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Shan Herald Agency for News 3

INDEPENDENCE

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4 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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6 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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INDEPENDENCE

|uAOfbuyf;v.ifjeBU w.ifjxmrfzljcmefymufbwyfU

odkuf;qdkifjwB; (SSA) vB.wB;vFif; qOfj[mef

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vdlufjwifjauMj rdlefwif;urfUxFrf ydlifiOfjydkif;

rldif; nefqkrf;odkuf;rmefjcAefbwFrfjZBmbvAOf

ao wrf;Omif;zFefayUumefvdlufjwifj ydlOfj

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wqp (NUP) qdlOf;eBU cOfj=rfjyMbwDb

odlOfzdlufbwif;erfeyfU=Ofodyf;? rmify.ufU 10

yBm? wif;OAif;cfgjrD;[drf;ymufb/ e.ufjaoeefU

auMvdufjvBm; auMjcOfj=rfjz.ifj/ rdlOfjvAOf

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ulef;wmifbyMbwDbudlif;ql;erf

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z.if;wFef;c.if NLD ayUumefvdlufjwifj

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NLD ugMbcOfjql; SNLD / vdkef;okwf;yMbwDb

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c]h voy96bdyTxy.TmwKjp5j mC'yh9'yro,y

auMurfumefiOfjikef; EC wDjvMjoAOfjrD; 19

auMU? zljcOfjyMbwDbnrfb,.rf; 800 auMU?

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vFifbcmOfbvmwfjOMj- ]yMbwDbodlOfzdlufb

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¾ ¾ ¾

Ph

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8 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

wifjtwb=OfvdlefusL@vBm@rM; yMbwDb

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auMjnrfbayM;rD;? u.yfjeBtvj nrfbwkrfUwdlOfU

[Of;oif}-eB,OfU/ ¾

zljcAefomifjcvdyfUOD@WD@[email protected],Mj

,MUuOf;OMU cMUqdkOfjzljerf;


INDEPENDENCE

r.ufjOef;xd 18_07_10 ulef;ekrfby.wf;

+ifb rD;wdkOfUwmif;ugMbnFOfb,Arfjqfg; W.uf@wdlOf@

qBm;crf;vAuf; wDj=def;ref;qOfj OAif;vdlOfb

qBm;crf;vAuf;nrfb[yfUyAef

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vFifbcmOfbvmwfj- ]qOfjeMjwDjcOf

uBUugMbwkuf;,.ef;[krf;O.ef; {jref;[yfUyAef

z.if;wFef;cAOfeefU ref;nrfbw.efUw.yfb

vmwfjykwf;cmwfbwFufbvFif;? nrfbw.efUyef

ugmrf;refjOMj aw[yfUaw[Awf;aoy.ufj? v.ifj

nrfb[yfUvBjeefU nrfbOB=OfOkwf;Okwf; eifb

uOfb? ulpf;uMjref;wdkef;nrfb[yfU/ ref;qOfj

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g9]whsoyxG9yr-,yr-wjs6b;y

z5ho5dyj96b;y-;y gxkrv;y-wjd.kjlG'yhM

10 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

vBmZBmbuAyf;odkuf; wdkef;nrfbiBmj

ulef;rldif;zlifUyBmjulOfvBj[Awf;odkuf;

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vmwfjteeifbeB/ ¾

OBm;zljerf;qkrf;wB;udkwf;odkuf; ugMbwluf;

vlif;,.rf;[yfUvFufjvBmjyAefyDbwkqdwfU wDj

vkrf;u.ef;wdlif;odkuf;vMj oAOfjrdlOfj 22_04_10?

iOfjikef;oFifuFOfU wyfUqkrf; 3 wyfUqkrf; 7

yefoBmrBmnAef[Fif;u.ifj_ulef; qdlOf;vFufjvBmj

[Awf;yDbwkqdwfUrdlOfj 24_04_10 rM;eBU odkuf;

[mefzljrD;qefU qdlOf;nrfbcfgj[Awf;yDbwkqdwfU

n.ufbyBmjql;cOfj=rfj+rf; wyfUodkuf;qdkifjwB;

SSA qkrf;vB.wB;vFif;wif;erf/

zljcmefymufbwyfUodkuf;qdkifjwB; (SSA)

rldOfjumifvldefusL@vBm@ odkuf;rmefjqd

oifbuAyf;odkuf;rfgb tqjOAif;rldif;cmufb efg;ndlifb

rdlif;ekif; wif;rlwf; 7 Omefj? odkuf;rmefj

+ifUymifukrfylbumifUylb[Aif efg;ndlifbrldif;ekif;ao

qdoifbOBUOMj- awuAyf;odkuf;rfgbwif;nldifb

150 auMUtvj ulef;ekrfbefg;ndlifbrldif;ekif;

n.efuefyBmjugMbulj=;uljwmif;? urfjz.ifjyBmjugMb

rldif;cmufb uAif;wkif? ugMbwmif;rldif;y.ufU rdlif;zFef

auMjrD;? yBmjugMbwmif;vFefvdefxB;auMjrD;/

ulef;ekrfbnMb,k 30 yBmauMUedkifj

vmwfjOMj- ]efg;ndlifbrdlif;ekif;eBU uljy.ufj

odkuf;rmefjuAyf;odkuf; nrfb,mrfjrD;,mrfjidef;

odkuf;rmefjuAyf;odkuf;aoy.ufj/}-OMjeB/

ndlifbrdlif;ekif; rD;yDbwkqdwfUwB; wif;

rlwf;rD;r.ufj 20 auMU? rD;u.ifj 7-8 vOf;?

