7th Tips Physics SPM Success Modul Teknik Menjawab Kertas 2 Dan 3

7/29/2019 7th Tips Physics SPM Success Modul Teknik Menjawab Kertas 2 Dan 3

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1 | M o d u l T e m b a k 3 2 - S A K T I

2011

Mohd Ahir Bin SamsuriMazlena Bt MurshedGuru Cemerlang FizikSM Sains Kota Tinggi18 JUL 2011(019-7356656)http://fizsakti.blogspot.com

MODUL TEMBAK 32@Version 4

Modul ini mengandungi 2

bahagian iaitu kertas 2 dan

kertas 3. Diharapkan selepas

menggunakan modul ini dengan

bimbingan guru, pelajar-pelajar

akan dapat mengusai teknik

menjawab soalan SPM FIZIK

(4531).

Berusaha la dengan gigih bagi

memastikan A+

Dalam Genggaman.

Pecahkanlah Kepompong Jadilah

Kepupu,

Pecahkanlah Ruyung Nikmatilah

Sagu

NAME:................................................................ CLASS:.........................


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OBJEKTIF MODUL INI

Understand construct

(Memahami konstruk))

To know the questions with their construct(Mengenali soalan dengan konstruknya)

To explore sample question based on the construct

(Meneroka contoh soalan berdasarkan konstruknya).

Understand the method of answering the question.

(Memahami kaedah menjawab)

Error done by the candidates

(Kesilapan calon)

What is construct? (Apakah Konstruk?)Anything that is tested or assess. ( Perkara-perkara yang ditaksir atau diuji)

Type Of Construct

BIL CONSTRUCT SCOPE CONSTRUCT

1 Knowledge(Pengetahuan) Facts, Concept, Principle, Theory, Law

2 Understanding (Pemahaman)Translation, Interpretation, Extrapolation

Concept & Principle

3Application Of knowledge

(Aplikasi Pengetahuan) Qualitative & Quantitative

4Problem Solving

(Penyelesaian Masalah)

By using qualitative and quantitative

Scientific Investigation (Penyiasatan Saintifik)

5Conceptualized

(Mengkonsepsi)

Based on common characteristics (Ciri Sepunya)

Relation of variables (Hubungan Pemboleh ubah)

6Decision Making)

(Membuat keputusan)

Based on specific criteria

(Berdasarkan kriteria tertentu)



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Physics Examination Format

ITEM KERTAS 1 KERTAS 2 KERTAS 3

Type of Instrumen Objectives SUBJECTIVE Written experiment

Type of item Multiple choice

SECTION A STRUCTURE

SECTION B ESSAYSECTION C ESSAY

SUBJECTIVE &

ESSAY

No.Of Option

3 Options (6 Items)

4 Options (36 Items)

5 Options (8 Items)

No.of question 50 Question

SECTION A 8 QUESTION

SECTION B 2 QUESTION

(CHOOSE 1 ONLY)

SECTION C 2 QUESTION

(CHOOSE 1 ONLY)

SECTION A: 2 Q

(Compulsory)

SECTION B: 2 Q

(Choose 1)

Total Marks 50 Marks 100 MARKS 40 MARKSTime Of

Examination1 Hour 15 Minutes 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES 1 HR 30 MINUTES

Construct

Knowledge 28%

Understanding 40 %

Application 32%

KNOWLEDGE 11%

UNDERSTANDING 16 %

APPLICATION 18%

PROBLEM SOLVING 22%

CONCEPTUALIZE 16%

DECISION MAKING 17%

PROBLEM

SOLVING

(EXPERIMENTING)

Marking Dicotomus 1 or 0 ANALITIC (Point)ANALITIC &

HOLISTIC

Context area

(Cakupan konteks)ALL TOPICS ARE TESTED

LEVEL OF

DIFFICULTY

LOW 60% (30 Q)

MEDIUM 24% (12 Q)

HIGH 16% (8 Q)

LOW 38%

MEDIUM 35%

HIGH 27%

LOW 50%

MEDIUM 30%

HIGH 20%

Q 1 : Knowledge, understanding

& application (4m)


& application(5m)


& application (6m)Q 4 : Knowledge, understanding

& application (7m)

Q 5 : KUA and Conceptualize

(8m)

Q 6 : KUA and Conceptualize

(8m)

Q 7 : KUA and Problem Solving

(10m)

Q 8 : KUA and Decision Making

(12m)

Q1 (16 m)

Q2 (12 m)

Q3 (12 m)



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TARGET 2011

BIL TOPIC (TINGKATAN 4) RATING CATATAN

1 1.2 Measurement XX MSG/VC

2 2.1 Linear Motion X

3 2.2 Inertia X

4 2.3 Momentum X

5 2.4 The Effect of a Force XX

6 2.5 Impuls/Impulsive Force X

7 2.6 Gravity X

8 3.1 Pressure X

9 3.3 Gas and Atmospheric Pressure XXX

10 3.6 Bernoulli Principle XX

11 4.3 Specific Latent Heat X

12 4.4 The Gas Laws XXX

13 5.3 Total Internal Reflection X

14 5.4 Lenses XX

BIL TOPIC (TINGKATAN 5) RATING CATATAN

15 1.2 Refraction of waves X

16 1.3 Difraction of waves X

17 1.7 Electromagnetic waves XX

18 2.4 EMF and Internal Resistance X

19 2.5 Electrical energy and power X

20 3.3 Electromagnetic induction XXX

21 3.4 DC and AC X

22 3.5 Transformers XX

23 4.1 Cathode ray oscilloscope X

24 4.3 Transistors XXX

25 5.2 Radioisotopes X

26 5.4 Nuclear energy XX



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KERTAS DUA-SOALAN ESEI

A. SOALAN BAHAGIAN B .

Konstruk yang diuji dalam bahagian B adalah seperti di bawah:

KNOWLEDGE

1. Menyatakan definasi dengan ayat penuh dan beserta syaratnya sekali

2. Menulis formula dengan simbol dan menyatakan maksud setiap simbol.

Contoh Soalan

i) What is meant by spring constant? [1 mark]

Contoh Jawapan:

Force perunit of extension of the spring OR

k = F/x, where k=spring constant, F = force, x = extension of the spring

LATIHAN [KNOWLEDGE]

1. What is meant by elasticity?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kekenyalan? [1 mark]

2. What is meant by electromagnet?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan elektromagnet? [1 mark]

3. What is meant by refraction?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan pembiasan? [1 mark]

4. What is meant by thermal equilibrium?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan keseimbangan terma? [1 mark]


QUESTION NO. ELEMENT/CONSTRUCT MARKS

9

10

KNOWLEDGE ( pengetahuan)

CONCEPTUALISE (mengkonsepsi)

UNDERSTANDING (kefahaman)

PROBLEM SOLVING (penyelesaian masalah

qualitative)

1

5

4

10


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5. State one factor that affect the pressure in liquid.

Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan dalam cecair. [1 mark]

CONCEPTUALISE (MENKONSEPSI)

1. Membuat & menyatakan pemerhatian Kemahiran Memerhati & Berfikir secara Kritis.

2. Membuat perbandingan iaitu menyatakan persamaan atau perbezaan

3. Menyatakan hubungan daripada persamaan/perbezaan atau menyatakan prinsip/

hukum Fizik yang terlibat.

4. Markahnya 5, justeru perlu beri isi sekurang-kurangnya 5 isi.

5. Jawapan ditulis dalam bentuk point form

Contoh Soalan

(a) Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show two springs M and N. Both springs are of the same material and

same wire thickness but have different spring constant.

Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the mass loaded by the spring, the diameter of the

spring and the extension of the spring.Relate the diameter of the spring and the extension of the spring

with the spring constant.

[5 marks]

Contoh Jawapan:

- mass in diagram 9.1 is equal to the mass in diagram 9.2

- diameter of the spring in diagram 9.1 is smaller compare to the diagram 9.2

- extension of the spring in diagram 9.1 is shorter compare to the diagram 9.2

- the bigger the diameter of the spring the lower the value of spring constant

- the higher the value of spring constant the shorter the extension of the spring

LATIHAN [CONCEPTUALISE]

1.


DIAGRAM 9.1 DIAGRAM 9.2


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Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2

(i) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 compare the current flow, the amount of iron

filing and the magnetic field strength of the two electrodes. Relate the current flow and amount

of iron filing attracted by the electromagnet and the magnetic field strength.

Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 bandingkan pengaliran arus, kuantiti serbuk besi

dan kekuatan medan magnet kedua-dua elektrod. Hubungkait pengaliran arus dengan

kuantiti serbuk besi yang tertarik kepada elektromagnet dan kekuatan medan magnet.

[ 5 marks ]

2.

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

Based on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the refractive index, the refracted angle and the

density between medium A and medium B.

