APUNTES de INGLES

APUNTES de INGLESPronombres

Pronombres NominativosPronombresAcusativosPronombresReflexivosAdjetivosPosesivosPronombresPosesivos

IMemyselfmymine

youYouyourselfyouryours

heHimhimselfhishis

sheHerherselfherhers

itItitselfits-----

weUsourselvesourours

youYouyourselvesyouryours

theythemthemselvestheirtheirs

Pronombres Indefinidos

Everybodynobodysomebodyanybody

Everyoneno onesomeoneanyone

Everythingnothingsomethinganything

Pronombres Relativos

whowhichthatwhomwhose

Determiners

The Definite ArticleThe DemonstrativesThe Quantifiers& Others

The Indefinite ArticleThe PossessivesThe Numbers

The Definite Article:The(de / di)el, la, lo, los, las.

The boy -el nioThe box -la caja

The boys -los niosThe boxes -las cajas

The girl -la niaThe beach -la playa

The girls -las niasThe beaches -las playas

The bus -el autobsThe person -la persona

The buses -los autobusesThe people -las personas

The man -el hombreThe factory -la fbrica

The men-los hombresThe factories -las fbricas

The woman -la mujerThe foot -el pie

The women -las mujeresThe feet -los pies

Questions

WH - QuestionsYES/NO - QuestionsTAG QuestionsEMBEDDED

WH - QUESTIONS

What ? -Qu? Cul? Cules?How often ? -Con qu frecuencia?

What else? -Qu ms?How long ? -Cunto tiempo? Qu longitud?

Which ? -Qu? Cul? Cules?How long ago? -Hace cunto tiempo?

How ? -Cmo? Cun?How old ? -Qu edad? Cun viejo?

How else ? -De qu otra manera?How soon ? -Cun pronto?

When ? -Cundo?How big ? -Qu tamao? Cun grande?

Where ? -Dnde? Adnde?How far ? -A qu distancia? Cun lejos?

Where else ? -Dnde ms?How tall ? -Qu estatura? Cun alto?

Why ? -Por qu? Para qu?How deep ? -Qu profundidad?

Who ? -Quin? Quienes?How early ? -Cun temprano?

Who else? -Quin ms?How late ? -Cun tarde?

Whom ? -A quin? A quines?How heavy ? -Qu peso? Cun pesado?

Whose ? -De quin? De quines?How thick ? -Qu espesor? Cun grueso?

How much ? -Cunto/a?What time ? -Qu hora? A qu hora?

How many ? -Cuntos/as?What kind ? -Qu clase ? Qu tipo?

Tiempos Verbales

Simple TensesProgressive Tenses

(1) PresentWhat happens?(4) Past PerfectWhat had happened?(7) ConditionalWhat would happen?

(2) PastWhat happened?(5) FutureWhat will happen?(8) Past ConditionalWhat would have happened?

(3) Present PerfectWhat has happened?(6) Future PerfectWhat will have happened?(9) Modal VerbsWhat (can, could...) happen?

What happens ?----------- Qu pasaAffirmative--------Subject + V1V1V2V3

I go to the office-Voy a la oficinagowentgone

You come from Brazil-Tu vienes de Brasilcomecamecome

She buys everything-Ella compra todobuyboughtbought

They live in Chicago-Ellos viven en Chicagolivelivedlived

We work here-Nosotros trabajamos aquworkworkedworked

Negative----------Subject + don't/doesn't + V1

I don't sell anything-No vendo nadasellsoldsold

You don't do that work-T no haces ese trabajododiddone

He doesn't give the orders-l no da las rdenesgivegavegiven

She doesn't visit anybody-Ella no visita a nadievisitvisitedvisited

They don't travel anywhere-Ellos no viajan a ninguna partetraveltraveledtraveled

Interrogative-----Do/does + subject + V1 ?

Do I bring the beer ?- Traigo la cerveza ?bringbroughtbrought

Do you take the books ?- Llevs los libros ?taketooktaken

What does he say ?- Qu dice l ?saysaidsaid

Does she accept presents ? Acepta ella regalos ?acceptacceptedaccepted

Do they believe in God ? Creen ellos en Dios ?believebelievedbelieved

Simple Present: To goAffirmativeNegativeInterrogative

I goI don't goDo I go ?

You goYou don't goDo you go ?

He goesHe doesn't goDoes he go ?

She goesShe doesn't goDoes she go ?

It goesIt doesn't goDoes it go ?

We goWe don't goDo we go ?

You goYou don't goDo you go ?

They goThey don't goDo they go ?

To Be:ser o estarTo Have:haber o tener

VerboTo BeVerboTo Have

TIEMPOSForma AfirmativaForma NegativaForma Interrogativa

PresentIama farmerIhavea farm

PastYouaretiredYouhaveto rest

Present PerfectHe/ She/ ItissickHe/ She / Ithasfever

Past PerfectWearemusiciansWehaveinstruments

Future (will)YouareshoutingYouhaveto shut up

Fut (be+going to)TheyarerichTheyhavemoney

Future PerfectTraduccin

ConditionalSoy un granjeroTengo una granja

Past ConditionalEsts cansadoTens que descansar

(//) Est enfermo(//) Tiene fiebre

Somos msicosTenemos instrumentos

(Uds) estn gritando(Uds) tienen que callarse

Son ricosTienen dinero

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

abide(abid)abode(abud)abode(abud)soportar

arise(aris)arose(arus)arisen(arsen)sublevarse subir

awake(auik)awoke(auuk)awoke(auuk)despertarse

be am/are/iswas/were(us/ur)been(bin)ser o estar

beat(bit)beat(bit)beaten(bten)golpear

become(bicm)became(bikim)become(bicm)convertise en

begin(bigun)began(bign)begun(bign)comenzar

bend(bend)bent(bent)bent(bent)doblar

bet(bet)bet(bet)bet(bet)apostar

bind(bind)

Verbos Irregulares

(1)(2)( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

bite(bit)bit(bit)bitten(bten)morder

bleed(blid)bled(bled)bled(bled)sangrar

blow(blu)blew(blu)blown(blun)soplar

break(brik)broke(bruk)broken(bruken)romper

breed(brid)bred(bred)bred(bred)criar

bring(bring)brought(brot)brought(brot)traer

build(bild)built(bilt)built(bilt)construir

buy(bi)bought(bot)bought(bot)comprar

catch(ctch)caught(cot)caught(cot)agarrar, coger

choose(chus)chose(chus)chosen(chusen)elegir

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )(3)( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

come(cam)came(kim)come(cam)venir

creep(crip)crept(crpt)crept(crpt)arrastrarse

deal(dil)dealt(delt)dealt(delt)tratar

dig(dig)dug(dag)dug(dag)cavar

do(du)did(did)done(doon)hacer

draw(dro)drew(dru)drawn(droon)dibujar, atraer

drink(drink)drank(draank)drunk(drank)beber

drive(driv)drove(druv)driven(drven)conducir

eat(it)ate(it)eaten(ten)comer

fall(fol)fell(fel)fallen(flen)caer

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )(4)( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

feed(fid)fed(fed)fed(fed)dar de comer

feel(fil)felt(felt)felt(felt)sentir

fight(fit)fought(fot)fought(fot)pelear

find(find)found(fund)found(fund)encontrar, hallar

flee(fli)fled(fled)fled(fled)huir de

fling(fling)flung(flang)flung(flang)arrojar

fly(fli)flew(flu)flown(flun)volar

forget(forgut)forgot(forgt)forgotten(forgten)olvidar

freeze(fris)froze(frus)frozen(frusen)congelar

get(gut)got(got)got(ten)(gten)conseguir

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )(5)( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

give(guv)gave(guiv)given(guven)dar

go(gu)went(unt)gone(gn)ir

grind(grind)ground(grund)ground(grund)moler

grow(gru)grew(gru)grown(grun)crecer

hang(jang)hung(jaang)hung(jaang)colgar

have(jav)had(jad)had(jad)tener

hide(jid)hid(jid)hidden(jden)esconder

hit(jit)hit(jit)hit(jit)golpear

hold(juld)held(jeld)held(jeld)sostener asir

keep(kip)kept(kept)kept(kept)guardar, mantener

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )(6)( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

kneel(nil)knelt(nelt)knelt(nelt)arrodillarse

know(nu)knew(ni)known(nun)saber, conocer

lead(lid)led(led)led(led)guiar

leave(liv)left(left)left(left)dejar irse

lend(lend)lent(lent)lent(lent)prestar

lose(lus)lost(lost)lost(lost)perder

make(mik)made(mid)made(mid)hacer

mean(min)meant(ment)meant(ment)significar

meet(mit)met(met)met(met)encontrarse con

pay(pi)paid(pid)paid(pid)pagar

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )(7)( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

put(put)put(put)put(put)poner

read(rid)read(red)read(red)leer

ride(rid)rode(rud)ridden(rden)montar, andar en

ring(ring)rang(raang)rung(rang)sonar

run(ran)ran(raan)run(ran)correr

say(si)said(sed)said(sed)decir

see(si)saw(so)seen(sin)ver

seek(sik)sought(sot)sought(sot)buscar

sell(sel)sold(suld)sold(suld)vender

shake(shik)shook(shuk)shaken(shiken)sacudir

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )(8)( 9 )( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

shine(shin)shone(shun)shone(shun)brillar

shoot(sht)shot(sht)shot(shot)disparar

show(shu)showed(shud)shown(shun)mostrar

shrink(shrink)shrank(shraank)shrunk(shrank)encogerse

sing(sing)sang(sang)sung(saang)cantar

sink(sink)sank(saank)sunk(sank)hundir

sit(sit)sat(sat)sat(sat)sentarse

slay(sli)slew(slu)slain(slin)matar

sleep(slip)slept(slept)slept(slept)dormir

slide(slid)slid(slid)slid(slid)deslizarse

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )(9)( 10 )( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

sling(sling)slung(slang)slung(slaang)tirar arrojar

speak(spik)spoke(spuk)spoken(spuken)hablar

spend(spend)spent(spent)spent(spent)gastar

spin(spin)spun(span)spun(span)hilardar vueltas

stand(stand)stood(std)stood(std)ponerse (estar) de pie

steal(stil)stole(stul)stolen(stulen)robar

stick(stik)stuck(stak)stuck(stak)pegar(con cola), meter

sting(sting)stung(stang)stung(stang)picar pinchar

strike(strik)struck(strak)struck(strak)golpear pegar

strive(striv)strove(struv)striven(strven)esforzarse

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )(10)( 11 )

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

swear(sur)swore(sur)sworn(surn)jurar

sweep(suip)swept(supt)swept(supt)barrer

swell(sul)swelled(suld)swollen(sulen)hinchar

swim(sum)swam(suam)swum(sum)nadar

take(tik)took(tk)taken(tiken)llevar tomar

teach(tich)taught(tot)taught(tot)ensear

tear(ter)tore(tor)torn(torn)desgarrar

tell(tel)told(tuld)told(tuld)decir

think(zink)thought(zot)thought(zot)pensar

thrive(zriv)throve(zruv)thriven(zrven)prosperar

Verbos Irregulares

(1)( 2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )( 9 )( 10 )(11)

Simple PresentSimple PastPast ParticipleMeanings

throw(zru)threw(zru)thrown(zrun)arrojar

tread(tred)trod(trod)trodden(trden)pisar

understand(-stand)understood(-std)understood(-std)entender

wear(wer)wore(wor)worn(worn)usar (ropa)

weave(wv)wove(wov)woven(wven)tejer

weep(wip)wept(wpt)wept(wpt)llorar

win(win)won(won)won(won)ganar

wind(wind)wound(wund)wound(wund)enrollar

wring(ring)wrung(rang)wrung(rang)estrujar

write(rit)wrote(rut)written(rten)escribir

Verbos Modales

CanMayWillShallMust

CouldMightWouldShouldOught to

p.ej.I can: (puedo/s)

Affirmative:canNegative:can't / cannotInterrogativeCan ...?

