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Presentation for NorthEast LinuxFest 2013.
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What's New in FreeNAS 8.3
Dru LavigneDocumentation Lead, iXsystemsNELF, March 17, 2013
Outline
Introduction to FreeNAS 8.x
Features and ZFS Overview
What's New
Plugins Overview
ZFS Encryption Overview
Additional Resources
Introduction
Open source NAS (network attached storage) based on an embedded version of FreeBSD (nanoBSD) and released under 2-clause BSD license
Enterprise-grade appliance (TrueNAS) is also available in 2U/4U form factors with professional support
Introduction
8.x is a rewrite of the original monolithic design to a modular design (.7x EOL'd in 2011)
8.0 was released May, 2011 with a focus on NAS core functionality
8.2.0 introduced the Plugins architecture (released on July 20, 2012)
8.3.1 will be the current release (as of March 20, 2013)
Features
Create UFS or ZFS volumes (ZFS recommended)
Import existing UFS/ZFS RAID/z volumes
Import existing UFS, DOS, NTFS, EXT2/3 volumes
Create shares using Appletalk, NFS, and SMB protocols
Configure access through FTP/SFTP, SSH, and iSCSI
Features
Integration with OpenLDAP, Active Directory
Automated, secure replication via rsync/ssh
Automated ZFS snapshots and scrubs
Front-ends to cron, sysctls, loader.conf
Reporting graphs, scheduled S.M.A.R.T. tests, automated alerts, UPS
Features
Link aggregation, failover, and VLAN support
DDNS, SNMP, and TFTP support
Control panel to stop/start and view the status of services
Users Guide available in wiki, HTML, PDF, epub, and Kindle formats
Features
Supports OSX Time Machine and Windows Shadow Copies
OS is installed on USB stick/CF and is separate from data on storage disks
Upgrades keep a backup of the old OS, allowing for rollback
Administrative GUI accessed through a web browser; 8.2 adds a web shell for command line operations
ZFS
128-bit filesystem designed to be “self-healing” with checksums to provide data integrity
Snapshots (point in time) only store what has changed since the last snapshot (COW)
Scheduled scrubs verify integrity of disks and data
Deduplication saves space (removes duplicate data)
Datasets have properties (quotas, compression)
ZFS
RAIDZ* levels designed to overcome hardware RAID limitations
RAIDZ1: equivalent to RAID5
RAIDZ2: double-parity solution similar to RAID6
RAIDZ3: triple-parity solution
Caveats: resilvering takes time and can stress disks
What's New in 8.2.0 Plugins provide the administrator the flexibility to install additional software from the FreeNAS GUI to meet the requirements of the NAS
As each Plugin (PBI) is installed, an icon will be added to the FreeNAS menu (used to configure the application) and its service will be added to the Plugins tab of the Control Services menu so it can be started
Documented API so users can create and contribute their own PBIs
Installing Plugins
Configuring a Plugin
Installing Non-PBI Software
If a PBI is not available, you can still install FreeBSD packages or compile ports within the Plugins Jail
Software installed this way will not be integrated into the administrative interface but can be configured and started from the command line
Use FreshPorts.org to search for software that has been ported to FreeBSD
Available PBIs
FreeNAS PBIs are still new (only available since July 2012)
3 official PBIs: Firefly, MiniDLNA, Transmission
List of PBI requests:http://doc.freenas.org/index.php/PBI_Requests
List of user-created PBIs: http://forums.freenas.org/showthread.php?8470-INDEX-Available-Plugins
What's New in 8.3.x
8.3.0:
ZFSv28 adds deduplication, RAIDZ3, improved snapshot support, and a removable log device
autoexpand property allows pool expansion by replacing existing disks with larger ones
8.3.1:
Encryption
Encryption
GELI full disk encryption for new ZFS volumes (not ZFSv30 encryption which is closed source) Full disk encryption, not per-filesystem encryption Targeted at users who store sensitive data and want the ability to safely dispose of disks (independent of the encryption key) without wiping them first
Encryption key is per ZFS pool
Encryption
Encryption key is protected by both a passphrase and a recovery key
CPU that supports AES-NI is recommended, especially if more than one disk in pool
Data in the ARC cache and the contents of RAM are unencrypted
Swap is always encrypted, even on unencrypted volumes
Encryption
Encryption
Key management tools added to encrypted volume's screen in GUI
Used to change the passphrase, download a copy of the key, create a new key (which destroys the old key), create and download a copy of the recovery key, and change the recovery key
If the passphrase is forgotten, the recovery key can be used (needed when importing a pool)
Encryption
Resources
Website:
http://www.freenas.org
Forums:
http://forums.freenas.org
Bug tracker:
http://support.freenas.org
Resources
Links to Users Guide:
http://doc.freenas.org
IRC:
#freenas on Freenode
Links to mailing lists and instructional videos:
http://doc.freenas.org/index.php/FreeNAS_Support_Resources
Questions
Contact:
URL to Slides:
http://slideshare.net/dlavigne/nelf2013