=OfeMjqdkOfj emefndef;elef; (nMb,k 53)

,lbOmefjwyfUrfgb? ref;qBm;vFyfjawvBjn.ef

=Ofvlif;olef;wkrfqdoifbuAyf;qB.j-eB,lb/


INDEPENDENCE

rdlOfjOef;xd 17_07_10 ,mrf; 10;00

rlif; umifefg odkuf;rmefj (cr, 109) wif;

odkuf;OMU (wyfUqkrf; 318) ,dkOf;uefwDj

OmefjrFOfh wlOf,mifb? edlOfwmif;uM; erfUwdkuf;-

=Ofymifb vFefcFefjOMUrmefj odkuf;OMUwluf;okrf;

1 auMU/ OmefjrFOfUwDj,dkOf;uefeBU yAefeMj

vdef,lbyMjwfgjodkuf;rmefjukrf;? ulpf;uMjodkuf;

rmefjnrfbyuf;odkuf;,lbOBUtvj rmify.ufjrmifvfg

odkuf;OMUuBUugMbnFOfb? u.yfjOMj,mefvmefb_

uAwfUOMU qAifbqmef;Oef;wluf;r.ufj 1 uD@

vlOf@cdkifj/

vFifbcmOfbvmwfjOMj- ]OmefjrFOfUrD; 30

vif=def;? yAefwDjodkuf;OMUuBUugMbnFOfb[Mudef

vOfj/ rdlOfjqOfjeMjwDjodkuf;rmefj ugMbvAyfj

[Aef;ulwfbxwf;=if;[Aef;eefU orfUyM;odkuf;

=rfbvlrfj 30-40 tvj odkuf;OMU 4-5 auMU

odkuf;rmefj,dkOf;odkuf;OMUwBmedkifjauMU

y.wf;=Ofymifb ,.efUu.ifjvefbvkwfj

qdlOf;,lbefg;Omefj[efrFefjao wluf;qfgOMj

rmefjawrM;,dkOf;[Of;,lOfh C eBao odkuf;OMU

auMUedkifj nOfu.ifjref;qBm;vefbvkwfjcdkefj

ZMU? odkuf;rmefjauMjOlefUOMj OMU,dkOf;cOfn.ef

wmif;eBao ,dkOf;ofgbOMU? rmefjnrfb=UOMjOMU

nOfu.ifjvefbvkwfjcdkefjZMU tvjvBj,dkOf;

uef}-OMjeB/

vFifbcmOfbndifnmifj acMjugmrf;zljrD;qefh

wyfUodkuf;OMUauMUedkifjvmwfjOMj? rdlOfj,dkOf;

uefeBU rFefjz.if;zljerf;odkuf;OMU nrfbrD;

erfUwdkuf;? yOf;nBmj\lifU zlju.ef;wyfUqkrf;

318 cOf wdkufUugMbcdkefjymifukrfwDj ymifomif;

nefqwf;[Awf;Oef;xd 15 awMbOef;xd

21_07_10 / BBC auMjn.ufbcmOfbOMj- nef

,dkOf;uefy.ufjeBU odkuf;OMUrD; 4 auMU rmefjrD;

30 yBm? OBm;,dkOf;uef,OfU ydOfb[Mbrl; wmef;

xkef;nl; ulwfUcBm ugMb,.ef;e.rf;,.rf;zdwf;

,lb-OMjeB/ ¾

SSA auMjuAyf;odkuf; y.wf;rldif;wlef rldif;,.if;

rdlif;zsmufj rldif;[B; qdlOf;eBU/

qOfjeMjwDjqefUokifefg; SSA vmwfj

OMj- ][Of;nrfbuAyf;odkuf;auMj ydlefjuAyf;uljrlb

uljqkrf;,lb? nAef[Fif;eBU wMbawMboljqkrf;

odkuf;rmefjcgmufjrldif;ulpf;? qkrf;vfguAyf;odkuf;

auMj,OfU v.ifjulef;rdlif;yBmjeDeBUcfgjyAefuljwDj?

ulpf;uMj ulef;uljauMUuljqkrf;eBU ayM;xmrfOMj

q.ifbcfgjvBjv.ifjxmifb[mifjv.wfjvFOf;_v.ifj

ylwf;yB.beB? zfgauMjorfUOMj cfgjvBjOmefjcfgjvBj

rdlif;,lb? ayM;uAyf;odkuf;orfU n.efuefyBmj aw

[Awf;[dkOfvBj} -OMjeB/

zljcmefymufb SSA qOfj[mefvmOfoFif

auMj,mrfjvmwfjOMj- ]ulef;rldif;wB;uljauMU

rD;ykefjz.ef;wuf;vBj[Awf;odkuf;uFwfbtcqdlOfU

qmwfjOmefjrldif; wdkuf;awM;yFwfjzljcAef[Of;?

ulef;ekrfbnMb,k 18 cdkefjedlOf wuf;vBj[myfb

udkwfUumefodkuf;cmOf;wmif; 5 yD? umefuAyf;odkuf;

eBU [Of;nrfbuAyf;auMjydlefjuAyf;}-OMjeB/¾

OBm;cAifjcFifawMbodkuf;rmefj nrfb,.rf;

[Awf;wyfUyfgUvFefvdefrM;eBU efg;cmOf;wmif;

3-4 vdlefrM; eMjvdefrdlif;vM;uljy.wf;w.efj

ywf;ydkefU uAyf;odkuf;rfgbxFifj 1b000 auMU? ZBmb

edkifjodkuf;OMUauMjuAyf;efg;eMjvdefOMUao wdkufU

vlif;=if;Zdkuf;o.efumefodkuf;ugMb wDjrldif;y.ufU

rldOfj=OfyDeBU? yDbwkqdwfUvBmvBmwDjauMjuAyf;

okduf;? z.if;,mrf;vAOfuef wyfUodkuf;qdkifjwB;

12 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

[email protected]@zlwf@ (Bangkok

Post) Oef;xd 24_07_10 n.ufbcmOfbOMj wyfU

odkuf;xB; u.if@xyfUzmufj 3 (nef=rfbvlrfj

qdkifjxB;y.wf;edlOf) awauMbwifjwyfUqkrf;rfgb

(wyfUqkrf;vlifrBm 7) xFifj ydlOfjwMbuFwfbtc

t[UuifjvFefvdefwdwf;qyf;rldif;vmOf;tvj

rdlif;rmefj? u.yfjOMjnAef[Fif;odkuf;xB; wyfUqkrf;

vlifrBm 1 tvjrBm 4 ,if;yBbyAif;ayM;wMbuFwfb

tct[UuifjvFefvdef/

,mrf;vAOf wyfUodkuf;xB; u.if@xyfU (u.if

wyfU) zmufj 3 rD; 2 wyfUqkrf;vlif? wyfU

qkrf;vlif uM;umyfbvAuf;rBm 1 tvj wyfUqkrf;

vlifrBm 4 ? rBm 1 yuf;iOfjikef;wDjzdwfUoek

vlufU? rBm 4 yuf;iOfjikef;wDj ec.ef@oOef?

