8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

1/186

Hczolonh mklowmkgh 1 lh mklowomhnykfnh

Nhow, Aow

cjkgf

Hczolonh mklowmkgh1 lh mklowomh nykfnh

Kczyojvggkc

Ikilkonyhmh

Hpcjkgf

Zftzow

Gkgfyc

Dfyojozo

Fl myhnbfczo jf Hchtkbhcjyo

Fl myhnbfczo jf Hchtbfcfw

Low myhnbfczow jf Dfyglkzo

Woiyf fl vck}fywo

Kczyojvggkc Lnkgh

Gowbolonh

HczyopolonhPolzkgh

Zfolonh

Fl pofbh jf Phybckjfw

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

2/186

Kczyojvggkc

Plhzc

Lh Womwzkgh

Fl Bkzo { Jkwgvywo jf Pyoznoyhw

Wgyhzfw

Hpolonh

Lh hlfnoyh jf lh gh}fych

Hpcjkgf

Lh Zfoyh jf lhw kjfhw wfnc fl Mfjc

Hykwzzflfw

Bfzhmwkgh

Lkiyo H

Lkiyo L

zkgh

Lh jogzykch jfl zybkco bfjko

Lkiyo KK

Cozhw

Ftplkghgkc

Cozhw woiyf Gkgfyc

Cozhw woiyf Dfyojozo

Cozhw woiyf Hchtkbhcjyo

Cozhw woiyf Hchtbfcfw

Cozhw woiyf Dfyglkzo

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

3/186

Cozhw woiyf Phybckjfw

Cozhw woiyf Plhzc

Bkzo { jkwgvywo jf Pyoznoyhw

Hpolonh jf Wgyhzfw

Hlfnoyh jf lh gh}fych

Hpcjkgf

Cozhw woiyf Hykwzzflfw

Bfzhmwkgh# Lkiyo H

Bfzhmwkgh# Lkiyo L

zkgh# Lkiyo KK

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

4/186

Hczolonh mklowmkgh1

lh mklowomh nykfnhAow NhowU8R

H low hwkwzfczfw h bk gvywo jfKczyojvggkc h lh Mklowomh,

pyomfwhjo fc lh Mhgvlzhjjf Mklowomh { Fwzvjkow Wvpfykoyfwjf lh Vck}fywkjhj Chgkochl jf Btkgofc fl ho jf 8;7;#

U7R

Kczyojvggkc

K

Fl Dkwzoykgkwbo { lh fcwfhcqh jf lh mklowomh

Lh fcwfhcqh jf lh mklowomh dh }fckjo pockfcjo fc pygzkgh bv{ }hykhjow plhcfw {bzojow h lo lhyno jf lh dkwzoykh, pfyo pykcgkphlbfczf fc cvfwzyow jhw# Phyh dhgfyyfmfyfcgkh h wzow wolow, }hyhc low nyhjow { yhbhw jf lh fcwfhcqh fc xvf wf kcglv{f lh jflh mklowomh, }hyhc fl goczfckjo { lh moybh goc xvf wf fcwfh fc hxvfllow nyhjow { yhbhwfc xvf wf kcglv{f wv fcwfhcqh# Wf zyhzh, {h jf pyhgzkghy vc bzojo oghwkochlkwzh, jfhpyo}fgdhy lhw oghwkocfw xvf omyfgf lh fcwfhcqh jf lhw jfbw bhzfykhw phyh pyolocnhylhwo pyomvcjkqhylhw dhwzh lh mklowomh, $8+{h jf dhgfy jf wzh bhzfykh jf vch fcwfhcqh hphyzf,pyopkh# Fwzh fcwfhcqh wf gocgkif gobo lh jf vc wkwzfbh, jkwgkplkch o gvfypo U:R jfjkwgkplkchw, o gobo fcwfhcqh jf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh# Fc fl pykbfy ghwo, fl wkwzfbhpvfjf wfy vc wkwzfbh oykvcjo jf vc phwhjo bw o bfcow yfbozo, pfyo hl xvf wf hzykiv{fvch pfyfcckjhj ftgfpgkochl $9+o vch hgzvhlkjhj yfco}hjh { yfco}hjoyh $7+, o vc wkwzfbhhyzkgvlhjo oyknkchlbfczf fc cvfwzyow jhw $:+5 lh jkwgkplkch o fl gvfypo jf jkwgkplkchwpvfjfc wfy flfnkjhw poy vch pyfwvczh hpzkzvj pyopfjvzkgh o coybhzk}h { pygzkgh $6+, o poywvpowkgkc mvcjhbfczhl o gfczyhl fc lh fcgkglopfjkh mklowmkgh $=+, o pvfjfc ftzfcjfywf h

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

5/186

fwzh fcgkglopfjkh fczfyh $>+# Fc fl ghwo jf lh fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh, wf opzh poy lh fcwfhcqh,ikfc jf low oynfcfw jf lh mklowomh oggkjfczhl ftglvwk}hbfczf $4+5 ikfc jf low oynfcfw jflh mklowomh fc nfcfyhl, oggkjfczhl { oykfczhl, pfyo jf low oynfcfw wolow $;+5 ikfc jf lhmklowomh jf nyhcjfw pfcwhjoyfw jf jkwzkczhw fjhjfw { gvlzvyhw, pfyo jf pvyow nyhcjfwpfcwhjoyfw $80+5 ikfc jf lh dkwzoykh fczfyh jf lh mklowomh $88+# [ zojhw fwzhw }hykhczfw jkwzhc

jf wfy lhw ckghw xvf pvfjhc yfnkwzyhywf fc pvczo h lo xvf ghif llhbhy fl goczfckjo jf lhfcwfhcqh $89+, h jkmfyfcgkh jf lo xvf ghif llhbhy wv moybh, fc pvczo h lh gvhl wffcgvfczyhc pyhgzkghjow U6R gobo bzojow gocwzkzvzk}ow jf ozyhw zhczhw }hykhczfw lhlfggkc o gocmfyfcgkh $87+, lh lfgzvyh { ftplkghgkc o gobfczhyko jf zftzow $8:+, low llhbhjowfafygkgkow $86+, fl jklono $8=+#

Pfyo bf phyfgf gyfgkfczf { dhwzh jfgkjkjhbfczf pyfpocjfyhczf {h lh zfcjfcgkh h lhfcwfhcqh dkwzykgh { zftzvhl jf lh mklowomh# Lhw }hykhczfw co dkwzykghw fcvbfyhjhwkcglv{fc zojhw phyzfw dkwzykghw xvf llfnhc fc ghwow h fxvklkiyhywf goc lhw ozyhw { h jhy hlgocavczo vc ghygzfy wkwzfbzkgo"dkwzykgo# Lhw }hykhczfw dkwzykghw dhc }fckjoftzfcjkcjowf f kbpockcjowf# Lh fcwfhcqh vck}fywkzhykh jf lh mklowomh nyh}kzh fc zoycoh lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh, wk fw xvf co wf yfjvgf h wzh# Low gvywow jf lhw jkwzkczhwjkwgkplkchw mklowmkghw }fywhc fc ivfch poygkc { dhwzh ftglvwk}hbfczf woiyf low mklwomowglwkgow { goczfbpoycfow, gv{hw oiyhw wf lffc { gobfczhc fc lh glhwf, gobo fc low U=Rgvywow jf Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh, { jkmgkl fc zojow low ghwow, kbpowkilf fc bvgdow,hj}fyzky ck wfhlhy jkmfyfcgkh hlnvch fczyf lh bhcfyh jf zyhzhy h low mklwomow fc low gvywowjf hxvfllhw jkwgkplkchw { fc low jf fwzh Dkwzoykh, ck fczyf lh bhcfyh jf zyhzhy h low glwkgow{ lh jf zyhzhy h low goczfbpoycfow# Fc mkc, wf dh hghihjo poy hmkybhy ftplgkzh {yfwvflzhbfczf xvf lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh fw fl ynhco, gobo jf lh mklowomh bkwbh,hmkybhgkc dfgdh {h goc hczfykoykjhj $8>+, jf lh kckgkhgkc fc fllh, { xvf h fwzh kckgkhgkcfw kcdfyfczf lh lfgzvyh jf low zftzow bkwbow jf low mklwomow $84+#

Hdoyh ikfc, lh fcwfhcqh jf lh mklowomh, lh zyhcwbkwkc jkjgzkgh jf lh mklowomh, fwphyzf jf lh zyhwbkwkc dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh, jf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh, { fc lh bfjkjhfc xvf lh mklowomh fw, wfnc }fyfbow, wv dkwzoykh, phyzf jf lh mklowomh bkwbh, gobo, poylo jfbw, lo pyvfihc kyyfmyhnhilfbfczf low glhyow "fc zojow wfczkjow" fafbplow xvf wfyfboczhc, poy lo bfcow, dhwzh Plhzc# Co fw jf ftzyhhy, pvfw, xvf lhw }hykhczfw jf lhfcwfhcqh jf lh mklowomh yfwpocjhc, jfwjf lvfno h lhw kjfhw pfjhnnkghw kbpfyhczfw "fllhw bkwbhw fc yflhgkocfw gobplfahw goc lh mklowomh $8;+" pfyo mvcjhbfczhlbfczf h lhwkjfhw pyomfwhjhw hgfygh jf lh mklowomh bkwbh, h lh mklowomh jf lh mklowomh $90+# Vcbzojo gobo fl oghwkochlkwzh co dh pojkjo wfyU>R kcwpkyhjo wkco poy lh kjfh powkzk}kwzh ogykzkgkwzh jf xvf lh mklowomh co fw zhczo hlno hphyzf jf lhw gkfcgkhw gvhczo hlno h xvf wfllfnh phwhcjo wkc wolvgkc jf goczkcvkjhj jfwjf low pyoilfbhw { cogkocfw jf lhw gkfcgkhwdhwzh lhw gvfwzkocfw { wvpvfwzow xvf dh{ fc fl mocjo jf fwzow pyoilfbhw { cogkocfw $98+#Lh fcwfhcqh jf vc wkwzfbh jfl phwhjo o jf cvfwzyow jhw fw lh gocwfgvfcgkh jf kjfhwhgfygh jf lh }fyjhj jf lh mklowomh fc yflhgkc goc wv dkwzoykh1 bkfczyhw xvf dh{ xvkfcfwfwzc goc}fcgkjow jf xvf lh }fyjhj dh wkjo jfwgvikfyzh { ftpvfwzh jfmkckzk}hbfczf poyjfzfybkchjow pfcwhjoyfw jfl pyfzykzo $99+, ozyow pkfcwhc, bw o bfcow gocwgkfczf {mvcjhjhbfczf, xvf lh }fyjhj fw fc ghjh bobfczo dkwzykgo pyopkh jf lh mklowomhpyojvgkjh fc l $97+# Lh kcglvwkc jf jfzfybkchjhw jkwgkplkchw fc low plhcfw jf fcwfhcqhjf lh mklowomh o wv ftglvwkc jf fllow fwzc gojfzfybkchjhw poy lhw kjfhw hgfygh jf lh

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

6/186

powkiklkjhj o kbpowkiklkjhj jf fwzhw jkwgkplkchw o hgfygh jf wv powkgkc mvcjhbfczhl ogfczyhl fc lh mklowomh1 hw, lh flkbkchgkc o lh yfwzykggkc jf lh bfzhmwkgh { fl mh}oyozoynhjo h lh pwkgolonh { h lh zfoyh jfl gocogkbkfczo jvyhczf fl pyfjobkcko jf lhw kjfhwpwkgolonkwzhw { gykzkgkwzhw hczkbfzhmwkghw $9:+# [ fc nfcfyhl { U4R bvgdo bw pyomvcjh {jfgkwk}hbfczf, lh kcglvwkc jf lh mklowomh fc low plhcfw jf fcwfhcqh yfwpocjf h lh

goc}kggkc jf wv }hloy jf klvwzyhgkc { moybhzk}o, phyh lh }kjh { whl}hjoy, goc}kggkcpygzkghbfczf vck}fywhl "pfyo xvf co poy fllo jfah jf wfy pyoilfbzkgh $96+#

Hclonhbfczf, fl hvnf fc cvfwzyow jhw jf lh fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh { zftzvhl jf lhmklowomh "gobo jf lh lkzfyhzvyh { jf ozyow wfgzoyfw jf lh gvlzvyh "wf jfif, wkc jkwpvzh, hldkwzoykgkwbo jf cvfwzyo zkfbpo, zojo vc mfcbfco zpkgo { ghyhgzfywzkgo, hl phy, jf fwzfzkfbpo# Wkc jvjh xvf jfwjf low oynfcfw jf lh dkwzoykh, pfgvlkhybfczf vckjow h low jf lhdkwzoykonyhmh, low dobiyfw jf zojhw lhw fjhjfw { gvlzvyhw dhc }fckjo zfckfcjo bfboykh,gocgkfcgkh, whify dkwzykgow jf hczfphwhjow { jf w bkwbow gobo wvgfwoyfw jf fwzowhczfphwhjow, jfwzkchjow h phwhy h wfy hczfphwhjow jf wvgfwoyfw }fckjfyow# Bhw phyfgfxvf cvcgh fwzh gocgkfcgkh dkwzykgh hlghcq lhw jkbfcwkocfw ck zob low ghyhgzfyfw { lhwknckmkghgkc jf lh pyopkh jf cvfwzyo zkfbpo# Cvfwzyh gocgkfcgkh dkwzykgh wf ftzkfcjfdhwzh low zkfbpow pyfdkwzykgow dvbhcow, { hc bw hll, goc lh phlfoczolonh f dkwzoykhjf lh zkfyyh { lh zfoyh jf lh f}olvgkc# Cvfwzyo whify dkwzykgo jh lh }vflzh hl nloio goclhw gvlzvyhw xvf hihygh# Cvfwzyh dkwzoykonyhmh co fw dkwzoykh jf wvgfwow phyzkgvlhyfwpolzkgow { ilkgow, wkco dkwzoykh vck}fywhl jf lh gvlzvyh dvbhch# Lhw gkfcgkhw jfl fwpykzvo jf lh gvlzvyh, o gkfcgkhw dvbhchw, woc zojhw bw o bfcow gyfhgkc, gvhcjo co jf vchfwgvflh dkwzykgh jf kjfczkjhj pyfgkwh, jfl fwpykzv dkwzykgo nfcfyhl hl wknlo jf fwzhfwgvflh, fwzc zojhw bw o bfcow dkwzoykqhjhw { phyh hlnvchw fw pyoilfbh ftpyfwhbfczfplhczfhjo, mvcjhbfczhl { jkmgkl jf yfwol}fy fl jf U;R wv jkwzkcgkc yfwpfgzo jf lh Dkwzoykh#Dhwzh lh gkfcgkh chzvyhl, dhwzh lh bhzfbzkgh bkwbh fwzc dkwzoykqhjhw, { h zyh}w jf lhpykbfyh lh chzvyhlfqh, lo co dvbhco, fc vc wfczkjo bv{ jkwzkczo jfl jf lh zyhjkgkochl

ftpyfwkc Dkwzoykh Chzvyhl1 wf dhilh jf lh bhzfbzkgh nykfnh { jf lh bhzfbzkghbojfych gobo dkwzykghbfczf jkmfyfczfw, { wf gocwkjfyh lh chzvyhlfqh gobo vchgocgfpgkc jf lh gkfcgkh mwkgh, }hykhczf goc wzh h lo lhyno jf lh dkwzoykh# H lo lhyno jf lhdkwzoykh }fch wkfcjo zyhjkgkochlbfczf kbpfyhczf lh gocgfpgkc jf oiyhw jf lh gvlzvyhgvhlfw lhw jfl hyzf gobo kcgoypoyhgkc { ftpyfwkc jf }hloyfw fafbplhyfw { fzfycow, fllhwbkwbhw powffjoyhw jf vch oiafzk}kjhj { pfyfcckjhj pfgvlkhyfw1 fc cvfwzyo zkfbpo dh}fckjo nfcfyhlkqcjowf fc pyopoygkc wkfbpyf gyfgkfczf fl gocwkjfyhy zojhw lhw oiyhw {bhckmfwzhgkocfw jf lh gvlzvyh mvcjhbfczhl { dhwzh ftglvwk}hbfczf gobo ftpyfwkcdkwzykgh jf wv pogh, poy pyojvgzow dkwzykgow jf fwzh pogh# Pfyo fl phwo jfmkckzk}o lo dhjhjo lh mklowomh, xvf dh wkjo zhc pogo hafch h fwzf dkwzoykgkwbo, xvf lo dh fbpvahjo dhwzhfl ftzyfbo ihao fl gvhl dh ghjo fllh bkwbh# Lh mklowomh goczfbpoycfh dh llfnhjo h

fcwfhy xvf lh dkwzoykgkjhj fw fwfcgkh jf lh chzvyhlfqh dvbhch "o bvgdo bfaoy, xvf fldobiyf co zkfcf chzvyhlfqh ck fwfcgkh, wkco dkwzoykh1 xvf fw dkwzoykh, wv dkwzoykh# Fcphyzkgvlhy, pvfw, xvf zojhw lhw gowhw dvbhchw woc dkwzykghw, zkfcfc dkwzoykh, woc vchdkwzoykh1 dkwzoykh jf lh yflknkc, jf lh gkfcgkh, jfl hyzf### gocnyvfczfbfczf, zhbikc lhmklowomh bkwbh#

Lh mklowomh dh zfckjo gocgkfcgkh jf w gobo jf hlno xvf wf yfhlkqh dkwzykghbfczf fcplvyhlkjhj jf mklowomhw, jfwjf fl bobfczo kcbfjkhzo h wv bobfczo oyknkchyko fc xvf

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

7/186

wzf phw h wfy phwhjo phyh hxvl, gobo pvfjf gobpyoihy fl lfgzoy fc low myhnbfczow jfDfyglkzo { jf Phybckjfw kcglvkjow fc fwzh hczolonh# Pfyo fwzh gocgkfcgkh U80R dkwzykghjf w bkwbh zfckjh poy lh mklowomh dh fwzhjo dhwzh cvfwzyow bkwbow jhw oynhckqhjhczkbhbfczf poy lh gocgfpgkc zyhjkgkochl jf lh }fyjhj { lh gocgfpgkc jf lh yfhlkjhjkbplgkzh fc fwzh gocgfpgkc jf lh }fyjhj, xvf woc wfcjhw gocgfpgkocfw hdkwzykghw jf lh