I can drivePuedo/s conducirI cannot readNo puedo/s leerCan you speak Spanish?Pods/sabs hablar espaol?

You can play chessT puedes/sabes jugar al ajedrezYou can't say thatNo puedes decir esoCan you play chess?Pods/Sabs jugar al ajedrez?

He can go if he wantsl puede ir si quiereHe can't finish this nowl no puede terminar esto ahoraCan we tell you something?Podemos decirte algo?

That can be very difficultEso puede ser muy difcilShe can't read without glassesElla no puede leer sin anteojosCan she go out tonight?Puede ella salir esta noche?

It can be rainingPuede estar lloviendoIt cannot be so easy(algo) No puede ser tan fcilCan it fly?(algo)Puede volar?

We can do that very easilyPodemos hacer eso muy facilmenteWe can't understand thisNo podemos entender estoCan we start tomorrow?Podemos empezar maana?

Anybody can have bad luckCualquiera puede tener mala suerteYou can't be so crazyNo puedes estar tan locoCan I be with you?Puedo estar contigo?

The film can be very boringEl film puede ser muy aburridoThey cannot live hereEllos no pueden vivir aquCan they stay with us?Pueden ellos quedrse con nosotros?

Affirmative

I

You

He

She

It

We

You

They

cango

come

work

live

speak

...

Negative

I

You

He

She

It

We

You

They

cannotcan'tgo

come

work

live

speak

...

Interrogative

CanI

you

he

she

it

we

you

they

go ?

come ?

work ?

live ?

speak ?

...

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) ACCOUNT FOR- explicar-4) ASK AFTER-preguntar por alguien-

2) ADD UP-tener sentido-5) ASK FOR-preguntar por-

3) ALLOW FOR-tener en cuenta-6) ASK OUT- invitar a salir-

Ejemplos

1) The stormaccounts forthe plane crash.4) Susan isasking afteryour brother.

2) "I can't understand this. It doesn'tadd up".5) He was very hungry andaskedmeforsomething to eat.

3) All good fishermenallow forthe posibility of snake bites.6) John likes Susan. He willaskherouttonight.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) BACK DOWN- echarse atrs7) BREAK DOWN- averiarse, descomponerse

2) BACK OUT- romper una promesa8) BREAK IN(TO)- entrar por la fuerza

3) BACK UP- apoyar9) BREAK OUT- comenzar (una calamidad)

4) BACK UP- retroceder10) BREAK UP- romper relaciones

5) BLOW UP- estallar11) BRING UP- educar, criar

6) BLOW UP- llenar de aire, inflar12) BRING UP- proponer, traer a colacin

Ejemplos

1) Susan threatened to leave, but later shebacked downand stayed.7) Jack had a terrible day yesterday. His carbroke downon his way to work.

2) Bill's father promised to buy him a bicycle, but he finallybacked outof his promise.8) Burglarsbroke intoJack's apartment while he was on vacation.

3) If you decide to present that proposal, I'llbackyouup.9) The nation was happy until a terrible warbroke out.

4) Can youbackyour carupa little? It's blocking my driveway !10) Tom got very angry andbroke upwith Susan.

5) The soldiersblewthe bridgeup. Nobody can cross now.11) His parents died, so he wasbrought upby his grandfather.

6) Will you help meblowthese balloonsupfor the party?12) A posible solution wasbrought upin the last meeting.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) CALL OFF- cancelar, suspender11) COME ACROSS- encontrar, toparse con

2) CALL ON- visitar, acudir a12) COME ALONG- acompaar

3) CALL UP- llamar por telfono13) COME AWAY / OFF- desprenderse, soltarse

4) CARE FOR- gustar (se usa negando)14) COME DOWN WITH- enfermarse de

5) CARRY ON- continuar , seguir15) COME LOOSE- aflojarse

6) CARRY OUT- llevar a cabo, realizar16) COME OVER- venir a la casa de uno

7) CATCH UP (WITH)- alcanzar17) COME ROUND / TO- recobrar la conciencia

8) CHECK IN- registrarse ( en hotel , etc)18) COUNT ON- contar con , confiar en

9) CHECK OUT- investigar19) CUT BACK ON- reducir en consumo de

10) CHECK OUT OF- irse ( de un hotel, etc)20) CUT UP- cortar en pedacitos

Ejemplos

1) The football match wascalled offdue to the heavy rain.11) Icame acrossan old friend yesterday.

2) If you have problems with your homework, you cancall onme.12) If you want, you cancome alongwith us.

3) Please,callmeupwhen you finish that report.13) I caught the rope strongly with my hands, but itcame off.

4) I really like Brazil, but I don'tcaremuchforits food.14) Bob didn't come to work today. Hecame down withthe flu.

5) Although we are very tired, we mustcarry onwith this work.15) The ropecame loose, so the boat started to drift away.

6) The work on the building wascarried outin only two months.16) We are going to have a party at home tonight. Will youcome over?

7) Sally is so intelligent and so fast. It's really hard tocatch up withher.17) She fainted, but fortunately shecame roundvery quickly.

8) He arrived at the hotel andchecked in.18) You cancount onJack. He is very honest.

9) I think this information is wrong. Could youcheckitout?19) You are a little overweight. You shouldcut back onthe amount of fat in your meals.

10) Hechecked outofthe hotel because he didn't like the service.20) In order to make this stew,cut upthe meat first.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) DO AWAY WITH- abolir, eliminar6) DRAW NEAR- acercarse

2) DO UP- abrochar, atar7) DRAW UP- redactar

3) HAVE TO DO WITH- tener que ver con8) DRAW UP- detenerse, pararse

4) DO WITHOUT- arreglrselas sin9) DROP IN (ON)- dar un visita

5) DRAG ON- ser interminable10) DROP OUT (OF)- abandonar, dejar de ir a

Ejemplos

1) The police are trying todo away withcrime in this city.6) As summerdraws near, people think about going to the beach.

2) Bill's mother taught him how todo uphis shoelaces.7) After they had agreed on the terms, theydrew upa contract.

3) That storyhasnothingto do withthe real facts.8) Billdrewhis carupwhen he saw children crossing the street.

4) The refrigerator was empty, so I had todo withoutbreakfast that day.9) Next week I will have a lot of free time. Please,drop inanytimeyou want.

5) Timedrags onwhen you are waiting for something10) Many young people aredropping out ofschool nowadays.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) FACE UP TO- hacer frente a6) FEEL UP TO- sentirse capaz de

2) FALL BEHIND- quedarse atrs7) FIGURE OUT- comprender, entender

3) FALL FOR- enamorarse de8) FILL IN / UP- rellenar (formularios)

4) FALL THROUGH- fracasar (un plan)9) FILL IN FOR- reemplazar, substituir

5) FEEL LIKE- tener ganas de10) FIND OUT- averiguar, descubrir

Ejemplos

1) He had toface up tomany problems during his childhood.6) This is a very difficult task. Do youfeel up todoing it ?

2) John was supposed to finish this work today, but hefell behind.7) Jane is still trying tofigure outhow to solve the math problem.

3) Jack finds Mary to be very attractive. I think hefell forher.8) Your address is missing in the form. Can youfillitin, please ?

4) I wanted to go fishing on Sunday, but my plansfell throughdue to the bad weather.9) The Professor Brown is not coming . Mrs Smith willfill in forhim today.

5) I don'tfeel likeworking today.10) The firemen are trying tofind outthe cause of the fire.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) GET ALONG (WITH)- llevarse bien (con)7) GIVE AWAY- regalar

2) GET BY- sobrevivir (financieramente)8) GIVE IN- ceder, entregarse

3) GET OVER- recuperarse (de algo malo)9) GIVE UP- rendirse, darse por vencido

4) GET THROUGH (WITH)- terminar, finalizar10) GIVE UP- dejar de

5) GET TOGETHER- reunirse, juntarse11) GO ALONG WITH- estar de acuerdo con

6) GET RID OF- deshacerse de, librarse de12) GO ON (WITH)- continuar

Ejemplos

1) Dogs don't usuallyget along withcats.7) You don't wear those shoes anymore. Why don't yougivethemaway?

2) The whole family had toget byon the mother's salary.8) The boxer cannot continue fighting. He willgive inat any moment.

3) Johngot overhis illness very quickly.9) You are about to finish the race. Don'tgive upnow!

4) Alice won't be able toget through withher project until next year..10) Mary is pregnant. She shouldgive upsmoking.

5) The familygot togetherto celebrate Christmas.11) That manager nevergoes along withthe workers' ideas.

6) Why don't youget rid ofthese old magazines?12) We have togo onwiththis work.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) GET ALONG (WITH)- llevarse bien (con)7) GIVE AWAY- regalar

2) GET BY- sobrevivir (financieramente)8) GIVE IN- ceder, entregarse

3) GET OVER- recuperarse (de algo malo)9) GIVE UP- rendirse, darse por vencido

4) GET THROUGH (WITH)- terminar, finalizar10) GIVE UP- dejar de

5) GET TOGETHER- reunirse, juntarse11) GO ALONG WITH- estar de acuerdo con

6) GET RID OF- deshacerse de, librarse de12) GO ON (WITH)- continuar

Ejemplos

1) Dogs don't usuallyget along withcats.7) You don't wear those shoes anymore. Why don't yougivethemaway?

2) The whole family had toget byon the mother's salary.8) The boxer cannot continue fighting. He willgive inat any moment.

3) Johngot overhis illness very quickly.9) You are about to finish the race. Don'tgive upnow!

4) Alice won't be able toget through withher project until next year..10) Mary is pregnant. She shouldgive upsmoking.

5) The familygot togetherto celebrate Christmas.11) That manager nevergoes along withthe workers' ideas.

6) Why don't youget rid ofthese old magazines?12) We have togo onwiththis work.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) KEEP ON- seguir, continuar3) KNOCK OUT- dejar sin sentido

2) KEEP UP WITH- mantenerse al nivel de4) KNOCK OVER- tirar, volcar, atropellar

Ejemplos

1) John willkeep onworking in that firm for two more years.

2) Laura is so smart and fast. It's really difficult tokeep up withher!

3) The old ladyknockedthe thiefoutwith her umbrella.