2 wyfUqkrf; rD;nAef[Fif; 20b000/ vkufU

zdwfUoekvlufU wif; ec.ef@oOef ugMbql;

vFefvdef vmOf;-rmefj uBylefUwDj? [Fif;ulef;

2 rdkefb auMjwdkufUanb? u.yfjeB awzdlrfUxFrf

auMbwifjxFifj wyfUqkrf;vlifrBm 7 wDjuAif;rBb

(edlOfoAefjwmif;vlif trj'drf@-trjwFif)

nmef;OBUwMbnAef[Fif;ulef; 25b000 auMU/

wyfUqkrf;vlifrBm 7 awtwbauMbwifj

efg;yDeMj (2011) ? rD;clif;umef 5 yD awMbxdkif

2015 ? z.if;vlifZBmbuFwfbtc q.rfodkuf;vlif

odkuf;xB;awauMbwifjwyfUqkrf;vlifrfgb rBm 7

uFwfbtcvFefvdefxB;-vmOf;-rmefj

y'M@Odwf@ Olif@okOef@ vlif;vBm;rdkOf;[yfU

+if;yef/

zdkefcmOfbrwfUwdcsLef@ auMjvmwfjOMj

-,.efUrldif;xB;y.wf;edlOf rD;v.ifjvufUwFyf;rBU

,MUxdlefberf? vufUawMUolifb,Mj cOfjxB;

erftvj [Fif;odkuf;zdlrfUxFrfwdlOf;rM;xFifjqkdif

v.ifj=rfbvlrfjawvDcdkefjrM;vdlOfuOfb/ rdlOf;eMj

rM; oifOMj vBjyAefodkuf;odlOfuefwif;rdlif;

[drf;+rf;qdkifqmifjayUvBj wmifbrldif;auMj wMb

cAifbwMUrldif;rmefjeBU nrfbwrf;qfg? u.yfjrmefj

rD;=dOf;rdefwdkuf;oFef;rduf@ao 'wf@osLdOf@

urfUqB.jZBmbvif? rmefjyBmrD;zFefy.ifomifjedOf@

cvD@,dlOf@ q.rf; clOf@\D@,dlOf@+ifb (uOf;vD

edlOf) xFifj/

n.efwmif;okwf; awuAyf;[kyfjwkrfrM;

wDjvBmvBmwyfU efg;qdkifjxB;y.wf;+ifb (zmufj

edlOf) tvj qAifb+ifbOef;n.ufb wMb[Fif;odkuf;

r.ufj 8b000 auMU-OMjeB/ ¾


INDEPENDENCE

qkrf;okduf;rmefj wAifugmrf;euf;[mrfjcMj

[myfbumefckef tvj ulef;rldif; okdyfbvmwfj

y.ifbcmOfbegf;rldif;_e.ufjrldif; uAOfbvlpfjv.ifjerfh

egf;e.if[Bm;,Mj (e.ifnmif;av; egf;qkdifjwB;

y.wf;qmef;) vlwf;[Fifj,.rf;? u.yfjulOfnOfugMb

ykdeftzjwkrfhwldOfhv.ifjnFOfbrldif;/

,.efhu.yfjn.efeMjeBh rD;okdOfbe.ufjrldif;

nOfugMbykdeftzj[mifjerfhe.if[Bm;,Mj vlwf;

qkrf;okduf;rmefj[mrfjykdeftzjcmOfb

v.ifje.if[Bm;,MjerfU[Fifj

,.rf;[Fifj ndufbv.ifjrldif;rmefjxlyf;az;erfU

[Fifj ulef;rldif;nrfbrD;erfhudef? ckefrmefjcgmufj

rldif; nrfbogfbqgfwlpf;v.rf v.ifj,lboOf;ulef;

rldif;/

vFifbcmOfbvmwfjOMj - rldOfjvAOf rD;okdOfb

vBmzkdef nef,mrfj[Bm;imef;uAOfbvlpfjv.ifj

yuf;wMerfhegf;e.if[Bm;,Mj vBjxkufbqOfjeMj

wDjqkrf;okduf;rmefj [mrfjndwfbykdeftzj? vldOf

eefh ulef;Omefjulef;rldif;qldOf;,lboOf;egf;e.if

[Bm;,MjauMj vBjxkufboifb[mrfj nrfb{jvmwfj

v.ifjerfh[Fifj yefzljw.ifjwAOf;+wfjnFOfb

ndufbulef;wmifbwDjwmifbvFefcOfvBj[yfh[lU-

OMjeB/

(Irrawaddy)

a[Mvlif,.ifj=pfj nefqkrf;odkuf;rmefj

wifjqdkOfjvdkef;okwf;OMj +ifjteclOf;ydkef;

ykwfUx (ykwfUxysMUwBmh) eBU ylefUrM;rdlOfj

umifvldefusL@vBm@vBjidef;OMj awydefbqdkOfjrfgb

xFifjOMj +ifjteclOf;ydkef;ZdifjtijuljqmOf;cdlOf;

(wBm;,def;wM;,lOf;,MbysMUwBmh)/ z.if;qOfj

eMjwDjrmefj wdkufUydkwfb+ifj teclOf;ydkef;

ykwfUxyDuBmrM;yDeBh ulef;[Awf;umefrD; 7 auMU?

rD;wB;auMUvAOfulpf;? yAefrmefjrlwf;? ulpf;uMj

ekifjclOf;wB;/ ayM;ydkwfbrfgbxFifjeBU ulef;uOfb

efg;ydkefUwDj awvBjcBmUugMbuAif;wkifoAifj? aw

nOfulef;aebysDbawMbrM;yuf;OBU-OMjeB/

clOf;uOfbc.ifr.efudkuf;a[M qArfrdkefUodkef;

u.efb eyfU=OfymufbyD nefqkrf;odkuf;rmefj

nOfcBmUugMbOBUwDjaebysDbawMbqdlOf;eefU ulef;

efg;ydkefUwDjcOfnkyfbuefOMj nefao;vBm

vlifvmif yAefvFOf;qOfjolpfbwFufj (nkrfb

idkef;cyfUoFif) wmif;,mOf;rD;[Mjo.ufb/

+ifjteclOf;ydkef;eBU efg;cmOf;wmif; 2

qkrf;odkuf;rmefjawydefbqdkOfj

+ifjteclOf;ydkef;rdlif;,.if=pfjxFifj

cmOfbwAuf;wAif

yD rM;eBUulpf; urf;urf;ydefbqdkOfjyAef 3 y.ufj?