}fyjhj { lh yfhlkjhj, { fl fmfgzo dh wkjo vc goczyhwfczkjo fc fl mocjo jf lh gocgkfcgkhdkwzykgh zfckjh poy lh mklowomh jf w bkwbh# Jf lh }fyjhj, jf lh pyopowkgkc, o bfaoy,gvfypo jf pyopowkgkocfw gocmoybfw goc lh yfhlkjhj bfczhjh bfjkhczf fllhw, wf pyfjkghgobo hzykivzo fwfcgkhl lh vckjhj1 gvfypo jf pyopowkgkocfw gocmoybfw goc lh yfhlkjhjbfczhjh bfjkhczf fllhw co pvfjf dhify bw xvf vco "wvpvfwzh lh vckjhj jf lh yfhlkjhjbfczhjh bfjkhczf lhw pyopowkgkocfw jfl gvfypo, gobo vckjhj jf vch yfhlkjhj ckghkcglvwo fc fl wfczkjo jf wv co bvlzkplkghgkc, co jk}fywkmkghgkc fc fl zkfbpo, jf lhkcbvzhiklkjhj, fzfyckjhj, o bfaoy, kczfbpoyhlkjhj1 gvfypow jf pyopowkgkocfw gocmoybfwgoc yfhlkjhjfw jkwzkczhw {h wkbplfbfczf fc fl wfczkjo jfl ghbiko fc fl zkfbpo jf vchyfhlkjhj oyknkchykh, co wlo pvfjf dhify bvgdow, low dh{ jf dfgdo# Pvfw ikfc, yfnkjh poyzhl kjfh jf lh vckjhj jf lh yfhlkjhj dh wkjo lh gocgfpgkc jf wzh xvf dhc }fckjo

zyhwbkzkcjowf zyhjkgkochlbfczf lhw mklowomhw, { zhl gvfypo jf pyopowkgkocfw gocmoybfwgoc lh yfhlkjhj hw fczfcjkjh dh pfcwhjo bw o bfcow gocwgkfczf, pfyo fmfgzk}hbfczf,ghjh mklowomh, xvf jfif wfy lh mklowomh, { dh pyfzfcjkjo bw o bfcow ftpyfwhbfczf, pfyogoc zojh goc}kggkc, wfy fllh bkwbh# Gocwfgvfcgkh kcjfmfgzkilf1 gocwkjfyhy ghjh mklowomhkczfnyhcjo lh yfhlkjhj dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh jf jkwzkczh bhcfyh fllh bkwbh { lhw jfbw,fllh bkwbh gobo mklowomh }fyjhjfyh { }fyjhjfyh mklowomh, lhw jfbw gobo mklowomhwmhlwhw { mhlwhw mklowomhw "goczyh fl wfczkjo pyopko, hvzczkgo, jf lh gocgkfcgkh dkwzykgh jflh mklowomh, xvf wf yf}flh hl yfhlkqhywf, goc plfch gocnyvfcgkh U88R gocwkno bkwbo, fc flyfgocogkbkfczo jf yfhlkjhjfw dkwzykghw, { hvc fc zojh vch gocgfpgkc dkwzykgh jf lhyfhlkjhj vck}fywhl, { fc lh goyyfwpocjkfczf gocgfpgkc dkwzykgh jf lh }fyjhj, pyojvgkjhw{ nfcfyhlkqcjowf fc cvfwzyow jhw# Vch bhcfyh jf gocwkjfyhy lh yflhgkc fczyf lh

mklowomh { lh dkwzoykh gobo lh zyhjkgkochl, fxvk}hlf h pfcwhy xvf lh dkwzoykh hmfgzh wlo hlhw mklowomhw mhlwhw, h lhw mhlwhw mklowomhw, fc wvbh, h lo mhlwo fc nfcfyhl, pfyoftglvwk}hbfczf h lo mhlwo "lh dkwzoykh, jfl fyyoy1 fyyoy, fyyhy1 vc hcjhy fyyhczf, lh dkwzoykh#Fxvk}hlf h pfcwhy, goyyflhzk}hbfczf, xvf fw zyhwgfcjfczf "fc ftpyfwkc jfmkckzk}h" h lhdkwzoykh lh mklowomh }fyjhjfyh, lh }fyjhjfyh mklowomh, lh mklowomh { lh }fyjhj, fc wvbh#Bhcfyh jf gocwkjfyhy lh yflhgkc fczyf lh mklowomh { lh dkwzoykh xvf wf hcvlh h w bkwbh fclh yfgkpyogkjhj jfl ftglvwk}kwbo jf lhw mklowomhw xvf lh pyomfwhc### Lh dkwzoykgkjhj jf lhmklowomh gocwkwzf fc lh pfyzfcfcgkh jf zojhw lhw mklowomhw poy knvhl h lh dkwzoykh "o fc lhkcdfyfcgkh jf wzh poy knvhl h zojhw lhw mklowomhw# H zojhw lhw mklowomhw, gobo h zojhw lhwyfhlkjhjfw dvbhchw, { h zojh yfhlkjhj goyyflhzo jf vch yfhlkjhj dvbhch fc gvhczo zhlgoyyflhzo1 h zojh lh yfhlkjhj fc gvhczo goyyflhzo jf lh yfhlkjhj dvbhch# Lh yfhlkjhj, fc

gvhczo goyyflhzo jf lh dvbhch, zyhwgvyyf dkwzykghbfczf, bvjh, wf jk}fywkmkgh, wfbvlzkplkgh, fw plvyhl fc fl zkfbpo# [ h fwzh yfhlkjhj plvyhl, zfbpoyhl, goyyfwpocjf vchplvyhlkjhj jf gvfypow jf pyopowkgkocfw gocmoybfw goc fllh, fczyf fllow low gocwzkzvjowpoy lhw mklowomhw kczfnyhczfw jf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh, kczfnyhczfw jf lh mklowomh "zojhwpoy knvhl# Wk co zojhw gobo knvhlbfczf mhlwhw, w zojhw gobo knvhlbfczf }fyjhjfyhw,knvhlbfczf gocmoybfw goc lh yfhlkjhj "jf wv zkfbpo, knvhlbfczf goczykiv{fczfw hl gvfypojf pyopowkgkocfw gocmoybf goc lh yfhlkjhj dkwzykgh jf zojow low zkfbpow" poyxvf lhplvyhlkjhj dkwzykgh co jfah jf zfcfy wv vckjhj, { U89R hdoyh fw lh gvfwzkc pfcwhy goc

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

8/186

godfyfcgkh lh knvhl }fyjhj jf zojhw, fl gocgfpzo, hphyfczfbfczf kbpowkilf goczyhjkggkcfc low zybkcow, pfyo moyqowo, jf }fyjhj dkwzykgh### "Fc yknoy, lh plvyhlkjhj dkwzykgh jflhw mklowomhw zkfcf hc vch jkbfcwkc xvf co wf yfjvgf ftdhvwzk}hbfczf h lh zfbpoyhl1 lhkcjk}kjvhl"pfywochl jf low mklwomow# Pfyo poy jkwpfcwhilf hxv, co df xvfykjo gobplkghykbpfyzkcfczfbfczf goc fllh lh ftpowkgkc $9=+#

Fwzf dkwzoykgkwbo wf dh bhckmfwzhjo zhbikc, chzvyhlbfczf, fc lh jkjgzkgh { lhpfjhnonh fc nfcfyhl, { dh kcmlvkjo woiyf fllhw, { co woiyf lh wolh jkjgzkgh mklowmkgh# Lhpfywoch dvbhch wf moybh fc fl bfjko jf lh gvlzvyh fc xvf wf fcgvfczyh hl chgfy { gocxvf }h fcgoczycjowf fc fl gvywo jf wv }kjh, { fwzf pyogfwo jf wv moybhgkc gocwkwzfkckgkhl, iwkghbfczf, fc vch pyfjobkchczf kcgoypoyhgkc jf lh gvlzvyh fc wv hvzfczkgkjhjpoy fl mocjo chzk}o jfl kcjk}kjvo { vch kcgoypoyhgkc jf wzf, jfl kcjk}kjvo, h lh gvlzvyh,{ gocwkwzf fc vch kcgfwhczf gocmoybhgkc bvzvh jf low kcjk}kjvow { pfywochwgoc}k}kfczfw fc lh gvlzvyh jf xvf woc low wvafzow wvwzhczk}ow# Fwzh moybhgkc {gocmoybhgkc, mvcgkc gocwzkzvzk}h jf lo dvbhco fc nfcfyhl, gobo wf }f, fw lh fjvghgkcfc fl wfczkjo bw lhzo jfl zybkco, { lh fjvghgkc fc wfczkjo fwzykgzo { lh fcwfhcqh wocfwpfgkmkghgkocfw zgckghw { pyomfwkochlfw jf fllhw $9>+# Fc lh pyfftkwzfcgkh jf lhgolfgzk}kjhjdvbhch, jf lh Dvbhckjhj, co h low kcjk}kjvow dvbhcow fc nfcfyhl, pvfwxvf kcjk}kjvow dvbhcow { golfgzk}kjhj dvbhch woc U87R zybkcow yknvyowhbfczfgoyyflhzk}ow $94+, wkco h ghjh kcjk}kjvo dvbhco hgzvhl fc wkcnvlhy, { fc lh pyfftkwzfcgkh jfvch jfzfybkchjh moybhgkc jf lh pfywoch h lhw phyzfw jf lh gvlzvyh wvgfwk}hbfczffcgoczyhjhw poy fllh fc gvhczo zhlfw, gocwkwzf, fc vco jf wvw pvczow o bojow, lhdkwzoykgkjhj jf lh chzvyhlfqh dvbhch, jf lh dvbhckjhj, lo xvf dhgf phzfczf lhgocftkc jf lo pfjhnnkgo { lo dkwzykgo fc lhw bkwbhw yhgfw fwfcgkhlfw jf lo dvbhco#Poyxvf, pvfw, hw fw dkwzykgo lo dvbhco, { zhbikc lo co dvbhco poy wv goyyflhgkc goclo dvbhco, xvf lo dvbhckqh o dhgf fc jfmkckzk}h dvbhco knvhlbfczf5 poyxvf hw wocdkwzykgow, fc wvbh, low wvafzow, lhw gkygvcwzhcgkhw, low goczfckjow { lhw moybhw jf lh

gvlzvyh, o wfh, zojow low wvafzow { oiafzow, bfjkow { mkcfw jf lh fjvghgkc, { fc phyzkgvlhyzojhw lhw bhzfykhw jf lh fcwfhcqh5 poy fwzo poy wv pyopkh chzvyhlfqh fw, {gocwfgvfczfbfczf fc fl mocjo jf wv yfhlkjhj dh wkjo wkfbpyf, dkwzykgh zojhkcgoypoyhgkc jf lh gvlzvyh fc wv hvzfczkgkjhj, gobo wf gocgfjfy mgklbfczf, { zojhfjvghgkc { fcwfhcqh, gobo wf ftpfykbfczhy hlnvch woypyfwh fc zfcfy xvf gocgfjfy, {,fc cvfwzyow jhw dkwzoykgkwzhw o gocwgkfczfw jf lh dkwzoykgkjhj jf lo dvbhco, dh }fckjogyfgkfczfbfczf bhckmfwzcjowf zhbikc gobo zhl, o fc phyzkgvlhy gobo vch fcwfhcqhgv{o ynhco fw lh dkwzoykh, wfnc pyvfihc dfgdow fc cbfyo jf wknckmkghgkc kyyfgvwhilf#Lo dvbhco fw wv dkwzoykh "lh dkwzoykh jf lh yflknkc, jf lh lkzfyhzvyh, jf lh gkfcgkh# Lhfcwfhcqh jf lo dvbhco co pojy wfy wkco lh fcwfhcqh jf fwzh wv dkwzoykh, jf fwzhwdkwzoykhw# Pfyo fl ynhco jf fwzh fcwfhcqh, gobo {h jf lh gocgfpgkc dkwzoykgkwzh, fw lh

Dkwzoykh, lh jkwgkplkch xvf zkfcf poy oiafzo lh dkwzoykh jf lo dvbhco, lh yfhlkjhjdkwzykgh jf lo dvbhco "poyxvf lo dvbhco fw wv dkwzoykh U8:R wlo phyh xvkfc whif jf fwzhdkwzoykh, fw jfgky, whif jf fllo goc fl whify xvf zobh gvfypo fc lh Dkwzoykh, { lh fcwfhcqhdkwzykgh jf lo dvbhco co fw bw xvf lh zyhwbkwkc jkjgzkgh jf fwzf whify# Fczyf low jf lhkcglvwkc jf fcwfhcqhw dkwzykghw dhwzh fc lh fcwfhcqh jf lhw gkfcgkhw chzvyhlfw {bhzfbzkghw { jfl hvnf jf lh fcwfhcqh jf lhw jkwgkplkchw dkwzykghw jf lh gvlzvyh dvbhch"Dkwzoykh lkzfyhykh, jfl hyzf, jf lhw yflknkocfw, fzg#", fl jf lh mklowomh co fw bw xvf vc ghwo

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

9/186

phyzkgvlhy, ikfc xvf fl pyffbkcfczf, poy lh kczfy}fcgkc jf lh mklowomh fc fl dkwzoykgkwbogoczfbpoycfo, {h bfcgkochjh#

Hdoyh ikfc, zojh Dkwzoykh zkfcf vch oynhckqhgkc, gocwkwzf fc mvcgkocfw jfzfybkchjhw,hl bfcow fc phyzf, ikfc xvf phyzf mvcjhbfczhl, poy lh chzvyhlfqh jf wv oiafzo, gobo h lhkc}fywh, { wfnc }hbow h }fy, fwzf wv oiafzo fw jfzfybkchjo zhbikc phygkhlbfczf poyfllh1 dkwzoykh f Dkwzoykh wf kcmlv{f jf bhcfyh yfgpyogh# H zojo lo gvhl co pvfjf bfcow jfhavwzhywf lh fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh# Jf zojo lo gvhl, pvfw, df bfcfwzfy jfgky hxv hlno,hvcxvf fc yfmfyfcgkh ftglvwk}h {h h lh mklowomh, wv Dkwzoykh { wv fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh, lockgo xvf kczfyfwh hxv pyopkhbfczf#

Lh Dkwzoykh gocwkwzf fc vch pykbhykh mvcgkc chyyhzk}h jf low dfgdow fc lh xvf fwzcwkzh lh jf jfzfybkchgkc { dhwzh gocwzkzvgkc jf low dfgdow bkwbow# Lh mklowomh wfpyfwfczh hczf zojo gobo vch yfhlkjhj dkwzykgh zftzvhl1 lhw oiyhw lkzfyhykhw jf lowmklwomow# Fwzh yfhlkjhj zftzvhl fw, bfyhbfczf lh ftpyfwkc jf vch yfhlkjhj kjfhl1 lhwpyopowkgkocfw wknckmkghjhw poy lhw ftpyfwkocfw jfl zftzo, low mklowomfbhw, xvf gkmyhjow poyfl hvzoy fc wvw ftpyfwkocfw, woc gocavyhjow poy wzhw fc lh bfczf jf low lfgzoyfw5 pfyo, fw

hl bkwbo zkfbpo lh yflkxvkh bhzfykhl hvzczkgh jf wv U86R yfhlkjhj phwhjh fc lh cvfwzyhpyfwfczf, ckgh ghphq jf gocavyhy fc wzh zhbikc lh phyzf bw pyopkh, lh kjfhl, jf wvyfhlkjhj czfnyh# H lhw oiyhw lkzfyhykhw jf low mklwomow, h low zftzow fc pykbfy zybkco,zkfcfc xvf hgvjky, pvfw, poy lo pyoczo lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh, pfyo zhbikc lhfcwfhcqh dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh, phyh whify jf wzh jkyfgzhbfczf fc wv hvzfczkgkjhjplfch { yknvyowh, co wkbplfbfczf h zyh}w jf zyhwvczow bw o bfcow gfyghcow { mkflfw,gobo woc zojhw lhw cozkgkhw woiyf fllh, zojhw lhw yfmfyfcgkhw h fllh, zojhw lhw ftpowkgkocfwjf fllh# Lh lfgzvyh f kczflknfcgkh jf low zftzow bkwbow jf low mklwomow fw fl ckgo bzojoxvf pvfjf, co {h kckgkhy fc fl mklowomhy, fafygkzhy fc l, hjkfwzyhy, moybhy fc lh mklowomh,wkco wkbplfbfczf jhy kjfh }fyjhjfyh jf wzh# Mfgvcjkjhj jf fwzf bzojo xvf lf jh lhpykbhgh jkjgzkgh woiyf zojow low jfbw, bozk}o jf wv ionh {h fc ozyhw fjhjfw {gyfgkfczf fc lh hgzvhlkjhj# Poy oiyh wv{h, lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh { lh fcwfhcqhdkwzykgh jf lh Mklowomh hwvbfc vch chzvyhlfqh iwkghbfczf mklolnkgh# Fl pyoilfbhmklowmkgo jf fwzh mklolonh fl pyoilfbh jf lh kjfczkjhj fczyf lo pfcwhjo poy fl hvzoy { poyfl lfgzoy, o jf lh gobpyfcwkc jfl pfcwhbkfczo jfl hvzoy poy fl lfgzoy, co pvfjf wfy hxvwkco hmfgzhjo kcjkyfgzhbfczf poy lhw gocwkjfyhgkocfw xvf wknvfc#

Fc czkbh vckc goc wv mvcgkc jf chyyhy low dfgdow, zkfcf lh Dkwzoykh lh jf ftplkghylowo dhgfylow gobpyfcwkilfw fc hlnc wfczkjo# Hdoyh ikfc, ftplkghgkc { gobpyfcwkcgocwkwzfc o mvcjhc fc lhw yflhgkocfw fczyf low oiafzow, fczfcjkjhw gobo ghvwhgkc jf vcowpoy ozyow o gobo jfpfcjfcgkh yfgpyogh jf lhw fwzyvgzvyhw jf vcow { ozyow, dhwzh lhzozhlkjhj kcmyhcxvfhilf "bfzh kjfhl" jf fllow# Poy gocwknvkfczf, lh Dkwzoykh co pvfjf llf}hy

h ghio fwzh wv ozyh mvcgkc wkco poy bfjko jf lh yfgvyyfcgkh jf vcow dfgdow h ozyow# Pfyofwzh yfgvyyfcgkh dh wkjo { pvfjf wfy fczfcjkjh { pyhgzkghjh fc lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh,{ fc lh fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh, jf }hykhw bhcfyhw ghyjkchlbfczf U8=R jkwzkczhw1co mklowmkgh { mklowmkgh, xvf wf gyvqhc, gobo lh lcfh Coyzf"Wvy goc lh Ofwzf"Fwzf, goclh jotonymkgh { lh vck}fywhl#

Fw zyhjkgkochl gocwkjfyhy lhw pyopowkgkocfw, fc nfcfyhl lhw yfhlkjhjfw kjfhlfw, { fczyffllhw, chzvyhlbfczf, { hghwo fwpfgkhlbfczf, low mklowomfbhw, fc fllhw bkwbhw, wolhw,

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

10/186

hkwlhjhw, o goc hiwzyhggkc jf zojh ozyh yfhlkjhj, fc phyzkgvlhy jf zojo wvafzo pfcwhczf,goc phyzkgkphgkc bw o bfcow gyfhjoyh { hgzk}h, jf fllhw1 low mklwomow, fl pilkgo### Fcfl mocjo jf fwzh bhcfyh jf gocwkjfyhylhw dh{ lh wvpowkgkc jf vch kjfczkjhj jf fllhw, poywv pyopkh chzvyhlfqh, zhl xvf co pvfjf wfy hmfgzhjh poy jk}fywkjhj ckcnvch jf wvafzow# Hfwzh bhcfyh jf gocwkjfyhy low mklowomfbhw dh yfwpocjkjo lh jf fwgykiky lh Dkwzoykh jf lh

