˆv ( lcd bqf s Ks j) zd L j …Ùm ?' d kd b …Ùv d ls tb, ` zfd m ˆ u bA jfâf jvd Y bf s p, vfnCtcïfr �- ˆv u bA zfïfrv d bje pf vs qs Y, kf zd L jkv …Ùm - - - s n jKf zfd m u fd b bf. d j§Â zfd m ˆ u bA jf]ld Y s p, zfnmfb rs k WrD zfnf há rs q s ot.' …s ©m zfƒmfb ( kf]v ˆ lc}Ju bj jKf äfvf) ‰ lc' u bs j jf]ls k hfL A jvs tb. Is t kf]vfW kf]v nfs K jf]ls k tfos tb. (mcn dtm)

nftmfb Ifs vnD � hs ts Yb, ` d kbd e d u d bn ±mvB j' s v zfmfv jfâf zfs n, zfmfv d i aqu b mcrf©mfl W k]fv nfrfhfhs oG v d hvr hAKf,


mvB - p§ÃB fv d hd Hd N jfmq lxwA ˆhQ d hw¶u frfs bv i ad ki ftsjv n©mcs J l×fqmfb zh²¿. u fd b bf s p, zfmfv omb u frfâfs m rs h, bfd j u fâfs k!' (dr tXq fkct zf…dtq f 1/ 207, dn ¶Ifkcn n ¶fIXWq fr 1/ 54 8)

ˆjlf rfnfb hfnvD ( v}) ˆv d bje ƒIkfvDv u bA i fd b zfbf rt. d kd b kf mcs Jv d bje d bs q j]fls k tfos tb. jfvB d u Îfnf jvf rs t d kd b hts tb, ` u frfâfmhfnDs lv i fd bv zfjf£ [f W kf i CvB bf rWqfv jKf ±mvB j' s v jfâf jvd Y! ( mrfb zfïfr hs ts Yb, )

,ª\��0 00 #�()�A 0 @ 0 $�D ��C #�()�0 0 @ 0 <D ±�C 0 @ K�@ 0 ;�8�A C 0�-@ �0 ��@ 0 0 340 C ��0@ ��@ 0 ��£D C X�:>O$A 0A 0 0 A�%� �-��>@ 0A K2D C 0�%� ]a4�t0 0 DA 0 ��0 0 3/�8�:��0 C C 0 @ {Exp H $-� ��

zKG f{, u frfâfmDvf u fâfkDs lvs j zfrhfb j' s v hts h, ` zfmfs lv …i v d jYc i fd b s Ts t lfW zKhf zfïfr u Dd hjfv™ s i s kfmfslvs j pf d ls qs Yb, kf rs k d jYc lfW.' kfvf hts h, ` zfïfr ˆ lc' des j zd hÇ hfnDs lv u bA d bd N Ý js vs Yb.' (zf'vfI } 50, drtXqfkct zf…dtqf 6/189)

ƒhafrD m bfJfqD znc²¿ zh²¿fq j]fls k tfos tb. jfâfv jfvB d u Îfnf jvf rs t d kd b hts tb, ` zfd m s jb j]flh bf? zfd m s p zfmfv i ad ki fts jv lCs kv zs i [fq zfd Y, d pd b zfmfs j ncnQhfl s ls hb zKhf lc}nQhfl.' (ƒhsb zfhD wfƒhfr 8/278, drtXqfkct zf…dtqf 4/224)

zfècïfr d hb zfê fn � hÖ bvm mfbcN d Ys tb. d kd b zfïfrv Hs q ˆk j]fls kb s p, htf rq, k]fv Is t d kd b zá rs q d osqd Ys tb. s yfs Jv i fd b hs q hs q k]fv ofs tv …i v lfo i s V d os qd Yt. (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr )

zbcv™ i zfècïfr d hb …mfv �- ˆv zd L jfd L j jfâfv Is t k]fv ofs t lc' d e jfs tf lfo d Yt. (dr tXq fkct zf…dtq f 1/ 51) k]fv d i kf …mfv �- ˆv ofs tW ˆjƒ lfo d Yt. (ðzfhct „mfb , hfƒ r fj ¶D 1/ 4 93, dn ¶Ifkcn n ¶fIXWq fr 1/ 286)

‰ ˆjƒ lfo d Yt bhD qAfrXqAf d hb pfjfd vqfv ofs t. (dr tXq fkct


zf…dtq f 8/ 14 9) zfècïfr d hb zfmXv d hb zfn � hts kb, ` ˆj rfu fv lDbfv lfb

jvf zs i [f zfïfrv Hs q zwa¢- d hnu G b jvf zfmfv d bje zd L j i Y¦ lbDq.' (ðzfhct „mfb , hfƒ r fj ¶D 1/ 502, dn ¶Ifkcn n ¶fIXWq fr 1/ 658)