4) The carknockedthe boyover. Now, he is at the hospital.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) LAY OFF- despedir10) LOOK BACK ON- recordar, mirar hacia atrs

2) LEAVE OUT- omitir, olvidar11) LOOK DOWN ON- despreciar, menospreciar

3) LET DOWN- decepcionar , defraudar12) LOOK FOR- buscar

4) LET IN- dejar entrar13) LOOK FORWARD TO- esperar con ilusin

5) LET OUT- dejar salir14) LOOK INTO- investigar

6) LET OFF- dejar ir (sin castigo)15) LOOK OUT (FOR)- tener ciudado (de)

7) LET UP- amainar, disminuir16) LOOK UP- buscar (una palabra, direccin etc)

8) LIVE UP TO- cumplir con, actuar de acuerdo a17) LOOK UP- visitar

9) LOOK AFTER- cuidar18) LOOK UP TO- respetar, admirar

Ejemplos

1) The company haslaid offten workers this year.10) Grandparents alwayslook back ontheir young days.

2) Jackleft outhis address in the form.11) Jim is so arrogant. Helooks down oneverybody less intelligent than him.

3) I trusted you, but youletmedown!12) Tom islooking fora new job.

4) Sally is knocking at the door.Letherin!13) Billy islooking forward togoing on vacation to Europe.

5) Sally wants to leave.Letherout!14) I think this report is wrong. Can youlook intoit?

6) The judge felt sorry for the thief andlethimoff.15) Be careful !.Look out forsnakes in this area !

7) The rain started tolet up.16) Edward islooking upa word in the dictionary.

8) Everybody thinks Robert is a good person. He tries tolive up tothat reputation.17) If you come to my city, don't forget tolookmeup!

9) The nanny islooking afterthe children.18) He is the smartest in the class. Everybodylooks up tohim.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) MAKE FOR- dirigirse a5) MAKE UP- maquillarse

2) MAKE OFF WITH- robar, marcharse con6) MAKE UP (WITH)- reconciliarse (con)

3) MAKE OUT- distinguir, descifrar, entender7) MAKE UP FOR- compensar

4) MAKE UP- inventar, hacer8) MIX UP- confundir, mezclar

Ejemplos

1) The plane wasmaking forthe airport.5) Becky uses red lipstick and pink powder tomake upher face.

2) The maidmade off withsome of the china from the dinning room.6) Laura and his boyfriend had an argument last night, but theymade uptoday.

3) The ship was so far from the coast that nobody couldmake outits nationality.7) Bill couldn't visit Mary yesterday. So, he brought her a gift tomake up forit.

4) That writermakes upfantastic stories about life in the future.8) The teachermixedmeupwith so much information.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) PART WITH- deshacerse de, regalar10) PULL DOWN- derribar, demoler

2) PASS AWAY- morir11) PULL OVER- detenerse a un lado de la calle

3) PASS OUT- distribuir, repartir12) PULL THROUGH- salir adelante, recobrarse

4) PASS OUT- desmayarse13) PUT AWAY- guardar, poner en su lugar

5) PICK ON- molestar - fastidiar14) PUT BACK- poner donde estaba

6) PICK OUT- escoger15) PUT OFF- posponer

7) PICK UP- recoger16) PUT ON- ponerse (ropa, joyas etc)

8) PICK UP- pasar a buscar17) PUT OUT- apagar (fuego, luces etc)

9) POINT OUT- indicar18) PUT UP WITH- tolerar, aguantar

Ejemplos

1) These books are occupying too much space. I'll have topart withthem.10) The construction workers willpull downthe old building.

2) My grandfatherpassed awayfive years ago.11) The policeman ordered the speeding driver topull over.

3) James waspassing outnew books to everyone in class.12) She was in a hard situation, but somehow shepulled through.

4) Nancypassed outwhen she heard the bad news.13) The little boy's room is a mess. His mother wants him toputhis toysaway.

5) Everyone in classpicked onthe new student.14) I took a book from the bookcase, but Iputitbackat once.

6) Helen likes topick outthe best apples at the supermarket.15) We'll have toput offour meeting for the next week.

7) I found a strange coin at the beach and Ipickeditup.16) Iput ona warm coat because it was cold outside.

8) Jane is going to the movies. Brian willpickherupat 7:30 p.m.17) The firemenput outthe fire in less than an hour.

9) The presidentpointed outthe achievements of his goverment.18) That noise is bothering me. I cannotput up withit any longer.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) RIP OFF- estafar, cobrar demasiado4) RUN INTO- encontrarse con

2) RUN ACROSS- encontrarse con5) RUN OUT OF- quedarse sin

3) RUN AWAY- escapar6) RUN OVER- atropellar con el auto

Ejemplos

1) " Don't buy anything in that store. They'llripyouoff"4) Lauraran intoMary when she was at the supermarket.

2) Janeran acrossher old friend from school at the supermarket.5) They wanted to go to Europe, but they hadrun out ofmoney.

3) The thief tried torun away, but the police caught him.6) The carran overthe dog that crossed the street.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) SEE ABOUT- atender a, encargarse de10) SHOW OFF- fanfarronear, presumir

2) SEND FOR- mandar a buscar11) SHOW UP- aparecer

3) SET BACK- retrasar, demorar12) SHUT UP- callar, silenciar

4) SET IN- comenzar13) SLIP AWAY- escabullirse

5) SET OFF- partir14) STAND FOR- significar, representar

6) SET OUT- partir15) STAND OUT- sobresalir, destacarse

7) SET UP- establecer16) STAND UP- dejar ( a alguien ) plantado

8) SETTLE DOWN- establecerce, adaptarse17) STAND UP FOR- defender (verbalmente) a

9) SETTLE UP- pagar lo que se debe18) STAND UP TO- hacer frente a

Ejemplos

1) Let's organize a party! You cansee aboutgetting the groceries.10) He always tries to impress people byshowing off.

2) Billy was feeling sick, so his mothersent forthe doctor.11) We waited for her, but she didn'tshow up.

3) The workers' strikeset backthe completion of the new building.12) Be quiet!...Shut up!

4) People start to wear warm clothes when the wintersets in.13) When nobody was watching, heslipped away.

5) The boat willset offearly in the morning.14) The letters U. N.stand forUnited Nations.

6) All the sailors willset outin that boat tomorrow.15) That boy is so smart. He alwaysstands outin class.

7) That athleteset upa new world record.16) John waited for Jane, but she didn't come. Shestoodhimup.

8) Brian likes this city. He is trying tosettle down.17) Everyone criticized her. Nobodystood up forher.

9) He won the lottery and was able tosettle upall his debts.18) You have to be brave. You have tostand up tothat problem.

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) TAKE AFTER- parecerse a11) TRY OUT- probar, poner a prueba

2) TAKE APART- desmontar, desarmar12) TRY OUT FOR- tratar de ingresar a

3) TAKE CARE OF-cuidar13) TURN DOWN- rechazar

4) TAKE OFF- despegar (un avin)14) TURN IN- irse a la cama

5) TAKE OFF- quitarse (ropa)15) TURN INTO- convertir en

6) TAKE UP- ocupar16) TURN ON- prender, encender

7) TALK OVER- discutir17) TURN OFF- apagar

8) THROW AWAY- tirar a la basura18) TURN OUT TO BE- resultar ser

9) THROW UP- vomitar19) TURN DOWN- bajar el volumen

10) TRY ON- probarse (ropa)20) TURN UP- subir el volumen

Ejemplos

1) Miketakes afterhis father.11) The technicians aretrying outthe new car.

2) I have to repair this TV. I have totakeitapartfirst.12) Tim would like totry out forthe baseball team.

3) The nanny istaking care ofthe children.13) Mike asked Jane out, but sheturnedhimdown.

4) The plane istaking offat this moment.14) I am tired and it is too late. I think I'llturn in.

5) His T-shirt was so dirty. He had totakeitoff.15) This sofaturns intoa bed.

6) The old pianotakes uptoo much space. They will move it somewhere else.16) I was bored, so Iturnedthe TVon.

7) This subject is important. We musttalkitover.17) I got tired of watching TV, so Iturneditoff.

8) Hethrew awayall the things that he didn't use.18) The film seemed good at first, but itturnedoutto bevery boring.

9) He had drunk so much that he had tothrow up.19) The music is too loud. Please,turnitdown

10) I like this T-shirt. Can Itryiton?20) Could youturnthe TVup. I can't hear it

Verbos Frasales

anteriorsiguiente

1) WAIT ON- atender, servir6) WIPE OUT- destruir completamente

2) WALK OUT ON- abandonar (novio/a)7) WORK OUT- hacer ejercicio (en un gym)

3) WARM UP- entrar en calor8) WORK OUT- resolver, elaborar

4) WATCH OUT (FOR)- tener ciudado (de)9) WRITE DOWN- anotar, tomar apuntes

5) WEAR OUT- desgastar completamente10) WRITE UP- redactar

Ejemplos

1) The salesgirl iswaiting onthe customer.6) The small town waswiped outby the tornado.

2) Sally is sad because her boyfriendwalked out onher.7) Robert is in good shape because heworks outat the gym everyday.

3) Runnerswarm upbefore starting a race.8) They have many problems in the company, but they willworkthemout.

4) "If you go into the jungle,watch out fortigers "9) The reporterwrote downeverything the rock star had said.

5) I havewornthese shoesout. I have to buy another pair.10) They have reached an agreement and now they willwrite upthe contract.

Voz Pasiva

Tiempos SimplesTiempos Progresivos

PresentPast PerfectPresent Continuous

PastFuturePast Continuous

Present PerfectModalsFuture Continuous

Frmula:Subject + (am/are/is) + V3

SentenceTranslation

The products are inspectedSe inspeccionan los productos

Workers are replaced by robotsSe reemplazan los obreros por robots

Thieves are arrestedSe arresta a los ladornes

That car is washed very weekSe lava ese auto todas las semanas

He is asked to be quietSe le pide que est callado

He is told not to make noiseSe le dice que no haga ruido

A solution is foundSe encuentra una solucin

Those houses are painted every yearSe pintan esas casas todos los aos

I am given a good adviceSe me d un buen consejo

The student is ordered to leave the roomSe le ordena al estudiante que salga del aula

The kid is told not to cross the streetSe le dice al nio que no cruce la calle

I am asked to give a speechSe me pide que d un discurso

A million copies are sold every yearSe venden un milln de copias todos los aos

The suspect is investigatedSe investiga al sospechoso

Bill is asked to pay what he owesSe le pide a Bill que pague lo que debe

The murderer is sentenced to deathSe sentencia a muerte al asesino

Rules are changedSe cambian las reglas

A skyscraper is builtSe construye un rascacielos

Conditional Sentences

TypeIF clauseMain Clause

Type IPresentwill/ can/ may /must + V1

Type IIPastwould/ could/ might + V1

Type IIIPast Perfectwould/ could/ might + have V3

HabitualPresentPresent

ImperativoPresentImperative

SentenceTranslation

If he is busy now, I will come back tomorrowSi est ocupado ahora, regresar maana

If I have time, I'll visit my parents this afternoonSi tengo tiempo, visitar a mis padres esta tarde

If it is warm tomorrow, we'll go to the beachSi est caluroso maana, iremos a la playa

If it is cold, you must wear warm clothesSi est fro, debes usar ropa abrigada

If he doesn't do his homework, he can not go to the partySi l no hace su tarea, no puede ir a la fiesta