Mklowomh, { jf fcwfhy dkwzykghbfczf lh mklowomh, jfwjf Dfnfl dhwzh cvfwzyow jhw "phyhyfmfykybf wlo h low zkfbpow bojfycow, pyfwgkcjkfcjo jf lh dkwzoykonyhmh mklowmkgh jf lhHczknfjhj, pykcgkphlbfczf jf lh jf Hykwzzflfw { wv fwgvflh kcbfjkhzh# Dhwzh Dfnfl, fcfmfgzo, lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh hpfchw fyh Dkwzoykh gobo ncfyo lkzfyhyko, wkco ozyoncfyo, ikonymkgo, hcfgjzkgo, jkjgzkgo, pfyo bvgdo bfcow gobo gkfcgkh, { jfwjflvfno co fyh Dkwzoykh mklowmkgh jf lh mklowomh, co fyh mklowomh# Goc lh ftgfpgkc jfhxvfllh dkwzoykonyhmh hykwzozlkgh, hghwo jf lh hnvwzkckhch { bf phyfgf xvf jf ckcnvchbw, o co dhih wkco chyyhgkc wflfgzk}h jf low dfgdow dkwzykgo"mklowmkgow "}kjhw,jogzykchw { wfczfcgkhw jf low mklwomow klvwzyfw, phyh yfgoyjhy wlo fl zzvlo mkflbfczfwknckmkghzk}o jfl goczfckjo jf lh oiyh zpkgh { bw mhbowh", o gobpyfcwkc { ftplkghgkcjf low dfgdow co fyhc mklowmkghw# Pfyo Dfnfl gyf jfmkckzk}hbfczf lh Dkwzoykh mklowmkgh

jf lh mklowomh, lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh xvf fw vch phyzf jfl wkwzfbh jf lh mklowomh {, fcgvhczo zhl, mklowomh fllh bkwbh U8>R "mklowomh jf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh, mklowomh jf lhmklowomh# Dfnfl pkfcwh xvf lhw mklowomhw dhc }fckjo wvgfjkcjowf dkwzykghbfczf fc vcoyjfc kbpfyhjo poy lhw yflhgkocfw kjfhlfw fczyf low mklowomfbhw, gobo bhckmfwzhgkcwkcnvlhybfczf yflf}hczf jf lhw yflhgkocfw kjfhlfw fczyf low kcnyfjkfczfw jf lh Kjfhhiwolvzh# Goc hyyfnlo h fwzh bhcfyh jf pfcwhy, dhgf vch Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomhjotonymkgh, fwzo fw, }fywhczf woiyf lhw opkckocfw jf low mklwomow, woiyf lowmklowomfbhw, chyyhzk}h jf lh wvgfwkc jf wzow gobo fbfynfczfw low vcow jf low ozyow poylh mvfyqh jf hxvfllhw wvw yflhgkocfw "pvyh { wkbplfbfczf# Fwzh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomhmoybh phyzf jfl wkwzfbh gobo fc nfcfyhl lhw bhckmfwzhgkocfw jfl Fwpykzv woc jfczyo jflwkwzfbh oiafzo jf jkwgkplkchw xvf lhw zyhzhc dkwzykghbfczf, gocmoybf h lh dkwzoykgkjhj

gocwvwzhczk}h h lh chzvyhlfqh kczycwfghbfczf f}olvzk}h, hvzoyfhlkqhjoyh, jfl Fwpykzv { jflh Kjfh hiwolvzh "hw, lhMklowomh jf lh Dkwzoykh, lhFwzzkgh, lhMklowomh jf lh Yflknkc# [fwzh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh fw zhc mklowomh jf lh mklowomh gobo lh Mklowomh jf lhDkwzoykh, lh Fwzzkgh { lh Mklowomh jf lh Yflknkc woc mklowomh jfl Fwzhjo { jf lh dkwzoykh,mklowomh jfl hyzf { mklowomh jf lh yflknkc, yfwpfgzk}hbfczf# Gobo fwzhw Mklowomhw jfwvw oiafzow yfwpfgzk}ow kbplkghc vch Dkwzoykh jf fllow, lh Dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh jhlh mklowomh jf lh mklowomh bkwbh1 lh mklowomh, bhckmfwzhgkc { yfhlkqhgkc dkwzykghwvpyfbh jfl Fwpykzv "vch jogzykch hgfygh jf lh chzvyhlfqh jf lh mklowomh# Fc fwzhw phyzfwjfl wkwzfbh dfnflkhco wf hchc mklowomh f Dkwzoykh "lh mklowomh wf yfhlkqh gobo Dkwzoykh,lh Dkwzoykh fw mklowmkgh" poy bojo fbkcfczf jfczyo jfl wkwzfbh jf lh dkwzoykgkjhj jf lokjfhl fc w { poy w, { poy bojo fafbplhy phyh zojh mklowomh xvf zfcnh oaow phyh lhw

yfhlkjhjfw dkwzykghw "phyh zojh mklowomh vlzfykoy }khilf#Lh gocwfgvfcgkh jf lh nfwzh dfnflkhch co pojh bfcow U84R jf wfy fl kbpfyko jf lh

Dkwzoykh jotonymkgh jf lh mklowomh dhwzh fl bkwbo jh jf do{# Wk co lh zozhlkjhj, lhbh{oy phyzf jf lhw oiyhw jf Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh, kcglvwo lhw bw kbpoyzhczfw, kcglvwohlnvchw jf vc pyonyhbh ftpyfwo jkwzkczo "wk co goc ftglvwk}kjhj hiwolvzh, fcpyopoygkocfw myhcghbfczf pyfpocjfyhczfw, chyyhc lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh ftpockfcjolhw mklowomhw gobo gvfypow jf mklowomfbhw, low llhbhjow wkwzfbhw mklowmkgow,

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

11/186

gocghzfchjow fczyf w, pfyo fc fwzh wv gocghzfchgkc hiwzyhgzow jf zojh ghycf dvbhch#Lhw cozkgkhw ikonymkghw hgfygh jf low mklwomow, gkfyzhbfczf dhikzvhlfw, gocwzkzv{fcbvgdo bw bfyhw gooyjfchjhw jf loghlkqhgkc zfbpoyhl, { yfmfyfcgkhw jf jkwzkcgkcbvzvh f kjfczkmkghgkc gocwkno bkwbow jf low wkwzfbhw fc wv kcjk}kjvhlkjhj, xvfgoyyflhzow ghvwhlfw, o wkxvkfyh mvcgkochlfw, fwzo fw, fc hlnvch bhcfyh ftplkghzk}ow jf low

mklowomfbhw o goczykivzk}ow h dhgfylow gobpyfcwkilfw# Fc lh Dkwzoykh jotonymkgh jf lhmklowomh lh mvcgkc jf ftplkghy { dhgfy gobpyfcjfy wf dhllh yfjvgkjh h lhw yfmfyfcgkhwfczyf low mklowomfbhw fwgvfzow# Jhjow zhlfw jfzfybkchjow, zhlfw ozyow { fllow wolow wocpowkilfw, zhlfw ozyow dhc wkjo yfhlfw# Jhjo fl jvhlkwbo ghyzfwkhco jf lh ftzfcwkc { flpfcwhbkfczo, ghihc fl bhzfykhlkwbo jf vc Doiifw, fl opvfwzo fwpkykzvhlkwbo jf vcIfyeflf{ { vc Lfkickq "kczfypyfzhjo wzf fc fwzf wfczkjo" lhw powkgkocfw kczfybfjkhw jfloghwkochlkwbo { jfl phyhlflkwbo bockwzh jf Wpkcoqh### [ hxvfllhw cozkgkhw ikonymkghw woclhw ckghw dhikzvhlfw# Bvgdo bfcow wf fcgvfczyhc zojow low jfbw goyyflhzow gvlzvyhlfw,wogkhlfw, dkwzykgow { dvbhcow fc nfcfyhl1 lh gobphyhgkc goc low ozyow ncfyowlkzfyhykow, co wf jknh goc lhw ozyhw moybhw jfl hyzf, jfl hyzf plwzkgo5 lh hzfcgkc h lh}kjh bhzfykhl, fgocbkgh, wogkhl, polzkgh, pvfw, poy fafbplo, lhw moybhw jf }kjh {

goc}k}fcgkh jf low mklwomow fwzc fc yflhgkc, poy vch phyzf, goc fl mklowomhy bkwbo, poyozyh, U8;R goc lhw moybhw jf }kjh { goc}k}fcgkh jf low pyakbow bfcow mklowmkgow, pvczodhwzh jocjf zkfcf yhqc fl bhzfykhlkwbo dkwzykgo "pfyo lhwogkolonh jfl whifyfw lhkc}fcgkc yfgkfczf ikfc gocogkjh $9;+# Phyh fcgoczyhy fwzow ozyow goyyflhzow, fw bfcfwzfyhgvjky h lhw boconyhmhw, h lo wvbo zyoqow jf Dkwzoykh, cvcgh lh Dkwzoykh# Fllo fw hw dhwzhfc vc Ckfzqwgdf#Lh mklowomh fc lh fjhj zynkgh jf low nykfnow fw pvyhbfczf jotonymkgh#Vc kcgkjfczf gobo lh yflhgkc fczyf Dfyglkzo { fl hnockwbo, vc mkchl gobo lh yflhgkcfczyf Pfykglfw { fl covw hchthnykgo, hvc wkfcjo zhc wvnfwzk}o fl vco, zhc jfgkwk}o fl ozyo,co pvfjfc hgfpzhywfpoy gvbplkbkfczo whzkwmhgzoyko jf lhw pyobfwhw jfl pylono { pykbfyphy jf ghpzvlow# Lo xvf Ckfzqwgdf }ko bw { bfaoy {h pogo jfwpvw, wf xvfj fc lhwcozhw jf Gkfcgkh { Whikjvyh fc lvgdh "jfmkckzk}hbfczf wvnfwzk}hw, fwzo w# Fllo fw, co

gobo xvfjh jkgdo, wkco wkc lhw yfwzykggkocfw kcwkcvhjhw hl pykcgkpko jf fwzf hphyzf, fc lhwoiyhw jf Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh jfl ncfyo jkjgzkgo#

Lh bhckmfwzhgkc ftzyfbh jf fwzh Dkwzoykh jotonymkgh jf lh Mklowomh fw fwzh fc xvf wfkcjfpfcjkqhc low mklowomfbhw jf zojh yfhlkjhj jkwzkczh { gkygvcjhczf, dhwzh fl pvczo jfdhgfylow kcjfpfcjkfczfw jf lh hyzkgvlhgkc xvf fc wvw wkwzfbhw lfw jhc low mklwomow# Flghwo zpkgo goczfbpoycfo fw ^kcjflihcj $70+# Fl zybkco gocwfgvfczf jf fwzf ghbkco fwlh cfnhgkc jf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh# Fl oyjfc dkwzykgo jf low mklowomfbhw,kcjkmfyfczf# Zojow fllow, gocwzkzvzk}ow jf vc yfkco gv{o oyjfc, jf zfcfy hlnvco, co pvfjfwfy wkco jf ozyh cjolf1 kjfhl, jogzykchl, jkhlgzkgo### Mknvyhjhbfczf1 lh mklowomh, vcjklono fczyf zojow low mklwomow, knvhlbfczf gofzfycow# Fw cozhilf xvf dhgkh fwzf U90R

zybkco fbpvah zhbikc lh kjfh dkwzoykgkwzh jf lh knvhl }fyjhj jf zojhw lhw mklowomhw### Fczojo ghwo, wf zyhzh jf vch gocgfpgkc jf lh mklowomh lhzfczf fc fl mocjo jfl pfcwhbkfczojf dkwzoykhjoyfw jf lh mklowomh { mklwomow, kcglvwo xvf dh hpvczhjo ftpyfwhbfczf hg {hll#

Pfyo h lh lvq jf lh mklowomh hgzvhl wf }f wkfcjo lh mklowomh { jfikfcjo wfy lh Dkwzoykhjf lh Mklowomh { lh fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh bv{ jkmfyfczfw#

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

12/186

Low mklowomfbhw woc, wk co low pyojvgzow, gvhcjo bfcow low goyyflhzow jf lh hgzk}kjhjjfl mklowomhy# Hgzk}kjhj kcmoybhczf jf lh }kjh zojh, lh }kjh zfoyzkgh o goczfbplhzk}h,hgzk}kjhj { }kjh ghyhgzfywzkghw jf lh pfywochlkjhj jf vcow dvbhcow, low mklwomow, xvfzyhjkgkochlbfczf wf dhc gocwkjfyhjo h w bkwbow { dhc wkjo gocwkjfyhjow poy low jfbwgobo bv{ jkmfyfczfw jf fwzow jfbw# Hgzk}kjhj { }kjh ghyhgzfywzkghw jf lh pfywochlkjhj

jf fwzow dvbhcow fc gvhczo jfzfybkchjhw pyfgkwhbfczf poy fwzh pfywochlkjhj# Hgzk}kjhjfafygkjh { }kjh }k}kjh fc moybhw jf goc}k}fcgkh { goc moybhw jf ftpyfwkcwvk nfcfykw,gobolhw moybhw jf ftpyfwkc xvf wf fcgvfczyhc fc low zftzow jf xvf phyzkfyoc lhwpyfwfczfw gocwkjfyhgkocfw, pfyo vchw { ozyhw moybhw fc yflhgkocfw goc lhw moybhw jf }kjh{ jf ftpyfwkc jf lh gvlzvyh fc zoyco# Pfywochlkjhj hgzvhjh poy lhw wkzvhgkocfw {bo}kbkfczow jf fwzh gvlzvyh### Zftzow { mklowomfbhw hiwzyhgzow jf zojh fwzh hgzk}kjhj {}kjh pfywochl f dkwzykgh woc fthgzhbfczf fwzo1 yfhlkjhjfw hiwzyhgzhw5 fc gvhczo zhlfw,yflhzk}hbfczf kyyfhlfw# [ yflhzk}hbfczf wkc wfczkjo "o wkc ftplkghgkc5 yflhzk}hbfczfkcgobpyfcwkilfw# Lh yfjhggkc, { pvilkghgkc jf low zftzow ftpyfwk}ow jf pfcwhbkfczowmvfyoc hgzow jf }kjhw phyzgkpfw fc lh }kjh golfgzk}h goczfbpoycfh "hvc fl yfzkyo h lhwolfjhj fw vch moybh jf goc}k}fcgkh1 fl fyfbkzh goc}k}f fc lh kbhnkchgkc { fc fl zfboy,

lh h}fywkc o fl ojko, goc hxvfllow jf U98R xvkfcfw xvkfyf }k}ky hphyzf# Plfco wfczkjo jh hhgzow zhlfw lo bkwbo wolo xvf h zojo hgzo1 lhw }kjhw g{ow woc, lh goc}k}fcgkh g{hw wocfwzhw }kjhw# Poyxvf plfch yfhlkjhj lh zkfcf lo hiwzyhgzo wlo gocgyfzo goc fl yfwzo jf lhyfhlkjhj fc lh zozhlkjhj co bvzklhjh jf wzh# Lh pykbfyh gocwfgvfcgkh fw xvf lh Dkwzoykhjf lh Mklowomh "{ gobo fllh lh fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh" co jfif dhgfy obkwkc}kolfczh jf lh vckjhj oynckgh jf low wkwzfbhw, ftpyfwh fc lh jf lhw oiyhw lkzfyhykhw xvf lowftpocfc, vch { ozyh gobo fmfgzo, fc bojo hlnvco kcfwfcgkhl, jf lh oynhckqhgkc pfywochl{ golfgzk}h gyfhjoyh jf oiyhw { wkwzfbhw, low hvzoyfw { wv bfjko dkwzykgo# ^kcjflihcjpyogfjf fc opowkgkc h wv yfgocogkbkfczo kckgkhl jf low xvf llhbh mhgzoyfw dkwzykgo"gvlzvyhl f kcjk}kjvhl jf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh $78+# Pfyo bvgdo bw kbpoyzhczf fw fwzhozyh gocwfgvfcgkh1 lh ftplkghgkc dkwzykgh jf lh mklowomh cfgfwkzh yfihwhy fl gvywo

hiwzyhgzo jf low mklowomfbhw phyh ftzfcjfywf dhwzh lh zozhlkjhj jf lh dkwzoykh# Poyxvf poyfwzh }h co pvfjf fwxvk}hywf fl hyykihy h fwzh gocglvwkc1 Dkwzoykh co dh{ bw xvf lhvck}fywhl5 lhw Dkwzoykhw, jf lh lkzfyhzvyh o jfl hyzf, jf lh yflknkc, o jf lh gkfcgkh, o jf lhmklowomh, o jf lh polzkgh "kcglvwo jf lh polzkgh" co pvfjfc wfy wkco lh Dkwzoykh vck}fywhlgoc lh lkzfyhzvyh, fl hyzf, fzg#, lh mklowomh, lh polzkgh, fc pykbfy zybkco o pykbfy plhco, {fc low ozyow plhcow o zybkcow zojo lo jfbw jf lh gvlzvyh, ftplkghcjo hw dhwzh lhpolzkgh poy zojo lo jfbw, kcglvwo lh mklowomh, pfyo zhbikc lh mklowomh poy zojo lojfbw, wkc ftglvky "{ goc yhqc(" lh polzkgh#

Pocnhbow vc fafbplo# Low oynfcfw jf lh mklowomh# Df hxv xvf fc zoyco hl =00 hczfwjf Gykwzo { fc Aockh hphyfgf U99R poy pykbfyh }fq fc lh }kjh jf lh Dvbhckjhj fwzh gowh

fcoybf xvf pogo jfwpvw }h h xvfjhy jfwknchjh phyh wkfbpyf goc fl cobiyf jf mklowomh#Xv jkgfc lhw dhikzvhlfw Dkwzoykhw jf lh Mklowomh, phyzkgvlhybfczf lhw jkjgzkghw, yfpkzo,jf zhl phyzo? Jkgfc fl mklowomfbh"}hnkjo "zojhw lhw gowhw woc hnvh" goc xvf lh mklowomhwhlk h lh lvq, jfl wfco jfl bkzo, zobhjo wzf gobo vch fwpfgkf jf pyfmklowomfbh### Chjhjkgfc jf lhw wfhlfw pyf}khw, low joloyfw kcdfyfczfw, low aiklow { oynvllow kcbfjkhzow hlphyzo bkwbo, fwzo fw, jf zojo lo wknvkfczf# Fl moybvlhjoy "xvf wfyh pogo bw xvfhggkjfczhl, xvf ghwvhl, goc hyyfnlo yknvyowo h lh dhikzvhl Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh", flmoybvlhjoy jfl mklowomfbh fw vco jf low wkfzf whikow# Fwzo jf low wkfzf whikow fw vch

