2. Table of Contents
Conditional + Irregulars
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Present Perfect Irregulars
Subjunctive Perfect
Tanto y Tan
Impersonal Se
Saber vs. Conocer
Los Mandatos
Formal/Informal
Affirmative Commands
Negative Commands
15. Irregular Commands
16. DOP and IOP
17. Nosotros Commands
18. Mono Verbs
19. Subjunctive
20. Irregulars
21. Trigger Phrases
22. Impersonal Expressions
23. Expressions of Emotion
24. Conjunctions of Time
25. Demonstrative Adjectives
26. Demonstrative Pronouns
3. Conditional + Irregulars
Words like would, could, and should.
Gustar type words are often used with it.
Endings
aasaamosaisan
4. Present Perfect
Formed by combining has or have with the past participle.
Two verbs are required (Main and Auxiliary verb).
5. Past Perfect
Combines the use of the auxiliary verb (had) with the past
participle.
Also requires two verbs (Main and Auxiliary verb).
Use the imperfect tense with the past participle.
6. Present Perfect Irregulars
7. Subjunctive Perfect
Formed by using present subjunctive of helping verb with the past
participle.
Example: I (have).
8. Tanto y Tan
Used to form comparisons of things with equal qualities using
nouns.
tanto(-a,-os,-as) + noun + como
Used to form comparisons of things with equal qualities using adj.
or adv.
tan + adjective (adverb) + como
9. Impersonal Se
Put verbs in the 3rd person and have it follow se.
Se + 3rd person verb
10. Saber vsConocer
Saber is used when you know a fact, to know something thoroughly,
or to know how to do something.
Conocer is used when something learning a person, place, or
thing.
11. Los Mandatos
Used to directly give someone an order.
Can be formal, informal, nosotros, affirmative or negative.
12. Formal/Informal
13. Affirmative Commands
14. Negative Commands
Formed the same as the Affirmative commands except you just put a
no in the front.
15. Irregular Commands
16. DOP and IOP
Placed before verb to answer who and what.
Placed before the verb to answer whom and for whom.
17. Nosotros Commands
Command used when the speaker is involved.
Just add no before the verb.
(no) Lets + (verb)
18. Mono Verbs
Affirmative nosotros commands>> drop the finial s before
adding pronouns.
To make it negative just add a no before.
(no)(verb)mos + nos = (verb)monos
19. Subjunctive
Thesubjunctive is used to express everything except certainty and
objectivity: Things like doubt, uncertainty, subjectivity.
Yo form of present indicative>>drop o>>add appropriate
ending.
20. Irregulars
TVDISHES
-car, -gar, -zar verbs
21. Trigger Phrases
Esperarque
Insistiren que
Mandarque
Preferirque
Prohibirque
Quererque
Es aconsejableque
Es necesarioque
Pedirque
Recomendarque
Rogarque
Sugerirque
22. Impersonal Expressions
Expressions that introduce an aspect of uncertainty.
23. Expressions of Emotion
Es maloque it's ( too) bad that
Es mejorque it's better that
Es peorque it's worse that
Es preferibleque it's preferable that
Es raroque it's strange that
Es tristeque it's sad that
Es tilque it's useful that
Estarcontentoque to be happy that
Estartristeque to be sad that
Extraarseque to be amazed that
Gustarseque to like
Msvale que it's better that
Sentirque to regret, be sorry that
Sorprenderseque to be surprised that
Temerque to fear that
Tenermiedoque to be afraid that
24. Conjunctions of Time
As que as soonas
Cuando when
Despuesde que after
En cuanto as soonas
Hasta que until
Luego que as soonas
Tan pronto como as soon as
25. Demonstrative Adjectives
An adjective that points out something.
26. Demonstrative Pronouns
Used to stand for nouns instead of modify them.