If she doesn't call you, you can call herSi ella no te llama, tu puedes llamarla

If you work hard, you may become a millonaire somedaySi trabajas duro, puede que te conviertas en un millonario algn da

If you spend more than you earn, you'll become a poor manSi gastas ms de lo que ganas, te convertirs en un hombre pobre

If they don't invite you, you must not goSi ellos no te invitan, no debes ir

If we don't hurry, we'll miss our busSi no nos apuramos, perderemos nuestro autobus

If you pay now, you'll get a discountSi pagas ahora, obtendrs un descuento

If they don't want to go out, they can stay homeSi no quieren salir, se pueden quedar en casa

If you drink too much, you'll get drunkSi bebes demasiado, te emborrachars

If you feel sick, you must stay in bedSi te sientes enfermo, debes quedarte en cama

If they don't come here, we'll have to go thereSi ellos no vienen aqu, tendremos que ir all

There Be (impersonal)

ver + - ?ConjugacionesSignificadoEjemplos

THERE IS (singular)HAYThere is a house

THERE ARE (plural)HAYThere are two houses

THERE WAS (s)HUBO, HABAThere was a party last night

THERE WERE (p)HUBO, HABAThere were many people

THERE HAS BEEN (s)HA HABIDOThere has been a hurricane

THERE HAVE BEEN (p)HA HABIDOThere have been two hurricanes

THERE HAD BEENHABA HABIDOThere had been many problems

THERE WILL BEHABRThere will be a party tonight

THERE IS GOING TO BE (s)VA A HABERThere is going to be a celebration

THERE ARE GOING TO BE (p)VA A HABERThere are going to be many guests

THERE WAS GOING TO BE (s)IBA A HABERThere was going to be a party yesterday

THERE WERE GOING TO BE (p)IBA A HABERThere were going to be many guests

THERE WILL HAVE BEENHABR HABIDOThere will have been much money

THERE WOULD BEHABRAThere would be an orchestra

THERE WOULD HAVE BEENHABRA HABIDOThere would have been many musicians

THERE CAN BEPUEDE HABERThere can be a fire

THERE COULD BEPODRA/ PUDO HABERThere could be many injured people

THERE MAY BEPUEDE HABERThere may be a storm

THERE MIGHT BEPODRA HABERThere might be blackouts

THERE SHOULD BEDEBERA HABERThere should be a warning

THERE MUST BEDEBE HABERThere must be a way out

THERE HAS TO BE (s)TIENE QUE HABERThere has to be a solution

THERE HAVE TO BE (p)TIENE QUE HABERThere have to be several solutions

THERE HAD TO BETUVO/ TENA QUE HABERThere had to be a cause

THERE COULD HAVE BEENPODRA/PUDO HABER HABIDOThere could have been a mistake

THERE MIGHT HAVE BEENPODRA HABER HABIDOThere might have been an explosion

THERE SHOULD HAVE BEENDEBERA HABER HABIDOThere should have been warnings

THERE MUST HAVE BEENDEBE HABER HABIDOThere must have been an error

THERE HAS TO HAVE BEEN (s)TIENE QUE HABER HABIDOThere has to have been a reason

THERE HAVE TO HAVE BEEN (p)TIENE QUE HABER HABIDOThere have to have been many reasons

THERE HAD TO HAVE BEENTUVO/TENA QUE HABER HABIDOThere had to have been a purpose

going to(gonna)

AffirmativeTraducin

I am

You are

He is

She is

It is

We are

You are

They are

going to(gonna)cometomorrow

gonext week

bringhis sister

takeher brother

bevery easy

havea party

arriveearly

leavelate

Voy a venir maana

T vas a ir la prxima semana

l va a traer a su hermana

Ella va a llevar a su hermano

Va a ser muy fcil

Nosotros vamos a tener una fiesta

Ustedes van a llegar temprano

Ellos se van a ir tarde

NegativeTraduccin

I amnotYou arenotHe isnotShe isnotIt isnotWe arenotYou arenotThey arenot

going to(gonna)cometomorrow

gonext week

bringhis sister

takeher brother

bevery easy

havea party

arriveearly

leavelate

Novoy a venir maana

Tnovas a ir la prxima semana

lnova a traer a su hermana

Ellanova a llevar a su hermano

Nova a ser muy fcil

Novamos a tener una fiesta

Ustedesnovan a llegar temprano

Ellosnose van a ir tarde

InterrogativeTraduccin

Am I

Are you

Is he

Is she

Is it

Are we

Are you

Are they

going to(gonna)cometomorrow ?

gonext week ?

bringhis sister ?

takeher brother ?

bevery easy ?

havea party ?

arriveearly ?

leavelate ?

Voy a venir maana?

Vas a ir la prxima semana?

l va a traer a su hermana?

Ella va a llevar a su hermano?

Va a ser muy fcil?

Nosotros vamos a tener una fiesta?

Ustedes van a llegar temprano?

Ellos se van a ir tarde?

Ms ejemplos: I am going to travel to Paris. (voy a viajar a Pars)

I am going to visit my grandmother(voy a visitar a mi abuela)

She is going to make a cake for me(ella va a hacer una torta para mi)

They are not going to remember that(ellos no se van a acordar de eso)

We are not going to go anywhere(nosotros no vamos a ir a ninguna parte)

Who is going to come today ?(Quin va a venir hoy?)

Are you going to buy a new car?(Vas comprar un nuevo auto?)

Are they going to help you ?(Ellos te van a ayudar?)

What are you going to bring ?(Qu vas a traer?)

When is she going to arrive ?(Cundo va a llegar ella?)

Imperatives

La forma imperativa se usa para dar instrucciones, rdenes, sugerencias, advertencias y consejosEn forma afirmativaEn forma negativa

Come here- Ven aquDon't cross the street !- No cruces la calle!

Go there- And allDon't say that !-No digas eso!

Open the door- Abr la puertaDon't be so mean !- No seas tan malo!

Leave me alone- Dejme soloDon't fight !- No peles!

Turn on the TV- Encend el televisorDon't drink so much !- No tomes tanto!

Turn off the radio- Apag la radioDon't invite so many people !- No invites tantas personas!

Be careful- S cuidadosoDon't make noise !- No hagas ruido!

Let me see that- Dejme ver esoDon't interrupt !- No interrumpas!

Call me up- Llamme por telfonoDon't drive so fast !-No conduzcas tan rpido!

Finish that report- Termin ese informeDon't be late !- No llegues tarde!

Sit down- SentteDon't come so early !- No vengas tan temprano!

Stand up- LevantteDon't buy so many things !- No compres tantas cosas!

Let's

El Let's (let us) se usa para hacer una sugerencia en la cul uno mismo se incluyeLet'sLet's not

Let's work- TrabajemosLet's not hurry- No nos apuremos

Let's make a party- Hagamos una fiestaLet's not do that- No hagamos eso

Let's buy some beers- Compremos algunas cervezasLet's not waste time- No desperdiciemos tiempo

Let's play basketball- Juguemos al bsketbolLet's not wait any more- No esperemos ms

Let's go to the movies- Vayamos al cineLet's not go so fast- No vayamos tan rpido

Let's eat some ice creams- Comamos algunos heladosLet's not drink so much- No tomemos tanto

Let's take a walk- Tomemos un paseoLet's not talk about that- No hablemos de eso

Let's consider this problem- Consideremos este problemaLet's not bother them- No los molestemos

Let's see what we can do- Veamos que podemos hacerLet's not interrupt- No interrumpamos

Let's try to do it- Tratemos de hacerloLet's not say anything- No digamos nada

Let's start with this- Comencemos con estoLet's not argue again- No discutamos de nuevo

Let's finish that- Terminemos esoLet's not be upset about it- No estemos molestos por ello

Agreement

Tambin (too) (so) --- Tampoco (either) (neither)Affirmative(too) (so)Negative(either) (neither)

I am hungry, and so are you.I am hungry, and you are too.I am not tired, and neither are my friends.I am not tired, and my friends are not either.

My wife is a lawyer, and so am I.My wife is a lawyer, and I am too.My sister is not here, and neither are my parents.My sister is not here, and my parents are not either.

She was here yesterday, and so was he.She was here yesterday, and he was too.They were not working, and neither was she.They were not working, and she was not either.

They were working, and so was I.They were working, and I was too.She was not from Brazil, and neither are they.She was not from Brazil, and they are not either.

I can swim, and so can my brother.I can swim, and my brother can too.I can't play chess, and neither can you.I can't play chess, and you can't either.

I could finish on time, and so could my colleagues.I could finish on time, and my colleagues could too.She couldn't see the film, and neither could I.She couldn't see the film, and I couldn't either.

They might go fishing, and so might we.They might go fishing, and we might too.He might not stay longer, and neither might we.He might not stay longer, and we might not either.

We must work hard, and so must he.We must work hard, and he must too.We must not be late, and neither must you.We must not be late, and you must not either.

I should study more, and so should you.I should study more, and you should too.I shouldn't drink so much, and neither should you.I shouldn't drink so much, and you shouldn't either.

They will go to the movies, and so will I.They will go to the movies, and I will too.They won't attend the concert, and neither will I.They won't attend the concert, and I won't either.

I would earn more, and so would my partner.I would earn more, and my partner would too.We wouldn't work on Sundays, and neither would she.We wouldn't work on Sundays, and she wouldn't either.

Bill is going to rest, and so are his friends.Bill is going to rest, and his friends are too.Mary is not going to come, and neither are her children.Mary is not going to come, and her children aren't either.

Jane studies German, and so do I.Jane studies German, and I do too.Susan doesn't know you, and neither do I.Susan doesn't know you, and I don't either.

I like to go fishing, and so does my brother.I like to go fishing, and my brother does too.I don't like novels, and neither does my girlfriend.I don't like novels, and my girlfriend doesn't either.

John cleaned the house, and so did his wife.John cleaned the house, and his wife did too.Bill didn't come, and neither did his brother.Bill didn't come, and his brother didn't either.

Jack worked hard, and so did his colleagues.Jack worked hard, and his colleagues did too.Jack didn't bring anything, and neither did his sister.Jack didn't bring anything, and his sister didn't either.

He has lived in this city for years, and so have we.He has lived in this city for years, and we have too.She has not seen that film yet, and neither has her boyfriend.She has not seen that film yet, and her boyfriend hasn't either.

They have gone on vacation, and so has their son.They have gone on vacation, and their son has too.Billy has not finished his work yet, and neither have his companions.Billy has not finished his work yet, and his companions haven't either.

I had heard a strange noise, and so had my friend.I had heard a strange noise, and my friend had too.He hadn't been there, and neither had his family.He hadn't been there, and his family hadn't either.

They have time, and so do I.They have time, and I do too.They don't have money, and neither do we.They don't have money, and we don't either.

