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ICT for Development in Vietnam
Meeting the Challenges on Digital Gaps
4-5 February 2004, Jakarta, Indonesia
Le Duy TIENMinistry of Posts & Telematics, [email protected]
Vietnam at a Glance (2003)
Area: 329,560 sq km Population: 81 Million (est.) Literacy: 94% GDP per capita: USD 400 (est.) NRI: 3.13 (68/102 countries) Telephone density: 9 lines/100 inhabitants Percentage of Internet users: 3.99% Percentage of PC: ~ 1% ICT Labor: ~ 70,000 skilled people
Policy Environment
2000: Politic Bureau issued Directive No 58 2001: Decision of Government No 95 2002: Post & Telecom Ordinance 11/2002: Foundation of MPT - an
independent regulator 2003: Draft of National ICT Strategy 2004-2005: Law on Electronic Transaction 2006-2007: Law on Information Technology
IT Industry (2002)
90% of PCs assembled domestically PC assembly: 80% market, $ 325 M
revenue 400 software companies with 8000 workers 2,500 companies working in ICT field Outsourcing Productivity: ~ USD 9,400 Software Revenue: USD 75 M Software Parks: effective operation (eg.
Quang Trung SP consists of 52 companies with 2,400 labors)
Telecom (2003)
100% digital equipment 1996-2002: average growth rate: 32.5% Open market for several companies Fixed & Mobile growth: 32.5% & 87.3% Fixed phones double Mobile phones NGN Direction Transport Layer: High capacity with DWDM Access Layer: xDSL, Wi-Fi, WLL, HFC, etc. Telephone lines in 93.53% of communes
Internet (2003)
In service from 1997 to now: 6 IXP, 20 ISP Internet international bandwidth: ~ 1Gbit/s Average growth rate: 200-250% ~ 3 M Internet users (3.99% population) Broadband Internet Access: ADSL, Wi-Fi Internet access to all universities, colleges,
vocational & upper secondary schools
ICT Human Resource
Telecom: 50,000 people IT: 20,000 people (Software Labor: 8,000) Number of training unit increases rapidly Non-formal education is increasingly
important Close links with foreign partners From 2003: 10,000 IT students annually Low work performance: $ 222/line Many graduates unemployed (haft) The ICT training quality is quite low
Competitive Environment
Active transition from monopoly to open market:
5 Mobile phone licenses 5 Local fixed phone 3 Long distance phone 3 International phone 12 Domestic & International VoIP 10 Internet phone, etc.
VNPT is an incumbent ICT provider (91% revenue)
Service charges reduction
ICT Applications
E-Government (WAN of Party & Government) 61 Provinces & cities; 52 Ministries & Sectors 1,000 LANs; 1,200 Servers 50,000 PCs; Basic Office Applications Several Web portals were in service last year
E-Commerce: 3 e-commerce portals E-Bank: 80% of bank business, ATM emerging E-Learning: EduNet Project ($ 445, est.) Many press websites: 2,000 (~40%) ICT for Agriculture: 6,755 tele-centers
http://vietnamgateway.org/vanhoaxa/english/home.htm
Vietnamease NGOs
Actively involved in the ICT development Vietnam Software Association (VINASA)
http://www.vinasa.org Vietnam Association for Information Processing
http://www.vaip.org Members from 31 provinces and many areas
Vietnam Automation Association Vietnam PC Trademark Association Youth Union: Second powerful Organization
Government establish close link with NGOs
Challenges
Poor policy environment Lack of legal frameworks Poor ICT infrastructure:
Low tele-density, PC Small number of Internet users Limited Competitiveness
Limited attraction of investment capitals Lack of Skilled Professionals Software Copyright Violation
Visions to 2020
ICT as a main driving force, Vietnam will basically become an will basically become an industralised country in the direction modernisation; an intellectual Vietnam will be built, belonging to Advance countries in the ASEAN region in terms of ASEAN region in terms of Information Society and ICT
Objectives to 2010
Vietnam will reach the upper-middle ranks in ICT development and application among ASEAN countries
Objectives to 2005
Vietnam will reach the average level of ICT development and application among ASEAN countries
Solutions (1)
Awareness improvement National support in socio-economic
ability improvement Ability and effectiveness
improvement of national management of ICT
Raising and effectively using funds, attracting foreign investment
Human resource development for ICT
Solutions (2)
Develop the research and implementation system
Gradually complete the environment for domestic ICT application and development
Strengthen the cooperation and relationship internally and internationally
ICT market development
Proposed Programs
ICT applications Promotion ICT industry Promotion Telecom & Internet infrastructure
Promotion ICT Labor Promotion
Proposed Projects
1 million cheap PC for the community E-literacy for 20 million citizens Training 1000 Chiefs of Information (CIO) 30,000 IT skilled experts Electronic ID card for all citizens 50 percent of businesses utilize ICT to improve
the competitive ability 100 percent of high schools use Internet in
education Digitalization of 50 percent of official documents
in government sector 1 million websites for the public interest 50 percent of basic public services online