Relate the refractive index with the refracted angle and the refractive index with the ratio of sin of

incident angle, i to the sin of the refracted angle, r to deduce a physics law that is involved.

Berdasarkan Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan indeks biasan, sudut biasan dan ketumpatan

medium A dan medium B.

Hubungkaitkan indeks biasan dengan sudut biasan dan indeks biasan dengan nisbah sinus sudut

tuju,i kepada sinus sudut biasan,r bagi menghasilkan hukum fizik yang terlibat.

[5marks]


n = 1.2 n = 1.8


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3.

(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 , compare the connection of diode to the dry cell, the lighting of

bulbs and the reading of ammeter. Relate the lighting of bulbs with the connection of diode to the dry cell to

make a deduction regarding the relation between the current flowing in the circuits and the connection of

diode to the dry cell..

Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan sambungan diod kepada sel kering, nyalaan mentol

dan bacaan ammeter. Hubungkaitkan nyalaan mentol dengan sambungan diod kepada sel kering untuk

membuat satu kesimpulan tentang hubungan antara arus yang mengalir di dalam litar -litar itu dengan

sambungan diod kepada sel kering.

[5 marks]



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UNDERSTANDING (concept explanation)

1. Kenalpasti konsep

2. Terangkan perkara sebelum sesuatu konsep berlaku

3. Terangkan konsep dan kaitannya

4. Terangkan perkara selepas konsep

5. Markahnya 4, justeru perlu beri sekurang-kurangnya 4 isi.[kalau boleh beri 6 isi]

6. Jawapan ditulis dalam bentuk point form

Contoh Soalan

The springs in Diagram 9.1 and 9.2 (page 6) will return to its original length when the load is removed.

Explain how the forces between molecules cause the elasticity.

[ 4 marks]Contoh Jawapan:

- the forces between molecule are attractive and repulsive force

- when the spring is stretched attractive force between molecule acts- when the spring is compress the repulsive force between molecule acts

- when the forces is released, the spring return to its original position due to the force

LATIHAN [UNDERSTANDING]

1. Explain why a softball player moves his hand backwards while catching a fast moving ball.

Terangkan kenapa pemain softball mengerakkan tangan kebelakang sewaktu menangkap bola softball

yang bergerak laju. [ 4 marks ]

2. Explain how the generator works to produce alternating current.

Terangkan bagaimana penjana berfungsi untuk menghasilkan arus ulang alik. [ 4 marks ]



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3. Explain why the roof of a house being lifted by strong winds.Terangkan mengapa bumbung sebuah rumah terangkat oleh angin yang kencang(ribut). [ 4 marks ]

PROBLEM SOLVING (Qualitative)-Modification

1. Mengenalpasti Masalah

2. Menganalisis Masalah Kemahiran M/analisis

3. Mencari kaedah penyelesaian masalah

4. Mencadangkan kaedah Penyelesaian

5. Menulis jawapan dalam bentuk jadual6. Kalau 10 markah, perlu nyatakan 5 aspek dan penerangannya. Penerangan atau alasan yang

dibuat mestilah berkaitan dengan konsep fizik.

[boleh bagi lebih dari 5 aspek. Bagi setiap aspek boleh bagi lebih dari satu alasan. JANGAN

BERBEZA FAKTA]

7. Jika soalan memerlukan lukisan, pastikan lukisan dilabelkan atau ditulis apa perkara yang

berlaku.

Contoh Soalan

DIAGRAM 9.3

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a spring of the suspension system in an ordinary motorcycle.

(i) State two functions of the spring in the suspension system ?

[2 marks]

(ii) Using the suitable physics concepts, you are required to give some

suggestions on designing a racing motorcycle of 500cc. Explain your suggestions based on

the following aspects ;

- density of motorcycle parts

- engine power

- spring in suspension system

- size of tyre

[ 8 marks]

Contoh Jawapan

(i) to absob the shock


spring in suspension

system


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to make the rider feel more comfotable

to reduce vibration

(ii)

LATIHAN [ PROBLEM SOLVING (Qualitative)]

1.

You are required to give some suggestions to design a hang glider for recreation. Using an appropriate

physics concept on motion, forces and the properties of materials, explain your suggestions based on the followingaspects :

Anda dikehendaki member cadangan untuk mereka bentuk glider untuk tujuan rekreasi. Menggunakan konsep fizikyang sesuai, cadang dan terangkan pengubahsuaian atau cara yang boleh dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keberkesanannya

berdasarkan kepada aspek-aspek berikut :

Size of the sail.

Saiz layer digunakan.

Supporting cable.

Kabel penyokong.

Material use for the sail.

Bahan yang digunakan untuk layer.

Assembly and transportation.

Pemasangan dan pengangkutan.

Materials use for structure like masterframe and safely bar.Bahan untuk struktur seperti rangka utama den 'safety bar, [10 marks]


Aspect Explanation

Low density of motorcycle part Lighter

High engine power-To produce high ecceleration

-High resultant force

High spring constant-The spring more stiffer-Less vibration

Wide tyre-increase stability

- reduce pressure


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2.A car needs an efficient hydraulic brake system for safety purposes. Suggest and explain how to build a

hydraulic brake system which can function effectively, based on the following aspect:

Sebuah kereta memerlukan sistem brek hidrolik yang cekap bagi memastikan keselamatan di tahap yang

tinggi. Cadangkan dan jelaskan bagaimana untuk membina sistem hidrolik yang dapat berfungsi dengan

cekap berdasarkan aspect berikut:

-The type and characteristic of the brake fluid

Jenis dan sifat bendalir brek

-The size of the master piston and slave piston

Saiz omboh utama dan saiz omboh kedua

-The material used for the fluid transmision pipe

Bahan yang digunakan untuk paip penghantaran cecair (10 marks)



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3.An earth-monitoring satellite falls into the earths atmosphere at a high velocity and reaches a high

temperature. This is caused by the earths gravitational force and air resistance.

Using the appropriate physics concepts, suggest and explain suitable designs or ways to protect the satellite

and its equipment:

Satelit pengawasan bumi telah jatuh ke dalam atmosfera bumi dengan halaju yang tinggi dan mencapai suhu

yang sangat tinggi. Perkara ini adalah disebabkan oleh tarikan daya graviti dan rintangan angin.

Menggunakan konsep fizik yang sesuai, cadang dan terangkan pengubahsuaian atau care yang boleh dilakukan untuk meningkatkankeberkesanannya berdasarkan kepada aspek-aspek berikut :

(i) from extreme heat ;

daripada haba yang tinggi

(ii) from breaking up on landing

daripada pecah sewaktu mendarat [ 10 marks]

B. SOALAN BAHAGIAN C.Konstruk yang diuji dalam bahagian C adalah seperti di bawah:


QUESTION NO. ELEMENT MARKS

1112

KNOWLEDGE

UNDERSTANDINGAPPLICATION

DECISION MAKING

1

45

10


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KNOWLEDGESama seperti dalam Section B

UNDERSTANDING

Sama seperti dalam Section B

APPLICATION (quantitaive)

- Menulis maklumat dlm btk simbol + unit S.I/gariskan

- Memilih dan menulis rumus

- Membuat gantian dlm. rumus- Jawapan akhir + unit betul

Contoh Soalan

Sebuah kuali elektrik mempunyai spesifikasi 240 V, 1000 W. Hitungkan masa yang digunakan oleh kuali itu

untuk memanaskan 1000 cm3 minyak masak dari suhu 30 oC sehingga minyak itu mencapai suhu 120 oC.

Anggapkan semua tenaga elektrik digunakan untuk menaikkan suhu minyak sahaja dan tiada haba hilang ke

persekitaran.

[Muatan haba tentu minyak ialah 2000 J kg1oC1, ketumpatan minyak masak ialah 800 kg m-3]

[5 markah]

Contoh Jawapan

1 Menukar unit bagi V dengan betul

1000 x 10-6 m3

2 Menghitung jisim, m, dengan betul

m = x V

= 800 x 1000 x10-6

= 8 x 10-1 kg

3 Menyatakan hubungan haba yang dibekalkan oleh pemanas dengan haba yang diterima oleh

minyak

Haba dibekal oleh pemanas = Haba diterima oleh minyak / pt = mc

4 Gantian dalam rumus yang betul

1000(t) = (8 x10-1)x 2000 x 90

5 Jawapan dengan unit yang betul

t= 144 s

LATIHAN [ APPLICATION (quantitaive)]

1. Diagram 12.3 shows a manometer with arms of differentcross section. Liquid Y of density 1200 kg m-3 is poured into

the manometer. The level of liquid Y is found to be the same

at both arms of the manometer.



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Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan sebuah manometer dengan lengan

yang berbeza keratan rentasnya. Cecair Y dengan ketumpatan

1 200 kgm-3 diisi ke dalam manometer. Paras cecair Y

didapati sama pada kedua-dua lengan manometer.

i. Explain why the level of liquid Y in both arms of the manometer are equal.