Adjetivos

ContrastesComparativos &SuperlativosAdjetivos &VerbosAdjetivos &AdverbiosAdjetivos &Sustantivos

Contrastes

Awake -despiertoAsleep -dormido

Beautiful -hermosoUgly -feo

Big -grandeSmall -pequeo

Bitter -amargoSweet -dulce

Black -negroWhite -blanco

Careful -cuidadosoCareless -descuidado

Dark -oscuroLight -claro

Dead -muertoAlive -vivo

Deep -profundoShallow -superficial

Difficult -difcilEasy -fcil

Dirty -sucioClean -limpio

Drunk -borrachoSober -sobrio

Expensive -caroCheap -barato

Far -lejanoNear -cercano

Fast -rpidoSlow -lento

Fat -gordoThin -flaco

Full -llenoEmpty -vaco

Glad -contentoSad -triste

Good -buenoBad -malo

Happy -felizSorry -apenado

Hard -duroSoft -blando

Healthy -saludableSick -enfermo

Heavy -pesadoLight -liviano

High -altoLow -bajo

Hot -calienteCold -fro

Interesting -interesanteBoring -aburrido

Late -tardeEarly -temprano

Long -largoShort -corto

New -nuevoOld -viejo

On -encendidoOff -apagado

Past -pasadoFuture -futuro

Polite -corts, atentoRude -grosero

Rich -ricoPoor -pobre

Right -derechoLeft -izquierdo

Right -correctoWrong -equivocado

Rough -speroSmooth -suave, liso

Safe -seguroDangerous -peligroso

Same -mismoDifferent -diferente

Simple -simpleComplex -complejo

Single -solteroMarried -casado

Straight -derechoCrooked -torcido

Strong -fuerteWeak -dbil

Tall -altoShort -bajo

Thick -gruesoThin -delgado

True -verdaderoFalse -falso

Useful -tilUseless -intil

Warm -clidoCool -fresco

Wet -mojadoDry -seco

Wide -anchoNarrow -angosto, estrecho

Young -jovenOld -viejo

Adverbios

Se clasifican en adverbios de:

TIEMPOLUGARFRECUENCIAMODOGRADOASERCINRACIOCINIO

After -despusNever -nunca

Afterwards -despusNewly -recin

Again -otravezNext -luego

Already -yaNo longer -ya no

Always -siempreNow -ahora

As soon as -tan pronto comoNow and then -de vez en cuando

At last -al finOften -a menudo

Before -antesPresently -luego

Early -tempranoSeldom -rara vez

Ever -siempre, alguna vezShortly -en breve

Finally -finalmenteSince then -desde entonces

First -primeramenteSometimes -algunas veces

Formerly -anteriormenteSoon -pronto

Hereafter -despusThen -entonces

Last -por ltimoTill now -hasta ahora

Lastly -finalmenteToday -hoy

Late -tardeTomorrow -maana

Lately -ltimamenteUntil now -hasta ahora

Latterly -ltimamenteWhen -cuando

Long -mucho tiempoYesterday -ayer

Meanwhile -entretantoYet -todava

Conjunciones

According to -de acuerdo aNamely -a saber

After -despus queNeither... nor -ni... ni

Although -aunque, si bienNevertheless -sin embargo, no obstante

And -yNor -ni

As -cuando, mientras, a medida que, comoNotwithstanding -no obstante

As if -como siOr -o

As long as -mientras, con tal queOr else -sino

As soon as -en cuantoOtherwhise -de otra manera, si no

As though -como siProvided -siempre que , con tal de que

As well as -adems deProviding -siempre que , con tal de que

Because -porqueSince -puesto que, ya que, desde que

Because of -debido aSo as to -para

Before -antes queSo as not to -para no

Both...and -tanto...comoSo that -para que

But -peroStill -sin embargo, no obstante

But -sinoThan -que ( en comparaciones )

Either... or -o... oTherefore -por lo tanto

Even though -aunqueThough -aunque

Except -excepto, salvoUnless -a menos que

For -porqueUntil -hasta que

Furthermore -ademsWhenever -cada vez que, cuando

However -sin embargoWhereas -siendo que, mientras

If -siWhether -si

In case of -en caso deWhether... or -si... o

In order to -paraWhile -mientrar, mientras que, aunque

Moreover -adems, por otra parteYet -sin embargo, no obstante

According to(acrding tchu)-de acuerdo a

-Everything was doneaccording tohis instructions-- Todo fue hecho de acuerdo a sus instrucciones

After(fter)-despus que

-He started to eatafterhe had washed his hands-- Comenz a comer despus de haberse lavado las manos-Afterhe had eaten, he went to bed --Despus de que haba comido, se fue a la cama

Although(oldu)-aunque, si bien-(although = though = even though)

-Althoughhe was not tall, he was excellent at basketball --Aunque no era alto, era excelente para el baloncesto-Althoughshe appears to be happy, she is actually very sad-- Anque parece estar feliz, est muy triste en realidad

And -y

-Bill buys things andsellsthem at a higher price-- Bill compra cosas y las vende a un precio ms alto

As -cuando, mientras, a medida que, como

-Asthe two boys walked down the street, they found a wallet-- Mientras los dos chicos caminaban por la calle, encontraron una billetera-Aswinter approaches, the temperature gets colder and colder-- A medida que se aproxima el invierno, la temperatura se pone cada vs ms fra-Asshe entered the restaurant, she saw us-- Cuando entr al restaurant, ella nos vi-She actedasa crazy woman-- Ella actuaba como una loca-He is notasintelligentasthey think-- l no es tan inteligente como ellos piensan

As if -como si-(as if = as though)

-He actsas ifhe were rich-- l acta como si fuera rico-They treat meas ifthey didn't know me-- Me tratan como si no me conocieran-Bill started to shopas ifhe had won the lottery --Bill comenz comprar como si hubiera ganado la lotera-They lookedas ifthey hadn't slept for days-- Se vean como si no hubieran dormido desde hace das

As long as(as lng as)-mientras, siempre que

-You can stay hereas long asyou work hard-- Te puedes quedar aqu mientras trabajes duro-I will live in this cityas long asI can-- Vivir en esta ciudad mientras pueda-Nobody will know about this secretas long asyou keep mum-- Nadie sabr de este secreto mientras mantengas la boca cerrada

As soon as(as sn as)-en cuanto, tan pronto como

--I will do this workas soon asI can-- Har con este trabajo tan pronto como pueda--She started to workas soon asshe graduated from the university --Comenz a trabajar tan pronto como se gradu de la universidad

As though(as du)-como si-(as if = as though)

Ver "As if"

As well as -adems de

-My sisteras well asJohn will go to the movies tomorrow-- Mi hermana, as como John, irn al cine maana-She is intelligentas well askind-- Ella es inteligente adems de amable-She worksas well asshe studies-- Ella trabaja adems de estudiar

Because(bics)-porque

-I don't want to go outbecauseit is too cold --No quiero salir porque est demasiado fro

Because of -debido a

-They stayed inbecause ofthe bad weather-- Ellos se quedaron en casa debido al mal tiempo-She can not play sportsbecause ofher illness-- Ella no puede practicar deportes debido a su enfermedad

Before(bifr)-antes que

-Billy washed his handsbeforehe started to eat-- Billy se lav sus manos antes de empezar a comer-He had trained for yearsbeforehe decided to box professionally-- l haba entrenado durante aos antes de decidirse a boxear profesionalmente

Both...and(buz...nd)-tanto...como

-He speaksbothsoftlyandclearly-- l habla tanto suavemente como claramente-She playsboththe pianoandthe harp-- Ella toca tanto el piano como el harpa

But -pero

-He spoke clearly,butI didn't understand him-- Habl claramente pero no lo entend-She saw me,butshe didn't recognize me-- Me vi pero no me reconoci

But -sino

-She is not from Argentinabutfrom Brazil-- Ella no es de Argentina sino de Brazil-He didn't workbuthe rested all day-- No trabaj sino que descanz todo el da

Either... or(der...or)-o... o

-Eitherstart to workorquit this business-- O empezs a trajar o dejs este negocio-He must beeithervery braveorvery crazy --l debe ser o muy valiente o muy loco-Youshouldeither workorstudy --T deberas, o trabajar, o estudiar

Even though(ven du)-aunque(although = though = even though)

-ver although

Except(excpt)-excepto, salvo

-They would go to Europe,exceptthey have to go to Japan-- Iran a Europa salvo que tengan que ir a Japn

For -porque

-We'll have to stay home,forit is raining outside-- Tendremos que quedarnos en casa porque est lloviendo afuera-He didn't greet her,forhe was very angry-- l no la salud porque estaba muy enojado-She turned on the lights,forshe was afraid of the dark-- Encendi las luces porque tena miedo a la oscuridad

Furthermore(ferdermr)-adems-(furthermore = moreover)

-She doesn't want to study , andfurthermoreshe doesn't want to work either-- Ella no quiere estudiar y, adems, tampoco quiere trabajar-He was a bad person, andfurthermorehe was very proud of that-- l era una mala persona y, adems, estaba muy orgulloso de eso

However(jaover)-sin embargo-(however = nevertheless = notwithstanding)

-They were not having fun,howeverthey stayed all night-- Ellos no se estaban divirtiendo, sin embargo, se quedaron toda la noche-He didn't study much,howeverhe got good grades --l no estudiaba mucho, sin embargo, obtena buenas notas

If -si

-Ifyou drink too much, you'll get drunk --Si bebes demasiado, te emborrachars-Ifyou spend more than you earn, you'll become a poor man --Si gastas ms de lo que ganas, te convertirs en un hombre pobre-Ifhe were in my place, he wouldn't do this --Si l estuviese en mi lugar, no hara esto

In case (of)(in kis ov)-en caso (de)

-Break the windowin case ofemergency --Romper la ventana en caso de emergencia-Call this numberin caseyou get lost-- Llam a este nmero en caso de que te pierdas

In order to -para

-They left earlyin order toarrive on timefor the movie-- Ellos salieron temprano para llegar a tiempo para la pelcula-We are working harderin order toearn more money-- Estamos trabajando ms duro para ganar ms dinero

Moreover(moruver)-adems, por otra parte-(furthermore = moreover)

ver furthermore

Namely(nimli)-a saber

- There were two people in the house, namely Tom and Mary-- Haba dos personas en la casa, a saber Tom y Mary

Neither... nor(nder..or)-ni... ni

-I wantneitherto worknorto study --No quiero ni trabajar ni estudiar-She drinksneitherwinenorbeer-- Ella no toma ni vino ni cerveza-NeitherSusannorBill wants to see that film-- Ni Susan ni Bill quieren ver esa pelcula

Nevertheless(nverdils)-sin embargo, no obstante-(however = nevertheless = notwithstanding)

- Ver however

Nor -ni

--Bill didn't come today,norwill he come tomorrow-- Bill no vino hoy; ni (tampoco) vendr maana

Notwithstanding(ntwidstnding)-no obstante

-Ver however

Or -o

-He never works. He is always sleepingorwatching TV-- l nunca trabaja. Siempre est durmiendo o mirando TV-With all that money, they could buy a new houseortravel around the world-- Con todo ese dinero, ellos podran comprar una nueva casa o viajar alrededor del mundo

Or else(or ls)-sino

-You should study harder,or elseyou will fail the test-- Deberas estudiar ms duro, sino reprobars la prueba-They must leave now,or elsethey will arrive late-- Ellos deben salir ahora, sino llegarn tarde

Otherwhise(derwis)-de otra manera, si no

-We should finish this now,otherwisewe'll have to do it tomorrow-- Deberamos terminar esto ahora, sino tendremos que hacerlo maana-Fortunately they left early;otherwisethey wouldn't have arrived on time-- Afortunadamente salieron temprano; de otra manera no habran llegado a tiempo