n.efwmif;okwf;yAef 1U +ifjteclOf;ydkef;

[mifja[M,.if=pfj (p.ifbolpfba[Memef;wrBm;

ysMUwBm h) 2U +ifjteclOf;yd kef;ykwfUx

(ykwfUxysMUwBmU) 3U +ifjteclOf;ydkef;Zdifj

tijuljqmOf;cdlOf; (wBm;,def;wM;,lOf;,MbysMU

wBmU)-qdlOf;eBU/ ¾

14 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

twb=OfvldefusKef@ 2010 okduf;rmefj

cmef;+ifUulef;arM,AyfUclOf;wB; efg;qdkifjwB;

y.wf;+ifb [email protected]? rlbtqj?

uRufUtr;? ukefvlif tvj vmOfbuBm; (eMjvdef

ulOf;umifU) qldOf;eBU [email protected] 3 auMU

{jugMbaebysDbawMb ydlOfjwMb,AyfUoldOfjclOf;wB;

yefcOfoldOfjeMjOBmj/

ulef;Omefj[drf;+rf;vmwfjOMj- ]Oef;xd

08_06_10 okduf;rmefjcmef;+ifU ulef;arM,AyfU

oldOfjclOf;wB;efg;[email protected] rlbtq@ ugMb 18

auMU? vldufjnOfulef;cFefb 3 auMU olifbugMb

aebysDbawMb/ v.ifjikdef;w.if;twU qkrf;okduf;

rmefjnrfbvmwfjoif? r.yfjyefcFyf;Ofg,.ifja,M;

okduf;rmefjwAuf;cmef;+ifU

ulef;arM,AyfUclOf;wB; ugMbaebysDbawMb

ulpf;} OMjeB/

ulef;OmefjrlbtqjauMhekdifjvmwfjOMj-

]ulef;,AyfUclOf; 3 auMU awvBj=rfjuef,AyfU

yef oldOfjclOf;wB; 100 wkpfb? nOfzMjtz;

,AyfUclOf;efg;[mifjefg;a[MrdlefymefwB;rldOfju.efb/

vBjidef;OMjqkrf;usefUzkwfUcOf awekifjcOfj

ymifvldufjwifj-}OMjeB/

ulef;rlbtqjauMUekdifjvmwfjOMj- ]ayM;

yMbwDbusefUzkwfU USDP cOfugMbolef;wkrf

yDje.ifUwB; wmif;rldif;cmif wldif;tqjuFifb

(quFif;)? yM;qArfefg;qdkifjwB; idef;OMjawekifj

oldOfjclOf;wB;[MoAif}-OMjeB/

yMbwDbqmOf;cdlOf;qldOf;awcOfjcFifb ymif

vldufjwifjefg;rldif;wB;-rmefj rdlefeifb yMbwDb

[email protected]'Fwf@wduf@qldOfUcldOf;wB; (SNDP)?

yMbwDbqmOf;cldOf;wnmif; (TNP)? yMbwDb

[email protected]'Fwf@wduf@OMU (WDP)? yMbwDbyluf;

y.ifqmOf;cldOf;OMU (WNDP)? [email protected]

c'Fuf@wduf@ qmOf;cl dOf;vM;=b (LNDP)?

yMbwDbrldif;wB;y.wf;+ifb (NSSPP)? yMbwDb

usefUzkwfU (USDP)? yMbwDbqmOf;cldOf;

nmif;oM;ckdefj,fgb (INDP)? [email protected]

c'Fuf@wduf@tvj umefz.rfU=rfjulOf;umifU

(KDUP) ? qkrf;wqp (NUP)? qkrf;qmOf;

cldOf;ynlOf; (PNO) wif; yMbwDb vkif;olpfb

nlif; UDP wif;rlwf; 12 yMbwDb/ ¾

ZBmbyuf;wMwlpf;ulef;yBmjaz; vFef

vdefwB;-xB; vmwfjOMj- twbnOfvldef

usFef@edOf@'D@rM;awMbxkdif an@y\ldOf@vf yD

2010 eBU ulef;rldif;wB;yBmjaz; +wfjzFOf

y.wf;vFefvdefwB;-xB;ao odkyfbylefUcOfj

rldif;xB; 3 tqjOAif; rldif;Zmif arjnBm;

csB@y'M@umef@ nefvBjuAyf;wFrfj oBmrBm

vBm;qdkOfjOBU wif;rlwf;rD; 1b322 auMU? zwfU

zAifbvdlefvfg 300 auMU/ efg;ulef;[AifyBmeefU

emif;,dif; 686 auMU (52%) vkufjn.efb

vAufUawMbxkdifoFef;[kefj nMb,k 14 yD 346

auMU (26%)? urfjerfyAefulef;rldif;wB;y.wf;

qmef;_y.wf;n.ufb rldif;wlef rldif;yAif;/

ZBmbqB.jxFrf_yuf;wMulef;yBmjaz; vmwfj

OMj- ]wifjtwbyDrfgbrM;eBU ZBmbxB;[mrfjulef;

cOfjrldif;[mOfj[Fif;auMj ulef;rldif;wB;wdkufUyBmjcOfj

rldif;xB;,lbwduf;wduf;? uljyDylefUrM; cOfjrldif;

xB; zwfUzAifbvdlefvfg 200 yBmulpf;? nrfb

w.efUcOfjrM;erfrdlefeBaoy.ufj/ ayM;eyfU

o.efbyM; ulef;rldif;wB;cOfjrldif;xB;wmifbwDj

vBm=;vBmwmif; nef[Of;cMjnrfbvBj=Uq.rf;

ao nrfbvBjwFrfjrBmqdkOfjoAifOBUeefU =rfj

ulef;rldif;wB;yBmjcOfjrldif;xB;z.if;=OfyD 2010 erfrM;

uefekdifjvldef awnrfb,.rf;=Of[AifauMU}-

OMjeB/

v.ifjwmif;nrfb,lbvBj efg;qdkifjwB;ao

xdkifwDjvBjyBmjaz;cOfjrldif;xB;eefU ulef;

uljv.ifjv.ifj


INDEPENDENCE

rldif;wB;+wfjvFefvdefauMUedkifj vmwfjOMj-

twbvldefusFef@edOf@'D@ 2010 rM; odkuf;

rmefjwyfUr 55 (uavM;) vkufUuavM;rM;

wlifUedkif+efjxOfb o.ufjwOfwmif;rldif;udkif

au;oD;? rM;wAuf;,.ef;udefvBmrlyAwf;uBbvOfj

cOfjedlOfUwDjulef;rldif;? uAyf;c.efbuljv.ifjv.ifj

qArfc.efbeM; c.efb=def;? c.efbolef,Mj? c.efb

xlOfbvdef? wAuf;uAyf;okdOfUcOfjyldufbuMjxkufb?

