HAULING EQUIPMENT- TRUCKS

HAULING EQUIPMENTS

Introduction

• In the case of huge construction projects, proper use of the appropriate equipment contributes to economy, quality, safety, speed and timely completion of a project.• Equipment are use for highway projects, irrigation, buildings, power

projects etc.• 15-30% of total project cost has been accounted towards equipment and

machinery.

construction equipment 2

Classification of Construction Equipment

1.Earth-moving equipment2.Hauling equipment3.Hoisting equipment4.Conveying equipment5.Aggregate and concrete production equipment6.Pile-driving equipment7.Tunneling and rock drilling equipment8.Pumping and dewatering equipment


Hauling equipment• The equipment used for transportation of material are

known as hauling equipment or simply haulers.• Haulers may operate on the roadways or railways• It involve• transportation of construction materials,• carriage and disposal of excavated earth and processed

aggregates,• haulage of heavy construction equipment.


Classification of Trucks1. The method of dumping the load- Rear-dump, Bottom- dump, Side-dump2. The type of frame- Rigid-frame or articulatedOther types of Classification:1. The size and type of engine- Gasoline, Diesel, Butane or Propane.2. The kind of drive- Two-wheel, four-wheel or six-wheel3. The number of wheels and axles and the arrangement of driving wheels4. The class of material hauled- earth, rock, coal or ore5. The capacity- Gravimetric(tons) or Volumetric(cubic yards)



Durability Good with steel, less so with aluminum.

Stability Greater chance of tip-over, especially in uneven dumping locations or off level.

Maneuverability Brilliant for unloading in tight spaces and offers rapid unloading.

Capacity Can carry massive loads including large demolition debris.

Common applications

Construction (both road and building), aggregate stockpiling, snow removal.

Payload Better yard capacity with typically higher sides

• These are heavy duty trucks with strongly built body which is hinged on the truck chassis at the rear end and one side respectively, and can be fitted to the rear in the case of rear dump, through the action of hydraulic jacks.

Rear-Dump Trucks


• A side dump trailer has hydraulic rams that tilt the body to dump material to the right or left side of the trailer. This allows for maximum payload, as well as rapid unloading. The trailer also remains stable during the dumping cycle.

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Durability Good

Stability Safer for offloading

Maneuverability Unfavorable for confined load; 50° dump angle ensures cleaner and faster work; Dump off distance is far away leaving the tyres undamaged; hydraulic rams allows for rapid unloading

Capacity Carry more weight than other dump trucks.

Common applications

Road, levee construction and maintenance, excavation/pit mining

Payload Smaller cubic capacity, generally but capable of running in multiple-trailer configurations

construction equipment

Side-Dump Trucks

Bottom-Dump Trucks


Durability Proven durable despite the lower weight

Stability Considerably safe in comparison to others

Maneuverability Ideal for tighter dumping areas that are encountered in residential jobs.

Capacity Usually heavy duty and many are equipped with 3 axles to accommodate heavy loads.

Common applications

Generally used to haul Sand, Road Base, stock piling, material transport, re ground asaphalt, Other loose material.

Payload These are great for gravel, and don't work good with any kind of clay or big rocks, cold mix asphalt or even frost.

• Bottom dumps feature a clamshell dump gate on the bottom of the trailer. When the clamshell opens, it allows material to be precisely laid in a windrow left and right, or spread evenly across the rear of the trailer when it opens front to rear.

Trucks as Hauling Equipment(Adv.)

• High travel speeds of trucks result in relatively low hauling costs.• They exhibit a high degree of flexibility.• Trucks, mostly can be operated over any

haul road be it firm and smooth surfaces, and on grades which are not excessively steep.


Capacity of Trucks

Capacities of trucks and wagons are expressed in three ways-

1.By the load which it will carry, expressed gravimetrically in tons.

2.By its struck volume (cu yd).3.By its heaped volume (cu yd).


Capacity of Dump Trucks

The heaped capacity will vary with the height and angle at which the material may extend above the sides.• Wet earth or sandy clay may be hauled with

a slope of about 1:1• Dry sand or gravel may not permit a slope

greater than about 3:1


Performance CapabilitiesOf Trucks

Productive capacity of a truck depends on the following:• Size of its load• The number of trips- The number of trips per hour will

depend on the • Weight of the vehicle• The horsepower of the engine • The haul distance and the condition of haul road.


Small Trucks


Advantages Disadvantages

More flexible in maneuvering, which is a benefit on short hauls

Difficult for the excavator while loading to a small target

Have higher speeds More total spotting time lost in positioning the target.

Less loss in production when one truck in a fleet breaks down

More manual labor are required to haul the output

Easier to balance the number of trucks with the output of the excavator, which will reduce the time lost by the trucks or the excavator.

Greater number of trucks increases the investment and maintenance costs and also increases the danger of units bunching at the pit.

Large Trucks


Advantages Disadvantages

Fewer trucks results in lesser investment and maintenance costs and fewer manual labor

Cost of truck time at loading is greater, especially with small excavators.

Reduces the bunching of trucks Heavier loads may increase the maintenance costs of truck and the haul road.

Engines ordinarily use cheaper fuels i.e gasoline versus diesel but it is also location specific at times.

Largest sizes may not be permitted to haul on highways at times and repair parts may be difficult to obtain.

Dump Point Safety

THANK YOUT.L.V.S MURTHYR.T.PAVAN SAIAKANSHA VEENA TOPNOSANJANA JASTI

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HAULING EQUIPMENT- TRUCKS