Mozambique: Developing the Inhambane 2013 Land Use Plan –

Territorial Macro-Logic, Participation and Capacity building.

Margarita Gómez Salas de SchetterJohannesburg, March 2014

Structure of Presentation

1. Institutional frame work

2. Situation of Inhambane

3. Planning process

4. PEUI 2013

Institutional background

• After the creation of municipalities in 1997 a new generation of land use plans were drafted that described the new territorial logic.

• The Territorial Planning Law (Lei 19/2007 do Ordenamento do Território) created the legal basis for municipal planning activities. Municipalities are required to develop three types of plans regarding their territory:

a) Land Use Plan (PEU Plano de Estrutura Urbana)

b) general and partial urbanization plans

c) detailed plans.

Land Use Plan

• Establishes the overall organization of the territory and parameters and norms for land use.

• Takes into consideration existing occupational patterns, infrastructures and social equipment as well as the relation with the regional infrastructure networks.

• Must be socially functional and achieved by way of public participation, integrating all the relevant actors and stakeholders. It calls for a democratization of the planning process.

Planning actors

• Capacity to develop plans at municipal level is limited.

• The process is accompanied by public, semi-public and private consultancies.

• Donor and development agencies involvement, either through funding or institutional technical support or a combination of both.

• National Directorate of Planning and Territorial Order (DINAPOT) of the Ministry of Environmental Coordination (MICOA): Chimoio, Gorongosa, Xai Xai, Chibuto, Mandlakazi, Macia, Massinga, etc.

• Faculty of Architecture (Faculdade de Arquitectura e PlaneamentoFísico - FAPF) at the University Eduardo Mondlane in Maputo: Maputo, Matola, Namaacha, Inhaca, Nampula, etc.

• German Development Agency (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit - GIZ): Inhambane, Chimoio, Catandica, Manica, Gondola, Dondo.

Planning actors

Case study Inhambane

• Provincial capital

• 500 Km from Maputo

• 192 km2

• 65.700 inhabitants

• Economy:

Public sector

Subsistence agriculture

Tourism

• Planned city centre exclusively for the colonizers, local populations lived in peripheral neighbourhoods with settlement restrictions applying.

Urban planning history

• “Cidade de cimento” of great architectural and urban value, it is one of the oldest colonial settlements in Mozambique and protected by the Cultural Heritage Legislation.

Urban heritage

• During the civil war, rural populations fled to the safer urban areas resulting in high-density belt of the so-called straw neighbourhoods around the city of Inhambane

Urban planning dynamics

1. No valid land use plan in existence : a) 1992 version drafted towards the end of the civil is outdatedb) 2005 Land Use Plan attempt commissioned to a private planning

practice unfinished

2. Low Capacity of the municipal planning staff: Technical sector counts with three topographers, one architect and one planning technician without prior experience in developing large scale plans.

3. Incipient Participation structures: Civil society is organized in Consulting Councils according to neighbourhoods, subject to existing hierarchical power structures.

Base line

Regional Conference 2011

• Participants: FAPF, MICOA, Matola and provincial institutions

• Share experience and dynamize process

Capacity building 2011-2013

• 1) Urban planning course (May–July 2011) > Kit for Urban Planning

• 2) CAD courses (June–August 2011),

• 3) triangulation method course for plot parcelling (November–December 2011),

• 4) GIS mapping course (May 2012),

• 5) Course on the creation and maintenance of archives (May 2011–June 2013).

The Land Use Plan process

Phase 1

• Launched on February 25th 2013 at the town hall >170 people, representatives of public institutions and civil society

• Published in national daily newspaper / logo to increase visibility.

The Land Use Plan process

Phase 2 / March and May 2013.

• 23 neighbourhoods consulted during 16 public consultations, average of 75 people present

• Community voiced concerns and interests regarding water, electricity, roads and transport, sanitation, education, health services, urban equipment, and security.

The Land Use Plan process

Phase 3/May and July 2013

• Analysis and systematization of enquires

• Public Institutions > data and maps and discussion of existing features, constraints and development options

• Analysis of existing networks, infrastructure, wetlands, protected areas, agricultural lands, settlement patterns etc.

Phase 4/August to October 2013

• Hypothesis formulation /different land use and zoning scenarios

• Reinterpreting and expanding the basic road and transportation infrastructure.

Phase 5 /October 2013.

• Public presentation of the draft> reviewed and amend

• Final version approved Municipal Assembly on December 2013.

The Land Use Plan process

Main Features of the PEUI 2013

1) Land Use Map (Planta de Ordenamento),

2) Map of Constraints (Planta de Condicionantes),

3) Regulations (Regulamento).

Reinterpretation and expansion of the basic transportation infrastructure while preserving and expanding agricultural, rural and protected areas and opening up complementary areas for the creation of new centralities, additional settlements, and industrial areas.

• Public participation: ensured the inclusion of issues important to the community into the plan.

! Participation itself is limited to listing infrastructure necessities.

• Institutional participation: useful to obtain data and make the plan known to all actors. Only a plan that is known to all who condition its implementation can be effective.

! Institutional participation is timid in terms of actually

commenting the plan.

Conclusions

• Capacity building: staff knows how to use planning tools and gained insights into the essence of large scale territorial planning.

! Not yet a guarantee that there will be sufficient management

capacity and motivation to actually implement the plan.

• Product: PEU is embraced by the municipal public and political actors – it was approved unanimously by the municipal council.

! It requires further planning and plans to obtain factual results.

Conclusions

Thank you