Green revolution

BYRAJASHREE NAIK

M.Sc.1ST SEMISTERENVIRONMENTAL

SCIENCE

• In 1968,U.S. Agency for International Development(USAID) administrator WILLIAM S.GAUD coined the term “GREEN REVOLUTION” to describe the phenomena of growth in agriculture.

What is Green Revolution

• Increase in cereal productivity by change in agricultural technology”.

• “Green Revolution” technology was developed by Norman Borlaug in 1950s.

• Further research was enhanced by “International Rice Research Institute” in Philippines

Why Green

Revolution?

• Food shortage have been the problem of man kind from time immemorial but increased severly after WORLD WAR II

• Its because of ever increasing population with limited fertile land availability

• Increase in agricultural land meant inclusion of barren land which lead to poor food production

• To curb the above problem the concept of GREEN REVOLUTION arose

• International Rice Research Institute in Phillipines developed such varieties which had some of the required qualities

• Like mature quicker • Resistant to major pests and diseases• Such varieties allowed farmers to grow crops round

the year

International centre for Maize and Wheat Improvement

• It is in Mexico• Similar achivements were also obtained for

WHEAT.• Norman Barlaug crossed Mexican wheat with

Japanese semi dwarf wheat to get such developed varities

• Green revolution was basically meant for rice and wheat• Later it also extended for other

crops like Sorgam,Millet,Maize ,Cassava, and beans

SORGAM BEANS

Features

• Double/Multiple cropping• Proper irrigation system• Use of pesticide and fertilisers• Use of modern machinery(tractor,thrasher)• Land expansion

MULTIPLE CROPPING

Uses of Tractors, Tubewell etc

Effect

• Increase in production• Reduction in import of food grains• Development of industries• Decrease in price of food articles specially wheat

and rice• Increase in trade• Increase in employment

ADVANTAGES

• Yield increased three times• Gave idea of multiple cropping• Other crops grown which varied the diet• Surplus to sell in cities creating profit improving the

standard of living• Availability of fertilisers and machineries

““Green Revolution”Green Revolution”

Disadvantages• New farming techniques have given birth to the

serious of pollution of drinking water causing caner and other disease

• New organic fertilisers,pestiides and chemical are ruining soil

• Only Punjab and Haryana states showed best result

In India• In 1965 the Govt. of Mrs Indra Gandhi decided to

take a major step on agriculture• It was applied from 1967 to 1978 in parts of Punjab

and Haryana• At this stage concern was only on wheat and rice• Dr. M.S.Swaminathan from India led the Green

Revolution as the project

Growth Rate of Food Grain Production

Second Green RevolutionIt should emphasis on:• Non food grains• Improving global market

opportunities• Improving rural infrastructure• Improving irrigation,rural roads and

rural electrification