Chuong 1 UML

CHNG 1: GII THIU UML (Unified Modeling Language)

PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT

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Ni dungUML l g? S lc lch s pht trin ca UML Cc khung nhin ca UML Lc ca UML 2.0 Case study 1: H thng POS Case study 2: H thng Library


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UML - Unified modeling languageLanguage = vocabulary + grammar UML la mt ngn ng m hinh (modeling language)

Vocabulary: phn t hinh anh Grammar: quy tc kt ni cc phn tbiu

din y nim va vt ly ca mt h thng Dung UML tao va oc cc m hinh nhng khng th cho bit tao m hinh gi va khi nao thi tao chungPTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 3

Owning a hammer doesnt make one an architect


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UML - Unified modeling language

UML dung : Hinh tng hoa (Visualizing) c ta (Specifying) Xy dng (Constructing) Lu tr (Documenting)


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UML l ngn ng dng hinh anh hoa No giup cc developer m ta cc y tng, d dang oc c m hnh xy dng bng UML do mt ngi khc vit Nhng cu truc ma vic nm bt thng qua oc m lnh la kho khn nay c th hin trc quan


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UML l ngn ng dng c ta

UML co th c ta tt ca cc quyt nh quan trong trong phn tch, thit k va thc thi mt h thng phn mm


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UML l ngn ng dng xy dngCc m hinh xy dng bi UML co th nh xa ti mt ngn ng lp trinh c th nh : Java, C++, VB... thm ch ca cc bang trong mt CSDL quan h hay CSDL hng i tng Anh xa nay goi la (forward engineering).

Reverse engineering la gi????PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 8

UML l ngn ng dng lu tr ti liu Dung ghi chp v: cc yu cu ca h thng Kin truc ca h thng Thit k M ngun K hoach d n Tests Cc nguyn mu


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Lch s pht trin ca UMLNgn ng hng i tng u tin la Simula-67 (1967) 1967 1994: d tha qu nhiu phng php lun hng i tng UML c pht trin vi n lc lam n gian va hp nht cc phng php

Phng php Booch + phng php OMT UP (Unified Process) (1994) Jacobson n lc tch hp phng php UP + OOSE UML u tin (1996) UML 1.0 cng b (1/1997) UML 2.0 cng b (2004)PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 10

Lch s pht trin ca UMLUML 2.0 (2004) UML 1.5 (2003) UML 1.3 (99) UML 1.2 (98) Chun ho bi OMG UML 1.1 (11- 97) UML 1.0 (1- 97) UML 0.9 (96) UML 0.8 (95) OOSE Booch OMT Cc phng php khc Cc thnh vin cng nghip (HP, IBM,Oracle, Microsoft, Rational,)

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Cc khung nhin (view) ca UML

Khung nhn lun l (logical view)

Khung nhn thc hin (implementation view)

Khung nhn use case (Use case view)

Khung nhn x l (process view)

Khung nhn trin khai (deployment view)

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Use-Case ViewCha cc use case m ta hanh vi ca h thng di goc nhin ca ngi dung cui, nha phn tch hay ngi kim th h thng. Khng xt t chc bn trong ca phn mm, ma chi lam ro cc chc nng chnh ca h thng Dang tinh:

Use Case diagrams

Dang ng:

Activity diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams

Khi bt u d n, lc use case uc dung thng nht h thng gia khch hang va nha pht trin h thng13

Logical View ( hay design view)

Cha cc class, interface va s cng tc gia chung H tr cho cc yu cu chc nng ca h thng di dang cc dch v (service) ma h thng cung cp cho ngi dung cui. Dang tinh: Class diagrams Object diagrams

Dang ng: Activity diagrams Sequence diagrams Collaboration diagrams

tao khung nhin thit k thng theo hai bc. Bc 1: nhn ra cc lp phn tch (analysis class) c lp vi ngn ng lp trinh Bc 2: chuyn cc lp phn tch thanh cc lp thit k (design class) phu thuc theo ngn ng.14

Process ViewChia h thng thanh cc tin trinh(process) va lung(thread), m ta vic ng b hoa va cc x ly ng thi. Danh cho vic thc thi h thng Cc lc tinh va ng : tng t nh logical view

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Implementation View & Deployment ViewImplementation View: Bao gm cc component v file tao nn h thng vt ly. Biu c s dng la component diagram Deployment View: Chi ra cu hinh phn cng ma h thng s chay trn o. No th hin s phn tn, cai t cc phn ma tao nn kin truc vt ly ca h thng. Biu c s dng l Deployment diagram.16

13 lc trong

UMLPTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 17

Case study 1: H thng POSH thng POS (Point-Of-Sale) la mt ng dng my tnh hoa c dung lu tr lai h s bn hang va quan ly vic thanh ton. H thng c dung cho cc ca hang bn le. Yu cu phn cng chi gm my tnh va my qut m vach (bar code scanner). Phn mm co th giao kt c vi cc ng dng khc nh tnh thu, quan ly kho,... H thng cung cn co kha nng hoat ng ngay ca khi co li kt ni vi cc dch v khc chng han nh khi h thng quan ly kho hay dch v thanh ton t xa tam thi khng kt ni c thi h thng POS vn co th quan ly vic bn hang va thanh ton bng tin mt.PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT

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Case study 2: H thng LibraryIt is a support system for a library. The library lends books and magazines to borrowers, who are registered in the system, as are the books and magazines. The library handles the purchase of new titles for the library. Popular titles are bought in multiple copies. Old books and magazines are removed when they are out of date or in poor condition. The librarian is an employee of the library who interacts with the customers (borrowers) and whose work is supported by the system.PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 19

Case study 2: H thng Library (tt)A borrower can reserve a book or magazine that is not currently available in the library, so that when its returned or purchased by the library, that borrower is notified. The reservation is canceled when the borrower checks out the book or magazine or through an explicit canceling procedure. The librarian can easily create, update, and delete information about the titles, borrowers, loans, and reservations in the system. The system can run on all popular Web browser platforms (Internet Explorer 5.1+, Netscape 4.0+, and so on). The system is easy to extend with new functionality.PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 20

Mt s khi nim m rng trong UMLStereotypes Tagged values


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StereotypeStereotype dung xc nh mt loai phn t mi da vao mt phn t hin co. Stereotype ging nh phn t cu nhng co thm 1 s ng nghia khc. Stereotype co th c tao ra t tt ca cc phn t c ban ca UML: class, node, component, packages, associations, Mt s stereotype c nh nghiaPTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 22

Stereotype (tt)Ky hiu ca Stereotype: V d: mt h thng thng co rt nhiu class khc nhau thuc cc loai khc nhau, dung stereotype phn loai cc class nay. UML nh nghia sn 1 s stereotype cho class nh sau: , , PTTKHT bang UML - BM HTTT 23

Tagged valuesLa bt ky loai thng tin nao ma ngi dung mun gn vao phn t. c thc hin bng cch tao thuc tnh mi cho phn t va gn gi tr cho thuc tnh o.

Hai tagged values la author va status


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Bai tpCai t phn mm Rational Rose 2003 Mi quan h gia Rose va UML ??? Tim hiu thut ng

Artifact Stakeholder

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Chuong 1 UML