Predicting new double-stack operations in a naturally ventilated tunnel

Presentation Engineer

Predicting new double-stack operations in a naturally

ventilated tunnel

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Presented by:Justin Edenbaum

Co-author:Not listed

Presentation Engineer

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Presentation Engineer

Agenda

Diesels in tunnels Notched Tunnel Relative Analysis Results Conclusions

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Diesels in tunnels

Diesel locomotives outside

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

Presentation Engineer

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Diesels in tunnels

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

Diesel locomotives in tunnels

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Diesels in tunnels

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

Diesel locomotives in tunnels Relative airflow

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Diesels in tunnels Diesel locomotives in tunnels Relative airflow Next locomotives

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

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Diesels in tunnels Diesel locomotives in tunnels Relative airflow Next locomotives Decrease in performance

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

Diesel Engine

Emissions

Radiator

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Naturally ventilated tunnels Train performance in tunnel

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Train Speed Relative Airflow

Train configuration

Track grade and curvature

Factors always affecting train

speed

Legend:Factors inside a

tunnel

Locomotive Performance

(inside and outide)

Presentation Engineer

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Presentation Engineer

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Presentation Engineer

Agenda

Diesels in tunnels Notched Tunnel Relative Analysis Results Conclusions

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Notched tunnel

A Tunnel– Location (map)– 3,460 meters long

(~2 miles)– 1.65% uphill grade

East to West

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California

Nevada

Notched tunnel

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Notched tunnel

Double stack operations– Notch roof

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Presentation Engineer

Agenda

Diesels in tunnels Notched Tunnel Relative Analysis Results Conclusions

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Presentation Engineer

Relative analysis

Worse-case, grain train– Length ~2km (1.2 miles)– Lead, mid, end consist (3x3x1)– Minimum entering speed

19.3 kph (12mph)

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Tunnel

3,260 m

2,000 m

Grain train

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Relative analysis

Double stack, design case– Length ~4km (2.5 mile)– Lead, mid consist– Simulated speed 24 km (15 mph)

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3,260 m

4,000 m

2,000 m

Tunnel

Grain train

Double Stack

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Relative analysis

Subway Environment Simulation (SES)

SES 2000– One Dimensional Analysis– Aerodynamic and thermodynamic– Freight rail projects

Moffat Mount Shaughnessy Mount Macdonald/Rogers Pass Mullan Stampede Pass

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Relative analysis

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Simulation

Train Speed Relative Airflow

Train configuration

Track grade and curvature

Factors always affecting train

speed

Legend:Factors inside a

tunnel

Locomotive Performance

(inside and outide)

Presentation Engineer

Agenda

Diesels in tunnels Notched Tunnel Relative Analysis Results Conclusions

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Presentation Engineer

Results

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Factor Affects Influenced byVent Analysis

Worse-case grain

Double stack

Double stack

Double stack, Portal Door

1. Speed Input 12 15 17.5 15 mphTime in tunnel Output 640 515 440 515 SecondsMomentum - - Better Better Better RelativeRelative airflow Output Worse Better Better Relative

Locomotive performance -

2. Lead consist performance in tunnel Worse Bett er Better Relative

SpeedRelative airflow quantity* Output 46 42 49 124 m^3/sRelative airflow quality Output - Same Same Same RelativeNumber of locomotives Input - Same Same Same Relative

3. Locomotive performance of consists outside tunnel Better Bett er Better RelativeSpeed -

Train configuration No effect - Better Better Better RelativeConsist configuration No effect - Same Same Same Relative

4. Mid-train consist performance in tunnel Mid Rear Rear Rear LocationSpeed

Relative airflow quantity* Output 46 42 49 42# m^3/sRelative airflow quality Output - Better Better Better RelativeNumber of locomotives Input - Same Same Same Relative

* Lowest simulated value # Probably higher in reality because of increased train speed

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Results

Compared to grain train at 12 mph:– Double stack at 15 mph

Relative airflow less 3D effects unknown All other factors better

– Double stack at 17.5 mph All factors better

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Presentation Engineer

Agenda

Diesels in tunnels Notched Tunnel Relative Analysis Results Conclusions

– Case study: Monitor speeds less 17.5 mph

– Consider tunnel operations24