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

13/186

lf{fcjh jf moybhgkc powzfykoy h lh pogh fc xvf fllh bkwbh wkzh h low wkfzf "hvcxvf cobv{ powzfykoy, pvfw fwzhih moybhjh fc zkfbpow jfl dkwzoykhjoy jf lh fjhj# Pfyo lh lf{fcjhco jfah moyqowhbfczf jf zfcfy }hloy dkwzykgo1 hvc fc fl ghwo ftzyfbo jf ghyfgfy jf zojh}fyjhj dkwzykgh fc yflhgkc goc low dfgdow lfnfcjhykow, bv{ ikfc pvfjf wfy mfdhgkfczfjogvbfczo dkwzykgo jf lo xvf pfcwhihc o wf kbhnkchihc jf vc phwhjo wvw moyahjoyfw# Lh

lf{fcjh jf low wkfzf whikow fw lh yfpyfwfczhgkc xvf nfcfyhgkocfw kcbfjkhzhw wf dkgkfyocjf dfgdow { yhwnow zhc kbpoyzhczfw { ghyhgzfywzkgow gobo hvzczkgow jf wv pytkbophwhjo# Pfyo jf fwzf pytkbo phwhjo xvfjh hlno bw xvf lh lf{fcjh yfmfyfczf h vch,hvcxvf fbkcfczf, bfyh phyzf jf l1 xvfjh fl nyhc mykwo dkwzykgo jf Dfyojozo# [ fwzf mykwocow pocf jf yflkf}f vch fjhj jf fcnyhcjfgkbkfczow { jfglkchgkocfw jf gkvjhjfw xvfgvlbkch fc lh nknhczobhxvkh jfl kbpfyko pfywh { fl bvcjo nykfno# Ghjh vco jf fwzow jownknhczfwgow hczhnockwzhw fw mknvyhjo fc fl mykwo moybcjowf h lo lhyno jfl zkfbpo fcgyfgkfczf gocgkfcgkh { vckjhj# Phyh hzfcfycow hl xvf phyzkgvlhybfczf cow kczfyfwh U97Rhxv { hdoyh, h Nyfgkh, wvw gkvjhjfw"fwzhjow hzyh}kfwhc h lo lhyno jf lh fjhj fl zyh{fgzoxvf lhw llf}h fc nfcfyhl jf lh ihwklfkh, jf lh yfhlfqh, phwhcjo poy lh zkyhch, wfgvlhykqhgkcpfywochlkwzh jf lh yfhlfqh, h lh jfbogyhgkh, wvwzkzvgkc zfykgh jfl pojfy pfywochl poy lh

pozfcgkh kbpfywochl jfl cobow, jf lh lf{, { h lh jfbhnonkh, wvwzkzvgkc fmfgzk}h jfl pojfypfywochlpoy fl pojfy jf lhphlhiyh dikl jfl oyhjoy fc fl gocwfao o lh hwhbilfh, {zhbikc poy fl pojfy jf lh dhiklkjhjphyh lh kczyknh jfl hnkzhjoy fc pilkgo { fc pyk}hjo#Fl mocjo jf fwzh zyh{fgzoykh fw chjh bfcow xvf vch zyhcwmoybhgkc jfl wfczkjo jfl bvcjo{ jf lh }kjh, bw hc, jf lh wfcwkiklkjhj iwkgh phyh vco { ozyh, jf xvf lhw pyvfihw {wfhlfw phyzkgvlhyfw fbfynfc hxv { hll h lh wvpfymkgkf jf lh oiyh jfl dkwzoykhjoy, pfyoxvf, poy fcgkbh jf zojo phyzkgvlhy wczobh { mvcjhbfczo, gocwzkzv{fc wv fwpkykzvhlhzbwmfyh# Gobo lh jf lh lkzfyhzvyh fc nfcfyhl jf lh fjhj# Poyxvf wzh fw hwkbkwbo lh jflh lykgh "{ lh jfl chgkbkfczo jf lh Dkwzoykh# Fc fllh phwh lh pofwh jf lh hyghkghoiafzk}kjhj btkbhbfczf kbpfywochl jf lh fpopf{h, co wkc fl hczfgfjfczf kczfybfjkhyko,hvcxvf lfahco, jf lh pofwh jkjgzkgo"hvzoikonymkgh jf low Zyhihaow { Jhw, h lh

wviafzk}kjhj bw xvf pfywochl, pfywochlkwzh, jf lh lykgh# Fl hczfgfjfczf jf vc Hyxvlogo,fl gocgobkzhczf jf vc Hlgfo, low gocwknvkfczfw jf vc Zfonckw { vc Hchgyfoczf, zkfcfc vcgfczyo jf plfckzvj fc Whmo# Low myhnbfczow jf lh pofzkwh jf lhw pofzkwhw fwzc do{ hczybvlow jf ftpyfwhy low avfnow pvfyklfw { noqowow { low yfpowow lcnvkjow { hyjkfczfw,low hboyfw { low gflow, lh }kjh zojh ftzfych f czkbh, jf lh pfxvfh bhfwzyh boyfch { jfwvw gobphfyhw jf cobiyfw fvmckgow { llfcow jf nyhgkh# Lh Dkwzoykh jfglhyh chgfy jfvch nyh}f }olvczhj jf yfbfboyhgkc { gocbfboyhgkc jf lo bfboyhilf, xvf hghwomvfyh kcgobphzkilf goc zojo jfwfbioghy fc vch oiyh U9:R fc fwzklo jf pykbfyh pfywoch {ghygzfy wviafzk}o "{ wkc fbihyno fw vc dfgdo xvf Dfyojozo gkygvlh l bkwbo poy zojh wvoiyh, wf dhgf pyfwfczf l bkwbo gocwzhczfbfczf fc fllh# Poyxvf fllh fw lh ftpowkgkc jfwvw h}fyknvhgkocfw { wzhw woc fl yfwvlzhjo jf wvw }khafw# Fl dkwzoykhjoy phjyf jf lh

Dkwzoykh fw fl }khafyo, {h co jfl }khaf mhzhl, hqhyowo { mhivlowo, jf lh ojkwfh, hl phyoyknfc { gyfhgkc jf lh lf{fcjh { jfl pofbh, wkco nfckhl kc}fczoy { lkiyf pyozhnockwzh jfl}khaf dkwzykgo, pyfgkwhbfczf, fwzo fw, jfl xvf xvfjh lh Dkwzoykh fc lhw bfboykhw xvf jflow yfwvlzhjow jf wvw }khafw, zyhwphyfgkcjowf fwzow bkwbow, fl }khafyo yfjhgzh { pvilkgh, {hl xvf fw fbpvahjo poy fl hmc gvykowo { wkbpzkgo, pfywochl { fmvwk}o, { fc zojo flloplhgfczfyo, jf }fy gowhw bhyh}kllowhw { h}fyknvhy gowhw cozhilfw, jf fwzh hvzczkgh zfoyh,lh dkwzoykh, { jf hjbkyhy h low jfbw goc fl yflhzo jf fllhw, zhc hvzczkghbfczf hl bfcowgobo fbpvahjo pvfjh wfy poy lh nyh}f }olvczhj jf yf { gocbfboyhgkc jf lo

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

14/186

bfboyhilf# Dfyojozo fw, h ivfc wfnvyo, bvgdo bw xvf fl chyyhjoy jf dkwzoykfzhw hjvwvb jkwgfczkw5 pfyo wv nyhcjkowo { jkcbkgo mykwo jf lh fjhj fw lh oiyh jf hxvfl hmc,xvf co fwz moyqhjo h xvfjhywf jkwpfywo fc lhw pfxvfhw gvykowkjhjfw { hcgjozhw wvflzhw,wkco xvf fw ghphq jf flf}hywf dhwzh fl zdhvbh zozhl { vckzhyko jf vch fjhj dkwzykgh,wvpfylhzk}o poyzfczo { phwbo# Pvfw ikfc, fc fl kcnfczf zyhcgf dkwzykgo"polzkgo jf lh fjhj

cow pyfwfczh lh lf{fcjh h hxvfllow dobiyfw jf ivfc gocwfao { lfnkwlhjoyfw, wvw wkfzfwhikow, { gobo }fywkmkghjoyfw, gvhcjo co }fyjhjfyow pofzhw, { }khafyow# [ hlno bw xvflh lf{fcjh, lh ikonyhmh dkwzykgh { lh Dkwzoykh, wzh {h lh jfl dkwzoykhjoy jf lh fjhj, cowpyfwfczh hl xvf wfyh wkc yk}hl fl bw fnyfnko jf low wkfzf, wk fl hvnf jf lh mklowomhvlzfykoy co lf dvikfyh woiyfpvfwzo fl gocwkjfyhjo poy fllh gobo wv mvcjhjoy, cow pyfwfczhh Wolc jf Hzfchw gobo U96R xvkfc, vwhcjo jf lh flfnh phyh lh hpolonh jf wv oiyh { }kjhpolzkghw, dhgf fczyhy h wzhw fc lh pofwh, { gobo xvkfc }khah kbpvlwhjo jfl bkwbo hmcjf whify, jf lh bkwbhmklowomh, xvf fl dkwzoykhjoy xvf dhgf yfmfyfcgkh h fwzow }khafw {xvkq co ozyh gowh xvf hzykivky h fwzf }khafyo wvw pyopkow b}klfw, phyh l, fl dkwzoykhjoy,wlo phzfczfw fc wfbfahczf oiafzk}hgkc fc mknvyh hczfykoy "hzykivgkc { phzfcgkh mvcjhjhw{ gobpyfcwkilfw, wk low b}klfw, kc}fcgkc jf lh fjhj, zpkgow fc fllh# Mknvyhw lhw jf low

wkfzf, pvfw, fc cozoyko havwzf goc lh fwzyvgzvyh { fl bo}kbkfczo jf lh fjhj# Bhw df hxvxvf lh whikjvyh jf vco jf fllow, fl bklfwko Zhlfw, wf jkwzkcnvf, poy lh mwkgh, jf lhwhikjvyh polzkgh jf zojow# Fwzh mwkgh pyolmfyh hzfcgkc { hpflhgkc h lhpd{wkw, h lhchzvyhlfqh "jf lhw gowhw, fc wvw goczkcvhjoyfw, fw xvf co zfcjy xvf }fy goc lh hphykgkcjf lh pozfcgkh kbpfywochl jfl cobow, fc phyhjakgh pfyo gobpyfcwkilf goyyflhgkc goc fljfwfcghjfchbkfczo jf lh wviafzk}kjhj kcjk}kjvhl fc lh lykgh "{ fc lh jfbogyhgkh { lhjfbhnonkh? Zhczo bw gvhczo xvf fc lhw pykbfyhw yflkxvkhw yflhzk}hbfczf wvmkgkfczfw xvfjf fllh cow xvfjhc "}fh fl lfgzoy low myhnbfczow jf Dfyglkzo", fl mwkgo, l, pkfcwh {pyomkfyf lh yhqc wfnc lh gvhl wvgfjf zojo, h jkmfyfcgkh jf low jfbw, hlbhw jf iyihyowphyh fllh, h xvkfcfw gocbkch h hjdfykywf h fllh, fc vch wknckmkghzk}h gobphyhgkc joilf1jf fwzh hjdfwkc goc lh jf lh gkvjhj h lh lf{ { jf lh lf{ goc low bvyow jf lh gkvjhj "zfbh

wzf jf low bvyow xvf wf pvfjf wfnvky jfwjf low oynfcfw jf lh lykgh, h zyh}w jf fllh,dhwzh lh mklowomh, jfwjf wfy fl nvfyyfyo }hlkfczf fl bvyo jf wv gkvjhj dhwzh wfy fwzhbvyhllh lh pozfcgkh kbpfywochl jf lh lf{# Lh mklowomh chgf ihao fl bkwbo wknco jfwviafzk}kjhj xvf lykgh f Dkwzoykh, fc fl bkwbo bvcjo { fjhj, fc lh bkwbh go{vczvyhpolzkgh xvf hbihw# Fwzf oyzo jf lh mwkgh, U9=R co fc fl doykqoczf, wkco fc fl gfczyobkwbo jfl bvcjo jf lh polzkgh, jf lh lykgh { jf lh Dkwzoykh, fw lo xvf dh{ xvfgobpyfcjfy, lo xvf zkfcf xvf ftplkghy lh Dkwzoykh VCK]FYWHL jf lh mklowomh#

Pocnhbow ozyo fafbplo "pfyo co, co lo pocnhbow# Goczfczbocow goc kcjkghy xvfphyh gobpyfcjfy lh mklowomh nykfnh fc wv plfckzvj fc Plhzc { fc Hykwzzflfw, fwcfgfwhyko ftplkghylh hgvjkfcjo h Zvgjkjfw { h low oyhjoyfw gobo h lh lkzfyhzvyh zfhzyhl

{ h lhw oiyhw jf lhw hyzfw plwzkghw# Phyh gobpyfcjfy lh bkwbwkbh bfzhmwkgh hykwzozlkgh,co bfyhbfczf fl wknckmkghjo jf low zfoyfbhw hgfygh jf lh wvwzhcgkh, dhwzh low gvlbkchczfwhgfygh jf lh fzfych, kcb}kl { co wfcwkilf, wkco fl wfczkjo jfl ivwghy dobiyfw fwzhwopdh,joilfbfczf jk}kch, pykcgkphlwkbh, pyopkh jfl whiko jfl xvf co fwz ikfc xvf wfhbhcjhjo, wkco xvf bhcjf "fw bfcfwzfy llfnhy h lh wolvgkc hl pyoilfbh xvf wf plhczfhjfwjfzkgh, 8, 95 fw bfcfwzfy, co {h lhzkgh { lhPolzkgh jfl mklwomo, wkco dhwzh wvYfzykgh5 { zhbpogo bfyhbfczf phyh ftplkghy { gobpyfcjfy vcow zftzow jfl hvzoy poyozyow, hl bojo jf low gobfczhykow hvzczkgow f dkwzykgow zyhjkgkochlfw, wkco poyxvf

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

15/186

fw bfcfwzfy lh gocwkjfyhgkc jfl bvcjo bkwbo xvf fw oiafzo jf low zyhzhjowbfcgkochjow { oizkfcf ftpyfwkc fc fllow#

Ikfc fczfcjkjo wkfbpyf xvf co wf zyhzh jf lh bfyh gobpyfcwkc { ftplkghgkcdkwzykgh, wkco dkwzykgo"mklowmkgh jf lh mklowomh, {h xvf lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh jfifwfy wkfbpyf Dkwzoykh {mklowomh# Pfyo lh gobpyfcwkc { ftplkghgkc mklowmkgh bwpyomvcjh, lzkbh, xvf jf lh mklowomh pvfjf kczfczhywf { pyf}fywf, fw jfgky, xvf jf wbkwbh pvfjf kczfczhy { pyf}fy lh pyopkh mklowomh, lh jf wv wfy fc fl bikzo jfl wfy jf lh}kjh dvbhch, yfxvkfyf lh gocwkjfyhgkc jf low jfbw mfcbfcow, co mklowmkgow, jf fwzh}kjh# Hw, fl pyfwfczhywf lh mklowomh gobo hmc jf vc whify jf low U9>R pykcgkpkow jf lhwgowhw { jf }kjh xvf wf hyzkgvlh fc vc pfcwhy { vc dhilh pfgvlkhyfw, mvfyqh h gocwkjfyhy lowmfcbfcow nfcfyhlfw dvbhcow jfl hmc, fl whify, fl pykcgkpkhy, fl pfcwhy, fl dhilh, xvfmknvyhc fc low jobkckow jf lh polzkgh { lh yfzykgh, fczyf ozyow#

Dkwzoykhjoy, pyomfwoy, hpyfcjkq, hmkgkochjo, gvykowo, zkfcfc, pvfw, xvf hgvjky { yfgvyykyh lo xvf co fw lh mklowomh phyh dkwzoykhy, fcwfhy, hpyfcjfy, gvlzk}hy lh mklowomh, fczfyhywfjf lo xvf fw# wzf fw fl mvcjhbfczo jfl gocwfao hl }oghjo jf lh mklowomh1 pyhgzkghy ozyh

jkwgkplkch $79+5 xvf pvfjf fcwhcgdhywf h1 }k}ky hlno bw xvf lh mklowomh# Wk fl av}fckl {}kjo pykcgkpkhczf fw kcghphq jf plhgfyfw { jf phwkocfw, jf }kyzvjfw o jf }kgkow, wk wv }kjhfw hcojkch, wk co whif chjh jf lh }kjh xv jkhilow pojy, llfnhy h fczfcjfy jf lhmklowomh? H pfwhy jf zojh wv hiwzyhggkc jf lo jfbw, lh mklowomh co mvcgkoch fc fl }hgo,ck fc fl gkygvcjhczf, ck fc fl jf wv kczfykoy, wkco xvf fw wlo pyolf jf lh mfgvcjhgkc jflpfcwhbkfczo dvbhco poy lh gkfcgkh o poy lh ftpfykfcgkh jf lh }kjh#

Dh{, fc wvbh, }hykow plhcow jf gobpyfcwkc { ftplkghgkc jf lh mklowomh fc wvyfhlkjhj dkwzykgh# Jfwjf lh gobpyfcwkc { ftplkghgkc jfl fwzykgzo wknckmkghjo jf lhwftpyfwkocfw zftzvhlfw, o jf wzhw fc wv pykbhykh yfmfyfcgkh h low oiafzow kjfhlfw o yfhlfwbfczhjow { fc lh klhgkc lnkgh jf lhw kjfhw hw wknckmkghjhw poy fllhw, dhwzh fl jf lh

gobpyfcwkc { ftplkghgkc jf lhw yflhgkocfw jf fwzhw kjfhw goc zojh lh yfhlkjhj kjfhl,pwxvkgh, wogkhl, bhzfykhl, gkygvcjhczf# [ wk fl pykbfyo fw hxvfl poy fl xvf dh{ xvffbpfqhy phyh fbpfqhy h gobpyfcjfy, fwzf lzkbo fw fl ckgo xvf ftplkgh hghihjhbfczf,dhwzh jocjf fw powkilf#

wzf fw fl lvnhy jf jfgky hlno hgfygh jf lhw zyhjvggkocfw# U94R Poyxvf lh zyhjvggkc wffcgvfczyh fc vch powkgkc pfgvlkhy fczyf lh chyyhgkc jfzfybkchzk}h o gocwzkzvzk}h jf lowdfgdow { lh ftplkghgkc jf wzow# Lh zyhjvggkc hmfgzh h lh hvzfczkgkjhj jf low zftzow { fwkczfypyfzhgkc jf fllow { dhwzh kckgko jfl gobfczhyko# Fwzhilfgf fl zftzo xvf lff xvkfc colff fl oyknkchl { fwzh opfyhgkc co fw powkilf wkc hlzfyhgkocfw bw o bfcow kbpoyzhczfw jfwzf, whl}o xvkq fc hlnc ghwo jf zyhjvggkc h lfcnvh pytkbh hiwolvzhbfczf

ftgfpgkochl# Fwzhw hlzfyhgkocfw pyogfjfc jfl dfgdo jf xvf zyhjvgky fw pfywfgvgkc jf vckjfhl kbpowkilf, gobo mvcjhjo fc vc wvpvfwzo wkc yfhlkjhj# Fl zyhjvgky wvpocf lhfxvk}hlfcgkh ftpyfwk}h jf lhw jkwzkczhw lfcnvhw, lo xvf fw wlo vc kjfhl# [h jfczyo jf vchlfcnvh pvfjf hj}fyzkywf lh mhlzh jf ftpyfwkocfw phyh jfzfybkchjhw yfhlkjhjfw# Fl lfgzoy jffwzh hczolonh pvfjf }fy gbo Hykwzzflfw fgdh jf bfcow fc wv lfcnvh nykfnh cobiyfwphyh bvgdow jf low ftgfwow, jfmfgzow { powkgkocfw kczfybfjkhw fc xvf gocwkwzfc }kgkow {}kyzvjfw# Zhlfw mhlzhw fc vch lfcnvh woc phyzkgvlhybfczf wfcwkilfw jfwjf ozyh# Poyxvf lhwjkwzkczhw lfcnvhw co zkfcfc, zojhw, ftpyfwkocfw phyh lhw bkwbhw gowhw# Fllo wf jfif h hlno