wAuf;uAyf;yDbwkqdwfU/

e.ufjaoeefU odkuf;rmefjwyfu.if 112b

113 wdp.yf;acsM;vlwfUuM;_xlOfj/ ulef;Omefj

vBjyefbykwfjuef nOfvlwfUuM;ugMbyefedkifj

Oef; 1 Omefjvfg 5 vrf;? xlOfj 6 vrf;/

ulef;qdlOf;nrfbrD;vlwfUuM; nrfbrD;xlOfjorfU

wAuf;qfgUuAyf;idkef;uef ofgbuMjerfUref;yef/

ulef;Omefjefg;vBmtqjOAif; rdlefeifbukef[dif;?

erfUqmif rldif;eBm; vmif;cldOf; rdlif;yefb

qldOf;eBU vBjxkufbodkuf;rmefj [kyfj,dkwf;wDj

vdefao nOfcBmyefulef;rM;,lbrgfb-OMjeB/

ZBmbyuf;wMulef;yBmjaz; vmwfjte

xFifjOMj- ulef;rldif;ZBmbwluf;clif; efg;vBmvBm

tqjOAif;yBmjaz;rM; zFOfvFefvdefxB;eBU

vBjoAifjikdef;uMjvlwfUuM;edkifjauMUnrfb,.rf;

150b000 ysM;? (wluf;idkef;xB;r.ufj 5b200-

5b300 Omwfb) ayM;vkufUwDjuBwmifbtqjOAif;

rM; vBjoAifjidkef;r.ufj 200b000 ysM; (wluf;

idkef;xB;r.ufj 7b000 Omwfb)? vkufUvFefvdef

cOfjrldif;xB; xdkify.wf;rldif;Zmif oAifjidkef;xB;

xFifjr.ufjauMUvfg 4b000-5b000 ? rmifqdlOf;

auMj pM;ulef;olifbwmif; uOf;udefao oAifj

idkef; 9b000 OmwfbauMjrD;/ zdlOfbrM;[Awf;udef

umef y.wf;rdlif;ZmiforfU ulef;qBm;vBjuMj[Fif;

edkifjOef; 100 Omwfb? emif;,dif;vBj 80

Omwfbulpf;/ u.yfjvBjuMj[Fif;anbtvj urfj

z.ifjqdlOf;ulj,dkrfidkef;yDje.ifUao yAefeDj

yAefc.wfbOBUeefU wMbwFef;cdkef;auMj,myfb?

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olrfzlif@ acrOlif@

odifbOFwfhv.rfh

16 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

Oef;xd 13_08_2009 qldOf;wlifUedkif

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SWAN, SSEO, SYP =rfjuef n.ufbacMj

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zlj[lrfjauMbwifj Olif;qldif;vFOf; (Freedom’s

Way) rldOfjyD 1984 / ¾

18 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

d5hx:dyhdkhx5oyt,kr l6bdyr9wrpK,yh;kh9uh

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l6bxyjokhS16

20 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

d.K,yrl:oy,5b'yrx5boyh

From birth to deathThree in ten have long lifeThree in ten have short lifeOthers shorten their life by their own actionBecause they love their life too much.

Tao Te Ching, Chapter 50, Lao Tzu, 6 th century BC philosopher

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When a ship cracksHow can one caulks it with snot.

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INDEPENDENCE

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oGif;ukefarmfawmf,mOf*dwfrsm;taejzifhvnf; wpfzufEdkifiHudk tcGefaiGay;aqmifI vkyfief;aqmif ±Gufae=u&jcif;a=umifhrdrdEdkifiHtwGuf&±Sdrnfh tcGefaiGepfemqHk;±_H;&ayonf? w&m;0ifoGif;ukefvdkifpifjzifh aqmif±Gufae=uonfh *dwfvkyfief;±Sifrsm;xHwpfzufEdkifiHodk@ESifcsaomfvnf; taumufcGefrJhukefpnfrsm; o,faqmifonfh armfawmf,mOf*dwfrsm;tm; vpOfa=u;,l+yD; rlp,f®r@ay: vkyfaqmifcGifhay;jyefonf?

rdrdEdkifiHawmftwGuf tcGefaiGrsm;rsm;&±Sda&;/ ukefoG,fr_vkyfief;wdk;wufa&;twGuf e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;OD;pD;XmerS oGif;ukefvdkifpifrsm;jrefjrefqefqefcsay;Edkifa&; / oGif;ukefaps;E_ef; wnf+idrfa&;wdk@udk vkyfaqmifoifhygonf? e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;OD;pD;Xme. ,ckaqmif±Gufaer_rsm;onf w&m;0ifvkyfief;±Sifrsm;tm; w&m;r0ifvrf;a=umif;ay:odk@a&muf&Sdap&efwGef;ydk@aeovdk e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;vkyfief; ysufpD;&mysufpD;a=umif; vkyfaqmifouJhodk@ jzpfaea=umif; rlq,f(105 rdkif) ukefoG,fa&;ZHk *sLwDtusdK;aqmif tzGJ@rSoHk;oyfwifjyvdkufygonf?

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22 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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EkdifiHa&;

o#rf;jynftwGif; EdkifiHa&;ygwD 10 ausmf±Sdonfhteufjynfaxmifpk}uHhcdkifa&;ESifhzGH@®z;a&;ygwD wygwDwnf;om vGwfvyfpGmoGm;vmpnf;±kH;a[majymrJqG,fcGifh±Sda=umif; trnfraz:vdkonfh EdkifiHa&;ygwDtodkif;t0dkif;u ajymygonf?