Provided(provided)-siempre que , con tal de que- (provided = providing)

-I will buy the product,providedI can pay for it by credit card- Comprar el producto, siempre que pueda pagarlo con la tarjeta de crdito-They will believe you,providedyou swear that it is true- Te creern, siempre que jures que es verdad

Providing(providing)-siempre que , con tal de que-(provided = providing)

-They will go fishing next weekend,providingit doesn't rain-- Ellos irn a pescar el prximo fin de semana, siempre que no llueva

Since(sns)-puesto que, ya que, desde que

-He didn't understand a word,sincehe doesn't speak English-- No entendi ni una palabra puesto que no habla ingls-Sinceit was too late,they decided to go to sleep,-- Puesto que era demasiado tarde, decidieron irse a dormir-She shouldn't eat so much,sinceshe is a little fat-- No debera comer tanto puesto que est un poco gorda

So as to -para

-They decided to take a planeso asto travel faster-- Decidieron tomar una avin para viajar ms rpido-She paid by cashso asto get a good discount-- Pag en efectivo para obtener un buen descuento

So as not to -para no

-He took a short napso as not tobe too tired for the party-- El tom una breve siesta para no estar demasiado cansado para la fiesta-She wrote down his telephone numberso as not toforget it-- Ella anot su nmero de telfono para no olvidarlo

So that -para que

-You should learn more vocabularyso thatyou can speak better-- Deberas aprender ms vocabulario para que puedas hablar mejor-They decided to save extra moneyso thatthey would be able to go on vacation-- Decidieron ahorrar dinero extra para poder ir de vacaciones-He gave her a presentso thatshe would feel better-- l le di un regalo para que ella se sienta mejor

Still -sin embargo, no obstante

-Jack didn't study much for the test;stillhe managed to pass it-- Jack no estudi mucho para la prueba, no obstante, se las arregl para aprobar-He can not speak very well;stillhe understands everyting-- No puede hablar bien, sin embargo, entiende todo-They felt very sad;stillthey forced themselves to smile all the time-- Se sentan muy tristes, no obstante, se obligaban a si mismos a sonrer todo el tiempo

Than -que( en comparaciones )

-They started to have more problemsthanthey expected-- Empezaron a tener ms problemas que lo que esperaban-She discovered that learning English is more difficultthanshe thought-- Ella descubri que aprender ingls es ms dificil que lo que pens

Therefore(drfr)-por lo tanto

-I didn't have enough time to study for the test and therefore I couldn't pass it-- No tuve suficiente tiempo para estudiar para la prueba y, por lo tanto, no pude aprobarla-John left very late and therefore he didn't arrive on time-- John sali muy tarde y, por lo tanto, no lleg a tiempo

Though(du)-aunque-(although = though = even though)

-ver although

Unless(anls)-a menos que

-You can not drink alcohol here,unlessyou are an adult-- No puedes beber alcohol aqu, a menos que seas un adulto-They won't be able to travel to Europe,unlessthey have their passports-- No podrn viajar a Europa, a menos que tengan sus pasaportes-Unlessyou can speak English very well, you can not study in an american university-- A menos que puedas hablar ingls muy bien, no puedes estudiar en una universidad americana

Until(antl)-hasta que

-They listened in silenceuntilhe finished his speech-- Escucharon en silencio hasta que l termin su discurso-He looked for his keysuntilhe found them-- Busc sus llaves hasta que las encontr-Bill can not go out to play socceruntilhe completes his homework-- Bill no puede salir a jugar al ftbol hasta que termine su tarea

Whenever(wenver)-cada vez que, cuando

-He goes to the movieswheneverhe has the time-- l va al cine siempre cada vez que tiene tiempo-Wheneverthey have to work, they feel sick-- Cada vez que tienen que trabajar, se sienten enfermos

Whereas(uras)-siendo que, mientras

-The weather is very nice here in summer,whereasin winter it is not so good-- El tiempo es muy lindo aqu en verano, mientras que en invierno no es tan bueno

Whether(wder)-si

-You must tell mewhetheryou will come-- Debes decirme si vendrs-I don't knowwhetherto buy this computer or not --No s si comprar esta computadora o no

Whether... or -si... o

-I don't knowwhetherto take itorleave it-- No s si llevarlo o dejarlo-She didn't understandwhethershe had to goorstay --Ella no entendi si tena que ir o quedarse

While(wil)-mientrar, mientras que, aunque

-Many things happened herewhileyou were out--Muchas cosas pasaron aqu mientras t estuviste afuera-Whilethey didn't know her very well, they invited her to their wedding-- Aunque no la conocan bien, la invitaron a su boda

Yet(it)-sin embargo, no obstante

-He wanted to reply to that accusation,yethe didn't --l quera contestar a esa acusacin, sin embargo no lo hizo

Preposiciones

About -de, sobre, acerca deInto -en, a, dentro

Above -encima deNear -cerca de

Across -al otro lado de, a travs deNext to -al lado de, junto a

After -despus de, detrs de, trasOf -de

Against -contraOff -de, fuera de

Along -a lo largo deOn -en,sobre, encima

Amid -entre, en medio deOnto -encima de, sobre, en

Among -entre, en medio deOn top of -sobre, encima de

Around -alrededor deOut of -fuera de, sin

At -en, a, deOver -sobre, ms de, durante, al otro lado de

Before -delante de, antes dePer -por

Behind -detrs deRound -alrededor de

Below -debajo deSince -desde

Beneath -debajo deThrough -A travs de, por

Beside -al lado deThroughout -por todo, durante

Besides -adems deTill -hasta

Between -entre (dos)To -a, hasta, hacia

Beyond -ms all deToward -hacia

But -menos, salvo, exceptoUnder -debajo de

By -por, deUnderneath -debajo de

Down -porUntil -hasta

During -duranteUp -arriba de

For -por, paraUpon -sobre, encima de

From -de, desdeWith -con, de

In -en, a, dentro, deWithin -dentro de, a menos de

In front of -en frente deWithout -sin

About(abut)-de, sobre, acerca de

-We are talkingaboutthe film we saw last night-- Estabamos hablando acerca de la pelcula que vimos anoche-What was itabout? -- De qu se trataba ?

Above(abv)-encima de

- There was an UFOabovethe house-- Haba un OVNI encima de la casa

Across(acrs)-al otro lado de, a travs de

- My apartment isacrossthe street from the bank-- Mi departamento est al otro lado de la calle desde el banco-We ranacrossour neighbor's garden-- Corrimos a travs del jardn de nuestro vecino

After(fter)-despus de, detrs de, tras

-The dog is runningafterthe cat-- El perro est corriendo tras el gato-It is 5 minutesafter4 o'clock --Es 5 minutos despus de las 4 (es las cuatro y cinco minutos)

Against(egunst)-contra, en contra de

-The journalist wrote an articleagainstthe goverment-- El periodista escribi un artculo en contra del gobierno-The plane crashedagainstthe control tower- El avin se estrell contra la torre de control-He placed the ladderagainstthe wall --l puso la escalera contra la pared

Along(alng)-a lo largo de, por

- There are palm treesalongthe avenue --Hay palmeras a lo largo de la avenida-Many people walkalongthis corridor every day-- Muchas personas caminan por este pasillo todos los das

Amid(amd)-entre, en medio de

-He was standingamidthe crowd-- El estaba parado en medio de la multitud

Among(amng)-entre, en medio de

-I parked my caramongthe others-- Estacion mi auto en medio de los otros-Jesus divided the breadamonghis disciples-- Jess dividi el pan entre sus discpulos-There was a traitoramongthem --Haba un traidor entre ellos

Around(arund)-alrededor de

-He is wearing a chainaroundhis neck-- l est usando una cadena alrededor de su cuello-A lot of reporters werearoundthe actress-- Muchos reporteros estaban alrededor de la actriz

At(t)-en, a

-My parents areatwork-- Mis padres estn en el trabajo-We usually get upat8 o'clock, but on Sundays we get upatnoon--Generalmente nos levantamos a las 8 pero los domingos nos levantamos al medioda-She lookedatme --Ella me mir-He is very goodatsports-- l es muy bueno para los deportes-Atnight-- Por las noche-Attimes-- a veces-Atwar-- En guerra

Before(bifr)-delante de, antes de

- The orator stoodbeforethe audience- El orador se par delante del auditorio- Mary leftbeforeeveryone else-- Mary se fue antes que todos

Behind(bijind)-detrs de

- There is a gardenbehindthe house-- Hay un jardn detrs de la casa- The boxer in white trunks is three pointsbehindthe champion-- El boxeador de pantalones blancos est a tres puntos detrs del campen

Below(bilu)-bajo, debajo de -(under = below = beneath = underneath)

-She has an apartmentbelowmine-- Ella tiene un departamento debajo del mo-It is freezing. The temperature isbelowzero. --Est helando. La temperatura est bajo cero

Beneath(binz)-bajo,debajo de -(under = below = beneath = underneath)

-Johnny hid all his toysbeneathhis bed-- Johnny escondi todos sus juguetes debajo de su cama-I was sittingbeneathmy beach umbrella --Estaba sentado debajo de mi sombrilla de playa

Beside(bisid)-al lado de, junto a

-Mary satbesideme-- Mary se sent junto a m-There is a gardenbesidethe house-- Hay un jardn al lado de la casa

Besides(bisids)-adems de, excepto, aparte de

-There were two people at the housebesidesher-- Haba dos personas en la casa adems de ella-Besideshis reputation, he has nothing else left-- Aparte de su reputacin, a l no le queda nada ms

Between(bitun)-entre(solo referido a dos entidades)

-There are no secretsbetweenyou and me-- No hay secretos entre vos y yo-I don't eatbetweenmeals-- No como entre las comidas-There is a great distancebetweenthe two cities --Hay una gran distacia entre las dos ciudades

Beyond(bi nd)-ms all de, fuera de

-There is a riverbeyondthose mountains-- Hay un ro ms all de esas montaas-This problem isbeyondmy capacity. I can not understand it --Este problema est fuera de mi capacidad. No lo puedo entender-Beyonddoubt-- Fuera de toda duda

But(bat)-menos, salvo, excepto

-They work every daybutSunday-- Ellos trabajan todos los das salvo el domingo-We eat any foodbutmeat-- Comemos cualquier alimento excepto carne-Anyonebuther can go-- Cualquiera, excepto ella, puede ir

By(bi)-por, de, cerca

-This film was directed by Spielberg-- Este film was directed by Spielberg--I cameby(train/car/bus...)-- Vine en (tren/auto/autobs...)-I livebythe river-- Vivo cerca del ro-They will be hereby5 o'clock PM-- Estarn aqu cerca de las cinco de la tarde-An even number can be dividedbytwo-- Un nmero par puede dividirse por dos

Down(dun)-por

--I was walkingdownthe street when I saw the accident --Estaba caminando por la calle cuando v el accidente

During(diring)-durante

-The flowers blossomduringthe spring-- Las flores florecen durante la primavera-He sleptduringall the class-- l durmi durante toda la clase

For(for)-por, para, a favor

-I have lived hereformany years-- He vivido aqu desde hace (por) muchos aos-This present isforus-- Es regalo es para nosotros-They leftforChicago-- Ellos salieron para chicago-She wentfora walk-- Ella fue por una caminata-Are youforor against that proposal ?-- Ests a favor o en contra de esa propuesta ?-We walkedforfive miles that day-- Caminamos 5 millas ese da-Whatfor?-- Para qu ?