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

16/186

bw pyomvcjo# Lhw lfcnvhw yfwpocjfc h gvlzvyhw { xvkq dhwzh h bfczfw, golfgzk}hw,jkwzkczhw# [ fwzhw gvlzvyhw co zkfcfc low bkwbow kcnyfjkfczfw bhzfykhlfw { fwpkykzvhlfw,fwzhw bfczfw co pfygkifc ck pkfcwhc lo bkwbo# Bvgdow coyzfhbfykghckwbow jfl fwpholjf Btkgo woc lh pyvfih jf lh mhlzh oyknkchl jf low oiafzow jfwknchjow poy fllow fc lhgvlzvyh bftkghch# Hclonhbfczf wvgfjf goc lo xvf co woc gowhw bhzfykhlfw# Fc vchw

lfcnvhw mhlzhc zybkcow phyh jfcobkchy, poy fafbplo, wfczkbkfczow xvf zkfcfc cobiyf fcozyhw, o lhw vchw zkfcfc vc wolo zybkco phyh jfcobkchy low xvf lhw ozyhw jkwzkcnvfc gocwfcjow# Kcjkgko jf xvf lhw bfczfw goyyfwpocjkfczfw h lhw pykbfyhw co jkwzkcnvfc lo xvffwzhw lzkbhw, hghwo poy co pfygkiky, U9;R o kcglvwo co ftpfykbfczhy, hlno jf lo xvfftpfykbfczhc { pfygkifc lhw ozyhw# Fl myhcgw goc wv oynvfkl{ fl hlfbc goc wv Wzolq cojkwzkcnvfc gobo cvfwzyo fwphol fczyf oynvllo { woifyikh# Fc lh bh{oyh jf low ghwow, loxvf phwh fw xvf low zybkcow zkfcfc wknckmkghgkocfw plvyhlfw { lhw wknckmkghgkocfw jf lowzybkcow jf vch lfcnvh co wf goyyfwpocjfc fthgzhbfczf goc lhw wknckmkghgkocfw jf lowzybkcow jf ozyh# Fwzo dhgf xvf vc bkwbo zybkco jf vch lfcnvh mknvyf fc jkwzkczowgoczftzow jf fllh goc ozyhw zhczhw jf wvw wknckmkghgkocfw, { xvf hl zyhjvgky co wfh powkilffbplfhy vc bkwbo zybkco, wkco xvf wfh cfgfwhyko dhgfy vwo jf jkwzkczow, gocwfgvfcgkh

jf zojo pvczo pfyzvyihjoyh gvhcjo fl zybkco oyknkchl fw vc zybkco gv{h vckjhj fwfwfcgkhl, gobo wvgfjf fc low ghwow fc xvf fw vc zybkco zgckgo mklowmkgo# Fl lfgzoyfcgoczyhy fc fwzh hczolonh vc fafbplo goc fl zybkco nykfno hyfz zyhjvgkjo poy }kyzvj#Zojo fwzo { ozyo zhczo xvf co fw powkilf ck kczfyfwh jfzhllhy, wf jfif fc lzkbh kcwzhcgkh hlh kyyfhlkjhj jfl wvpvfwzo bw pyomvcjo jf zojh hgzk}kjhj jf zyhjvggkc1 lh kcjfpfcjfcgkhjf lo wknckmkghjo, o bw fc nfcfyhl hc jf lo ftpyfwhjo poy lhw ftpyfwkocfw, yfwpfgzo jfwzhw bkwbhw# Phyh xvf fc lhw jkwzkczhw lfcnvhw pvjkfyh dhify ftpyfwkocfw pfymfgzhbfczffxvk}hlfczfw jfwjf fl pvczo jf }kwzh wfbczkgo, mvfyh bfcfwzfy xvf lo ftpyfwhjo pvjkfyhftpyfwhywf kcjkmfyfczfbfczf goc vchw ftpyfwkocfw v ozyhw, fw jfgky, yfwvlzhyh kcjkmfyfczf hlh jkmfyfcgkh fczyf lhw ftpyfwkocfw, kcjfpfcjkfczf, pvfw, jf fllhw# Pfyo bvgdo jkwzh jf wfyhw# Co dh{ wolhw lhw glwkghw wvpowkgkocfw yfhl o moybhl, lnkgh { bhzfykhl, fc xvf fl

bkwbo zybkco wknckmkgh fl oiafzo, o lh kjfh jf fwzf oiafzo, o h w bkwbo, fl zybkco5 dh{}kcgvlhgkocfw yfgpyoghw fczyf lo ftpyfwhjo { lhw ftpyfwkocfw, lo vco { lhw ozyhw fcgvhczo zhlfw, xvf wf }fc bv{ ikfc, poy fafbplo, fc low yfmyhcfw1 lhw fxvk}hlfcgkhw U70Rfczyf low jf jkwzkczhw lfcnvhw woc fc bvgdow ghwow bfyhbfczf hpyotkbhjhw# Fwzhwjkmkgvlzhjfw zkfcfc wv pozfcgkhgkc btkbh fc lh zyhjvggkc jfl fwzklo# Hxv co ghifpyogfjfy wkco hyzwzkgh, nfckhlbfczf "{ gbo co wf wfczky fl zyhjvgzoy xvf wf hj}kfyzflfahco h zojh nfckhlkjhj { hvc hl zhlfczo pyopkhbfczf hyzwzkgo# Fl fwzklo co pvfjfzyhjvgkywf bw xvf yfpyojvgkcjolo lkiyfbfczf goc lh kczfcgkc jf pyojvgky vcfmfgzo hclono hl xvf pyojvgf fl oyknkchl "fc yknoy, vc fmfgzo woiyf fl lfgzoy hgzvhlhclono hl xvf pyojvafyh fl oyknkchl woiyf fl goczfbpoycfo jfl hvzoy" phyh xv kcjkghylow pyoilfbhw dkwzoykonymkgow, dkwzykgow, jf gobpowkgkc jf lvnhy jf vchw pfywochw

fc fl jf ozyhw, jf gobpyfcwkc jf vchw poy ozyhw, h zyh}w jf gvlzvyhw { zkfbpow, xvf fwzhkczfcgkc plhczfh# Zyhjvggkc fw yfgyfhgkc fc zojow low ghwow5 fc low bw hyjvow,fbpfo goc hlzo gobpocfczf jf gyfhgkc# Poy zojo fwzo fw poy lo xvf lh zyhjvggkc fw,bv{ pyopkhbfczf, kczfypyfzhgkc, { h zyh}w jf lh phymyhwkw, kcjkwpfcwhilf o goc}fckfczffc bvgdow ghwow, poy fafbplo, phyh dhgfy kczflknkilf lo xvf wkc fllh co lo wfyh fchiwolvzo o f}kzhy vch cozh, fw gochzo f kckgko jf lh ftplkghgkc jfl zftzo, jfl gobfczhyko#Fl zyhjvgzoy, fc wvbh, phjfgf hw gonkjo, poy lhw fmfgzk}hw jkwgyfphcgkhw jf lhw lfcnvhw,fczyf wv joilf cfgfwhykh mkjflkjhj1 hl oyknkchl { h lh lfcnvh h xvf zyhjvgf, hl pfcwhbkfczo

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

17/186

mklowmkgo o pozkgo { h wv ftpyfwkc zgckgh { lkzfyhykh, { h lh pyopkfjhj jf lh lfcnvh hxvf zyhjvgf, h lh lfnkiklkjhj fc fl wfczkjo jf lh kczflknkiklkjhj { jf lh mhgklkjhj { mlvkjfq "goczyhykow fczyf low gvhlfw fw jfbhwkhjo myfgvfczf co pojfy dhllhy ckcnc dfyhglkzkhcohgoplf# Wf jfif gocglvky, wkc jvjh, xvf fl kjfhl fw lh lfgzvyh jf low oyknkchlfw, { dhwzh wfpojyh gocglvky xvf hghwo mvfyh bfaoy jfjkghy h lh jkmvwkc jf lhw lfcnvhw low fwmvfyqow

omyfcjhjow h lh hgzk}kjhj jf zyhjvgky# Pfyo lh }fyjhj fw xvf co dh{ U78R xvf fthnfyhy# Flkjfhl jf lh gobpyfcwkc lo bw pfymfgzhbfczf hvzczkgh powkilf jf low zftzow, co jflphwhjo, ck jf vc phwhjo yfbozo, wkco wkbplfbfczf hafcow, co fw bw xvf fwzo, vc kjfhl, hlh yfhlkqhgkc jfl xvf woc ozyow zhczow lbkzfw gvhczow cow gocmkchc fc cvfwzyhwkcjk}kjvhlkjhjfw h low dvbhcow# Lh lfgzvyh jf oyknkchlfw fw zhbikc zyhjvggkc,kczfypyfzhgkc, ftplkghgkc, yfgyfhgkc, co {h gvhcjo fw vc pykcgkpkhczf xvkfc lowjflfzyfh, wkco, { wkc jvjh bw, gvhcjo fw vc nyhcjf dobiyf ghynhjo jf whify xvkfc lowdhgf yf}k}ky goc fwzh wv whikjvyh { dvbhckjhj zojh# [ jhjo hw xvf zojo zyhjvgky fwyfgyfhgkc, { pvfwzow h fwgonfy fczyf yfgyfhgkocfw, lhw xvf bw lo wfhc pvfjfc wfy lhw bwwvnfwzk}hw, gvhcjo bfcow "wk fwzf gvhcjo bfcow fw lgkzo### Lh zyhjvggkc fw lh bfaoyjf lhw kczyojvggkocfw h lh lfgzvyh jf low oyknkchlfw { gobo zhl jfif wfy vzklkqhjh poy low

pykcgkpkhczfw { pvfjf wfylo poy low jogzow# Low dfgdow dkwzykgow dhilhc h mh}oy jf fwzhhbplkzvj jf gykzfyko# Dh{ ghwk, ghwk gvlzvyhw jf zyhjvggkocfw { zyhjvggkocfw jf kcnfczfyfpfygvwkc fc lhw gvlzvyhw# Pfyo wk wf xvkfyf vc ghwo bv{ hnvjo { bv{ fafbplhy jf loxvf wf pvfjf dhgfy h ihwf jf zyhjvggkocfw, { phyh xvf lh bfcgkc jfl ghwo wfh jf zojopvczo pfyzkcfczf fc fwzf lkiyo, jf zyhjvggkocfw jf mklowomh nykfnh, ihwzhy gkzhy h WhczoZobw { wv Hykwzzflfw jf Bofyifef "xvf co yfwvlzh ftgfwk}hbfczf hzfcvhjo poyxvf flHcnlkgo Jogzoy pvjkfyh gocwvlzhy fl zftzo nykfno { lhw zyhjvggkocfw jf wv dfybhco jfyflknkc wfhc vc ghlgo#

Bhw wk poy phyzf jf wv mvcgkc ftplkghzk}h fw lh Dkwzoykh kczfnyhgkc, poy phyzf jf lhchyyhzk}h fw wflfggkc# Fwzh mvcgkc wflfgzk}h fbpkfqh poy wfy oiyh jf lh bkwbh dkwzoykh1

lh dkwzoykh fw pyjkjh U79R { jfwzyvggkc bhzfykhl, ihwf { bfjko jf lh mvcgkc hbcwkgh,pyjkjh { jfwzyvggkc pwxvkgh, xvf avczhbfczf goc lh mvcgkc bcbkgh, yf {gocbfboyhzk}h, gocgvyyf h lh wflfgzk}h# Moyqowh wflfggkc, jf low dfgdow jfl phwhjo,poyxvf fw moyqowh hiyf}khzvyh jf wzf1 lh Dkwzoykh co pvfjf wfy lh dkwzoykh poy wfnvcjh}fq# Fwzh wflfggkc fw fl zybkco wviafzk}o xvf zkfcf poy goyyflhzo oiafzk}o lh fwzyvgzvyh,fl yflkf}f goc xvf lh yfhlkjhj dkwzykgh wf pyfwfczh {h h lh pykbfyh bkyhjh h fllh "poy loxvf co dh{ bw yfbfjko xvf yfpyfwfczhywf lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh, gobo fc nfcfyhl lhjf lh gvlzvyh, oyonymkghbfczf# Lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh co wf pyfwfczh kczfnyhjhknvhlbfczf poy zojhw lhw mklowomhw "fc ozyo wfczkjo xvf fl jklvgkjhjo jf lh }fyjhj {mhlwfjhj# Dh{ lhw mklowomhw jf low nyhcjfw pfcwhjoyfw { lhw jf low xvf co woc zhcnyhcjfw, wkco bfcoyfw { dhwzh bkcwgvlow# Jf fwzf yflkf}f woc flfbfczo hyzkgvlhjoy lhw

fjhjfw { gvlzvyhw "hczknvh, bojfych# Lh mklowomh co gvlbkch fc vch bw hlzh gvbiyf,wkco fc lhw bw hlzhw gvbiyfw jf lh hczknvh{ jf lh bojfych1 vc Plhzc { vc Hykwzzflfw {vc Jfwghyzfw, vc Ehcz, vc Dfnfl# $Fw vch gvfwzkc fc lo xvf co }o{ h fczyhy hxv lh jfllvnhy { gocgfpzo jf lh mklowomh bfjkf}hl1 pyolocnhgkc jf lh hczknvh, jkwzkcnvkcjowf jfhbihw lh bojfych, wfnc vch kczfypyfzhgkc nfcfyhlkqhjh dhwzh lh kczfypyfzhgkc bwyfgkfczf, wfnc lh gvhl lh jfl bfjkf}o, oyknfc jf lh bojfych, jkwzkcnvkcjowf hbihw jf lhhczknvh+ $77+# [ l, fl oiafzk}o yflkf}f, fw lh zyhjvggkc mknvyhjh jf vch afyhyxvh jf }hloy#Gocmoybbocow goc yfgocogfy zojo fwzo gobo ozyow zhczow dfgdow, wkc kczfczhy

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

18/186

jfwhyyollhy, ck wkxvkfyh fcvcgkhy czfnyhbfczf, low moybkjhilfw pyoilfbhw xvf fwzowdfgdow plhczfhc1 fc xv gocwkwzh lh nyhcjfqh jf low pfcwhjoyfw, U77R gbo { poy xv lhhyzkgvlhgkc poy lhw fjhjfw { gvlzvyhw### H ftgfpgkc jf zoghy fl pvczo wknvkfczf#

Lhw kjfhw f}olvgkockwzhw jfl wknlo phwhjo jkfyoc vch kbpoyzhcgkh wkcnvlhy h lowoynfcfw jf lhw gowhw fc nfcfyhl# Low oynfcfw jf lhw gowhw goczfcjyhc low flfbfczowfwfcgkhlfw jf fllhw, wkc lhw hjdfyfcgkhw { gobplkghgkocfw fc xvf gocwkwzkyh fl jfwhyyollo#Poy gocwknvkfczf, fc wvw oynfcfw wf pojyh gocogfy { jhy h gocogfy goc jkwzkcgkc ckghlh chzvyhlfqh jf lhw gowhw# [ poy yfwvbkywf lh f}olvgkc jf lh fwpfgkf fc fl jfwhyyollo jfghjh kcjk}kjvo jf fllh, low oynfcfw jfl kcjk}kjvo { jf lh fwpfgkf wfyhc dhwzh gkfyzo pvczokczfyghbikhilfw jfwjf fwzow pvczow czkgow, ncowfolnkgow { jkjgzkgow# Fc hplkghgkcbw o bfcow gocwgkfczf { ftpyfwh jf fwzhw kjfhw, wf dh hzykivkjo h low oynfcfw jf lhmklowomh vc wkcnvlhy }hloy jf kckgkhgkc fc fllh# Fl dobiyf fczyhyh jf lh bfaoy bhcfyh fclh mklowomh poy jocjf fczy jf dfgdo fc fllh lh Dvbhckjhj# Low pykbfyow mklwomowdhiyhc plhczfhjo low pyoilfbhw, fzfycow, jf lh mklowomh { moybvlhjo wolvgkocfw, zhbikcfzfychw, h fllow, fc zybkcow jf vch lhpkjhykh wkbplkgkjhj { nyhcjkowkjhj, gobo coghynhjow zojh}h poy fl lhwzyf jf low vlzfykoyfw jhzow { gocgfpzow dkwzykgow $7:+# Bhw lhwkjfhw f}olvgkockwzhw jfl wknlo phwhjo wf dhc }vflzo jf fczocgfw hg pyoilfbzkghw,gvhcjo bfcow# Fw powkilf xvf lh chzvyhlfqh jf lhw gowhw wlo wfh hvzczkghbfczfhpyfdfcwkilf fc lh bhjvyfq jf wv jfwhyyollo, fc lhw moybhw hjvlzhw { pfymfgzhw# Xvf coxvfph avqnhy jf lhw gowhw poy wvw oynfcfw, wkco jf low oynfcfw poy lh plfckzvj, gobomoybhw, low oynfcfw, jfmkgkfczfw hc jf wzh lzkbh# Xvf lh f}olvgkc { jfwhyyollo cogocwkwzhc fc lh bfyh hjdfwkc wvgfwk}h jf flfbfczow hggkjfczhlfw U7:R { pfykmykgow hlbfyo jfwplkfnvf { phzfczkqhgkc jf bkfbiyow czfnyhbfczf pyfmoybhjow, wkcokcgoypoyhgkc yfkzfyhjh jf kcnyfjkfczfw zhc fwfcgkhlfw gobo cvf}ow, }fyjhjfyh goczkcvhgyfhgkc# Xvf, fc mkc, fl pyfwvczo yfwvbfc jf lh f}olvgkc jf lh fwpfgkf fc fl jfwhyyollojfl kcjk}kjvo wfh bv{ jkmfyfczf jf lo yfwvbkjo# Pfyo gobo xvkfyh xvf wfh jf lhw kjfhw

nfcfyhlfw, fc fl ghwo phyzkgvlhy jf lh mklowomh woc jf dfgdo low oynfcfw wkcnvlhybfczfkcwzyvgzk}ow, yflf}hczfw# Lh mklowomh fbpkfqh goc hlzvyhw, hghczklhjh woiyf lhw ocjhw jf lhgvlzvyh pyfmklowmkgh, hl flf}hjo ck}fl xvf fc nfcfyhl wf hyyonh jfczyo jf lo dvbhco#Wkbplfw poy oyknkchykhw o co, lhw pykbfyhw mklowomhw woc phyhjknbhw gkbfyow { pfyfccfwjf lh mklowomh#

Fc wvbh, lh Dkwzoykh yfwvlzh oynhckqhjh poy jow pykcgkpkow hczkzzkgow xvf dhc jfgocgklkhywf fc fllh# Dh jf ftzfcjfywf jfwjf low oynfcfw dhwzh lh hgzvhlkjhj { h zojh lhhcgdvyh jf lh }kjh "{ jfczyo jf fwzh joilf jkbfcwkc dh jf fczyfwhghy low dfgdow bw ockgow yflf}hczfw, }hlkowow#

Jf wv phyzf, lh fcwfhcqh kbplkgh zhbikc vch wflfggkc moyqowh# Poy wfy zhbikc

hiyf}khzvyh, jf lo xvf fcwfh, moyqhjh poy lh zfbpoyhlkjhj jfl dobiyf# Lh fcwfhcqh jfvch jkwgkplkch co pvfjf wfy lh jkwgkplkch bkwbh# Bw fc nfcfyhl, co fw powkilf hpyfcjfyzojo, wkco phyzf5 ck wkco ky hpyfcjkfcjo, poy phyzfw# Fl gykzfyko jf fwzh wflfggkcjkjgzkgh fw joilf1 lh kbpoyzhcgkh oiafzk}h jf lh bhzfykh, fc fl gvfypo bkwbo jf lhjkwgkplkch goyyfwpocjkfczf, {, wv hjfgvhgkc jkjgzkgh, wv hwfxvkiklkjhj $76+hlpykcgkpkhczf, wv mhgklkjhj# Hw, vch fcwfhcqh dkwzykgh kbplkgh, fc jfmkckzk}h, vchwflfggkc fc wfnvcjh pozfcgkh1 lh dkwzoykonymkgh { lh jkjgzkgh#

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

19/186

Fl joilf gykzfyko jf lh wflfggkc jkjgzkgh, hl wfy hplkghjo fc lh fcwfhcqh jf lhmklowomh, plhczfh gvfwzkocfw, pyobvf}f U76R gocmlkgzow fwpfgmkgow jf fwzh fcwfhcqh,gobo oyknkchjhw poy wv oiafzo,wvk nfcfykw#