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INDEPENDENCE

*|efvqef;ydkif;rSpI o#rf;jynftESH@®r@e,faumfrwD±kH;cGJ rsm;qufwdkufzGif hvSpfcJ honfho#rf;wdkif;&if;om;rsm; 'Drd k&ufwpfygwD(ac: ) usm;jzLygwDtaejzifh ta&twGufxuf t&nftaoG;&zdk@ydkta&;}uD;a=umif; ygwD0iftodkif;t0dkif;xHrS =um;od&ygonf?

“e,fqif;zdk@A[kduaxmufyHhcJhwJhaiGa=u;vJ odyfravmufcsifbl;? aiGa&;a=u;a&;tcuftcJ±Sdw,fvdk@ajym&r,f/ ygwD0ifudpPu tJavmufta&;r}uD;bl;/ ajrmufydkif;o#rf;jynfbJ ygwD0iftiftm;u 700-800avmuf±Sdae+yD/ yifvHkrSm 70-80 avmuf±Sdr,f? wjynfvHk;twdkif;twmeJ@qkd wjcm;®r@e,fawGu w®r@ e,f20-30 avmuf&&if tkdau+yD”- [k qufajymonf?

o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif;Y usm;jzLygwD®r@e,f±k H;cG Jtrsm;tjym;qufwdkufzGifhvSpfEdkifcJhaomfvnf; o#rf;jynfawmifydkif;ESifhoHvGifta±S@ydkif;wkd@YqufvufzGJ@pnf;&OD;rnfjzpfa=umif;od&onf?

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“oHvGifta±S@jcrf;qdk rdkif;wHk rdkif;qwf bufvJoGm;&OD;r,f?vif;ac;/ rdkif;yef/ armufr,f eJ@rdk;eJwdk@bufawmhvlv$wf+yD;+yD/ tckavmavmq,fawmh yifavmif;rSm±kH;zGifhxm;w,f? u&ifeDjynfvG,faumf zg;aqmif;bufvJoGm;aewkef;” - [k o#rf;jynfawmifydkif;a&muf usm;jzLygwD0ifwOD;uajymyg onf?

usm;jzLygwD0ifteuf o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif; ESifh ucsifjynfwdk@rSt&nftaoG;±Sdonfhyk*~dKvfrsm; trsm;tjym;&±Sdxm;a=umif;/o#rf;jynfawmifydkif;/ ta±S@ydkif;tjyif tjcm;jynfe,f§wdkif;wdk@rSyk*~ dKvfrsm;vnf; trsm;tjym;qufwdkuf0ifa&mufvmrnf[k,kH=unfa=umif; tqdkygyk*~dKvfu qufvufajymjyygonf?

o#rf;oHawmfqifh 08/07/2010

ta&twGufxuf t&nftaoG;ydkta&;}uD;[k usm;jzLygwDajym

“ygwD0ifta&twGufjynfhzdk@uusaemfwdk@twGuf odyfpdwfryl&bl;/ vlxk&J@ ppfrSefwJhESvHk;om;&zdk@ta&;}uD;w,f/ ta&twGufxuf t&nftaoG;uydkta&;}uD;w,f”- [kusm;jzLygwD0ifyifvHk®r@om;wOD;uajymygonf?

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etz ppftkyfpk OD;pD;usif;yonfh 2010 a±G;aumufyGJwGifryg0if=u&ef rlp,f/erfhcrf;®r@e,ftwGif;pmrsm; v#Kd@0Sufjzef@a0a=umif; pHkprf;od±Sd&ygonf?

“xkef@arm0f; tajcpdkuf SSA - S wyf&if; 701 o#rf;rsKd;cspfqdk+yD;awmh 'Dvqef;ydkif;rSmjzef@w,f? tJ'DpmxJrSm jynfoltaeteJ@ etz a±G;aumufyGJrSmryg0ifzdk@ t"duwdkufwGef;xm;w,f/yg0if&if bmvkyfr,fnmvkyfr,f qdkwmawmhajymrxm;bl;”- [krlp,fae pdkif;EGHarm0f;u ajymygonf?

2010 a±G;aumufyGJoydwfarSmuf=u&efa±$vDjrpf0Srf;a'oY v#Kd@0Sufpm jzef@a0

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pmrsufESm 24 okd‹

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24 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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etz ppftkyfpk.toGifajymif;a&;tpDtpOfvufcHcJhonfhtypf&yfo#rf;jynfwyfrawmftm; ‘o#rf;jynfwyfrawmf’qdkonfhemrnfESifhrvkdufzuf[k rkdif;vm;wyfzGJ@acgif;aqmif p0fpdkif;vif;ua0zefa=umif; pHkprf;od±Sd&ygonf?

“o#rf;jynfwyfrawmfqdkwJh emrnfu (o#rf;jynftwGif;rSm aexdkifwJh wdkif;&if;om;jynfolw&yfvHk;udk tumtuG,fay;zdk@) wjynfvHk;udk udk,fpm;ðyxm;wm? wjcm;wyfzGJ@awGeJ@rwlbl;/Oyrm 0wdk@rkdif;vm;wyfzGJ@wdk@qdkwmu udk,feJ@qdkifwJhe,fajrudk,fbJudk,fpm;ðywm? tckjynfol@ppftoGifajymif;zdk@vufcHwJhudpPo#rf;jynfwckvHk;twGufr=unfhbJ udk,feJ@qdkifwJhqdkifausm0fh(pdefa*smh§qifausmh) a'otwGufbJ vkyfoGm;yHkay:w,f” - [kp0fpdkif;vif;uajyma=umif; ‚if;uqdkonf?

typf&yf SSA ‘trnf’ ESifh ‘vkyf&yf’rudkufnD[krdkif;vm; acgif;aqmifa0zef

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o#rf;jynfwyfrawmf SSA onf anmifa±$apmfbGm;r[ma'0D p0feef;[def;crf;u ukd,fykdifjyXmef;cGifhESifhwef;wltcGifhta&;twGufwdkufyGJ0if&ef 1964 YwnfaxmifcJhonf? Ô


etzppftkyfpkzdtm;ay;r_a=umifh jynfol@ppftoGifa&;vufcHxm;aom OD;vG,farm0f;acgif;aqmif ajrmufydkif; typf&yfSSA - XmecsKyfwyfzGJ@/ wyfr[m 3 / wyfr[m 7 wdk@tm; rdkif;vm;acgif;aqmif p0fpdkif;vif;u tm;rvdktm;r& a0zefvkdufjcif;jzpf+yD;toGifajymif;a&;vHk;0jiif;qefonfh AdkvfcsKyfyefzS OD;aqmifonfhwyfr[m 1 wyfzGJ@ukdrl axmufcHtm;ay;a=umif; ajymygonf?

