Heritage prose revision presentation

A664: Literary Heritage Prose and Contemporary Poetry

1 hr 30 mins

Answer 2 questions:• Section A – Literary Heritage Prose (Animal Farm)• Section B – Contemporary Poetry

50 mins Section A40 mins Section B

60%

40%

Section A – Literary Heritage Prose

1. Know and understand the novel, plot, themes, characters, symbolism, structure, language.

2. Know and understand how to pass the exam.

Section A – Literary Heritage Prose

Choice from 2 questions:

• Passage-based question

• Whole-text-based question

Section A – Literary Heritage ProsePassage-based question

In what ways does Orwell powerfully depict the relationship between the pigs and the other animals in this extract?

How does Orwell make this such a moving moment in the novel?

Author’s purpose +

the ways this is achieved

1. Highlight key words from the

question













IMPORTANT SIGNIFICANT REVEALINGPOWERFUL HORRIFYING

MOVING VIVID DISTURBINGSHOCKING



You need to know:• What the key adjectives mean;• How they can be interpreted.

MOVING• Arousing or touching the emotions. What emotions?

• Making a strong or vivid impression – impressive.


TASK:Choose 2 of the KEY ADJECTIVES from the list.

• What do the key adjectives mean?• How can they be interpreted?


Other key words???




Other key words???



1. Highlight key words from the question

2. Highlight words/phrases in the passage which help to answer the question



Highlight words/phrases in the passage which help to answer the question.

THE ‘HOW LIST’.

WHAT AM I LOOKING FOR???


SympathyDisgustHorrorSorrow

LANGUAGE:

• Movement“It was the first time that anyone had seen him (Benjamin) gallop”.Totally uncharacteristic excitement in defence of Boxer makes this moving.

• How they relate to other characters/how other characters view them “Clover administered it to him twice a day... While Benjamin kept the flies off him”.Reminds us how much Boxer is loved (explain why) – makes later events moving.

“Without waiting for orders from the pigs...”Animals willing to take risks to see Boxer reminds us how much he is loved.

• Their thoughts“He intended to devote the rest of his life to learning the remaining twenty-two letters...”Boxer is portrayed as simple, almost pathetic – vulnerable. Makes his later treatment moving.



LANGUAGE:

• Action/how things are said“A cry of horror burst... Crying out at the tops of their voices... Terrible voice”Desperate, horrified reactions of the animals makes this moving.

“...there was a tremendous drumming of hooves inside the van...”Boxer’s sheer panic and desperation as he realises what is happening makes this moving.

• Physical appearance“...a sly-looking man”.This man is untrustworthy – what he might do with Boxer who we know to be vulnerable makes this moving.

• The setting in which the character is seen“For the next few days Boxer remained in his stall”.“Benjamin and Clover could only be with Boxer after working hours”.Boxer is alone, isolated and therefore vulnerable – the pigs take advantage of this. This is moving.



LANGUAGE:

• Short sentences“And Boxer’s stall was empty”.Emphasises the drama of what has happened – the thought of the farm without Boxer is moving.

•Punctuation“!”Exclamations are used throughout this passage firstly to portray the animals naive excitement at Boxer’s departure, and then to communicate the shock, surprise, desperation and panic of the other animals as they realise what is happening.



STRUCTURE

• How a particular atmosphere (tension) is built up across a sceneBegins with caring, positive, sympathetic activity (Boxer being cared for); then excitement of the animals at Boxer’s departure; then realisation leading to desperation, panic and tragedy. The quick transition between these stages makes this moving.

• ContrastBetween the hive of activity/Benjamin shouting and the “deadly silence” as they read the sign on the van.This increases in drama and tension as the sign is read makes the moment of realisation moving.

• Dramatic ironyThe reader knows that the pigs are betraying Boxer (the pink medicine), a sympathetic and dedicated supporter of the revolution; increases the sympathy felt towards Boxer.

• Plot developmentThe van comes in the middle of the day when the other animals are working and Boxer is alone; this vulnerability is moving.



STRUCTURE

• The importance of the scene in relation to the rest of the storyThis passage is central in exposing the villany of the pigs in betraying such a sympathetic and dedicated supporter of the revolution.



3. Look to group related points from (2) above – organise the paragraphs/sections of your

response around these groups.


Look to group related points from (2) above – organise the paragraphs/sections of your response around these groups.

LANGUAGE:• Movement• How they relate to other characters/how other characters view them• The setting in which the character is seen • Physical appearance

STRUCTURE:• How a particular atmosphere (tension) is built up across a scene• Contrast• Dramatic irony• The importance of the scene in relation to the rest of the story



3. Look to group related points from (2) above – organise the paragraphs/sections of your response around these groups.

4. Make reference to rest

of novel.

About 4/5 of your response needs to focus on the passage, with 1/5 coming from the rest of the novel.

• Can you make comparisons (or contrasts) with the points you are making and another aspect of the story outside the passage?• What is the importance of this scene in relation to the rest of the story?