Terangkan mengapa paras cecair Y pada kedua-dua lengan manometer adalah sama. [2 marks]

ii. Diagram 12.4 shows the condition of liquids when another immiscible liquid, X, is poured into

the right arm of the manometer. Calculate the density of liquid X.

Rajah 12.4 menunjukkan keadaan cecair apabila sejenis cecair yang tak bercampur, X, dituang

ke dalam lengan kanan manometer tersebut. Hitung ketumpatan cecair X. [3

marks]

2. Diagram belows a circuit containing a transformer ammeter and two bulbs. The reading of the ammeter is

0.5 A and the two bulb lights up with normal brightness.

Gambarajah di bawah menunjukkan litar yang mengandungi transformer, ammeter dan 2 mentol. Bacaan

ammeter adalah 0.5 A dan dua mentol tersebut menyala dengan kecerahan yang normal.

(i) What is the output voltage of the transformer?

Apakah voltage aoutput transformer?

(ii) Calculate the efficiency of the transformer.

Kira kecekapan transformer tersebut? [5m]

DECISION MAKING

1. Mengenalpasti ciri-ciri yang diberikan.

2. Menerangkan sifat setiap ciri yang dipilih dan sebab dipilih.

3. Menentukan bahan yang paling sesuai berdasarkan ciri yang dinyatakan menggunakan


DIAGRAM 12.3 DIAGRAM 12.4


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kaedah ranking ..

4. Memberi sebab mengapa bahan itu dipilih.

5. Menulis jawapan dalam bentuk jadual.

Contoh Soalan

Diagram 11.2 shows an ice cream container used by an ice cream seller using his motorcycle.

Diagram 11.2

Table 11.3 shows the specification of four types of ice cream containers P, Q, R and S, that can beused by an ice cream seller to carry ice cream.

Box

KotakP Q R S

Specific heat capacity of ice cream

boxHigh High Low Low

Size of ice cream box Large Small Small Large

Material of outer box Copper PVC plastic PVC plastic Aluminium

Colour of outer box Dark Bright Bright Dark

Table 11.3

You are required to determine the most suitable ice cream container to carry ice cream. Study thespecification of the four types of ice cream container based on the following aspects:

- Specific heat capacity of ice cream box

- Size of ice cream box

- Material of outer box

- Colour of outer box

Explain the suitability of the aspects

Contoh Jawapan

Aspect Reason

Low specific heat capacity of ice

cream box

Easy get cold // becomes cool quickly

Smaller size of ice cream box Easier to carry // easy too become cool

Plastic PVC Poor conductor of heat

Bright colour of outer box Does not absorb heat from surrounding quickly

R is chosen because Low specific heat capacity of ice cream box,

Smaller size of ice cream box, Plastic PVC, Bright

colour of outer box

LATIHAN [ DECISION MAKING]

1.Table 12 shows the specifications of four water storage tanks, P, Q, R and S, that can be used to storewater in a housing estate.

Jadual 12 menunjukkan speksifikasi empat tangki penyimpan air, P, Q, R dan S, yang digunakan

untuk menyimpan air untuk sebuah rumah dalam suatu kawasan perumahan.



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Water storage tank

Tangki penyimpan airP Q R S

Material used

Bahan yang

digunakan

metal

logam

concrete

konkrit

concrete

konkrit

metal

logam

Density

Ketumpatan

low

rendah

high

tinggi

low

rendah

low

rendah

Shape

Bentuk

Height from the

ground

Tinggi daripada bumi

low

rendah

high

tinggi

high

tinggi

low

rendah

TABLE 12

You are required to determine the most suitable water storage tank. Study the specifications of all thefour water storage tanks based on the following aspects :

Anda diminta untuk mengenal pasti tangki penyimpan air yang paling sesuai. Kaji spesifikasi keempat-

empat tangki penyimpan air itu berdasarkan aspek :

- The material used. Bahan yang digunakan

- The density of the tank.Ketumpatan tangki

- The shape of the tank.Bentuk tangki

- The height of the tank from the ground.Ketinggian tangki daripada bumi

Explain the suitability of the aspects.

Terangkan kesesuaian aspek-aspek tersebut.

[10 marks]

2.As a researcher you are assign to investigate the properties of the metal in the table to be used as the

material to make a quality frying pan.

Sebagai seorang penyelidik anda ditugaskan untuk menyelidik sifat bahan yang digunakan untuk membinakuali yang berkualiti.



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Metal/Baha

n

Specific heat

capacity /muatan

haba tentu

J kg1oC1

Melting

point /takat leburoC

Density/ketumpatan

kg m-3

Rate of

Rusting/ kadar

pengaratan

P 450 1540 7873 High

R 880 660 2698 High

S 510 1620 7800 Do not Rust

T 398 961 10500 Medium

U 377 978 8400 Do not rust

For every metal properties in the table above, explain the suitability of the properties tobe used as a material to

make a frying pan. Hence determine the most suitable metal to make the frying pan. Give the justification for

your choice.

Bagi setiap sifat bahan di atas jelaskan kesesuaian bahan yang akan digunakan untuk membina kuali.

Seterusnya memilih bahan yang paling sesuai. Berikan justifikasi di atas pilihan tersebut.

[10 marks]

3.You are asked to investigate the features of cooling material and the design of a car engine radiator as in

Diagram 11.2

Anda dikhendaki menyiasat cirri-ciri bahan dan rekabentuk radiator enjin kereta yang akan digunakan.



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Explain the suitability of each features in Diagram 11.2 and then determine the most suitable car engine

radiator to be used.Give a reason for your choice.

Jelaskan kesesuaian cirri-ciri yang dipilih dan kemudian memilih radiator kereta yang paling sesuai.

Berikan alasan di atas setiap pilihan anda tersebut. [10 marks]

SOALAN STRUKTUR.



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5/6 - MENGKONSEPSI

7 - MODIFICATION

8 - MAKING DECISION

CARA MENJAWAB SAMA SEPERTI SOALAN ESEI - CUMA LEBIH PENDEK DAN MUDAH

Contoh Soalan Menkonsepsi - Terengganu 2010

Diagram 5.1 shows a water jet spurts out from a hole in a tall vessel at a distance , d1.

Diagram 5.2 shows an oil jet spurts out from a hole at the same depth in a tall vessel at a distance , d2.

Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan suatu pancutan air keluar dari satu lubang pada satu bekas tinggisejauh di.

Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan suatu pancutan minyak keluar dari satu lubang pada satu bekas tinggi pada

kedalaman yang sama sejauh d2.

(a) What is the meaning of density? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ketumpatan?

............................................................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(b) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Digaram 5.2. Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2.

Compare:Bandingkan:

(i) Density of water and oil. Ketumpatan air dan minyak.

............................................................................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

(ii)The distance d1 and d2.Jarak d1, dan d2.

............................................................................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

(iii) The pressure produced by the water jet and the oil jet.Tekanan yang dihasilkan oleh pancutan air dan pancutan minyak itu.

............................................................................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

(c) Based on your answer in (b), state the relationship between the density and the pressure ofliquid.

Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (b), nyatakan hubungan antara ketumpatan dan tekanan cecair.

............................................................................................................................................................................. [1 mark](d) Diagram 5.3 shows the location of a house water tank.

Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan kedudukan tangki air pada sebuah rumah.

Explain why the water tank should be located on top of the roof.

Terangkan mengapa tangki air diletakkan di atas burn bung rumah.

.

.

[3marks]



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Contoh Soalan Modification - SBP 2010

Diagram 7 shows a fixed coil is placed in between an iron rod and a bar magnet.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan satu gegelung yang tetap diletakkan di antara sebatang rod besi dan sebuah magnet bar.

When the switch is closed, both of the iron rod and the bar magnet are attracted towards the coil.

Apabila suis dihidupkan, kedua-dua rod besi dan magnet bar tertarik kepada gegelung.

(a) State the polarity at X.Nyatakan kutub di X.

..[1 mark]

(b) Suggest two modifications that can be done in Diagram 7 in order to increase the force of attractionbetween the coil and the iron rod. Cadangkan dua pengubahsuaian yang boleh dilakukan dalam Rajah

7 bagi menambahkan daya tarikan antara gegelung dan rod besi.

.

.[2 marks]

(c) (i) What will happen to the iron rod and the bar magnet when the connections to the terminals

of the battery are reversed?Apakah akan berlaku kepada rod besi dan magnet bar jika sambungan kepada terminal bateri diterbalikkan.

.

[2 marks]

(ii) Explain your answer in 7(c)(i).Terangkan jawapan anda di 7(c)(i).

.

[2 marks]

(d) The battery is then replaced by a low alternating current power supply. The switch is then closed.Bateri kemudian ditukar dengan bekalan arus ulang-alik yang berkuasa rendah. Suis dihidupkan.