Lh gocgfpgkc dkwzoykgkwzh jf lh kcdfyfcgkh jf lhw mklowomhw jf zojhw lhw fjhjfw {gvlzvyhw h lh mklowomh, mobfczh lh zfcjfcgkh h kckgkhy {h fc lh mklowomh poy bfjko jf lhDkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh fc wv zozhlkjhj vck}fywhl# Pfyo, woiyf xvf {h lh Dkwzoykh kbplkghwflfggkc fc fwzh zozhlkjhj, zhbikc fc mklowomh dh{ xvf pykcgkpkhy, pykcgkpkhy poy hlnvchphyzf, poy hlno1 ck zojo fl xvf wf kczfyfwh poy lh mklowomh pvfjf phwhy jf pykcgkpkhczf, ckpvfjfc bfcow jf fbpfqhy poy wfy pykcgkpkhczfw xvkfcfw dh{hc jf wfy bw# Lh chzvyhlfqhbkwbh jf lh Dkwzoykh { jf lh fcwfhcqh mvfyqh, pvfw, h yfjvgky lh dkwzoykh fcwfhjh h lhwgvbiyfw jf wv zozhlkjhj# Pfyo, {h hw, h lhw gvbiyfw fbkcfczfw h lo lhyno jf zojh wvzozhlkjhj# Jkhlgzkgh dkwzykgo"mklowmkgh { jkjgzkgh# Bhw gobo wf zyhzh jf fcwfhy lhmklowomh fc wv hvzfczkgkjhj bkwbh, phyzkfcjo jf wvw zftzow, zojo wf yfjvgf h jkwgfycky lowbw kbpoyzhczfw dkwzykgo"mklowmkghbfczf "gowh avqnhjh# Pfyo co woc pyfgkwhbfczf lowbw mgklfw# Dh{ zftzow mklowmkgow bw mgklfw# Co wvflfc wfy low bw kbpoyzhczfw, ckbvgdo bfcow# Xv gobpyobkwo pyogvyhy? Fw hlnvco powkilf? H mocjo1 zfcjyh vcgobpyobkwo zhl, wfczkjo fc mklowomh? Zhbikc fl jfwhyyollo { yfwolvgkc jf fwzhwgvfwzkocfw ftgfjf jf low lbkzfw jf fwzh kczyojvggkc# Dhc jf ihwzhy lhw gocglvwkocfw hxvf wf dh havwzhjo fwzh hczolonh# H lh mklowomh { h wv pyfwvczo }hloy moybhzk}o "pykcgkphlmvcjhbfczo avwzkmkghilf jf wv fcwfhcqh { fc nfcfyhl jkmvwkc" fw kcdfyfczf gvhcjobfcow vch ivfch jowkw jf jkmkgvlzhj# Fc bhzfykh jf fcwfhcqh jf lh mklowomh, lh mhgklkjhjco jfif ivwghywf fc low zftzow bkwbow, wkco poy bfjko jfl gobfczhyko1 co zftzow mgklfw,wkco mhgklkzhylow, df hxv fl lfbh# Poy fcjf, pykbhjo jfl gykzfyko jf lh kbpoyzhcgkh U7=R fclh flfggkc jf low zftzow, wkc gobpyobkwo goc lh mhgklkjhj "{ whzkwmhggkc jf xvf coyfwvlzfc fc gocavczo pyfgkwhbfczf low bw jkmgklfw jf zojh lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh" {fwmvfyqo poy mhgklkzhylow {h goc lh zyhjvggkc bkwbh, { goc lh kczyojvggkc, poy phyzf jfl

hvzoy, { poy phyzf jfl lfgzoy, goc low bhzfykhlfw xvf hpoyzhc lhw pvilkghgkocfw gkzhjhw fc lhikilkonyhmh, wk h zhczo gobo h bo}fylf h fcwhcgdhy wv hplkghgkc dhwzh fllhw llfnh wvhmkgkc o }oghgkc poy lh mklowomh#

Ozyo gocmlkgzo fc hpyfzhjo cvjo goc fl hczfykoy, poyxvf lh jkmkgvlzhj o mhgklkjhj jf lowzftzow fwz fc yflhgkc goc wvw jkbfcwkocfw, fw fl xvf wf pyobvf}f fczyf lh fwfcgkhlvckjhj oynckgh jf lhw oiyhw { lh wflfggkc moyqowh h lh Dkwzoykh { h lh fcwfhcqh# Lhwpyjkjhw bhzfykhlfw jf lh dkwzoykh hyyoahc dhwzh fl pyfwfczf wlo myhnbfczow jf lhw oiyhwbw hczknvhw1 lh vckjhj jf lhw oiyhw kbpocf fl fwmvfyqo jf yfgocwzyvggkc, woiyf lh ihwfjfl gocogkbkfczo jf lh zozhlkjhj jf lhw yflkxvkhw { jf lhw cozkgkhw woiyf fllhw# Pfyo, fcwfczkjo goczyhyko, wkfcjo lh vckjhj jf lhw oiyhw yfmyhgzhykh, wk co myhcghbfczf hj}fywh, hlhw pnkchw fwgonkjhw { poy fcjf fl kjfhl fl gocogkbkfczo jf lhw oiyhw fc wv kczfnykjhj,lh moyqowh wflfggkc, lh cfgfwkjhj jf ky poy phyzfw, wf opocf h fwzf kjfhl# Poy }fczvyh dh{oiyhw jf bfcoy ftzfcwkc, phyzfw jf oiyhw goc vckjhj jf wfczkjo yflhzk}hbfczf hvzcobh,jogvbfczow kcwfyzow# Lh zfcjfcgkh, wkxvkfyh, jfif wfy h pyfmfyky fwzhw oiyhw, phyzfw {jogvbfczow woiyf lhw bfyhw pnkchw fwgonkjhw $7=+#

[h lh Dkwzoykh kbplkgh vch hgzk}kjhj hczolnkgh# Vch hczolonh gobo wzh wf yfbkzf, hlh kc}fywh, h vch wfykf jf opfyhgkocfw dkwzoykonymkghw "hphyzf lhw jkjgzkghw { mklowmkghw1{h fl fwgonfy low zftzow { zyhjvgkylow, co wlo U7>R fl gobfczhylow dkwzykghbfczf, woc

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

20/186

hgzow jf whify dkwzykgo# Bhw zojhw lhw mvcgkocfw jf lh Dkwzoykh, { jf lh fcwfhcqhdkwzykgh, wf fmfgzhc jfwjf lh hgzvhlkjhj, fc lh hgzvhlkjhj# Co dh{h fcnho woiyf fwzfpvczo# Co fw powkilf yfjvgkywf ftdhvwzk}hbfczf h lo dkwzykgo# Fl bw ftzyfbhjodkwzoykgkwbo zkfcf vc lbkzf hgzvhl, hgzvhlkwzh# Low dfgdow xvf wf wflfggkoch phyh chyyhylow{ low xvf wf hjvgf phyh ftplkghy low xvf wf chyyh, woc klvbkchjow poy lhw kjfhw hgzvhlfw1

lhw kjfhw hgzvhlfw woc vc dhq jf yh{ow woiyf lo pyfzykzo xvf klvbkch wlo phyzfw, jfahcjofc pfcvbiyhw { wobiyhw fl hcgdo yfwzo, { fl phcoyhbh jf lo phwhjo }hyh hw goc flpyfwfczf "pfyo fw poyxvf dh{, fc kcgfwhczf yfco}hgkc, kjfhw hgzvhlfw, poyxvf lhw zkfcfckcglvwo xvkfcfw pkfcwhc co zfcfylhw wkco hyghkghw# Fl dkwzoykgkwbo fw gobpyfcwkc jflpyfwfczf poy fl phwhjo# Jfwpvw jf dhify wkjo lh dkwzoykh5 lh }kjh dvbhch, oyknfc jf lhmklowomh, { wkfcjo wkfbpyf lo ckgo xvf pvfjf jhy h lh mklowomh vc wfczkjo, dh }fckjo hwfy zfbh jf lh mklowomh, { h wfy ynhco jf wzh lh Dkwzoykh# Fl mklwomo jf do{, bw xvf fljf ckcnvch ozyh fjhj hczfykoy, phyh ftpocfy wv pfcwhy, dhilh poy iogh jf glwkgo# Lhgoczyhphyzkjh fw lh gobpyfcwkc, yfgpyogh, jfl phwhjo poy fl pyfwfczf5 lh yfhlkqhgkcbkwbh jf hxvl poy fwzf lzkbo# Dhwzh xvkfc pkfcwh lkbkzhywf h hjdfyky h vch mklowomh jfozyow zkfbpow { h pyomfwhylh, lo dhgf poy bozk}ow xvf co mknvyhihc fc hxvfllh mklowomh,

wkco xvf woc pfywochlfw wv{ow, hgzvhlfw# [ fwzow bozk}ow wfyhc wv hvzczkgh mklowomh, wk hzhczo llfnhwfc gobo h wfy fc nfcfyhl vch mklowomh# [ zojo fwzo fw hw, poyxvf zhl fw lhchzvyhlfqh dvbhch "{ chjh bfcow# Fl dobiyf fw, h ghjh hgzvhl kcwzhczf jf wv wfy, xvf fwvc wfy fc kcwzhczfw, jf kcwzhczfw, lo xvf dh wkjo dhwzh fl kcwzhczf hgzvhl# Pfyo fl kcwzhczfhgzvhl fw fl wfy fc xvf fw lo xvf dh wkjo dhwzh l { fc xvf lo xvf dh wkjo dhwzh l fw# Fw flgvfypo, U74R lh yfhlkjhj kcmyhcxvfhilf, jf xvf co pvfjf whlky, bw hll jf lh gvhl co pvfjfwhlzhy#

Fwzh hczolonh dkwzykgh fw vc pyojvgzo jfl dkwzoykgkwbo hgzvhl# U7;R

Lhw oiafgkocfw bw mvfyzfw xvf pvfjfc dhgfywf h lh kckgkhgkc dkwzykgh fc lh mklowomh woc wkc jvjh lh jfIhvjkc, Oi# gkz#, xvf co jh vch moybhgkc mklowmkgh, wkco vch wfvjogobpfzfcgkh fc Dkwzoykh jf lhMklowomh5 { lh jf xvf fwzh wfvjogobpfzfcgkh, gobo fc nfcfyhl fl dkwzoykgkwbo, fcnfcjyh fl fwgfpzkgkwbo#Fw mgkl }fy xvf lh pykbfyh fwz kcmlvkjh poy lh kjfh jf xvf lh mklowomh co fw zojh lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh

poy knvhl, pvfw wk fw poy knvhl zojh fwzh dkwzoykh, co ghif bw kckgkhgkc, {h, fc lh mklowomh xvf lh kckgkhgkcfc wv dkwzoykh zojh# Hjfbw, wf yfmkfyf h lh kckgkhgkc fc lh mklowomh { co h lh vlzfykoy moybhgkc fc wzh5

pfyo h b bf phyfgf kc}lkjh phyh lh kckgkhgkc bkwbh# Fl xvf lh kckgkhgkc dkwzykgh co j, fw jfgky, codh{h jhjo fc nfcfyhl dhwzh hxv vch moybhgkc mklowmkgh, co hghyyfh moyqowhbfczf xvf co lh dh{h jhjo fcckcnc ghwo, ck, fc zojo ghwo, xvf co pvfjh jhylh# H b bf phyfgf xvf fwzo jfpfcjf jf xvf fl bzojodkwzykgo wf fbplff pfoy o bfaoy, co wf gobplfzf o wf gobplfzf hjfgvhjhbfczf goc fl jf lh lfgzvyh {gobfczhyko jf zftzow1 fcwfhy bfyhbfczf vc bhcvhl jf Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh, fc lvnhy jf lffy { ftplkghylow glwkgow "gobo vc bhcvhl jf Dkwzoykh lkzfyhykh, fc lvnhy jf lffy { ftplkghy low glwkgow jf lh lkzfyhzvyh"co fw, gkfyzhbfczf, phyh moybhy fc lh mklowomh# Bhw dhwzh xv pvczo lh moybhgkc mklowmkgh fw gocgfikjh

fc lh hgzvhlkjhj moyqowhbfczf gobo dkwzykgh {h jfwjf lh kckgkhgkc, kcglvwo poy low phyzkjhykow jf lh bkwbhfwgvflh o jkyfggkc mklowmkgh xvf Ihvjkc "cfofwgolhwzkgkwbo bw o bfcow fwzykgzo" wf }f ikfc poy lhyfgkfczfKczyojvgzkoc lh pdklowopdkf jf L# jf Yhf{bhfefy# Fc gvhczo h lh wfnvcjh oiafgkc, fw "zojo fl

pyoilfbh, jf }kjh o bvfyzf, jf lh mklowomh fc lh hgzvhlkjhj# Bf lkbkzhy h wowzfcfy, pvfw, xvf lh wolvgkc copvfjf gocwkwzky fc pyfzfcjfy kncoyhy lh dkwzoykh, phyh f}kzhy fl fwgfpzkgkwbo, poyxvf lh dkwzoykh fwz hd,}kfcf woiyf cowozyow, { lh pyfzfcwkc wf yfjvgkyh h pyfzfcwkc { h gocjvgzh jf h}fwzyvq fc mklowomh, wkcoxvf wlo pvfjf gocwkwzky fc wvpfyhy fl fwgfpzkgkwbo dkwzoykgkwzh poy bfjko jf vch gocgfpgkc }fyjhjfyh,fwzo fw, dkwzykgh, jf lh dkwzoykh { jf lh }fyjhj "xvf lh Dkwzoykh mklowmkgh jf lh mklowomh { fllh wolh pvfjffcwfhy hl pfcwhjoy { hl pykcgkpkhczf#

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

21/186

KK

Lh pyfwfczf hczolonh dh chgkjo jf vc fafygkgko jf lh fcwfhcqh kcwpkyhjo poy lhw kjfhw

ftpvfwzhw fc lo hczfykoy# Low zftzow xvf mknvyhc fc fllh dhihc wkjo, fc wv nyhc bh{oyphyzf, zyhjvgkjow phyh low gvywow jfl hvzoy fc Qhyhnoqh { Bhjykj, jfwjf 8;70, {ftplkghjow fc fwzow gvywow, hlnvcow jf fllow yfpfzkjhw }fgfw# Lh pvilkghgkc yfwpocjf hljfwfo jf pyopoygkochy h low pyomfwoyfw { fwzvjkhczfw jf mklowomh, { fc nfcfyhl hl pilkgogvlzo { gvykowo, jf low phwfw jf lfcnvh fwpholh, bhzfykhlfw { bfjkow xvf dvif jfpyfphyhy { yfvcky phyh bkw hlvbcow { o{fczfw# H fwzf jfwfo bf dhc bo}kjo lh pfywochlftpfykfcgkh { lhw hafchw cozkgkhw jfl gyfgkfczf kczfyw poy lhw gocmfyfcgkhw { dhwzh poy lowgvywow hghjbkgow jf mklowomh, poy lhw pvilkghgkocfw mklowmkghw jf zojh cjolf, fc wvbh,poy lh mklowomh, fc fwzow phwfw# Fw gkfyzo xvf fc fl bobfczo jf fwgykiky fwzhw lcfhw lowzyfbfivcjow hgoczfgkbkfczow bvcjkhlfw pvfjfc dhgfy jvjhy jf lh zyhcxvklkjhj jf lowfwpykzvw phyh wfnvky mkahcjo wv hzfcgkc fc zfbhw zhlfw { co jfaywflh hyyhwzyhy poy

hqoyhczfw kcbkcfcgkhw# Pfyo lh Dkwzoykh pvfjf fmvcjky wfyfckjhj hxv# Pvfw fllh fcwfhgbo h zyh}w jf lhw bw hyyfbolkchjhw }kgkwkzvjfw jfl phwhjo, fc bkzhj bkwbo jflzoyifllkco "mkc jfl bvcjo hczknvo, nvfyyhw jf yflknkc, yf}olvgkc myhcgfwh { nvfyyhwchpolfckghw, nvfyyh jfl 8:" mklowomh, gkfcgkh, hyzf### dhc pyowfnvkjo wv gvywo wfgvlhy,bklfchyko, { dhwzh dhc pyojknhjo wvw mloyfw U:0R bw fwgonkjhw { myvzow jf bw whqochjhbhjvyfq# Co fwz jfgkjkjh hc lh gobpfzkgkc fczyf lhw jvyhw hybhw oiwzkchjhw { lhwkbphlphilfw { co bfcow kcmhzknhilfw gyfhgkocfw jfl fwpykzv poy fl zykvcmo powzyfyo fc lhdkwzoykh# Bf pfybkzo gocmkhy, poy zhczo, fc xvf low cvf}ow jfwzkchzhykow jfl pyfwfczfpyojvgzo jf bk zyhihao pyomfwkochl zfcnhc hc oghwkocfw jf fcgoczyhy bk jfwfo jfpocfylo h wv jkwpowkgkc plhvwkilf { bfyfgfjoy jf wv hnyhjfgkbkfczo#

Lh oiyh pvfjf wfy vzklkqhjh gobo lkiyo jf kckgkhgkc fc lh mklowomh zhczo gobo jffwzvjko bw h}hcqhjo jf lh jkwgkplkch, goc hyyfnlo hl bzojo fc fl hvnf ftpvfwzo {mvcjhjo h lo lhyno jf lhw pnkchw pyfgfjfczfw# Poy fl pilkgo hlvjkjo, { poy pyomfwoyfw {fwzvjkhczfw fc gvywow jf kczyojvggkc h lh mklowomh, mklowomh nfcfyhl, dkwzoykh jf lhmklowomh, zfoyh jfl gocogkbkfczo, oczolonh { bfzhmwkgh, zkgh { dhwzh pfjhnonh "xvfphyh zojo fwzo jhc lh }hykfjhj, hbplkzvj f kbpoyzhcgkh jf low zftzow kcglvwow fc lh oiyh#

Pvfw, fc fmfgzo, woc fwzow zftzow low bw kbpoyzhczfw jf zojh lh mklowomh nykfnh, bhzykqhyxvfzpkgh jf zojh lh mklowomh oggkjfczhl#

Poy mklowomh nykfnh wf fczkfcjf, {h zojh lh mklowomh hczknvh, gocwkjfyhcjo xvf lhmklowomh jfl bvcjo dflfcwzkgo"yobhco wf yfjvgf h lh jf fwgvflhw nykfnhw xvf zkfcfc,

hjfbw, wvw oynfcfw fc lh mklowomh jf Aockh, Bhnch Nyfgkh { zkgh dhwzh Hykwzzflfw $7>+,{h fwzh mklowomh h jkwzkcgkc jf lh jfl bvcjo dflfcwzkgo"yobhco $74+# wzf fw fl wfczkjo fcxvf lh fczkfcjo hxv#

Fwzh mklowomh wf gocwkjfyh zyhjkgkochlbfczf, goc zyhjkgkc U:8R xvf yfboczh {h h lhHczknfjhj, jk}kjkjh fc zyfw pfyojow1 pyfwogyzkgo5 wogyzkgo "jf low womkwzhw { Wgyhzfw5powzwogyzkgo "jf low wogyzkgow, fbkcfczfbfczf jf low nyhcjfw wkwzfbzkgow { mvcjhjoyfwjf fwgvflhw Plhzc { Hykwzzflfw $7;+#

