Jacksonian DemocracyChapter 10, Section 1

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Election of 1824 Several Republican candidates ran Three were favorite sons (supported by home

states rather than national party) Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, & John Quincy Adams

No one candidate received majority of electoral vote

House prepared to vote to decide Clay & Adams made an agreement to use

Clay’s influence as Speaker of the House to help get Adam’s elected over Jackson

John Quincy Adams was elected president

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Election of 1824

Political Parties 1828 Democratic

Republicans Supported Andrew

Jackson Favored states’ rights

& mistrusted strong central government

Many Democrats were frontier people, immigrants, or city workers

National Republicans Supported John Quincy

Adams Wanted strong central

government Supported federal

measures, such as road building & a national bank, that would help the economy

Many were merchants or farmers

Two Candidates John Quincy Adams Vs Andrew Jackson

Election of 1828 Both parties resorted to mudslinging or

attempts to ruin their opponents reputation

John C. Calhoun (Adam’s former VP) switched parties & sided with Jackson

Jackson won votes of frontier people & Southerners = won in a landslide

Election of 1828

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Election of 1828: State Results

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What helped Jackson be elected?

Jackson became a national hero during the War of 1812

His nickname was “Old Hickory” because he was as tough as a hickory tree

Jackson was seen as a “common man” and small farmers, craft workers, & others supported him

Suffrage, or the right to vote, had been expanded Property requirements for voting were relaxed or

eliminated

Jackson’s Inauguration

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Jackson Assassination Attempt

Spoils System “To the Victor Goes the Spoils” President Jackson replaced many federal

workers with his supporters Goal of the Democrats = shake up the

federal bureaucracy They thought ordinary citizens could handle

any government job Spoils System = practice of replacing

government employees with the winning candidate’s supporters

“To the Victor Goes the Spoils”

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Kitchen Cabinet Jackson put unqualified people in his

Cabinet & did not meet with them He met with other advisors in the kitchen

of the White House. These advisors became known as the

Kitchen Cabinet

A Crisis Over Tariffs Tariff: a fee paid by merchants who imported

goods Tariff of Abominations: name Southerners

gave to the highest tariff ever It was passed to protect Northern manufacturers

from foreign competition (Americans were more likely to buy American-made goods)

South had to pay higher prices for European goods

How did the South Protest

the Tariff?

V.P. John C. Calhoun argued that a state or a group of states had the right to nullify, or cancel, a federal law it considered against state interests

Some Southerners call for Southern states to secede, or break away, from the U.S.

Nullification Crisis Nullification: the idea that a state

had the right to cancel a federal law it considered unconstitutional

Congress (1832) passed a new lower tariff & Pres. Jackson had Congress pass a Force Bill, allowing military action to enforce acts of Congress

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John C. Calhoun

Nullification Crisis

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