(i) Describe the motion of the iron rod.Jelaskan pergerakan rod besi.

..[1 mark]

(ii) Describe the motion of the bar magnet.Jelaskan pergerakan magnet bar.

..[1 mark]

(e) Using your answers in 7(c) and 7(d),state one application of iron rod with the coil ineveryday life.Dengan menggunakan jawapan anda dalam 7(c) dan 7(d), nyatakan satu

aplikasi rod besi bersama gegelung dalam kehidupan harian.

..[1 mark]

Contoh Soalan Making Dicision - Selangor 2009

8. Diagram 8.1 and 8.2 show a filament bulb and an energy saver bulb. These two bulbs gives the same



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amount of light intensity.

Rajah 8.1 dan 8.2 menunjukkan mentol berfilamen dan mentol jimat tenaga. Kedua-dua mentol inimenghasilkan keamatan cahaya yang sama

(a) The filament bulb uses 75 W of power. What is meant by electrical power?

Mentol berfilamen menggunakan kuasa sebanyak 75 W. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kuasa elektrik ?

....[1 mark]

(b) State the energy transformation that occurs in both bulbs.Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam kedua-dua mentol.

.[2 marks]

Filament bulbMentol berfilamen

Energy saver bulbMentol jimat tenaga

Energy consumed per second

Tenaga digunakan per saat 75 J 20 J

Useful work per second

Tenaga berguna per saat 11.25 J 10 J

Table 8/Jadual 8

(i) The filament bulb consumes 75 J of energy in one second but it only delivers 11.25 J of usefulenergy per second. Name the wasted energy released by the bulb?

Mentol berfilamen menggunakan tenaga 75 J dalam satu saat tetapi cuma mengeluarkan

11.25 J tenaga berguna setiap saat. Namakan tenaga yang dibazirkan oleh mentol itu.

..[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate the efficiency of the filament bulb and the energy saver bulb from Table 8.Hitungkecekapan mentol berfilamen dan mentol jimat tenaga dari Jadual 8.

(4 marks)

(iii) Which bulb is more economical to be used? Give a reason for your answer.Mentol yang manakah lebih jimat untuk digunakan?Berikan satu alasan untuk jawapan anda.

.

[2 marks]

(d) Name one electrical appliance used at home and state oneway to make it more efficient.

Namakan satu alat elektrik yang digunakan di rumah dan nyatakan satu cara untukmeningkatkan kecekapannya.

...

[2 marks]

KERTAS TIGA

Construct- Problem Solving (Experementing)-40 markah


Filament bulb 240 V. 75Wer bulb

240 V, 20 W

Mentol berfilamen 240V 75 W

tenaga 240V 20 W

Diagram 8.1

Rajah 8.1

Filament bulb 240 V. 20W er bulb

240 V, 20 WMentol berfilamen 240V 20 W tenaga

240V 20 W

Diagram 8.2

Rajah 8.2


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Contoh Soalan No 1-Section A-16 markah

Trial Selangor 2009

1. A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the length, of a constantan wire

and the potential difference across it, V. The wire is connected to a steady direct current power supply

provided by an accumulator. The set up of the apparatus is shown in Diagram 1.

The jockey is placed at the points where l = 20.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm and 100.0 cm. The readingsof the voltmeter are as shown in Diagram 1.2, Diagram 1.3, Diagram 1.4, Diagram 1.5 and Diagram 1.6

below.

(a) For the experiment described above, identify

(i) the manipulated variable

................................................................................................................................................ [1 marks]

(ii) the responding variable

................................................................................................................................................ [1 marks]

(iii) the constant variable

............................................................................................................................................... [1 marks]


Note:1. Untuk menjawab 3 soalan ini, jawapannya berada pada soalan yang

diberikan seperti yang digariskan.2. 2 variable telah diketahui dan untuk menentukan manipulated V,

tengok ulangan yang dibuat pada soalan.Ulangan tersebutlahmanipulatednya dan variable yang satu lagi atomatik akan menjadiresponding.

3. Bagi fixed variable kadang-kadang dalam soalan ada diberitahutetapi jika tiada ia memerlukan sedikit knowledge tentang

eksperiment ini.4. Jangan menggunakan perkataan type(contohnya type of wire/type of

power supply)

Diagram 1


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1

2

3 (b) Determine the voltage, V when the length of the constantan wires,l =20.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0

cm and 100.0 cm respectively. Tabulate your results forl and V in the space below.

0

[5 marks]

(c) On the graph paper on page 25, plot a graph of V against l [5 marks]


Note:1. Lihat betul-betul skala bagi setiap alat pengukur.2. Jika alat pengukur boleh membaca 2 tempat perpuluhan,

pastikan dalam ruangan tabulated the data ada 2 tempatperpuluhan.Begitu juga kalau satu tempat perpuluhan.

Note:1. Tengok tajuk graf yang diberi, Perkataan yang dulu adalah

paksi Y dan seterusnya paksi X. Biasanya responding adalahpaksi Y dan manipulated adalah paksi x

2. Setiap paksi pastikan ada simbol dan unit.3. Pastikan sekala seragam, no tidak ganjil4. Plot titik denga tanda X, buat besar-besar(2x2 kotak kecil).5. Garis guna pembaris jika nampak hampir lurus, gunakan

freehand jika lengkung. Biasanya lurus.6. Garis mesti sentuh paksi Y7. Saiz graf mesti memenuhi kertas graf. Jangan Buat kecil.(70%

saiz kertas graf)

Note:1. Lihat khendak soalan apa yang hendak dijadualkan. Seperti

soalan di atas hanya 2 sahaja l and V2. Pastikan setiap column ada simbol dan unit3. Pastikan tempat perpuluhan yang betul mengikut alat

pengukur.

4. Pastikan setiap column consistency yang sama (tempatperpuluhan sama)

5. Jika column yang seterusnya adalah secondary value, pastikannilai tempat perpuluhan lebih satu berbanding primer value.


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(d) Based on the graph, state the relationship between V and l

[1 marks]

(e) The experiment is repeated using thicker constantan wire.

(i) What happens to the voltmeter readings when the jockey is placed at l = 20 cm? Assume the current that

flow through the wire is constant.

. .......................................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

............................ [2 marks]


Note:1. Gunakan ayat seperti yg telah diajar berdasarkan bentuk graf

yang diperolehi.

Note:2. Kadang2 ada soalan tambahan seperti ini..

y is directly

propotional to x

y

x

y increase

linearly to x

y

x

y decrease

linearly to x

y

x

y is inversely

propotional to x

y

x

As y increase x

also increase

y

x


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LATIHAN 1-Q1:SBP 2009



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1 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the object distance, u, image

distance, v, and focal length, f, of a convex lens. The apparatus is set up as shown in Diagram 1.1

Diagram 1.1

At the beginning, the object is placed at the distance of 40.0 cm from the lens. The screen is adjusted to

find the sharp image. The image distance is then measured by using the metre rule.

The above procedure is repeated by varying the values ofu to be 35.0 cm, 30.0 cm, 25.0 cm and 20.0 cm.

Diagram 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 show the end of the metre rule when the image distance, v, is measured.

( Note : For each diagram, the measurement of the image distance, v is started from the zero mark

of the metre rule.)



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(a) For the experiment described above, identify:

(i) The manipulated variable

..............................................................................

[ 1 mark]

(ii) The responding variable

...................................................................

[ 1 mark]

(iii) The constant variable

....................................................................[ 1 mark]

(b) Based on diagram 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6, determine image distance, v when the object distance, u.

is equal to 40 cm, 35 cm, 30 cm, 25 cm and 20 cm.

Tabulate the values ofu, v,u

1and

v

1in the space below.

[6 marks]

(c) On the graph paper, plot a graph ofv

1 againstu

1

[ 5 marks]



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(d) Based on your graph, state the relationship betweenv

1and

u

1

.....................................................................

[ 1 mark]

(e) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the results of this experiment.

.....................................................................[ 1 mark]



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Graph ofv

1against

u

1



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Contoh Soalan No 2-Section A-12 markah

Trial Selangor 2009

2. An experiment to investigate the time taken, tby a metal sphere falling from a height, h was conducted. The

graph ofh against t2 is in Diagram 2.1.



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(a) Based on the graph h against t2 on page 29,

(i) state the relationship between h and t,

..........................................................................................................................................[1marks]

1

(ii) determine the time taken, tby the sphere when dropped from a height,

h = 44.0 cm. Show on the graph how you determine the value of t

t= [3 marks]

b) Calculate the gradient of the graph.

Show on the graph, how you calculate the gradient.

[3 marks]

(c) The motion equation of a falling object with an initial velocity, u is given as

1

(i) State the initial velocity, u of the sphere.

......................................................................................................................................................................