jynfol@ppftoGifa&;vufcHxm;onfhtypf&yfSSA acgif;aqmifwOD;u - “typf&yf SSA &J@tajctaeu rdkif;vm;wyfzGJ@wdk@/0 wyfzGJ@wdk@eJ@rwlbl;/ olwdk@u e,fjcm;apmifhwyftoGifajymif;&if wyf&if;wck Armt&m±Sd ta,muf 30 yg0ifr,f/ usaemfwdk@jynfol@ppfwyfzGJ@usawmh emrnftm;jzifhom jynfol@ppfjzpfwm/wyfzGJ@taetxm;uawmh e*dktwdkif;bJqufjzpfaer,f/ Armwyft&m±SdvJyg0ifrSmr[kwfbl;? aemufwcku a'ocHvlxk 'kuQra&mufatmif/ ppfab;ppf'%fuaea±SmifuGif;Ekdifatmif vufcH

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erfhcrf;®r@wGif}uH@zGH@ygwDtm;aygufvHk&yfuGufae pdkif;crf;atmif(53 ESpf)u OD;aqmif+yD;/ (o#rf;)usm;jzLygwD ®r@e,faumfrwDOuUXrSma'gufwmpdkif;ausmftkef;/ yavmiftrsKd;om;ygwD TNP

®r@e,faumfrwDOuUXrSm pdkif;at;armifjzpf.? wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nD!Gwfa&;ygwDukdrl aygufwdkuf&yfuGufae touf 53 ESpf±Sdpdkif;vSatmifu OD;aqmifa=umif; od&ygonf?


rdkif;vm; acgif;aqmif p0fpdkif;vif;

pmrsufESm 23 rS


INDEPENDENCE

etzppftkyfpkOD;pD;usif;yrnfh 2010 a±G;aumufyGJY o#rf;jynfw0Srf;vHk;wGif EdkifiHa&;ygwD 15 ygwDxufrenf;0ifa&muf,SOf®yif&ef±Sda=umif; *sLvdkifv,faemufqHk;owif;rsm;t&pHkprf;od±Sd&ygonf?

“usaemfwdk@od&oavmuf o#rf;jynfwdkif;&if;om;awGudkudk,fpm;ðywJhygwDu 10 ck/ ucsifygwDuawmh rSwfyHkwifrusao;bJ? usefwJhygwDawGuawmh o#rf;jynfxJur[kwfwJh/ wjcm;uvmwJhygwDawG”- [ktrnfraz:vdkonfhvm;±_d;a'ocH wOD;uajymygonf?

wjcm;rSvmonhf EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;rSm jynfckdif®z;ygwD/wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nD!¸wfa&;ygwD/ trsKd;om;'Drdku&ufwpftiftm;pk/ jynfaxmifpk'Drdkua&pDygwDESifh jynfaxmifpktrsKd;om;EkdifiHa&;tzGJ@csKyfwdk@jzpfonf[kqdk.?

“}uHhzGwfygwDu Adkvfoef;a±$ ppftkyfpkausmaxmufaemufcHðywJhygwDjzpfw,f/vltm;aiGtm;eJ@ tm%mt±SdqHk;ygwD-vkyfcsifwmvkyfaew,f/ ygwD0ifawGudkt"rRac:,lw,f/ &HyHkaiGqdkvJwdkif;jynfydkufqH wdkuf±kduf,loHk;w,fvdk@=um;w,f? wpnygwDuvJ tJ'Dtwdkif;bJ }uHhzGwfavmufawmhay:wifrvkyfbl;/ ol@acwfu rqvacwfqdkawmh acwfvGefoGm;+yDaygh”- [k o#rf;jynfawmifykdif;rS trsKd;om;a&;v_yf±Sm;aeolwOD;uajymygonf?

xkd@jyif NLD cGJxGuf a'gufwmoef;+idrf;OD;aqmiftrsKd; om;'Drd kua&pDtiftm;pk/ yifvHknDvmcHwufa&mufcJ h&ol &yvtzGJ@0ifa[mif; 0g&ifho#rf;EdkifiHa&;orm;}uD; (touf 80 ausmf)OD;a±$tkef; (uifqma&m*gcHpm;ae&ojzifhe,fvSnfh c&D;xGufjcif;&yfem;xm;&) OD;aqmifonfh jynfaxmifpk'Drdkua&pDygwDjzpf+yD;

o#rf;jynfwGif EdkifiHa&;ygwD 15 ck 0if+ydKifzG,f±S djynfaxmifpktrsKd;om;EdkifiHa&;tzGJ@csKyfrSmrl ppftkyfpkESifh eD;pyfol[kemrnfausmfonfh (88 ausmif;om;emrnfcH) OD;at;vGifuOD;aqmifa=umif;=um;od&ygonf?

“at;vGifqdkwJhvlu OD;cGefxGef;OD;eJ@ o#rf;acgif;aqmifawGtzrf;rcH&cif 2005 ESpfqef;ydkif; o#rf;jynftwdkifyifcHaumifpDzGJ@zdk@tpnf;ta0;rSm oluADG'D,dkeJ@"gwfyHkuifr&mrif;/ etzukdtpD&ifcH owif;ydk@wmolyJvdk@ trsm;u,lqxm;w,f/ tcko#rf;jynfrSmvma&muf,SOf®yifrSmuvJoludk,fwdkifOD;aqmifr,fvdk@=um;xm;w,f”- [k awmif}uD;om;wOD;uajymygonf?

oSsrf;jynfwdkif;&if;om;EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;rSm -Inn National

Development Party (INDP) tif;trsKd;om;wdk;wufa&;ygwD//Kayan National Party (KNP) u,ef;trsKd;om;ygwD/ Kokang

Democracy and Unity Party (KDUP) udk;uef@'Drdkua&pDESifh nD!¸wfa&;ygwD/ Pa-O National Organization (PNO) ytkd0f;trsKd;om;tzGJ@csKyf/ Taang (Palaung) National Party (TNP) wtmif;(yavmif) trsKd;om;ygwD/ Shan National Democratic Party

