Lesson Nineteen Past Perfect Tense · Past perfect tense • Past perfect tense is formed by using...

Past perfect tense

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Past perfect tense

• Past perfect tense is used

– for activities that were completed in the past and

no longer affect the current situation

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Past perfect tense

• Past perfect tense is formed by using perfect

form of the verb. Then add various forms of

verb ‘hona’ ‘to be’ in past.

Subject Verb root Perfective

form of

verb

To be verb

(in past)

Ali uth

uth-na to stand up

uth-a tha

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Infinitive Without

‘na’

Perfective

form of verb

Sing. masc.

Perfective

form of verb

Sing. fem.

jaag-na to wake up jag jag-a jag-i

Perfective forms of verb

jaag-na to wake up jag jag-a jag-i

chal-na to walk chal chal-a chal-i

so-na to sleep so so-ya so-i

If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine verb

These forms of verb ‘hona’ ‘to be’is used

to represent the past tense (masculine)

Pronoun

Singular

Corresponding

verb form

Pronoun

Plural

Corresponding

verb form

main I thh-a was hum we thh-ey were

tum

aap you

thh-ey

thh-ey were

tum

aap you

thh-ey

thh-ey were

voh he/she/it thh-a was voh they thh-ey were

These forms of verb ‘hona’ ‘to be’is used

to represent the past tense (feminine)

Pronoun

Singular

Corresponding

verb form

Pronoun

Plural

Corresponding

verb form

main I thh-i was hum we thh-een were

tum

aap you

thh-i

thh-i were

tum

aap you

thh-een

thh-een were

voh he/she/it thh-i was voh they thh-een were

Agreement in past perfect tense

Intransitive Verbs

• The verb agrees with the subject in case of

intransitive verbs

• Larka aaya thha.

• The boy had come.• The boy had come.

• Larkey aaey thhey.

• The boys had come.

• Larki aai thhi.

• The girl had come.Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Agreement in past perfect tense

Transitive Verbs

• In case the verb is transitive and ‘ney’ is used

then the verb agrees with the object.

• Ali ney khana (m,sing.) khaya thha.

• Ali had eaten the meal.• Ali had eaten the meal.

• Ali ney samosey (m,pl.) khaey thhey.

• Ali had eaten the samosas.

• Ali ney rotian (f,pl.) khai thheen.

• Ali had eaten the breads.Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Proper noun

Singular plural

Masc. Ali aaya thha Ali aur Usman aaey thhey

3rd

person

Masc. Ali aaya thha

Ali had come

Ali aur Usman aaey thhey

Ali and Usman had come

Fem. Ayesha aai thhi

Ayesha had come

Ayesha aur Fatima aai thheen

Ayesha and Fatima had come

Common noun

Singular plural

Masc. Larka aaya thha Larkey aaey thhey

3rd

person

Masc. Larka aaya thha

The Boy had come

Larkey aaey thhey

The Boys had come

Fem. Larki aai thhi

The girl had come

Larkian aai thheen

The girls had come

1st person (pronoun)

Singular plural

1st

person

Masculine Main aaya thha

I had come

Hum aaey thhey

We had come

Feminine Main aai thhi

I had come

Hum aai thheen

We had come

2nd person (pronoun)

Singular plural

Masculine Tum aaey thhey Aap aaey thhey

2nd

person

Aap aaey thhey

You had come

Aap aaey thhey

You had come

Feminine Tum aai thhi

Aap aai thheen

You had come

Aap aai thheen

Aap aai thheen

You had come

3rd person (pronoun)

Singular plural

3rd

person

Masculine Voh aaya thha

He had come

Voh aaey thhey

They had come

Feminine Voh aai thhi

She had come

Voh aai thheen

They had come

PracticeAli: Aap Pakistan pehli dafa kub aaey?

When did you come to Pakistan for the first

time?

Aslam: Main 2009 mein aaya thha.Aslam: Main 2009 mein aaya thha.

I had come in 2009.

Ali: Mujhey apney suffer key baarey mein

bataain?

Tell me about your journey?

PracticeAslam: Main jahaz sey aaya thha.

I had come by plane.

PracticeAslam: Main ney jahaz mein movie daikhi thhi.

I had watched a movie in the plane.

PracticeAslam: Main ney hawaee addey sey khareedari

ki thi.

I had done the shopping from the airport.

PracticeAslam:____________________________.

I had also eaten the meal in the plane.

PracticeAslam:____________________________.

I had reached hostel by taxi.

PracticeAslam: Main ney pata bohat mushkil sey bataya

thha.

I had told the address with much difficulty.

PracticeAslam: ________________________.

I had not eaten the meal that day.

PracticeAslam: Main ney ghar walon ko bohat yad kiya

thha.

I had missed the family very much.

PracticeAslam: Main ney waapis jaaney ka socha thha.

I had thought of going back.

PracticeAslam: _____________________________.

But then I had found good friends.

PracticeAslam: _____________________________.

And I am happy now.