Name: __________________________ Class: _____________________ Date: _____________________

Respiratory System Study Guide

Upper Respiratory AnatomyLabel each of the following structures.

Lower Respiratory Anatomy

Label each of the following structures:

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Name: ___________________________ Class: ______________________ Date: ____________________

Vocabulary1. Visceral pleura -

2. Parietal pleura -

3. Pleural fluid –

4. Pericardium -

5. Olfactory receptors -

6. Trachea –

7. Esophagus –

8. Respiratory Capacity –

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Name: ___________________________ Class: ______________________ Date: ____________________

Short AnswerBe able to answer questions similar to these.

9. Why do you need to breathe in oxygen? (Hint: Don’t answer “TO LIVE”.)

10. What divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

11. What two major organs are found within the thoracic cavity?

12. Which lung is smaller? Why is it smaller?

13. Explain how the parietal pleura, visceral pleura, and pleural fluid create a near-frictionless environment for the lungs.

14. Describe two ways that air is improved by the pseudostratified ciliated columnar tissue of the nasal cavity before it enters the trachea.

15. How is food always directed into the esophagus, while air is sent to the trachea?

16. Where are the vocal cords located?

17. What special structure does the trachea have that keeps it constantly open, unlike the esophagus?

18. The cilia of the trachea are sometimes referred to as an “elevator” for mucus. Explain this analogy.

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Name: ___________________________ Class: ______________________ Date: ____________________

19. Place each of the following in order to show the path of oxygen through the body: pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, epiglottis, alveoli, trachea, primary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, capillaries, mitochondria, heart, secondary bronchi.

20. Why do mitochondria need oxygen? What is this process called?

21. Explain how inhalation and exhalation occur, using the words intercostal muscles, diaphragm, volume, pressure, and diffusion.

22. What factors influence respiratory capacity?

23. What are the nonrespiratory air movements, and what is the cause/purpose of each?

24. Explain the effect smoking has on the pseudostratified squamous epithelium and cilia of the trachea.

25. What kind of tissue is found lining the alveoli?

26. What drug is contained within rescue and long-term inhalers? What does it do?

27. What causes pneumonia? How is it treated?

28. A pneumothorax occurs when pressure is put on a lung, causing it to deflate. Explain how this can occur.

29. Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a genetic defect. What exactly goes wrong in the body? How does this affect the health of the person?

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