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

22/186

Fc fl pykbfy pfyojo, gocwzkzv{fc vc gfczyo gvlbkchczf fc zoyco hl gvhl nyh}kzh lhmklowomh jfl pfyojo fczfyo Dfyglkzo { Phybckjfw# Woc fwzow jow pfcwhjoyfw, hjfbw,low pykbfyow jf gv{hw oiyhw wf dhc gocwfy}hjo myhnbfczow wvmkgkfczfw phyh dhgfywf vchkjfh jkyfgzh jf fllhw "wk wf ftglv{f jf low mklwomow h Afcmhcfw, bhczfckcjoloftglvwk}hbfczf fczyf low pofzhw, gobo phyfgf co jfah jf dhify yhqocfw phyh dhgfylo# Lh

pyfwfczf hczolonh goczkfcf zojow low myhnbfczow gocwfy}hjow jf lh ckgh oiyh, fc pyowh,jf Dfyglkzo, { zojow low gocwfy}hjow jf lh kczyojvggkc { jf lh pykbfyh phyzf jfl pofbhjf Phybckjfw, oiyh ckgh zhbikc jfl hvzoy# Fwzh pykbfyh phyzf jfl pofbh jfPhybckjfw fw lh xvf dh jhjo h fwzf pfcwhjoy wv yhcno fc lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh,moybvlhjo zyhjkgkochlbfczf gobo fl jf gyfhjoy jf lh oczolonh# Low myhnbfczowgocwfy}hjow jf lh kczyojvggkc { jf fwzh pykbfyh phyzf goczyhwzhc poy lh ftzfcwkc fkczfnykjhj goc low iyf}fw zojow { bvgdow bv{ jvjowow gocwfy}hjow jf lh wfnvcjh phyzf,fc cbfyo knvhl hl jf low gocwfy}hjow jf lh pykbfyh { bv{ fwghwo goc yflhgkc h lhlocnkzvj { goczfckjo pyfwvbkilfw jf lh wfnvcjh phyzf# Low zftzow jf lh mklowomhpyfwogyzkgh jhjow poy lh hczolonh woc pygzkghbfczf, pvfw, low bw kbpoyzhczfw jf zojhfwzh mklowomh fc wv bvzklhjh kczfnykjhj hgzvhl#

Co {h woiyf Wgyhzfw, xvf co mvf fwgykzoy, wkco zhbikc U:9R woiyf low womkwzhw, lhwmvfczfw bw kbpoyzhczfw woc lhw oiyhw jf low mklwomow jfl zfygfy pfyojo, pykcgkphlbfczflh jf Plhzc $:0+# Lh oiyh jf Plhzc jfif zobhywf, pvfw, gobo mvfczf jf gocogkbkfczozykplf1 jf lh womwzkgh, jf Wgyhzfw, jf lh mklowomh "{ pfywochlkjhj" jf wv hvzoy# Lhhczolonh gobpyfcjf fl zftzo bw kbpoyzhczf jf zojh lh oiyh plhzckgh yflhzk}o h ghjhvco jf fwzow zyfw zfbhw jf lh Dkwzoykh jf lh Mklowomh# "Plhzc pyfwfczh h low pykcgkphlfwwomkwzhw fc wvwPyoznoyhw, Noynkhw { jowDkppkhw, gvhjyow fwgckgow jf gocwvbhjoyfhlkwbo { jflkgkowh gobkgkjhj f kyoch" hvcxvf co wlo jf fwzo5 goc jfwghyhjh ifmh, h lowpfywochakllow fc xvkfcfw lh womwzkgh jfnfcfyhih dhwzh lh ivmocfyh jf plhqh pilkgh, fc flFvzkjfbo5 { fc fl Zffzfzfw { fl Womkwzh dhgf vch gyzkgh { vch jfmkckgkc jfmkckzk}hw jf lh

womwzkgh, fc wv powkgkc { wknckmkghgkc gfczyhlfw, jfwjf lh wv{h plhzckgh# Jf zojo fwzodf fwgonkjo fl bkzo { jkwgvywo goc xvf Pyoznoyhw, fl bw kbpoyzhczf jf low womkwzhwjfwjf fl pvczo jf }kwzh mklowmkgo"dkwzykgo, dhgf, fc fl jklono xvf llf}h wv cobiyf, vchftpowkgkc { jfmfcwh jf lh oiyh { chzvyhlfqh bkwbh jf lh womwzkgh h lh xvf pvfjfyfgocogfywf vc nyhjo plfco jf hvzfczkgkjhj1 Plhzc yfzyhzh goc mkjflkjhj zojh}h, bvgdobw xvf gykzkgh, fc fwzhw oiyhw, gobo flPyoznoyhw, jf wv pykbfy pfyojo jf gyfhgkclkzfyhykh $:8+# "Wgyhzfw fw oyhjoy ckgo fc lhHpolonh, f kczfylogvzoy fc zojow low jklonowjf Plhzc, goc ftgfpgkc jf lhwLf{fw# Pfyo gobo yfpyojvggkc jf lh hgzk}kjhj {pfywochlkjhj jfl bhfwzyo, { co bfyh vzklkqhgkc jf wv cobiyf phyh vc mkgzkgko ftpowkzoyU:7R jfl pvczo jf }kwzh plhzckgo, co pvfjfc zobhywf wkco lhw oiyhw jfl hlvjkjo pykbfypfyojo jf lh oiyh lkzfyhykh jf Plhzc { fl jkwgvywo jf Hlgkikhjfw fc flIhcxvfzf# Low

jogvbfczow ghpkzhlfw jf fwzf gocavczo woc lhHpolonh { fwzf jkwgvywo# Fczyf hbiow dfpyfmfykjo lhHpolonhpoy goczfcfy bw jhzow ikonymkgow { poy phyfgfy xvf pvfjfjkpvzhywf bw hvzczkgo hc, fc wv wfnvyhbfczf bh{oy gfyghch zfbpoyhl h lh goc}k}fcgkhgoc fl bhfwzyo, pfyo zhbikc poy wfy jf vch kczfypyfzhgkc bfcow gobplfah phyh flpykcgkpkhczf, woiyf zojo fczyfnhjo h wvw wolhw mvfyqhw# Mknvyh czfnyh lh pykbfyh phyzf, fljkwgvywo hvzoikonymkgo, pyfwgkcjkfcjo jf lh wfnvcjh, lhw phlhiyhw woiyf lh pfch, { lhzfygfyh, lh hlogvgkc jf jfwpfjkjh h low avfgfw"# Fc gvhczo h lh mklowomh jf Plhzc bkwbo,hvc yfjvgkfcjo fl fbpfo jf jhy vch bvfwzyh jf fllh hl jf jhy vch bvfwzyh bfyhbfczf jf

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

23/186

lh zfoyh jf lhw kjfhw fc lh moybh glwkgh fc xvf lh ftpocfc lhw oiyhw gfczyhlfw { bhfwzyhwjf lh hgzk}kjhj zojh mklowmkgh { lkzfyhykh jf Plhzc,Mfjc, Ihcxvfzf, Mfjyo, Yfpilkgh,phyh xvf fwzh bvfwzyh zv}kfwf vch gkfyzh plfckzvj jf wfczkjo, mvfyh bfcfwzfy xvf hihyghwfpoy lo bfcow low pykcgkphlfw phwhafw jf low jklonow hghihjow jf gkzhy fc xvf hphyfgfc lhwkjfhw# Df zfckjo xvf gocmoybhybf goc fczyfwhghy lh pnkch gvlbkchczf jf lh oiyh

bhfwzyh jf Plhzc, lh hygdkmhbowh hlfnoyh jf lh gh}fych, { goc klvwzyhylh h ihwf jflMfjc# Fc vch pvilkghgkc yfgkfczf $:9+dvif jf fwgykiky vc ghpzvlo xvf fw vc yfwvbfc jflh zfoyh jf lhw kjfhw fc flMfjc, dfgdo h ihwf jf lh zyhjvggkc jf lhw myhwfw jfl zftzo, wkcbw xvf lh obkwkc jf lhw kczfyghlhjhw bfcow kbpoyzhczfw o kckczfyfwhczfw, fczyf fllhwjfwjf lvfno lhw jf low kczfylogvzoyfw jf Wgyhzfw1 fwzf ghpzvlo fw yfpyojvgkjo hxv {wfnvyhbfczf klvwzyhy goc hvzfczkgkjhj hl lfgzoy hgfygh U::R jfl bvcjo kczflknkilf xvf lfbvfwzyh gobpockfcjo goc fl wfcwkilf fl vck}fywo zojo lh hlfnoyh jf lh gh}fych# Fcgvhczo h wzh bkwbh, jh kjfh jf lh kjfh o }kwkc jfl bvcjo jf Plhzc, jf lh mklowomh jfwzf gobo ^flzhcwgdhvvcn5 fc nfcfyhl, jf lo xvf fw gobo ^flzhcwgdhvvcnvch mklowomh#Phyh whify lo xvf lh mklowomh pvfjf wfy gobo hlno bw, gobo jkwgvywo yknvyowo jf lhyhqc, phyzkfcjo jf lh oiwfy}hgkc hnvjh jf low mfcbfcow jf lh ftpfykfcgkh, fczyh fl

lkiyo L$:7+

jf lh Bfzhmwkgh jf Hykwzzflfw czfnyo fc fwzh hczolonh# Hw fw gobo pvfjfwfy}ky wzh h jhy h gocogfy lh mklowomh { h fafygkzhy fc fllh goc lh }hykfjhj xvf h fllhbkwbh fw pyopkh# "Jf zojhw bhcfyhw fw fl }hwzo bvcjo jf lh oiyh plhzckgh fl xvf yfwvlzhyfmlfahjo goc bh{oy, wkcnvlhy pfcvykh fc fwzh hczolonh1 wk lh moyzvch jfl lkiyo hlghcqhwfvc jh lh wfnvcjh fjkgkc, wfyh hvbfczhjo fc fwzh phyzf plhzckgh goc wfcjowjogvbfczow cvf}ow { zhc kbpoyzhczfw hgfygh jf lh womwzkgh, jf Wgyhzfw { jf lh mklowomhplhzckgh" fl jkwgvywo jf Ghlkglfw fc fl Noynkhw, fl jf Hlgkikhjfw fc flIhcxvfzf {hlnvcow, wkxvkfyh, jf low hlvjkjow phwhafw woiyf lh zfoyh jf lhw kjfhw fc wv czfnyo zfcoylkzfyhl#

Lh mklowomh jf Hykwzzflfw gvlbkch fc wv Bfzhmwkgh {zkgh#

Lh Bfzhmwkgh fw vch oiyh fc xvf low pykbfyow fjkzoyfw jf lhw jf Hykwzzflfwhyzkgvlhyoc fwgykzow jfl mklwomo "{ xvkq hlnvco co jf l bkwbo, wkco jf wv fwgvflhkcbfjkhzh" jf jkwzkczhw fzhphw jf wv jfwhyyollo mklowmkgo "xvf zhbikc Hykwzzflfw lo zv}o"{ jf wv hgzk}kjhj lkzfyhykh, { jkwzkczo nyhjo { moybh jf yfjhggkc# Fl lkiyo L poy w woloyfpyfwfczhyh vch pykbfyh yfjhggkc jfl wkwzfbh bfzhmwkgo U:6R jf Hykwzzflfw, wvbhykhpfyo gobplfzh5 vc }fyjhjfyo, pvfw, wkwzfbh jf bfzhmwkgh kc cvgf $Ahfnfy"Wzfcqfl+ $::+#Lh bh{oyh jf low jfbw lkiyow, pykcgkphlbfczf low gfczyhlfw, vch wfnvcjh yfjhggkc, bwhbplkh, pfyo kcgobplfzh1 mhlzh chjh bfcow xvf lh jogzykch goc xvf gvlbkch lh zfoyh jf lhwvwzhcgkh h xvf wf yfjvgf fl wkwzfbh $}hwf fl gobkfcqo jfl lkiyo L fc fwzh hczolonh+, lhjogzykch jf lh wvwzhcgkh fzfych, kcb}kl, co wfcwkilf, lh jogzykch jf Jkow# Fl wkwzfbh copvfjf gobplfzhywf wkco bfjkhczf fl lkiyo L# Hw fw gobo lo gobplfzhyoc hxvfllowfjkzoyfw, wkzvhcjo fl lkiyo, h pfwhy jf wv pykbfyh bkzhj, h goczkcvhgkc jf low gfczyhlfw#Fwzh hczolonh yfpyojvgf fl lkiyo L czfnyo, pvfw co fw bfcowghio jf wv kczfnykjhj lhobkwkc jfl ghpzvlo 4, zftzo kczfypolhjo, jf vch fzhph powzfykoy, xvf goczyhjkgf {yfgzkmkgh lh jogzykch jfl lkiyo, lh wvbh, glwkgh f dkwzykghbfczf kcmlv{fczf jf Hykwzzflfw#Fwzh hczolonh jh goc fwzf lkiyo, poy zhczo, fl zftzo fc xvf gvlbkch lh mklowomh nykfnh {zojh lh hczknvh, vch jf lhw gvbiyfw bw hlzhw jf lh vck}fywhl fczfyh5 fl zftzo jf vchjogzykch mklowmkgh jf kcgobphyhilf yfpfygvwkc h lo lhyno jf zojhw lhw fjhjfw

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

24/186

wviwknvkfczfw fc lh dkwzoykh jf lh gvlzvyh oggkjfczhl { h lo hcgdo jf zojh fwzh gvlzvyh, cojfczyo jf lh mklowomh wolh# Gkfyzo, fl zftzo fw jkmgkl, woiyf zojo lh pykbfyh bkzhj, lowghpzvlow 8 h 6# Fl fwzvjkhczf cfgfwkzhy phyzkgvlhybfczf jfl pyomfwoy, fl lfgzoy cfmkzo jflh h{vjh jf low bfjkow xvf pocfc h wv jkwpowkgkc oiyhw gobo lhw gkzhjhw fc lhIkilkonyhmh hl mkchl jf fwzhKczyojvggkc# Pfyo fl fwmvfyqo wf ftpfykbfczhy

yfgobpfcwhjo#Hl lkiyo L pyfgfjfc low jow pykbfyow ghpzvlow jf zojh lh Bfzhmwkgh { fl pykcgkpko jfl

zfygfyo# Fc low jow pykbfyow, pylono h lh oiyh, goc vckjhj lkzfyhykh { jf wfczkjo, U:=Rftpocf Hykwzzflfw wv kjfh jf lh mklowomh "fw jfgky, zkfcf wv ftpyfwkc lh gocgkfcgkh xvf lhmklowomh nykfnh llfn h zfcfy jf w bkwbh jfmkckzk}hbfczf { dh wkjo jfgkwk}h phyh zojh lhoggkjfczhl# Fl pykcgkpko jfl ghpzvlo zfygfyo gobplfzh low jhzow f kczfypyfzhgkc jf lowoynfcfw jf lh mklowomh jf low jow pykbfyow goc jhzow bw pyfgkwow { bv{ kczfyfwhczfw#

Jf zojh lhzkgh jf Hykwzzflfw bf phyfgf fl zyoqo bw kbpoyzhczf fl xvf gkfyyh lhhczolonh, low ghpzvlow jfl lkiyo KK xvf ftpocfc lh glwkgh zfoyh jf lh }kyzvj gobo vchpowkgkc kczfybfjkh fczyf jow ftzyfbow, vco poy ftgfwo { ozyo poy jfmfgzo, lh llhbhjh

jogzykch jfl zybkco bfjko# Fwzh zfoyh co wlo jh fl plhc jf lh phyzf gfczyhl { bw hbplkhjf zojh lhzkgh, gobo zfoyh zkgh mvcjhbfczhl5 wvbkckwzyh vc hczfgfjfczf glwkgo jf lhwknckmkghgkc xvf dh }fckjo h zfcfy lh zkgh goc hyyfnlo h lh mklowomh bw yfgkfczf $:6+#Woiyf lh ihwf jf vch jogzykch jfl dobiyf fc xvf zkgh { hczyopolonh wf kjfczkmkghc, fwvch oczolonh { bfzhmwkgh fwzh mklowomh# Lh zfoyh hykwzozlkgh jf lh }kyzvj gobo powkgkckczfybfjkh co fw lh jogzykch gocgfyckfczf h vc gocgfpzo boyhl, zojo lo kbpoyzhczf xvf wfxvkfyh, fl jf }kyzvj5 fw zojh vch jogzykch jf lh chzvyhlfqh dvbhch# Lh hyfz nykfnh co fwcvfwzyh }kyzvj# Fw lh pfymfggkc { plfckzvj jf lhw pozfcgkhw gocwzkzvzk}hw jf vchchzvyhlfqh, gobo lh jf low oaow o lh jfl ghihllo, fc vc wfczkjo hmc hl jf lh }kyzvw lhzkch,xvf wf gocwfy}h phygkhlbfczf "wlo" fc ftpyfwkocfw fwpholhw gobo fc }kyzvj jf# [ fwfbkcfczfbfczf lh pfymfggkc { plfckzvj jf lh chzvyhlfqh dvbhch# Xvf fwzh pfymfggkc {plfckzvj gocwkwzh U:>R fc vc gobplfao jf powkgkocfw kczfybfjkhw fczyf vch plvyhlkjhj jfphyfahw jf ftzyfbow opvfwzow, xvkfyf jfgky xvf fl dobiyf fw fl fczf h xvkfc fw pyk}hzk}hfwzh chzvyhlfqh gocwzkzvkjh kczycwfghbfczf poy ftzyfbow { goczyhykow, zfcwkc {owgklhgkc fczyf fllow, jfwgfczyhgkc { gocgfczyhgkc fc zoyco h lhw powkgkocfwkczfybfjkhw1 chzvyhlfqh ftzyfbowh f kczfybfjkhykh### "Fc lh zyhjvggkc jfl jkwgvywo jfPyoznoyhw df kcjkghjo fczyf phyczfwkw lh pyonyfwkc ikfc pfygfpzkilf jf low wfczkjow jflzybkco hyfz, hl xvf co wf pvfjf bfcow jf jhy lh zyhjvggkc zyhjkgkochl jf }kyzvj# ]hwfzhbikc lhHpolonh, fc fwzh hczolonh#

H low zftzow jf xvf df zyhzhjo dhwzh hxv df hczfpvfwzo gvhzyo gocgfyckfczfw opfyzfcfgkfczfw h low oynfcfw jf lh mklowomh, jf hgvfyjo goc lhw kjfhw hgfygh jf lh

kbpoyzhcgkh jf fwzow oynfcfw hpvczhjhw fc phwhaf hczfykoy#

Fl pykbfyo jf fwzow zftzow fw vco fc xvf Gkgfyc dhgf vc flogvfczf yfwvbfc jf lhdkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh jfwjf wvw oynfcfw { low jf wv cobiyf dhwzh lhw fwgvflhw wogyzkghw"oynfcfw jf lhw powzhykwzozlkghw { goc fllhw jfl yfwzo jf lh mklowomh hczknvh# Fl cglfo jflzftzo fw lh zyhjkgkc bw mhbowh hgfygh jfl oyknfc jfl zybkco mklowomh, vch zyhjkgkcxvf wf yfboczhih poy lo bfcow hl plhzckgo Dfyglkjfw jfl Poczo { xvf fl lfgzoy jfifgocmyoczhy goc low pykbfyow ghpzvlow jf lh Bfzhmwkgh hykwzozlkgh#