[1 marks]


Note:

1. INGAT, soalan relationship based on graf pastikan gunakanayat seperti directly propotional, increse linerally dsb. AyatPenuh

Note:

1. Pastikan ade garisan yang dibuat bermula dengan h=44 teruske garisan dan kemudian ke paksi x. Tunjukkan nilainya dalamkertas graf.

2. Tulis nilai t2 dalam ruangan jawapan dan Kira nilai t dalamruangan jawapan juga.

3. Pastikan Unit ditulis.

Note:1. Pastikan ada segitiga bersaiz sekurang-kurangnya 8 x 8 cm2. Tunjukan koordinat pada hujung segitiga.3. Tunjukkan jalan pengiraan mencari kecerunan.(show

substitution)4. Tuliskan jawapan berserta dengan UNIT.


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(ii) By using the gradient of the graph in (b) and equation in (c), calculate the gravitational acceleration,g.

[3 marks]

(d) State oneprecaution that should be taken in this experiment to improve the accuracy of the readings in the

experiment

. ....................

.......................................

[1 marks]

LATIHAN 1- Midterm T5 SBP 2011

2. A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between pressure,Pand depth,

h of a liquid X at sea level.

Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk menyiasat hubungan diantara tekanan,Pdan

kedalaman, h bagi cecair pada aras laut.

pressurePis determined using the formula :

Tekanan P ditentukan dengan mengunakan rumus:

P=Pliquid+Patm

WherePliquid= pressure by column of liquid X,Patm = atmospheric pressure

Dimana P cecair= Tekanan oleh turus cecair X, Patm = Tekanan atmosfera

(a) Based on the graph in Diagram 2.1, determine the atmospheric pressure,Patm when h = 0 m.

Berdasarkan graf pada rajah 2.1, tentukan tekanan atmosfera,Patm bila h = 0 m.

Show on the graph, how you determine the value of the atmospheric pressure.

Tunjukkan pada graf, bagaimana anda menentukan nilai tekanan atmosfera.

Patm = ........ [2 marks]


Note:

1. Soalan ini lebih kurang sama macam soalan linear law dalamaddmate.

2. Gunakan persamaan yang diberi untuk bandingkan dengangraf. Biasanya kesamaan yang perlu dicari adalah padakecerunan dan juga y-intercept.

Note:Gunakan 2 ayat ini sahaja....

1. The position of eye must be pependicular to the scale reading toaviod parallax error(tak boleh guna kalau measuring instrument

adalah digital stopwatch)2. Repeat the experiment twice, then calculate the everage to get


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(b) The density of the liquid can be determined from the formula

Ketumpatan cecair boleh ditentukan dengan mengunakan rumus

= 0.012 kwhere k is the gradient of the graphPagainst h

Dimana k ialah kecerunan bagi graf P lawan h

(i) Calculate the gradient, kof the graphPagainst h. Show on the graph how you determine k.

Hitung kecerunan, k bagi graf P lawan h.Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan k.

k= ........

[4 marks]

(ii) Determine the density of liquid,

Tentukan ketumpatan bagi cecair, = .... kgm-3

[1 mark]

(c) Based on the graph on Diagram 2.1, determine the pressure,Pexerted on the liquid when the

depth of liquid, h = 0.4 m

Berdasarkan kepada graf pada gambarajah 2.1, tentukan tekanan, P yang dikenakan di atas cecair

bila kedalaman, h = 0.4 m

P= ........[2 marks]

(d) (i) If the liquid X is replaced with a denser liquid Y, what will happen to the value ofk?

Jika cecair X digantikan dengan cecair Y yang lebih tumpat, Apakah yang akan terjadi pada nilai k?

...........................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain your answer.

Terangkan jawapan anda.

....................................................................................[1 mark]

(e) State oneprecaution that should be taken to improve the results of this experiment.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang patut diambil untuk meningkatkan keputusan eksperimen.

............................................................................................................

[1 mark]



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LATIHAN 2-Q2: Terengganu 2010

A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between potential differeence

Vacross the terminal of the battery and the current, I. The result of the experiment is shown in the graph ofVagainstIbelow.

(a) Based on the graph in Diagram 2;

(i) State the relationship between VandI

....

[1 mark]

(ii) Determine the value of E, whenI = 0.0 A

Show on the graph how you obtained the value ofE

.....

[2 marks]

(i) Name the physical quantity that is represented by the value ofEin (a)(ii)



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....

[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the gradient, rof the graph.

Show on the graph how you determine r.

=..............................

[3 marks]

(c) From the graph, state the value ofVwhenI = 0.60 A. Show on the graph how youobtained the value ofV.

....

[2 mark](d) The external resistance,R is given by the formulaE = I (R + r) . By using the

value ofEin a(ii), r in (b) and 1= 0.60 A, calculate the value of R.

R=

[2 marks]

(e) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the results of this experiment.

....

[1 mark]

Contoh Soalan No 3/4-Section B-12 markah


Note:

1. Pastikan menggunakan ayat seperti di bawah.2. Bentuk dan susunan seperti di bawah.


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Item Catatan Markah

1. Inference . depends on 1

2. Hypothesis The higher the ...the higher..... 1

3. AimTo investigate the relationship between.and.

14. Variable a) manipulated V: ..

b) Responding V:

pastikan variable yang digunakan sama seperti dalam hypothesis dan juga aim

c) Fixed V:.(j angan guna perkataan type)

1

1

5. Apparatus tulis semua apparatus yang diberi dalam soalan dan lain2 apparatus 1

6. Arrangement

of apparatuslukis gambarajah berlabel,guna pembaris 1

7. Prosedur a) controlling manipulated V: beritahu nilai pertama yang digunakan

b) controlling Responding V: beritahu apa yang diukur, alat pengukur

apa? Jika secondary value tunjukkan formulanya

c) Repeated Exp. ulang eskperiment sekurang-kurangnya 4 bacaan lagi.

1

1

1

8. Tabulating of

Data

- buat jadual dan pastikan ada symbol dan unit. pastikan sama dengan variable

di atas

Manipulated/Simbol/unit Responding/Simbol/unit

1

9.Analyzed the

data

buat graf paksi y mesti responding dan paksi x-manipulated

-pastikan ada symbol dan unit pada setiap paksi

1

TOTAL 12 M

(ada 9 item yang perlu ditulis. Prosedur 3 markah dan variable 2 markah yang membawa jumlah markah

keseluruhan 12 markah)

CONTOH SOALAN DAN JAWAPAN.

Trial Perlis 09

Diagram above shows a plastics bottle containing hot water. The plastic bottle is then put into a basin of ice.

The found that the plastic bottle crumpled as shown in diagram 3.2


Simbol/unit

Simbol/unit


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Based on the observation on diagram 3.1 and diagram 3.2 and using your knowledge of the gas law

Based on the information and observation above :

Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas:

(a) State one suitable inference.Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai. [1 marks]

(b) State one suitable hypotesis.

Nyatakan satu hipothesis yang sesuai. [1 marks]

(c) With the use of apparatus as capilarry tube,tall beaker,thermometer and other apparatus, describe

an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). In your description, state

clearly the following :

Dengan menggunakan radas seperti capilarry tube,tall beaker,thermometer dan lain-lain radas,

terangkan satu rangka kerja eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang anda nyatakan dalam

4(b)

Dalam penerangan anda jelaskan perkara berikut :

i) Aim of the experiment.

Tujuan eksperimen.

ii) Variables in the experiment.

Pembolehubah yang terlibat.

iii) List of apparatus and materials.

Senarai radas dan bahan

iv) Arrangement of the apparatus.

Susunan radas.

v) The procedure of the experiment which include the method of controlling the manipulated

variable and the method of measuring the responding variable.

Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasikan dan

kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas.

vi) The way you would tabulate the data.

Penjadualan data.

vii) The way you would analyse the data.

Cara menganalisis data. [10 marks]

Jawapan

(a) Inferencethe volume depend on the temperature 1

(b) Hypothesis

the higher the temperature the higher the volume1

(c)(i) Aim 1



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To investigate the relationship between temperature and volume

(ii) Variables

Manipulated : Temperature

Responding : volume/length of air column

Constant : pressure/ mass of air trap

1

1

(iii) List of apparatus and materials

capilarry tube,tall beaker,thermometer,bunsen burner,tripod stand,wire gouze,restord

stand,mercury or concentric acid sulfuric acid,strirre, ruler and ice

1

(iv) Arrangement of the apparatus

1

(v) Procedure of the experiment which include the method of controlling the

manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable.

1. The water is stirred until the water temperature fall to 0oC.

2. The length of the air column, x is measured using meter rule and recorded

3. Repeated the experiment using temperature of 10,20,30 and 40oC

1

1

1

(vi) Tabulate the data

T( 0C) l/cm

0

10

20

30

40

1

(vii) Analyse the data

1

TOTAL 12

Set 1-8, soalan no 3 dan 4 section C

Based on the diagrams in Questions 1- 8,

(a) make one suitable inference .(b) state one appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated.