From(from)-de, desde

-Where are youfrom?-- De dnde sos ?-I received a letterfrommy sister-- Recib una carta de mi hermana-That city is farfromhere-- Esa ciudad est lejos de aqu-She worksfrom9 to 5 every day-- Ella trabaja de 9 a 5 todos los das-They think they are differentfromthe rest-- Ellos piensan que son diferentes del resto-I took a busfromMiami to Chicago-- Tom un autobs desde Miami a Chicago

In(in)-en, a, dentro, de

-Inhere- Aqu adentro-Inthere- All adentro-They will be in Miamiinsummer-- Estarn en Miami en el verano-Inthe (morning/ afternoon/ evening)-- por la maana/tarde/noche-I will see youintwo weeks-- Te ver en dos semanas

In front of(in frnt ov)-en frente de

-My house isin front ofthe bank --Mi casa est en frente del banco

Into(ntchu)-en, a, dentro, hacia adentro

-The cook wentintothe kitchen-- El cocinero fue a la cocina-He put some vegetablesintoa pot-- Puso algunas verduras dentro de una olla

Near(ner)-cerca de

-My apartment isneara bank-- Mi departamento est cerca de un banco

Next to(nxt tchu)-al lado de, junto a

-The bank isnext toa police station-- El banco est al lado de una comisara

Of(ov)-de

-The cabin is madeofwood-- La cabaa est hecha de madera-He is a friendofmine-- l es un amigo mo

Off(of)-de, fuera de(lo contrario de On)

-I took a bookoffthe shelf-- Saqu un libro del estante (antes estabaon= sobre the shelf)-He tookoffhis coat-- l se sac su saco (antes su saco estabaon= puesto)-The boat is 3 milesoffthe coast-- El barco est a 3 millas en frente de la costa-They turnedoffthe TV-- Ellos apagaron la TV (antes estabaon= encendido)

On -en,sobre, encima

-Onthe bed-- En la cama-Onthe wall-- En la pared-Onfoot-- A pie-Onthe telephone-- Al telfono-Onthe left/right-- A la izquierda/derecha-OnMonday/Tuesday...-- El lunes/martes...-Onthe radio. On TV-- En la radio . En la TV-Onvacation-- De vacaciones-She put her coaton-- Ella se puso su saco (antes estabaoff)-I turnedonthe lights-- Encend las luces (antes estabanoff)

Onto(ntu)-encima de, sobre, en

-The soccer players walkedontothe field-- Los futbolistas entraron al campo de juego

On top of(on tp ov)-sobre, encima de

-He was standingon top ofa roof-- Estaba parado en el techo

Out of(ut ov)-fuera de, sin

-He cameout ofthe bathroom-- l sali del bao-He took a rabbitout ofhis hat-- Sac un conejo de su galera-We areout ofmoney-- Estamos sin dinero

Over(uver)-sobre, ms de, durante, al otro lado de

-The plane was flyingoverthe city-- El avin estaba volando sobre la ciudad-She isover30 years old-- Ella tiene ms de 30 aos-Bill will not workoverthe next month-- Bill no trabajar durante el mes prximo-The dog jumpedoverthe fence and ran away-- El perro salt la cerca y huy

Per(per)-por

-That model charges 1000 dollarsperhour-- Esa modelo cobra 1000 dlares por hora

Round(rund)-alrededor de

-The shop is justroundthe corner-- El negocio est justo a la vuelta de la esquina-The family satroundthe table-- La familia se sent alrededor de la mesa

Since(sns)-desde

-Susan has been studyingsince3 o'clock-- Susan ha estado estudiando desde las 3-The champion has practiced this sportsincehe was a little boy-- El campen ha practicado este deporte desde que era un muchachito

Through(zr)-A travs de, por, por medio de

-I was able to see a housethroughthe fog-- Pude ver una casa a travs de la neblina-They ranthroughthe forest-- Corrieron a travs del bosque-I learned about his divorcethroughthe newspaper-- Me enter de su divorcio por medio del diario

Throughout(zru ut)-por todo, durante todo

-It was rainingthroughoutthe country-- Estaba lloviendo por todo el pas-It rainedthroughoutthe winter-- Llovi durante todo el invierno

Till(til)=hasta=Until

(ver until)

To(tchu)-a, hasta, hacia

-I wanttogive somethingtoher-- Quiero darle algo a ella-They turnedtothe left and went straighttothe university-- Doblaron a la izquierda y fueron derecho a la universidad

Toward(tuard)-hacia-(tambin se escribeTowards)

-A storm is goingtowardthe city-- Una tormenta est yendo hacia la ciudad-Billy started to runtowardhis mother-- Biilly comenz a correr hacia su madre-We were all very hungrytowardnoon-- Estbamos todos muy habrientos hacia el medioda

Under(nder)-debajo de -(under = below = beneath = underneath)

-The mouse wentunderthe bed-- El ratn se meti debajo de la cama-I have a T-shirtundermy sweater-- Tengo una remera debajo de mi suter-He is workingunderpressure-- l est trabajando bajo presin-Everything isundercontrol-- Todo est bajo control

Underneath(andernz)-debajo de -(under = below = beneath = underneath)

-There is rustunderneaththe paint --Hay xido debajo de la pintura

Until(antl)-hasta

-They played socceruntilthey got tired-- Jugaron al ftbol hasta que se cansaron-He studieduntilmidnight-- l estudi hasta la medianoche-The results will not be givenuntiltomorrow-- Los resultados no sern dados hasta maana

Up(ap)-hacia arriba de

-He climbedupthe mountain-- l trep la montaa-They wentupthe stairs-- Subieron las escaleras-Goupthis road until you see a big house-- And por este camino hasta que veas un gran casa

Upon(apn)-sobre, encima de

-He threw himselfuponthe floor-- Se tir al piso-She satuponthe bench-- Se sent en el banco-The engineers put their attentionuponthe new machine --Los ingenieros pusieron su atencin en la nueva mquina

With(widz)-con, de

-Will you comewithme ? --Vendrs conmigo?-She went to the partywithall her friends-- Se fue a la fiesta con todos sus amigos-The girlwithgreen eyes-- La chica de ojos verdes

Within(widn)-dentro de, a menos de

-The show will startwithinan hour-- El show comenzar dentro de una hora-There is a gas stationwithintwo miles from here-- Hay una estacin de servicio a menos de dos millas de aqu-That is notwithinour reach-- Eso no est dentro de nuestro alcance

Without(widut)-sin

-I want coffeewithoutsugar-- Quiero caf sin azcar-He crossed the streetwithoutpaying attention-- Cruz la calle sin poner atencin