jf' h zft- zfrhfv � hs ts Yb, ` zfmfv s ls rv Wu b i d vmfB ö B G lfb jvf zs i [f zfïfrv Hs q jfâfq lcƒ ofs t zwa¢ hs q pfWqf zfmfv d bje zd L j i Y¦ lbDq. s nƒ nÙfv jnm , p]fv rfs k jf' s hv i afB zfs Y! s jfb mcnd tm zfïfrv Hs q jfâf j' s v ˆj d h¦ lc zwa¢ mfd es k s Its t kfs j u frfâfm ±i wG jvs h bf; pk[ B bf s mO s Ks j Us v i Vf hxd ó s ms O d Is v pfq. zfv kf s jfbd lb d Ivhfv bq.' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr 7/ 226, dr tXq fkct zf…dtq f 5/ 366)

zfhC ùvfƒvf � k]fv ( s wN ) s vfs o j]fls k tfos tb. k]fs j d u Îfnf jvf rt, ` jDs nv u bA j]fls Yb zfi d b?' d kd b hts tb, ` s wfs bf! zfd m s kfmfs lv ˆƒ lcd bqfv u bA j]fd ld b. zfd m j]fld Y zfmfv nIs vv lCvk¶ W nìs tv ö ¬i kfv u bA! zfd m ˆJb u fâfk zKhf u frfâfs mv d ls j yVs k s ts od Y. zfv u fd b bf s p, lc' d ev ms L A s jfbXd ev d ls j zfmfs j L s v d bs q pfWqf rs h!' (dr tXq fkct zfWdtq f)

Icp¶ftfr d hb n¶fƒID Jch j]flfjfd e jvs kb. ˆj hAd ÙÁ k]fs j s lJf jvs k d os q s lJt, d kd b j]fls Yb. s n ˆ hAfi fs v k]fv ²ÃDs j d u Îfnf jvs t hts tb, ` …d b ms b js vb, …bfs j hV lCv nIs v s ps k rs h. zfv …bfv ns Ì s jfb i fs Kq s bƒ.' (zft-mcldr w , ƒ hb ct u fWp D 1/ 204 )

zfk¶f nctfƒmDs j lcd Ç y§Àfoa²À ( rs q j]fls k) s ls J d u Îfnf jvf rt, ` s jb ˆ lcd Ç y§Àf ( s jb ˆ jfâf) ?' …Ùs v d kd b hts tb, ` rfq rfq! mvB zfmfv Ofs V, jhv zfmfv Ov, d jqfmk zfmfv l]fVfhfv u fqof, u frfâfs mv i ct ( d nvfk) zfmfv i K. zfv u fd b bf s p, zfmfv nfs K jD zfyvB jvf rs h!' (dn ¶Ifkcn n ¶fIXWq fr 3/ 327)

rfnfb hfnvD ˆj vfs Û s j]s l …E s tb. kf s ls J hfd Vv s tfsjW


j]fls k ðv¢ jvt. jfvB d u Îfnf jvf rs t d kd b hts tb, ` ˆjd e s ofbfrv jKf ms b i s V s ot, kfƒ jfâf ˆs n s ot!' (kfhdn ¶v fr , ƒ hb ct u fWp D 1/ 280)

mlDbfv oHbG v …mfv d hb zfèct zfpDs pv d bje ˆj hAd ÙÁ jcvzfb i s V ðbft,

,�`2�0 C 0 �-.��A @ A �a@ 40 C ��:4R 0 0 �.��R b 0 ��.40 C D A0 �-�\@ 00 w��0 60 C A �yA A�$-R {�K�>�u�� : G[� zKG f{, pJb r²Ài l wx£ Jd tk zh²¿fq Ws lvs j kfv s jfb nQjD B G

²¿fs b d bs [ i jvf rs h, kJb Wvf s nJfs b L ¶Qn jfmbf jvs h. (Icvj¶fb } 13) kf ðs b d kd b …¤y ö s v s j]s l s Its tb. k]fv jfâfv wè …]yc rs q

s os t d kd b mu d tn s Ys V …s E d os q d bu hfnfq i as hw jvs tb ˆhQ s tfs jvfW i a²¿fb jvt. (zflX-lfWtfkct … mfdhq Afr 3/ 125)

nfs hk ( v}) Jch jfâfjfd e jvs kb. ˆmbd j s hd w jfâfv u bA k]fv y[c bó rWqfv …i Û Ám rt. hfd Vv s tfj FfÙÁfv s Fs j ˆs b dyd j{nf jvfs k yfƒt. FfÙÁfv hts tb, ` zfd m zfi bfv s yfs Jv d yd j{nf jvh, ks h zfmfv jKf s ms b yts k rs h.' d kd b hts tb, ` kf jD ?' FfÙÁfv hts tb, ` zfi d b zfv j]fls k i fvs hb bf.' d kd b hts tb, ` pd l s yfJ j]fls kƒ bf i fs v, kfrs t kfv jtAfB ƒ zfv jD ?' zk}i v d yd j{nf jvs k zö Djfv jvs tb! (dr tXq fkct zfWdtq f 2/ 323)