LANGUAGE:

• How they relate to other characters/how other characters view them• The setting in which the character is seen • Physical appearance

STRUCTURE:• How a particular atmosphere (tension) is built up across a scene• Contrast• Dramatic irony• The importance of the scene in relation to the rest of the story

Where else in the novel is the setting key?

Where else in the novel has the author used dramatic irony?

Already makes links to rest of novel!

WRITING


Aim to write between 5-7 paragraphs:

Introduction

5-6 developed sections

Conclusion


INTRODUCTION:

An overview which sets the passage in context and summarises the author’s overall purpose.


INTRODUCTION:

An overview which sets the passage in context and summarises the author’s overall purpose.


This particular extract occurs towards the end of Chapter 9, the penultimate chapter of the book. It is a very moving and dramatic moment in the novel because it effectively highlights to the reader the extent of the betrayal of the working animals by the ruling pigs and implies to them that this will not necessarily improve; going against the ‘happy ending’ expected of a true Fairytale. This extract does also serve to highlight to the reader that in the midst of the fear, betrayal and murder instigated by the ruling pigs, strong and caring bonds do exist between the working animals - which is also moving in itself.


WRITING A PARAGRAPH:

Mention a KEY WORD (particularly the KEY ADJECTIVE) from the question in every paragraph.

Provide EVIDENCE FROM THE TEXT for everything you say.

Focus on THE AUTHOR’S PURPOSE and the WAYS this is achieved.

Focus on the KEY ADJECTIVE Refer to the HOW LIST.


LANGUAGE:

• How they relate to other characters/how other characters view them• The setting in which the character is seen • Physical appearance

STRUCTURE:

• How a particular atmosphere (tension) is built up across a scene• Contrast• Dramatic irony• The importance of the scene in relation to the rest of the story


How they relate to other characters/how other characters view them

The way other characters view, or relate to, Boxer makes this such a moving moment in the novel. We learn that Clover administers the pink medicine to Boxer ‘twice a day’ and in the evenings ‘she lay in his stall and talked to him while Benjamin kept the flies off him’. This suggests that the characters have real affection for, and dedication to, Boxer. This could be for several reasons: the bravery he demonstrated during the Battle of the Cowshed; his remorse and guilt when he thought he had killed the stable boy or because he is the hardest-working animal, which led to his collapse. The fact that he is viewed so affectionately by the other animals makes later events in this extract even more tragic and moving. The fact that the other animals break from their work ‘without waiting for orders from the pigs’, when they hear Boxer is leaving, therefore risking their own safety, is further evidence that the other animals are so dedicated towards him.

Key words from the question

Evidence from the passage

Links to the rest of the novel

Writer’s purposeFurther evidence from the passage

























Writer’s purpose







Writer’s purpose

Further evidence from the passage


How does Orwell’s writing make this moment in the novel so dramatic and significant?



Highlight the key words from the question, including the KEY ADJECTIVE(s).

Mindmap the KEY ADJECTIVE(s) to interpret it – cover it as fully as you can.



Highlight any words or phrases which help to answer the question (referring to the KEY ADJECTIVE(s)).

Use the HOW LIST to remind you what to look for.



PLAN YOUR ANSWER:• Look to group related points – each will for a paragraph/ section of your response. Aim for 4-6 sections.• Organise the groups into a logical structure.



PLAN YOUR ANSWER:Try to make links between the points you have made and other aspects of the story outside of the passage. Indicate on your plan where you might do this.



Write the introduction - an overview which sets the passage in context and summarises the author’s overall purpose.



Write a section or your answer. Don’t forget to:• Mention a KEY WORD (particularly the ADJECTIVE(s)).• Provide EVIDENCE (a range?) from the passage.• Focus on the AUTHOR’S PURPOSE and the WAYS this is achieved.• Try to make a link with the an aspect(s) of the novel outside the passage.


How does Orwell make Napoleon appear to be particularly powerful in this passage?



Highlight the key words from the question, including the KEY ADJECTIVE.

Mindmap the KEY ADJECTIVE to interpret it – cover it as fully as you can.



Highlight any words or phrases which help to answer the question (referring to the KEY ADJECTIVE).

Use the HOW LIST to remind you what to look for.



PLAN YOUR ANSWER:• Look to group related points – each will for a paragraph/ section of your response. Aim for 4-6 sections.• Organise the groups into a logical structure.



PLAN YOUR ANSWER:Try to make links between the points you have made and other aspects of the story outside of the passage. Indicate on your plan where you might do this.



Write the introduction - an overview which sets the passage in context and summarises the author’s overall purpose.



Write a section or your answer. Don’t forget to:• Mention a KEY WORD (particularly the ADJECTIVE).• Provide EVIDENCE (a range?) from the passage.• Focus on the AUTHOR’S PURPOSE and the WAYS this is achieved.• Try to make a link with the an aspect(s) of the novel outside the passage.

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Heritage prose revision presentation