Terminaciones

Verbos terminados en...VerSustantivosVerAdjetivos

ateizeishoreoyestessuteoseedeeveectaseiveistenferfy

inermortptitudeendentainareadeumeultlyictireuse

VerboSustantivo

abominate - (abminit)abomination

accelerate - (akslerit)acceleration

accomodate - (acmodit)alojaraccomodation

accumulate - (akimulit)accumulation

activate - (ktivit)activity

adulterate - (adlterit)adulteration

advocate - (dvokit) -abogar poradvocacy

aggravate - (gravit)aggravation

agitate - (yitit)agitation

alienate - (ilienit)alienation

allocate - (lokit)asignarallocation

alternate - (lternit)alternation

amalgamate - (amlgamit)amalgamation

amputate - (mpiutit)amputation

animate - (nimit)animation

annihilate - (anielit)annihilation

anticipate - (antcipit)anticipation

appreciate - (aprsiit)appreciation

appropriate - (aprpriit)appropriation

articulate - (artkiulit)articulation

assassinate - (assinit)assassination

associate - (asusiit)association

calculate - (clkiulit)calculation

celebrate - (clebrit)celebration

circulate - (srkiulit)circulation

commemorate - (commorit)commemoration

communicate - (cominikit)communication

compensate - (cmpensit)compensation

complicate - (cmplikit)complication

concentrate - (cncentrit)concentration

conciliate - (consliit)conciliation

confiscate - (cnfiskit)confiscation

conglomerate - (conglmerit)conglomeration

congratulate - (congrtiulit)congratulations

congregate - (cngreguit)congregation

consolidate - (conslidit)consolidation

contaminate - (contminit)contamination

contemplate - (cntemplit)contemplation

cooperate - (coperit)cooperation

coordinate - (cordinit)coordination

correlate - (crrelit)coorelation

corroborate - (corrborit)corroboration

create - (criit)creation

culminate - (clminit)culmination

cultivate - (cltivit)cultivation

debate - (dibit)debate

decorate - (dcorit)decoration

dedicate - (ddicate)dedication

deflate - (dflit) -desinflardeflation

degenerate - (deynerit)degeneration

delegate - (dleguit)delegation

deliberate - (delberit)deliberation

demonstrate - (dmonstrit)demonstration

denigrate - (dnigrit)denigration

designate - (dsignit)designation

deteriorate - (detriorit)deterioration

detonate - (dtonit)detonation

devastate - (dvastit)devastation

deviate - (dviit) -desviarsedeviation

dictate - (dctit)dictation

differentiate - (difernshiit)differentiation

discriminate - (discrminit)discrimination

dislocate - (dsloukit)dislocation

disseminate - (disminit)dissemination

dissipate - (dsipit)dissipation

dissociate - (disushiit)dissociation

domesticate - (domstikit)domestication

dominate - (dminit)domination

donate - (dunit)donation

duplicate - (dplikit)duplication

educate - (dchukit)education

elaborate - (elborit)elaboration

elevate - (levit)elevation

eliminate - (elminit)elimination

elongate - (longuit)elongation

elucidate - (elcidit)elucidation

emanate - (manit)emanation

emancipate - (imncipit)emancipation

emigrate - (migrit)emigration

enunciate - (innciit)enunciation

equate - (kuit) -equipararequation

eradicate - (errdikit)erradication

escalate - (scalit) -intensificarseescalation

estimate - (stimit)estimation

evacuate - (ivkiuit)evacuation

evaluate - (evliuit)evaluation

evaporate - ()evaporation

exaggerate - ()exaggeration

exasperate - ()exasperation

excavate - ()excavation

execrate - ()execration

exonerate - ()exoneration

exterminate - ()extermination

extortionate - ()extortion

facilitate - ()facilitation

fascinate - ()fascination

fluctuate - ()fluctuation

formulate - ()formulation

frustate - ()frustration

germinate - ()germination

gesticulate - ()gesticulation

graduate - ()graduation

hesitate - ()hesitation

humiliate - ()humiliation

illustrate - ()illustration

imitate - ()imitation

impersonate - ()impersonation

implicate - ()implication

incarnate - ()incarnation

incinerate - ()incineration

incorporate - ()incorporation

incriminate - ()incrimination

indicate - ()indication

infiltrate - ()infiltration

inflate - ()inflation

initiate - ()initiation

insinuate - ()insinuation

instigate - ()instigation

insulate - ()insulation

integrate - ()integration

intimidate - ()intimidation

intoxicate - ()intoxication

invalidate - ()invalidation

investigate - ()investigation

irrigate - ()irrigation

isolate - ()isolation

laceratelaceration

legislatelegislation

liberateliberation

liquidateliquidation

litigatelitigation

locatelocation

lubricatelubrication

mitigatemitigation

moderatemoderation

motivatemotivation

mutilatemutilation

narratenarration

navigatenavigation

negotiatenegotiation

nominatenomination

obliterateobliteration

originateorigination

oscillateoscillation

overestimateoverestimation

penetratepenetration

perforateperforation

perpetrateperpetration

perpetuateperpetuity

placateplacation

postulatepostulation

precipitateprecipitation

predominatepredominance

procrastinateprocrastination

radiateradiation

refrigeraterefrigeration

rehabilitaterehabilitation

regenerateregeneration

regulateregulation

relaterelation

repudiaterepudiation

retaliateretaliation

resuscitateresuscitation

reverberatereverberation

rotaterotation

saturatesaturation

segregatedegregation

separateseparation

speculatespeculation

stimulatestimulation

stipulatestipulation

suffocatesuffocation

tabulatetabulation

toleratetoleration

translatetranslation

underestimateunderestimation

urinateurination

vegetatevegetation

venerateveneration

ventilateventilation

vibratevibration

vindicatevindication

Pronunciacin

PGINA 1PGINA 2PGINA 3PGINA 4PGINA 5PGINA 6PGINA 7PGINA 8

all(ol) todos- ball(bol) pelota- call(col) llamada- fall(fol) cada- hall(jol) sala- mall(mol) centro comercial- tall(tol) alto- wall(uol) pared- small(smol) pequeo- stall(stol) puesto de mercado- recall(ricol) recordar- squall(skuol) rfaga- pitfall(ptfool) riesgo

jaw(yo) mandbula- law(lo) ley- paw(po) pata- raw(ro) crudo- saw(so) sierra- claw(clo) garra- draw(dro) empate- flaw(flo) defecto- gnaw(no) roer- thaw(zo) deshielo- straw(stro) pajita- bawl(bol) chillar- dawn(don) amanecer- hawk(jok) halcn- lawn(lon) csped- pawn(pon) empear- yawn(ion) bostezo- brawl(brol) pelea- brawn(bron) fuerza muscular- crawl(crol) gatear- drawl(drol) habla lenta y aburrida- shawl(shol) chal

clause(clos) clusula, oracin- cause(cos) cause- gauze(gos) gasa- sauce(sos) salsa- pause(pos) pausa, interrupcin- fauna(fona) fauna- sauna(sona) sauna- launch(lonch) lanzar, lanzamiento- paunch(ponch) panza, barriga- haunch(jonch) cadera, anca- fraud(frod) fraude- daub(dob) embardunar- fault(folt) culpa, defecto- vault(volt) bveda, cripta- haul(jol) tirar, transportar- flaunt(flont) ostentar, lucir- haunt(jont) guarida- gaunt(gont) demacrado, flaco- jaunt(yont) excursin

dine(din) cenar- fine(fin) bien, lindo, multa- line(lin) lnea, cola- mine(min) mina- nine(nin) nueve- pine(pin) pino- wine(uin) vino- brine(brin) salmuera- shine(shin) brillo, lustre- hide(jid) esconder- ride(rid) paseo- side(sid) lado- tide(tid) marea- wide(wuid)ancho- bride(brid) novia- guide(gid) gua- pride(prid) orgullo- knife(nif) cuchillo- life(lif) vida- wife(wif) esposa- bike(bik) bici- dike(dik) dique- hike(jik) caminata- like(lik) gustar- mike(mik) micr(fono- pike(pik) pica- bile(bil) bilis- file(fil) archivo, lima- mile(mil) milla- pile(pil) montn- tile(til) azulejo- vile(vil) vil- dice(dis) dados- lice(lis) piojos- mice(mis) ratones- nice(nis) agradable, amable- rice(ris) arroz- vice(vis) vicio- price(pris) precio- slice(slis) tajada, rebanada, rodaja- spice(spis) especia- dime(dim) moneda de diez centavos- lime(lim) lima- time(tim)tiempo, vez, poca- chime(chim) campanada- crime(crim) delito- prime(prim) primero, principal- pipe(pip) tubo, cao, pipa- ripe(rip) maduro- wipe(wuip) limpiar- stripe(strip) raya- dire(dir) horrible- fire(fir) fuego, incendio- hire(jir) contratar- mire(mir) fango, lodo- tire(tir) cansarse- wire(wir) alambre, cable- bite(bit) morder- kite(kit) cometa- rite(rit) rito- site(sit) sitio- trite(trit) trivial- write(rit) escribir- dive(div) sumergirse, bucear- five(fiv) cinco- hive(jiv) colmena- alive(aliv) vivo- drive(driv) conducir

face(fis) cara- lace(lis) encaje, cordn- mace(mis) maza- pace(pis)paso, ritmo- race(ris) carrera, raza- grace(gris) gracia- place(plis) lugar- space(spis) espacio- trace(tris) rastro- fade(fid) desteirse- grade(grid) grado, curso- shade(shid) sombra- spade(spid) pala- trade(trid) comercio,oficio- safe(sif) seguro, caja fuerte- chafe(chif) rozar, irritar- cage(kidch) jaula- page(pidch) pgina- rage(ridch) rabia, furia- sage(sidch) salvia- wage(widch) salario- stage(stidch) etapa, escena- bake(bik) hornear- cake(kik) torta- fake(fik) falso- hake(jik) merluza- lake(lik) lago- make(mik) hacer- rake(rik) rastrillo- take(tik) tomar, llevar- wake(wik) despertar- brake(brik) freno- flake(flik) copo, escama- quake(kuik) terremoto- shake(shik) sacudir- snake(snik) serpiente- stake(stik) estaca, apuesta- dale(dil) valle- gale(guil) vendaval- male(mil) masculino, varn- female(fimil) femenino, hembra- pale(pil) plido- sale(sil) venta- tale(til) cuento- scale(skil) escala, escama- stale(stil) rancio, pasado- whale(uil) ballena- fame(fim) fama- game(guim) juego- lame(lim) rengo- name(nim) nombre- same(sim) mismo- tame(tim) manso- flame(flim) llama- frame(frim) marco- shame(shim) verguenza, lstima- cane(kin) caa- lane(lin) callejn, carril- mane(min) crin, melena- pane(pin) cristal- wane(win) menguar- crane(krin) gra- inane(inin) necio- plane(plin) avin, plano- cape(kip) capa- gape(guip) mirar boquiabierto- rape(rip) violacin- tape(tip) cinta- drape(drip) cubrir- grape(grip) uva- shape(ship) forma- escape(eskip) fuga- base(bis) base- case(kis) caso, estuche- vase(vis) florero- chase(chis) persecusin- erase(iris) borrar- phase(fis) fase- phrase(fris) frase- date(dit) fecha, cita- fate(fit) destino- gate(guit) puerta- hate(jit) odiar- late(lit) tarde, atrasado- mate(mit) compaero- rate(rit) razn, porcentaje, tarifa- crate(krit) cajn- grate(grit) rallar- plate(plit) plato, placa- skate(skit) patn- slate(slit) pizarra- state(stit) estado , declarar- estate(estit) propiedad, finca- create(kriit) crear- cave(kiv) cueva, caverna- nave(niv) nave- pave(piv) pavimentar- rave(riv) ponerse furioso- save(siv) salvar, ahorrar, guardar- wave(wiv) ola, onda- daze(dis) aturdir- gaze(guis) mirada fija- haze(jis) neblina- laze(lis) holgazanear- maze(mis) laberinto- raze(ris) arrazar- craze(kris) manaTo Do / To Make

Los verbosto doyto makesignifican "hacer" pero se utilizan en forma diferente. Aqu hay algunos ejemplos:

Mrs. Jones is a housewifeLa seora Jones es una ama de casa

She has to do the houseworkElla tiene que hacer el trabajo de la casaShe has to make the bedsElla tiene que hacer las camas

She has to do the cookingElla tiene que cocinarShe has to make breakfastElla tiene que hacer el desayuno

She has to do the washing upElla tiene que fregar los platosShe has to make lunchElla tiene que hacer el almuerzo

She has to do the washing/the laundryElla tiene que lavar la ropa suciaShe has to make dinnerElla tiene que hacer la cena

She has to do the shoppingElla tiene que hacer las comprasShe has to make coffee/teaElla tiene que hacer caf/t

She has to do the ironingElla tiene que planchar la ropaShe has to make a cakeElla tiene que hacer un torta

She has to do the dustingElla tiene que quitar el polvo a las cosasShe has to make sure that the house is in orderElla tiene que asegurarse que la casa est en orden

Mr. Jones is a businessmanEl seor Jones es un empresario

He is doing business with important companiesl est haciendo negocios con firmas importantesHe would like to make a long trip/journeyLe gustara hacer un largo viaje

He is doing well in his jobVa bien en su trabajoHis employees make fun of himSus empleados se burlan de l

He does his best to improve his companyHace lo mejor que puede para mejorar su empresaHe has to make a speech for a meetingTiene que hacer un discurso para una reunin

He has to make decisions every dayTiene que tomar desiciones todos los das

He is making a lot of moneyEst haciendo un montn de dineroHis secretary makes appointments for himSu secretaria arregla citas para l

He is making a fortuneEst haciendo una fortunaShe also makes telephone calls and reservationsTambin hace llamadas telefnicas y reservas

He doesn't like to make mistakesNo le gusta equivocarseHe says that his employees make troublel dice que sus empleados causan problemas

Sometimes he makes a fuss when something goes wrongAlgunas veces arma un lo cuando algo sale malHe also says that women make a lot of noiseTambin dice que las mujeres hacen mucho ruido

He rarely makes jokesCasi nunca hace chistesHe often makes a fool of himselfA menudo se pone en ridculo

He doesn't have much time to make friendsNo tiene mucho tiempo para hacer amigosHe makes use of his authority to threaten peopleUtiliza su autoridad para amenazar a las personas

He is making an effort to increase salesEst haciendo un esfuerzo para aumentar las ventasSome of his decisions don't make senseAlgunas de sus decisiones no tienen sentido

Otros Ejemplos

John is doing badly at school(he is not doing well)- John no va bien en la escuela

He doesn't like to do his homework- No le gusta hacer su tarea

The hurricane did a lot of damage in the area- El huracn caus mucho dao en la zona

The policeman was doing his duty when he arrested the thief- El polica estaba cumpliendo con su deber cuando arrest al ladrn

Mary did her hair and her face and left for the party- Mary se pein, se maquill y sali para la fiesta

"Can you do me a favor ?"- Me pods hacer un favor?

"I want to make a complaint about the service in this hotel"- Quiero presentar una queja sobre el servicio en este hotel

The man and the woman were making love in the back seat of their car-El hombre y la mujer estaban haciendo el amor en el asiento trasero de su auto

Johnny made a mess in his room- Johnny hizo un desorden en su cuarto

Bill made his way to the university- Bill se dirigi a la universidad