,��@ 0 K-��0 A 0 @ 0 ��D 0 h0 ��A 0 @ 0 X6¥@ A D C X6�-P��A 0 @ 00 { � $-� ��de��: kp� zKG f{, Wvf d j ms b js v s p, zfd m Ws lv s ofi b d hN q W s ofi b

i vfms wG v Jhv vfd J bf? (p cJv ¢I } 80) jcvzfs bv ˆƒ zfqfk i s V ˆjlf ncd Iqfb nWvD ` zhwAƒ s r

i ad ki ftj! zhwAƒ s r i ad ki ftj!' hts k hts k lDOG nmq oxs rv Yfs lv d ls j kfd js q s j]s l s j]s l zwa¢ d hnu G b js vs Yb. (zfdv GÄ¶fkc zt-hcj f 1/ 56)

s jfb s jfb nts I nfs trDb d lhfvfd Û jfâf jvs kb. jfvB d u Îfnf


jvf rs t d kd b hts kb, ` zfïfr zfmfs j i fi jvs k s ls Js Yb. zfmfv Hq rq, d kd b rqs kf hts hb, ªlCv rs q pf zfmfv jfY s Ks j. zfd m s kfv i ad k vfofd ¦ hk.« (zfp X-p fr v ¢t If-dq r , ƒ hb ct u fp v D 1/ 30)

ˆƒ u bAƒ ncd Iqfb nWvD j]fls kb ˆhQ hts kb, ` zfmfv Hq rq s p, rqs kf mvs B v nmq „mfb d Yd bs q s bWqf rs h.' (drtXqfkct zfWdtqf 7/12)

ƒnmf„t d hb pfjfd vqf hs tb, rfhDh d hb mcrf©mfl zfmfv i ad ks hwD d Ys tb. njft- náAfq zfd m k]fv jfâf ðbs k s i kfm . ˆjd lb k]fv ²ÃDs j jfâfv jfvB d u Îfnf jvs t d kd b hts tb, ` zfïfrv jnm ! …bfv Hq rq, náAf rs t rqs kf …d b njft i fs hb bf, zfv njft s i s t rqs kf zfv náAf i fs hb bf!' (kfhdn ¶v fr , ƒ hb ct u fWp D 2/ 53)

ƒqfpDl vfÄ ¶fwD Jch j]fls kb. ˆ hAfi fs v s j… zfi d Ù j' sv kfs j htt, ` u frfâfm pd l zfi bfv u bA nxd ó rk, kfrs t rqs kf ˆv s ys q s hd w j]fls kb bf!' d kd b hts tb, ` u frfâfm zfmfv u bA, zfmfv nfKDs lv u bA ˆhQ mfbh- lfbh Hfƒs lv u bA YfVf d j zbA jfs vf u bA nxd ó rs qs Y?' (zfkX-kfJhDIc dmb fâfv 1/ 34 )

…mfv d hb pfv hs tb, ` zfd m pJbƒ s jfb s vflbjfvDs j s ld J, kJbƒ zfmfv ms b rq s p, kfv …i v vrmk hN G B rs ¤Y.' (zfdv GÄ¶fkc zt-hcj f 1/ 5)

ncd Iqfb d hb …qfƒbfr hs tb, ` jfâf rt kfWhfv ˆjef yfd h. s lJ bf, jfâfjfvD bma W zbckå rq?' (‰ 1/ 6)

zfhc hfjXv d nÜDs jv pcs o ƒqfmfb s Ks j d jYc s tfj ˆs n jcvzfb wahB j' s v j]fls k tfot. d kd b hts tb, ` zfmvf ˆƒ vjm ƒ dYtfm , kfvi v r™ lq jd E b rs q s os Y.' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr 8/ 296)

zfècïfr d hb mfn†s lv YfÛ rfs vN d hb ncWqfƒl ˆjlf nCvf d ptpft i s V s wN j' s v j]fls k tfos tb ˆhQ hts tb,

,380 0 W"/@ 0 @ 0 ��.�40 0 @ C $`g D 0 �~dR @ 0 ��/A 00E F H34�0 0 W"/@ 0 @ 0 ��.�40 0 @ C $`g D 0 �� 0 ��/A 00 {Ek H


zKG f{, nckvfQ s j… zBc i d vmfB Hfs tf jfu jvs t, s n kf slJs k i fs h ˆhQ s j… zBc i d vmfB m¦ l jfu jvs t, kfW s n s lJsk i fs h. (dp tp ft } 7-8)

ˆ i d vnQJAf s kf hV jd E b!' (ƒ hs b zfhD w fƒ hfr 8/ 299) mfbnCv d hb mc' kfd mv zfïfrs j Jch Hq jvs kb ˆhQ k]fv Hs q Jch

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zfèct rfmDl mflfbD - Bangali Islamic Books New Folder (4... · rfdn W jfâf 1 zfèct rfmDl mflfbD 2 rfdn W jfâf nCyDiÛ HdC mjf rfd n 1 bhD - ˆv rfd n 5 jfâf 8 jfâfv …i jfd