(c describe how you would design an experiment to test your hypothesis

In your explanation, state clearly the following :

(i) aim of the experiment


l/cm

T(oC)


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(ii) variables in the experiment

(iii) list of apparatus and materials

(iv) arrangement of the apparatus

(v) the procedures of the experiment, which includes the method of controlling the manipulated

variable and the method of measuring the responding variable

(vi) the way you would tabulate the data

(vii) the way you would analyse the data

[12 marks]

Trial Melaka 09

1. Diagram 3 shows air bubbles formed by an air pump in an aquarium. The size of the air bubbles are smaller

as they emerged from the air pump at the bottom of the aquarium. The size become bigger as they approached

the surface of the water.

2. Diagram 4 shows the telephone ear piece which receives a varying current from the telephone line. The

permanent magnet attracts the magnet alloy diaphragm. The varying current in the coils of the electromagnet

changes the strength of the magnetic field .

Trial Kelantan 09

3. Diagram shows a worker using a piece of straight long and uniform wood to determine the depth of a hole

filled with water.



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When the is pushed a bit into water as in Diagram 1 , he feel that a small force is needed, when the wood is

pushed further down as in Diagram 2 , he found that a larger force is needed.

4 .The figures 4.1 and 4.2 show two electric bells are connected to the similar batteries.

When the switches of the two bells are on, the bell in figure 4.2 rings louder than the bell in figure 4.1

Trial Mrsm 09

5. Diagram 3.1 shows two identical lorries which are at rest when the traffic light is red. When the red light

turns green, both lorries start to accelerate with the same forward thrust. Digram 3.2 shows the positions of

both lorries after two minutes.

6. Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 show the electric circuits which connects an electric bell to an

ammeter and a power supply. When the switch is closed, it is observed that the bell in Diagram 4.2 rings

louder than the bell in Diagram 4.1.



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Trial N9 09

7. Diagram 3.1 shows an aluminium foil which has been shaped into a boat and put into a water container.

Diagram 3.2 shows the same piece of aluminium foil that has been crumpled and put into the same water

container.

Trial sbp 09

8.Diagram 4.1 shows the interference pattern of monochromatic light after passing through a double slit. Sameexperiment is repeated by using longer wavelength of monochromatic light. The result is shown in Diagram

4.2

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan corak interferens cahaya monokromat selepas melalui satu dwicelah. Eksperimen

yang sama diulang dengan menggunakan cahaya monokromat yang mempunyai panjang gelombang yang

lebih panjang. Keputusannya ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 4.2.

End Of Module

GOOD LUCK

LAMPIRAN 1

PHYSICS SPM PAPER 3 QUESTION ANAYLISIS

SECTION B



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C TOPIC NO

Variable

Responding Manipulated Fixed

FORM 4 29 EKSPERIMENT

1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Based, Derived, Scalar&Vector Quantities

1.2 Measurement

1.3 Scientific Investigations



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2

FORCES AND MOTION

2.1 Linear Motion 1 accelaration height mass

2.2 Inertia 2 period (S3-2006,S1-2007) mass length of jigsaw blade

2.3 Momentum 3 time to stop mass force applied

2.4 The Effect of a Force 4 acceleration( S2-2008) force mass

5 acceleration mass force

2.5 Impulse And Impulsive

Force6 depth height of mass mass

2.6 Gravity 7 time taken weight height

2.7 Forces In Equilibrium 8

2.8 Work, Energy, Power and

Efficiency9 work done distance mass

2.9 Elasticity 10 extension of spring (S1-2005) force spring constant

11 extension of spring (S2-2007)

diameter

spring/wire/length of

spring

force/weight

3

FORCE AND PRESSURE

3.1 Pressure 12 depth (2004/2008) area of metal block weight

3.2 Pressure in Liquids 13 water distance depth density of water

14 length difference depth density

15 depth of water lavel density depth of thistle funnel

3.3 Gas and Atm Pressure 16 pressure time density of mercury

3.4 Pascal Principle 17 height of big piston area og big piston force/area small piston

3.5 Archimedes Principle 18 weight/volume of water displace mass/weight object density of water

19 weight/volume of water displace density mass/weight object

3.6 Bernoulli Principle 20 water lavel speed density of water

4

HEAT

4.1 Thermal In Equilibrium 20 rise in temperature time mass of water

4.2 Specific Heat Capacity 21 rise in temperature (S2-2004) mass time

4.3 Specific Latent Heat 22 rise in temperature density material time

4.4 The Gas Laws 23 pressure(2005) volume temperature

24pressure/volume (S1-2006:

Charles Law)temperature pressure/volume

5LIGHT

5.1 Reflection Of Light 25 angle of reflection angle of incident light intensity

5.2 Refraction Of Light 26 angle of refraction angle of incident light intensity



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27 apparent depth(2007) real depth size of an object

5.3 Total Internal Reflection 28 angle of refraction/reflection angle of incident density of block

5.4 Lenses 29 image distance object distancefocal length

TOPIC NO

Variable

6

Responding Manipulated Fixed

FORM FIVE

WAVES 25 EKSPERIMENT

1.1 Waves 1 frequency(2006) period size of spring

2 wavelength/time takenfrequency/length of

pendulumsize of spring/mass

1.2 Reflection of waves 3 same like form 4

1.2 Refraction of waves 4 wavelength depth density of water

1.3 Difraction of waves

1.5 Interference of waves 5 x wavelength a

6 distance/x frequency a

1.6 Sound waves 7 distance/x frequency a

1.7 Electromagnetic waves 8 wavelength colour(diffraction) thickess

7

ELECTRICITY

2.1 Electric fields and charge

flow9 current(2008) speed vandegraff size vandegraff

10 temperature(2007) current voltage

2.2 Ohm Law 11 potential difference (S2-2006) electric currentlength of constatant

wire

12resistance (S4-2004, S2-2005

(Diameter), S1-2007)

length/crosssectional

area/temperature

length/crosssectional

area/temperature

2.3 Series and parallel circuits 13 voltage across resistorno of resistor(2 ohm

each)

voltage supply(Siries

Circiut)

2.4 EMF and Internal

Resistance14 voltage across cell time same baterry

2.5 Electrical energy and

power15 power voltage current

current height mass load

8ELECTROMAGNETISM

3.1 Magnetic effect of CCC 16 strength of electromagnet number of turn of coil current

17 strength of electromagnet current number of turn

3.2 The Force on a CCC in a

magnetic field18 distance travel/force magnetic strength current

19 distance travel/force(2008) current magnetic strength

3.3 Electromagnetic induction 20 current(2005) speed magnetic strength



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21 currentno of turn/magnetic

strength

magnetic strength/ no

of turn

3.4 DC and AC

3.5 Transformers 22 induced current/voltageno of turn for secondary

coil

no of turn for primary

coil

23 frequencyno of turn for

primary/secondary coilsoft iron/seloinoid

3.6 Generation and transm

9

ELECTRONICS

4.1 Cathode ray oscilloscope 24 angle of deflection magnetic strength voltage supply

4.2 Semiconductor diodes

4.3 Transistors

4.4 Logic gates

10

RADIOACTIVITY

5.1 Nucleus of an atom

5.2 Radioactive decay 25 thikness of aluminium count rate radioactice source

5.3 Radioisotopes

5.4 Nuclear energy

5.5 Management of

radioactive

LAMPIRAN 2SKEMA CHARACTERISTIC ATAU PROPERTIES

BAGI SOALAN MODIFICATION DAN MAKING DICISION

Chapter 1/2/3 (FORCES AND MOTION/PRESSURE)

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ASPECT/CHARACTERISTIC/MODIFI

CATIONREASON/EXPLANATION

1 The small reading of scale 0.01 cmMore sensitif/more accurate/suitable to measure a

small length

2 Front and rear crumple zones to increase time of impact //to reduce impulsive force.

3 Air bags

will inflate during collision/to prevent driver and

passenger colliding with steering wheel and

dashboard.

4 Dashboard - made of soft materialto lengthen the time of impact so as to reduce

impulsive force.

