Chapter 19: Prepositions, Conjunctions,

and Interjections

Chapter 19, Section 1

• Attention Grabber...– You’re mentioning PREPOSITIONS.

• Define Preposition:– They relate words within a sentence.– Shows relationships between separate things,

including location, direction, cause, & possession.

– They can be single words or compound instead. (page 402)

Replace the preposition with another preposition

1) Does the basketball season generally come before the football season?

1) after

2) The standard length of a basketball court is 94 feet, and the width is 50 feet.

1) for

3) A basket attached to a backboard hangs over each end of the court.

1) at

Prepositional Phrases

• Main Idea:– A group of words that includes a preposition &

a noun or pronoun.• The noun or pronoun following the preposition is

called the object of a preposition.

Identify the Prepositional Phrases

1) College basketball tournaments came into their own in 1939. (2)

1) into their own; in 1939

2) Since that time, players have been setting records. (1)

1) Since that time

3) Players are often named all-American for outstanding performances. (1)

1) for outstanding performances

Preposition or Adverb?

• Quick tip:– Prepositions have objects; adverbs do not.

• Examples:– The ball flew through the net.

• Preposition; object is net

– We were waved right through.• Adverb

Identify the underlined words as preposition or adverb

1) Have you ever seen a live college basketball game before?

1) adverb

2) A sign outside the arena said my two favorite teams were playing inside.

1) Outside is a preposition; inside is an adverb

3) Come along; let’s get to our seats before the game starts.

1) adverb

19.2 Conjunctions & Interjections

• What is the difference between conjunctions and interjections?– Conjunction link ideas– Interjections add emotion.

Three Types of Conjunction

1. Coordinating conjunctions1. Connects similar words together.

2. Correlative conjunctions1. Connect similar words, but appear in pairs.

3. Subordinating conjunctions1. Connects 2 complete ideas, but one is more

important than the other.

Identify the conjunction. Is it a coordinating, correlative, or subordinating conjunction? State none if there is no conjunction.

1) The term environment refers to the surroundings of either an individual organism or a community of organisms.

1) either…or; correlative

2) The word surroundings refers to all living and nonliving materials around an organism.

1) and; coordinating

3) These materials include both food and water.1) Both…and; correlative

Identify the conjunction. Is it a coordinating, correlative, or subordinating conjunction?

1) An organism is influenced not only by its immediate surroundings but also by physical forces.

1) Not only…but also; correlative

2) When we use the word environment, we often think about the adverse effects of human activities.

1) When; subordinating

3) Environmental groups work to prevent or lessen damage caused by human activities.

1) or; coordinating

Conjunctive Adverbs

• Def: Acts as a conjunction to connect complete ideas.

• Example: – Human activities sometimes having damaging

effects on the environment; therefore, society develops ways to prevent or lessen these damages.• therefore is a conjunctive adverb

Identify the Conjunctive Adverb

• Humans produce all kinds of waste; recycling is one way to reduce waste accumulation.– Rewritten: Humans produce all kinds of

waste; therefore, recycling is one way to reduce waste accumulation.

Interjections• Def: A word that expresses emotion or

feeling; it functions independently of a sentence.

• Example:– (disappointment) Look at the garbage on the

ground.• Oh, look at the garbage on the ground.

– (pain) That burns.• Ouch! That burns.