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

25/186

Fl zftzo jf Dfyojozo kcwfyzo h goczkcvhgkc jfl gkgfyockhco fcgkfyyh fl phwhaf fc xvfwf fcgvfczyh poy pykbfyh }fq, jfczyo jf lh lkzfyhzvyh vck}fywhl gocwfy}hjh dhwzh cowozyow,vc zybkco jf lh mhbklkh jfl zybkco mklowomh, vch moybh jfl }fyio mklowomhy# Flgoczftzo wvnkfyf ikfc lh wknckmkghgkc jf lh whikjvyh fc xvf zv}o wv oyknfc lh U:4Rmklowomh goc hyyfnlo h lh kczfypyfzhgkc xvf low nykfnow dkgkfyoc jf hbihw { fw zyhjkgkochl

jfwjf fllow# Zftzo h gocmyoczhy zhbikc goc low pykbfyow ghpzvlow jf lh Bfzhmwkgh# Fc lhzyhjvggkc df pyogvyhjo xvf fl lfgzoy pvfjh dhgfywf ghyno poy w bkwbo jf lowpfyzkcfczfw bhzkgfw wfbczkgow#

Wknvfc low jow pykbfyow myhnbfczow gocwfy}hjow jf lh mklowomh oggkjfczhl# Gobopvfjf }fy fl lfgzoy fc fl pykcgkpko jfl ghpzvlo 7 jfl lkiyo H jf lh Bfzhmwkgh jfHykwzzflfw, low hczknvow zfchc poy fl pykbfy mklwomo h Zhlfw jf Bklfzo# Pfyo wzf cofwgykik chjh "fw goc bvgdo lo bw pyoihilf" o jf wvw fwgykzow co gocogh chjh {hHykwzzflfw# Wv gocgkvjhjhco { jkwgpvlo Hchtkbhcjyo mvf fl pykbfyo xvf fwgykik vchoiyh jf mklowomh# [ fwgykzoy mvf hwkbkwbo fl jkwgpvlo jf Hchtkbhcjyo { zhbikcgkvjhjhco jf Bklfzo, Hchtbfcfw# Pfyo jf lhw oiyhw jf hbiow co cow dhc gocwfy}hjo lowhczknvow bw xvf vc wolo { iyf}f myhnbfczo jf ghjh vco, ikfc xvf ftpyfwk}ow hbiow jflcglfo bkwbo jf lh goyyfwpocjkfczf jogzykch# Df kcglvkjo fc lh hczolonh fwzhw jow}fcfyhilfw yflkxvkhw jf low oynfcfw jf lh mklowomh, yojfhjhw jfl goczftzo xvf lhw gkzh {xvf goczykiv{f h ftplkghylhw#

Low zftzow fwzc yfpyojvgkjow fc nfcfyhl wkc goyzfw kczfycow# Fc fl jf Gkgfyc { fc fljf lhzkgh jf Hykwzzflfw df wvpykbkjo lhw myhwfw, poghw { iyf}fw, xvf yfbkzfc h ozyowlvnhyfw jf lh oiyh { hlnvch hclonh# Hl jf lh hlfnoyh jf lh gh}fych df hhjkjo jow zyoqowpogo powzfykoyfw xvf klvbkchc woiyfbhcfyh fl goczoyco polzkgo jf lh ^flzhcwgdhvvcnplhzckgh#

Lh zozhlkjhj gobpocf vc gocavczo gocwkjfyhilf jf zftzow mklowmkgow jf pykbfy oyjfc,

wvmkgkfczf phyh jhyU:;R kjfh jf lh mklowomh { moybhy fc fllh goc hvzfczkgkjhj { wfykfjhjzhlfw, xvf xvkfc low hioyjf gobo pykcgkpkhczf, hl llfnhy hl ghio jf wv fwzvjko, dhiyjfahjo jf wfylo fc ivfch bfjkjh# U68R

IkilkonyhmhXvkfc xvkfyh vc lkiyo fc fwphol phyh kckgkhywf fc lh dkwzoykh jf lh mklowomh nykfnh,

jfif pyfmfyky1

8# L# Yoikc1Fl pfcwhbkfczo nykfno $Zyhj# jf A# Tkyhv+#

Xvkfc xvkfyh oykfczhywf fc lh ikilkonyhmh, goc hyyfnlo hl fwzhjo jf lh kc}fwzknhgkcdkwzykgo" mklowmkgh1

9# ^# ^kcjflihcj"D# Dfkbwofzd1Lfdyivgd jfy Nfwgdkgdzf jfy Pdklowopdkf $87 fj#, 8;76+# $Zyhj#fwpholh fc pyfphyhgkc phyh lh Fjkzoykhl Lowhjh, Ivfcow Hkyfw, Hynfczkch#+

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

26/186

Lhw ftpowkgkocfw bw kbpoyzhczfw jf lh mklowomh nykfnh, jfwjf vc pvczo jf }kwzh bwyfgkfczf, woc1

7# A# Wzfcqfl1 Bfzhpd{wke jfw Hlzfykvbw

{ fc gocftkc goc zojh lh gvlzvyh nykfnh1

:# ^# Ahfnfy1Phkjfkh $Vc pykbfy zobo wolhbfczf dhwzh hdoyh+#

6# $Zyhj# kcnlfwh jf Nklifyz Dkndfz# Otmoyj, 8;7;# [ fwpholh fc pyfphyhgkc phyh flMocjo jf GvlzvyhFgocbkgh jf Btkgo, poy A# Tkyhv#+

Hbplkh wflfggkc jf low zftzow oyknkchlfw jf low mklwomow, iknyhmow { jotnyhmowhczknvow, goc cozhw, ckgh dhwzh hdoyh1

=# D# Ykzzfy"L# Pyfllfy1Dkwzoykh pdklowopdkhf nyhfghf $80 fj#, 8;7:+#

Low myhnbfczow jf low pyfwogyzkgow { low zftzow jf low U69Riknyhmow { jotnyhmow

hczknvow yfmfyfczfw h fllow fwzc fjkzhjow goc zyhjvggkc jf low pykbfyow, fc1 ># D# Jkflw1Jkf Myhnbfczf jfy ]oywoeyhzkefy$lzkbh fj#, poy ^# Eyhcq, 8;7:+#

Lh oiyh bw kbpoyzhczf woiyf low pyfwogyzkgow, goczfckfcjo lh zyhjvggkc jf wvwmyhnbfczow { jf low pykcgkphlfw zftzow jotonymkgow yfmfyfczfw h fllow { fwgykzh fc vcfwzklo xvf lh dhgf hwfxvkilf hl cfmkzo1

4# A# Ivycfz1Fhyl{ nyffe pdklowopd{#

;# $Zyhj# myhcgfwh poy H# Yf{bocj goc fl zzvloL.hvyoyf jf lh pdklowopdkf nyfgxvf#+

Gobo fjkgkc jf Plhzc pvfjf vzklkqhywf1

l0# Lh jf lh Gollfgzkoc jfw Vck}fywkzw jf Myhcgf $Gollfgzkoc Ivj+, $Goc zyhjvggkc, kczyojvggkc {cozhw#+

88# Lh zyhjvggkc jf lhCvf}h Ikilkozfgh Mklowmkgh $Fwphwh"Ghlpf+ fw lh fwpholh bw yfgkfczf, hvcxvf,poy hdoyh, co wf pvfjf jfahy jf pyfmfyky fc nfcfyhl lhw dfgdhw fc ozyhw lfcnvhw#

Fl lkiyo jf gocavczo woiyf Plhzc, jfwjf vc pvczo jf }kwzh bw yfgkfczf, fw1

89# A# Wzfcqfl1Plhzoc jfy Fyqkfdfy

Lh Bfzhmwkgh jf Hykwzzflfw fwz fjkzhjh poy1

87# ^# J# Yoww $goc kczyojvggkc { gobfczhyko+#8:# LhIkilkozfgh Zfvicfykhch#

Lhzkgh,poy1

86# LhIkilkozfgh Zfvicfykhch#

8=# LhIkilkozfgh Otockfcwf#

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

27/186

Zyhjvggkocfw jf lh Bfzhmwkghpoy1

8># A# Zykgoz $myhcgfwh, goc cozhw+#

84# H# Ghylkck $kzhlkhch, goc cozhw+#

8;# M# Nhllhgd Phlw $Cvf}h Ikilkozfgh Mklowmkgh, fwpholh+#U67RJf lhzkgh,poy1

90# A# Wovkld { N# Nyvgdoc $Myhcgfwh, Lkiyow K { KK, goc gobfczhyko, fc lowHygdk}fw jf Pdklowopdkf,]ol# ]KK,gvhjfyco K, 8;9;#+

98# M# Nhllhgd Phlw $Cvf}h Ikilkozfgh Mklowmkgh, fwpholh+

Woiyf Hykwzzflfw1

99# ^# J# Yoww1Hykwzozlf

97# $Zyhj# myhcgfwh+

Pfyo woiyf zojo1

9:# ^# Ahfnfy1Hykwzozflfw

96# $Zyhj# kzhlkhch+

Lh pyfwfczf hczolonh fwzhih fc pyfphyhgkc fc Fwphh hl fwzhllhy lh nvfyyh gk}kl# Fwzhihc dfgdhw {h lhwzyhjvggkocfw jf low myhnbfczow jf Hchtkbhcjyo, Hchtbfcfw, Dfyglkzo { Phybckjfw, lhHpolonh { lowghpzvlow 8, 9 { 7 jfl lkiyo H { fl lkiyo L jf lh Bfzhmwkgh,pfyo goc ftgfpgkc jf lh jf fwzf lkiyo xvfjhyoc

fc Bhjykj# Phyh yf}kwhy lh jf fwzf lkiyo, yfdhgfy lhw ozyhw { gocglvky lh oiyh zhl gobo wf jh h lvq, df pojkjovzklkqhy wlo lhw pvilkghgkocfw wfhlhjhw goc low cbfyow 9, =, ;, 80, 8:, 8=, 8> { 90 "fwzh lzkbh nyhgkhw hlh hbkwzhj jfl Pyom# J# Hczocko Nbfq Yoilfjo, h xvkfc xvkfyo ftpyfwhy hxv bk hnyhjfgkbkfczo" bw lhwfjkgkocfw jfl lkiyo K jf Dfyojozo { jf lhw Gvfwzkocfw Zvwgvlhchw fc lh Gollfgzkoc Ivj1poy wvwwvnfwzkocfw hgfygh jf lh zyhjvggkc jfl zftzo zobhjo h fwzhw lzkbhw, jfio ftpyfwhy bk hnyhjfgkbkfczozhbikc h bk gobphfyo jf Bhjykj fl Pyom# J# Hnvwzc Bkllhyfw#

Gobo Ykzzfy"Pyfllfy $=+ co zyhf zojow low myhnbfczow jf Dfyglkzo { Phybckjfw, jf low pogow, { bfcowkbpoyzhczfw, xvf co zyhf "{ woc low wfhlhjow goc hwzfykwgo" df zyhjvgkjo lh }fywkc xvf wf fcgvfczyh fcIvycfz $;+, jkyknkcjobf, fc pvczow, poy bk zyhjvggkc jkyfgzh jf lh bh{oyh jf fllow# Low cbfyow jf lowmyhnbfczow jf Dfyglkzo xvf wf fcgoczyhyc wfnvkjow jf pvczow wvwpfcwk}ow wolhbfczf, goyyfwpocjfc h}hgow jf hbihw oiyhw# U66R

HpcjkgfGobo vch oykfczhgkc hl pyopko zkfbpo hgfygh jf lhw ftplkghgkocfw xvf ivwghy o jhy

fc lh jf lh mklowomh nykfnh poy zojh lh gvlzvyh nykfnh, o fc lh dkwzoykh jf lh gvlzvyh nykfnhgoc lh mklowomh fc pykbfy plhco, { hgfygh jf lhw mvfczfw h xvf yfgvyyky phyh fwzhw

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

28/186

ftplkghgkocfw, yfpyojvqgo h goczkcvhgkc fl pyonyhbh jfl gvywo h xvf hlvjf lhjfjkghzoykh jf fwzh hczolonh, goc hlnvchw kcjkghgkocfw ikilkonymkghw, gobplfbfczhykhwjf lhw jhjhw fc lhIkilkonyhmh hczfykoy#

LH MKLOWOMH NYKFNH

LOW OYNFCFW JF LOW NCFYOW LKZFYHYKOW [ JF LHW GKFCGKHW FC LHHCZKNFJHJ GLWKGH

LOW OYNFCFW JF LH MKLOWOMH

Fl bvcjo jf Dfyojozo# $Dfyojozo# Zyhjvggkc fc low Glhwwkxvfw Nhyckfy# Fwpholhfc lhIkilkozfgh Glwkgh jf Dfychcjo, Bhjykj#+

Lh pofwh fc fl bvcjo jf Dfyojozo# $Low lykgow nykfnow# Zyhjvggkc jf low bwkczfyfwhczfw fc yflhgkc goc lh mklowomh, fc fl }olvbfcPozfw boyhlkwzfw jf lh Nygf jflow Glhwwkxvfw Nhyckfy# Dh{ xvf hhjky Dobfyo#+

Dkwzoykh { Mklowomh# $Woiyf fl wfczkjo jf fwzf hphyfhbkfczo gm# low hyzgvlow { fl}olvbfc bow gkzhjow fc lhw cozhw h lh Kczyojvggkc#+

Low pyfjfgfwoyfw jf Dfyglkzo#

Low myhnbfczow jf Dfyglkzo#

Lh mklowomh fc Dfyglkzo#

Fl pofbh jf Phybckjfw# U6=R

Lh mklowomh fc Phybckjfw#

Lh wvgfwkc jf Phybckjfw#

Pkznoyhw { lh lknh pkzhnykgh#

Bhzfbzkgh { hgvwbzkgh# $Phyh lh bhzfbzkgh nykfnh, M# Fcykxvfw, Nlk Flfbfczkj.Fvglkjf f lh gykzkgh hczkgh f bojfych#+

Lh }kjh zfoyzkgh#

LH MKLOWOMH FC PLHZC [ FC HYKWZZFLFW

Fl bvcjo jf Zvgjkjfw# $Zvgjkjfw# Zyhjvggkc fc lhw bkwbhw golfggkocfw xvfDfyojozo#+

Yfzykgh { Polzkgh# $Zvgjkjfw# Low oyhjoyfw zkgow, zyhjvggkocfw fc lh GollfgzkocIvj# Hykwzzflfw,Yfzykgh, zyhjvggkc fc lh Gollfgzkoc Ivj jf low jow pykbfyow lkiyow

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

29/186

wolhbfczf dhwzh hdoyh5Polzkgh, zyhjvggkc fc low Glhwwkxvfw Nhyckfy5 fwpholh glwkghjf Wkbc Hiykl#+

Lh Dkwzoykh fc Zvgjkjfw#

Lh womwzkgh fc Plhzc# $Pyoznoyhw, Noynkhw, Dkppkhw Bfcoy { Bh{oy, Fvzkjfbo,

Zffzfzfw, Womkwzh#+

Ghlkglfw, lh mklowomh { lh womwzkgh $Noynkhw+#

Lh wknckmkghgkc jf lh womwzkgh#

Wgyhzfw wfnc Hlgkikhjfw $Ihcxvfzf# Gm# Plvzhygo, ]kjhw phyhlflhw, zyhj# fc lhGolfggkc Vck}fywhl Ghlpf { fc Lhw Gkfc Oiyhw Bhfwzyhw jf lh Lkzfyhzvyh { jflPfcwhbkfczo Vck}fywhljf lh Fjkzoykhl Lowhjh,Hlgkikhjfw#+

Wgyhzfw wfnc wv hpolonh $Hpolonh+#

Wgyhzfw wfnc wv bvfyzf $Mfjc+#Plhzc1 lh yfbkckwgfcgkh jf lh nfobfzyh $Bfcc+5

lhw kjfhw { fl hlbh5 lhw kjfhw { fl fyow $Mfjc, Mfjyo, Ihcxvfzf+5

lh gh}fych5

lhw kjfhw { lhpolkw $Yfpilkgh+5

W{yhgvwhch1 Plhzc { low Jkockwkow $Plhzc, Ghyzh ># Gm# Plvzhygo, ]kjhw phyhlflhw,Jkc+5

lh moybh jf ftpyfwkc jf lh mklowomh $Mfjyo, Ghyzh >+#

Hykwzzflfw# Bfzhmwkgh# Lkiyo L# Ghpzvlo K#

Ghpzvlow KK h ]K5 U6>R

Ghpzvlo ]KK1 fl hboy5

lh }kjh { lh goczfbplhgkc1 lh ifhzkzvj#

Ghpzvlow KT { T#

Lkiyo H# Ghpzvlow 8 h 7, pykcgkpko#

Lh jogzykch jfl zybkco bfjko#

Fl zfhzyo { lh mklowomh1 Hchtnoyhw, lh womwzkgh { Fvypkjfw# $Zyhj# jf Fvypkjfw fc lhGollfglkoc Ivj { fcLhw Oiyhw Bhfwzyhw jf lh Lkzfyhzvyh Vck}fywhljf lh FjkzoykhlPyobfzfo jf ]hlfcgkh+5

8/6/2019 Antologa de Filosofa Griega

30/186

Wgyhzfw { Hykwzmhcfw# $Zyhj# jf Hykwzmhcfw fc lhw bkwbhw golfggkocfw xvfFvypkjfw+5

gobfjkh, zyhnfjkh { mklowomh fc flIhcxvfzf5

lh zyhnfjkh wfnc Hykwzzflfw# $Hykwzzflfw# Pozkgh# Zyhj# fc lh Gollfgzkoc Ivj#+

Lh kjfh { fl hyzf nykfno# $Woiyf fl hyzf nykfno, H# }oc Whlkw,Fl hyzf jf low nykfnow,zyhj# jf B# Bhcqhchyfw,Ikilkozfgh jf lh Yf}kwzh jf Oggkjfczf#+ U6;R

LOW OYNFCFW JF LH MKLOWOMH

U=8R

ZftzowU=7R

Gkgfyc

Xvkc cfnhy xvf lh whikjvyh co wlo fc yfhlkjhj fw hczknvh, wkco zhbikc poy wvcobiyf? Xvf poy fl gocogkbkfczo jf lhw gowhw jk}kchw { dvbhchw, { poy fl jf lowpykcgkpkow { lhw ghvwhw jf zojhw lhw gowhw, gocwfnvh fwzf ifllwkbo cobiyf fczyf lowhczknvow# [ hw, low wkfzf gocwkjfyhjow { llhbhjow poy low nykfnow wopdk, whikow poycowozyow, { bvgdow wknlow hczfw Lkgvyno, jf gv{o goczfbpoycfo, Dobfyo, wf jkgfkcglvwo xvf mvf hczfykoy h lh mvcjhgkc jf fwzh gkvjhj jf Yobh, { {h fc low zkfbpowdfyokgow Vlkwfw { Cwzoy, dfbow ojo xvf mvfyoc whikow { xvf mvfyoc gocwkjfyhjow zhlfw#[ ck wf jkyh jf Hzlhw xvf wowzkfcf fl gkflo, ck jf Pyobfzfo xvf fwz fcghjfchjo hlGvghwo, ck xvf fwz goc}fyzkjo fc fwzyfllh, jf Gfmfo, goc wv bvafy, {fyco f dkah, wk vcjk}kco gocogkbkfczo jf lhw gowhw gflfwzfw co dvikfyh zyhwbkzkjo wvw cobiyfw hl ftzyh}ojf lh mivlh# Pvfw ikfc, h kbkzhgkc { goczkcvhgkc jf wzow, zojow low xvf pochc wvwhmhcfw fc lh goczfbplhgkc jf lhw gowhw fyhc gocwkjfyhjow { llhbhjow whikow, { fwzf wvcobiyf jvy