5 Seat belt to prevent passengers thrown foward due to it inertia

6 Headrest to prevent head thrown back due to it inertia

7 Thicker wall at the baseTo withstand greater pressure at the bottom as the

pressure increases with depth

8The wall is constructed using stronger

materials / Using reinforce concrete

To avoid the wall from breaking / To increase the

strength of the wall / To avoid leaking

9 Equipped with the water overflow systemTo avoid flooding / To channel away the overflow

water

10 The mass must be high so that the vehicles becomes more stable

11 the types of engine is diesel so the cost is low

12 the diameter of the tyre must be bigger so the pressure is low // more stable

13 Streamline / larus reduce the resistance of water/ kurangkan rintangan air

14 Low Density /ketumpatan rendah higher buoyant force/ daya apungan tinggi



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15Specific heat capacity high / muatan haba

tentu tinggiabsorbs heat slowly/serap haba dengan perlahan

16 High strength / Kekuatan tinggi Difficult to damage / sukar rosak

17 Material made from glass Glass does not corrode with acid

18 Small diameter of capillary tube To increase the sensitivity of the hydrometer

19 High density of shots/added moreMakes the hydrometer stays upright/lower center of

gravity

20 Big diameter of bottom bulb To obtaine a bigger upthrust/stability21 Aerodynamics / cone shape at top Reducing of air friction

22 Small mass Higher rate of acceleration/easy to carry

23Less than half of the bottle filled with

water(water roket)

Enough space for increasing air pressure/ Big buoyant

force

24 3 or 4 wings The stability of the rocket

25 Angle of projection = 45 degree Increase the flight distance

26 Low density of an object So that it is lighter/accelerate faster

27 Higher density Bigger inertia/stability

28 High engine power To produce high acceleration// high resultant force

29 High spring constant // stiffer springSo that the spring is stiffer // motorcycle bounce less //

less vibration

30 Wide tyre // smooth tyre To increase stability // to reduce friction

31 use a spring with a bigger diameter so that k is bigger

32the spring is made from steel

a larger k(spring constant)

the type of material influences k produces a bigger

elastic PE. elastic P E changes to K E

33 spring is greatly compressed so that elastic Potential Energy is bigger

34 slope of inclined plane is 45 degrees so that distance is maximum

35 The melting point should be high To be able to withstand high

36 The material must be very strong To be able to withstand very strong force

37Shaped with a curved surface at the top and

a flat surface at the bottom(aerodynamic)

To achieve an upward lifting force when moving at

high speed

38 Run with higher speed To increase kinetic energy

39 Bend pole greater // jump when the pole ismaximum bend

Increase elastic potential energy

40 Elastic pole // strong material // low densitySo that the pole can return to it original shape // So

that it will not break // light

41 Wear fit attire Reduce air resistance

42 Use mattress/soft materialincrease time of collision // reduce impulsive

force//increase landing time

43 Made of concreteStronger / Not easy to break

// metal can rust easily

44 thicker wall at the bottom able to withstand the higher pressure at the bottom

45 height from ground is high(dam) to produce a greater difference in pressure

46 Wide base cross section area So that ship can float//prevent from overturn // shipmore stable // ship not sink deeper

47 High volume of air space in the ship Produce air buoyant force// ship can float

48 Spring arrange in parallel The spring sistem is stiffer/less extension/less elastic

49 Spring with thicker wire The spring is stiffer/wire not easily break

50 Spring with smaller diameter of coilIncrease the stiffness of the spring//can with stand

higher force

51 Rope with small diameter(parachute) Accupy less space/less mass

52 Long stem(for hydrometer) Cover a wider range of densities

53 Stem with smaller diameter Sink more and increase the sensitivity

54 Low rate of rusting To ensure tha material last longer

55 Semicircular curve shaped(for slope) Exchange between KE and GPE easily

56 Smooth surface Easily to move/reduce frictional force

57 Synthetic material Light weight/air-proof material

Chapter 4 (HEAT)



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1

the lid of the pan designed to lower the

air pressure inside the panthe boiling point of water decreased

2

the lid of the pan made of substance which

has weak conductivity of heat

heat will not absorbed by the the lid,so heat will not

lost to surrounding

3

Made from material with low specific heat

capacity

Temperature in the pot can be increased quickly when

heated. This saves fuel / cooking gas.

4 Made from a low density material Pot is light and more portable

5Made from material that is not easilycorroded or oxidized

Pot is more durable and will not contaminate the foodwith dangerous material

6

The handle of the pot is made from material

with high specific heat capacity

The handle becomes hot slower and can be held

without scorching the hand

7

The pot is designed to have vertical

compartments which can be added or

removed

This makes the pot versatile because different food

can be cooked at the same time

8High melting point

Does not melt easily if there is an increase in

temperature.

9Liquid that difficult to compress.

Pressure will be transmited uniformly in all directions/

flows easily

10 High degree of hardness Can withstand great force / does not break easily

11Large numbers of fin blade -

Increase surface area // release heat quickly // engine

cools quickly

12Big size of fan

Can suck more air // more air can be blow to the

engine /Can cool down a larger area

13High boiling point

Not easily to vaporize // the volume of liquid reduce

slowly // takes a longer time to boil

14High specific heat capacity

Takes a longer time to become hot // the rise in

temperature is slow

15Increase the length/area of cooling coil

increase the resistance/Can transfer the heat faster to

the surrounding

16

A storage tank must be place at a higher

level

To give higher pressure

17 Pipe embedded in plate must be long will enlarge surface area will absorbs heat faster

18

The pipe inside the plate must be made of

metal

Metal is a good heat conductor,so it will transmit heat

to water easily/resistance hih

19

thermometer is made from strong

transparent glassso that it is not easily broken

20 the thermometric liquid chosen is mercury because it easily expands uniformly

21 the capillary tube is made narrow and thin so that it is more sensitive

22 the shape of the thermometer is round so that it has a magnifying effect

23 the thermometer is placed in melting ice to obtain the lower point

the thermometer is placed in steam to obtain the upper point

24 Low specific heat capacity of ice cream box Easy get cold // becomes cool quickly

25 Smaller size of ice cream box Easier to carry // easy too become cool

26 Plastic PVC Poor conductor of heat

27 Bright colour of outer box Does not absorb heat from surrounding quickly

28 Use insulator behind the absorber panel To prevent the loss of heat energy

29

Use an absorber panel which is painted

black.

A black surface is a good absorber of radiation so it

will absorb heat faster

Chapter 5 (LIGHT)

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1Small critical angle.

Allow more light to involve in total internal

reflection2 str ong material not easily broken.

3 flexible material. Can easily change the shape.

4 fine diameter can enter small holes.

5 High refractive index Total internal reflection can occur easily



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6Optical fibre in a bundle

Large number of signal/higher intensity of light can

propagate

7 Material with weak rigidity The optical fibre can be bent easily

8 Material with great strength The optical fibre can last longer/not easily spoil

9

A plane mirror mounted on an adjustable

armReflects light to the vertical screen, corrects lateral

and vertical inversion

10 Use a converging mirror instead of planemirror

Focus the light directly to the lens // increase theintensity of light.

11

Place the filament at the centre of curvature

of the converging mirror // use high

powered lens

Light goes directly from the lamp and reflect back on

the same path // increase the intensity of light

towards the transparency // to get brighter image

12 Use heat filter To absorb excess heat to the transparency

13Electric fan operates during and after the

lamp is switched on

Cooling system to stabilize the temperature (heat

energy produced by filament bulb)

14 Shorter // smaller size of binocular easy to carry

15Use prism to make the total internal

refleclection occurProduce upright image

16 Higher density Higher refractive indeks

17 Ojective lens with larger diameter More light passes through the lens

18 Eyepiece with higher power Shorter focal length

19 Shorter focal length Higher power/increase the magnification

20 Convex lense Can produce real image

21 u a bit bigger than f Produce maximum magnification

22 periscope Cheaper than cctv

23 2 plane mirror/prism Can reflect light from object

24 Casing to hold the mirror Easier to handle periscope

25 Convex mirror Wider field view

26Optcal fibre with higher densities/ refrative

index inner compare than outerTo ensure total internal reflection occur

Chapter 6 (WAVE)

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ASPECT/CHARACTERISTIC/M

ODIFICATIONREASON/EXPLANATION

1 Build near bay

Waves are calmer due to divergence of energy/ Convergence

of waves at the cape/The bay is shallower .

The speed of waves decreases./The amplitude of waves at the

bay is small.

2 Build retaining walls

Reduce direct impact of the waves on the shore. To reflect the

waves from the shore./Protect the area from large waves

/avoid erosion

3 Concrete barrier structure with a gapin between

Waves passing through the gap will be diffracted in the

childrens area/the smaller amplitude of the diffracted waves

causes the sea to be calmer there energy of waves decreases.

4 Build high retaining wall To ensure the water not overflow.

5 Thick area at the base of the wall To withstand high pressure at the base

6 Long wavelength Easy to diffract

7 Short Slit Diffraction more obvious

8 Ultrasonic wave Can transfer more energy

Chapter 7/8 (ELECTRIC & ELECTROMAGNET)

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ASPECT/CHARACTERISTIC/MO

DIFICATION REASON/EXPLANATION

1The electric appliances are connected

in parallel

Allow each electric appliances to be switched on and off

independently/Higher voltage

One appliaces damage the another can still function

2 Fit fuse at the live wire in the fuse To stop the flow of current by melting when a high voltage



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box/Use miniature circuit breakers

(mcbs)

of electric current flows through the circuit // switches itself

off very quickly if the current exceeds

3Earth connection to the metal case of

electrical appliances

Earth wire connected to earth, so that when a fault occurs

and a current flows through the live wire and the earth wire,

the fuse in the live wire will blow and cut off the supply.

4Use low power lamps / install

fluorescent lampTo reduce the energy use/do not waste the electrical energy

5 Regularly cleaning and removing dustfrom the air filters of air conditioners

To make sure the appliaces function effectively

6 Low power lamp Safe cost//electric bill

7 High efficiencyThe room looks brighter//high output power//less power

wastage

8 Long life span No need to replace often

9 Low price/cost Save money/cost

10 Smaller surface area the resistance is higher

11 High melting point not easy to melt

12 Long (coiled) metal to increase the resistance

13 Low rate of oxidation Does not oxidize easily / can be used for a longer period

14 Low resistance Current will increase / more heat will be produced

15 Low resistivity To reduce heat loss in the cables

16 Low rate of thermal expansion The cables will not expand under hot weather

17 use thin diaphragm Easy to vibrate

18 Use strong material Not easy to break

19 More number of turns of coilIncrease the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage // The

magnitude of the induced current or is also increased

20 Thicker diameter of wire of coil reduce the resistance of the coil

21

Using more powerful magnet to

increase the strength of the magnetic

field

Increase the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage //The

magnitude of the induced current or induced electromotive

force is also increased

22 Change slip rings with commutatorTo reverse contact with brushes so that the current flow in

same direction in external circuit23 Use stronger magnet To increase the magnetic field strength

24Use more number of turn for the coil/

Increase the speed of rotation

Increase the rate of change of magnetic field/increase the

induced current

25 Diameter should be large to reduce the resistance of the cables

26 The rate of expansion should be lowSo there is less expansion and less sagging in the cables

during hot days

27 Use capacitor To smoothen the current produced/to store electric charge

28 Using concave surface soft iron Produce radial magnetic field to ensure smooten rotatation

29 Using a laminated iron core Reduce Eddy current in iron core

30 Thick copper wire reduce the resistance of the coil

31 Using soft iron for the core Reduce the hysterisis loss.Easy to magnetize and demagnitize

32Winding the secondary and primary

coils on top each other.

Reduce Leakage of Magnetic Flux

Chapter 9 (RADIOACTIVE)

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ASPECT/CHARACTERISTIC/MO

DIFICATIONREASON/EXPLANATION

1

The half-life should be a few days

long

This allows for the location to be detected and thereafter the

radioactive contamination is reduced

2

The source should emit particles This enables the radiation to be detected above the

ground/high penetrating power

3The detector should be able to detect

particles (low ionising particles)High ionising particles like and particles are absorbed bythe ground

4 Has a long half-life Can be used for a long time hence save cost

5Emits beta

Can penetrate box and liquid and is less

dangerous than gamma



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6 Solid form Easy to handle and contain.

7 Low ionising power Does not change the state and taste of juice

8 Higher ionising power Easy for the medium to conduct electricity

LAMPIRAN 3

SOALAN UNDERSTANDING

TINGKATAN 4

CHAPTER 1

4. Explain the differences between accuracy and

consistency of a measuring instrument by using

suitable examples.

Accuracy is the ability of the instrument to

give readings close to the actual value.

The value determined is accurate if it is near

to the actual value

The consistency of a measuring instrument is

the ability of instrument to record consistent

readings for each measurement with little

deviation among readings.

The measurement is consistent if the values

determined are close to each other.

CHAPTER 2

5. To accelerate 2 objects with the same

acceleration, the heavier object needs a bigger

force. Explain the statement.

Higher mass, higher inertia

To accelerate an object, need to overcome the

inertia first.

Therefore, more force is needed for heavier

object.

6. Can you explain why the passenger thrown

forward when the bus suddenly stop and thehead of the passenger were thrown back when

the car started moving.

When the bus was moving, the passenger

were also moving at the same speed as the

bus.

When the bus stopped, the passengers

continued moving. Hence, they were thrown

foward.

The people in the car tried to remain in their

state of rest when the car started moving.Hence, they were thrown back.

In both situations, the passengers were

resisting a change in their state of motion and

also known as Inertia.

The concept of inertia also known as

Newtons First Law of Motion, which states

that an object will remain at rest or continue

with a constant speed in a straight line unless

an external forces acting on it

7. Can you explain why a maximum speed of

supertanker might need to stop its engine over adistance of about 3 km before it can come to

stop.



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A supertanker at a state of motions and have a

maximum velocity.

A supertanker has a larger mass.

A larger mass have a lot/larger inertia.

When the engine stop, the supertanker will

continue it state of motions.

So it take a longer distance/time to stop due to

its has a larger inertia.

8. Explain why a softball player moves his hand

backwards while catching a fast moving ball.

Other situation: bend our knee after jump?

A soft ball has a high velocity.

A soft ball has a high momentum.

The soft ball player move his hand backward

to increase time impact.

The higher the time impact will reduce

impulsive force. So we will not feel hurt.

9. Diagram (a) shows two identical spherical

plasticine balls before being released from the

same height. Diagram (b) shows the state of

the

plasticine balls when they hit the wood and the

sponge. It was observed that the plasticine

stopped more quickly when it hit the wood.

Explain the changes in energy that occur from

the moment the plasticine ball is released until

reaches the position in Diagram (b)

Before released, the plasticine has

Gravitational Potential energy .

When falling , Gravitational Potential

energy changes to Kinetic energy

When the plasticine hits the surface of

wood , the Kinetic energy changes to

Heat energy / / Sound energy

The energy / work done is use to changes

the shape of sponge

10. Explain how the forces between the molecules

caused the elasticity when the spring is compressed

and stretched.

There are two types of force; attraction and

repulsive force between the particles of the

solid.

When the solid is stretched, the moleculesdisplaced away from each other

Attractive forces are acting to oppose the

stretching

When the solid is compressed, the molecules

displaced closer to each other

Repulsive forces are acting to oppose the

compression

11. Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh menentukan

ketumpatan bagi penyumbat gabus.

timbang jisim gabus ikat gabus dengan pemberat dan masukan

dalam silinder penyukat

perubahan isipadu air bersamaan dengan

isipadu gabus

ketumpatan gabus = jisim perisipadu

12. Using the principle of conservation of

momentum, explain the working principle of

the rocket.

Fuel burns in the combustion chamber

Hot gases expelled at high speedbackwards

A large backwards momentum is produced

The rocket gains forwards momentum of

equal magnitude

13. Why the boy with mass 40kg slides down the

flume when the angle of inclination is 30 o and

remains stationary when the angle of

inclination is 17.5o.(the frictional force is

120N)

Boy slide down when component ofweight parallel to the slope is higher than

frictional force

Resultant force acting to produced

acceleration

Boy remain stationary when component of

weight parallel to the slope is equal to

frictional force

Resultant force is equal to zero make the

boy in force equilibrium

14. Explain why the boat moves away from thejetty as a boy jumps out of the boat onto the

river bank.



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When the boy jumps onto the river bank,

his momentum is forward.

Using the Principle of conservation of

momentum

the total momentum before and after

jumping is equal

The boat moves backward to balance the

forward momentum15. Explain why the need of steel structure and the

separate compartments to build in lorry

carrying heavy load.

The inertia of lorry and load is very big

when it is moving

The separate compartments make the load

divided into smaller mass, thus reducing

the inertia of each unit.

The momentum of lorry and load is very

big when it is moving and produce abigger impulsive force.

The steel structure will prevent the loads

from smashing into the drivers

compartment during emergency braking.

16. Why we feel easier to pull the wheel barrow

compared to push the wheel barrow?

The object on the wheel barrow has a

weight

When we push the wheel barrow there is a

force acting on the ground in the same

direction as the weight.

So the total force acting on the ground is

the weight and the force produced when

we push the wheel barrow.

When we pull the wheel barrow the force

produced is in opposite direction with the

weight.

So the total force acting on the floor is a

weight less the force produced when we

pull the wheel barrow

CHAPTER 3

17. Explain why the wooden block move upwards

and then float on the water surface when it

release from the above of the water surface.

Buoyant force increase when the volume

of water displace increase.

Buoyant force higher than weight of block.

Boyant force pushed the wooden block

upward. The wooden block then float because the

buoyant force is equal to the weight of the

wooden block

The concept involve is archimedes

principle

18. Exlplain how the brake system operates when the

car needs to slow down.

When the brake is pressed ,a force is

applied to the piston and pressure isexerted.

Pressure is transmitted uniformly

throughout the brake fluid.

Force is exerted on the piston of the brak

Documents

7th Tips Physics SPM Success Modul Teknik Menjawab Kertas 2 Dan 3