(SNDP) o#rf; wdkif;&if;om;rsm; 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD (usm;jzLygwD)/Wa Democratic Party (WDP) 0 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD/ Wa National

Union Party (WNUP) 0 trsKd;om;nD!¸wfa&;ygwDESifhcGifhðyrdef@rusao;onfh Northern Shan State Progressive Party (NSSPP)

o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif; zGH@®z;wdk;wufa&;ygwD (o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif;ucsifygwD) wdk@jzpfonf?

o#rf;oHawmfqifh*sLvdkif 16 &uf 2010

2 a±$eJ‹ 1 pdefjynfolAdkufarSmuf0rf;[m

bmvJ[Jh 2010 a±G;aumufyGJ'DvdkbJajymvdkufcsif

tmomirf;irf; rpm;&0cref;avzrf;'ef;pD;/ jzef;+zD;&rf;wrf;

®yifzufawGudkzrf;/vrf;rSm;vrf;aysmuf

a±$awGpdefawGtodef;toef;wJh

26 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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ppftkyfpkzdtm;ay;r_a=umifh 2005 Y vufeufcs yavmifjynf vGwfajrmufa&;wyfrawmf acgif;aqmif rkdiftkdufrkef@ OD;aqmifonfh TNP wtmif; (yavmif) trsKd;om;ygwDu wjynfvHk;twdkif;twmjzifh 2010 a±G;aumufyGJ0ifa&muf ,SOf®yifrnf[kpHkprf;od±Sd&ygonf?

“usaemfwdk@ygwD0ifu 500 bJr[kwfbl;/ tckygwD0iftiftm; 3000 ±Sd+yD/ o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif;ru &efukef/ rE Wav;wdkif;eJ@ucsifbufvJoGm;r,f”-[k TNP taxGaxGtwGif;a&;r–; rkdiftkef;cdkif uajymygonf?

ar 25 &uf w&m;0ifEdkifiHa&;ygwDjzpfvmonfh wtmif;trsKd;om;ygwDonf vuf±SdwGifo#rf;jynfajrmufydkif; -ygwD±kH;csKyferfhqef®r@tjyif refwHk/ erfhcrf;/ rlp,f/ uGwfcdkifESifh ausmufrJ®r@rsm;YtoD;oD;±Hk;cGJzGifhvSpf+yD;cJha=umif; =um;od&ygonf?

“+yD;cJhwJh paeae@(25§7§2010) rlp,frSm ®r@e,faumf rwD±Hk;cGJxyfzGifhw,f/ o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif;rSm 5 ®r@e,f ±Hk;cGJzGifh+yD;+yD/wjcm;®r@awGrSmvJ xyfzGifhzdk@óud;pm;oGm;r,f” - [ko#rf;oHawmfqifhodk@ajym.?

rlp,f®r@e,f aumfrwD±Hk;cGJtm; ZGrfaZmf&yfuGuf vG,fwdefcrf;vrf;ay:wGifzGifhvSpf+yD; OuUXrdkifarmifaX;/ twGif;a&;r–; rdkifarmifusefjzpfa=umif;/ zGifhyGJodk@zdwf=um;xm;onfh {nfhonfawmfrsm;tjyif usm;jzLygwD/ }uHhcdkifa&;ygwDESifhrlp,fo#rf;pmay,Ofaus;r_/

wtmif; (yavmif) ygwD wjynfvHk;tqifh ,SOfòydifrnfyavmifpmay,Ofaus;r_wdk@rStiftm; 150 ausmfwufa&mufa=umif; rlp,fa'ocHwOD;u ajymygonf?

“o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif; ®r@e,ftm;vHk;eJ@awmifydkif;uuavm/ atmifyef; / rE Wav;wdkif;qdk rdk;ukwf/ ucsifjynf zg;uef@®r@e,fawG 0if®yifr,f/ avmavmq,fawmh oGm;a&;vma&;eJ@toif;&efyHkaiG&±Sdzdk@tcuftcJ±Sdw,f? tqifajyatmif yavmifvlxkudk qufvufajymqdkpnf;±kH;oGm;&r,f”- [k rdkiftkef;cdkifuqufajym.?

yavmifygwD. A[dkaumfrwDwGif rdkiftdkufrkef@ (OuUX)/OD;xGef;atmif/ OD;!¸ef@armif/ rdkiftkef;cdkif (twGif;a&;r–;)/ OD;armifausmf/ OD;atmifxGef;wdk@yg0ifa=umif;/ jynfe,fv$wfawmftjyif/trsKd;om;v$wfawmf ESifh jynfol@v$wfawmftwGufvnf; ,SOf®yifrnfjzpfa=umif;=um;od&ygonf?

etz.em;*pf 2008 zGJ@pnf;yHkt& o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif;±SderfhqefESifhrefwHk®r@e,fESpfcktm; yavmiftrsKd;om;rsm;. udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyf&a'otjzpf owfrSwfay;xm;onf?

tjcm;owif;&yfuGufurl o#rf;jynftjyifbufwGif pnf;±kH;a&; tpDtpOfom±Sd+yD; a±G;aumufyGJ0if&ef tpDtpOfr±Sda=umif;ajymqdkonf? (t,f'Dwm)


2008 u Ak'<jywdkuftjzpfajymif;vJcH&vdkufonfh anmifa±$a[mfeef;rSm 2010 *sLvdkiftwGif; wdkif;&if;om;±kd;&mjywdkuf tjzpf xyfrHajymif;vJtrnfwGifrnf[k pHkprf;od±Sd&ygonf?

anmifa±$a[mfeef; 2 ESpftwGif; oHk;rnf&“tck 2 ESpfausmftwGif;anmifa±$a[mfeef; 3 rnf&oGm;

+yD? tckvJwdkif;&if;om;±kd;&m jywdkufqkd+yD;xyfrHajymif;r,fvdk@=um;&w,f”- [k anmifa±$®r@cHwOD;uajymygonf?

anmifa±$a[mfeef;tm; anmifa±$ a[mfeef; ordkif;jywdkuf/Ak'<jywdkuf/ ,ckw}udrfwdkif;&if;om;±kd; &mjywdkuf[lI t}udrf}udrftrnfajymif;+yD;ordkif;azsmufzsuf&ef Adkvfoef;a±$ppftkyfpk pDpOfaea=umif; apmfbGm;EG,f0ifwpfOD;uajym.?

“ESpfaygif;&mcsDu a[mfeef; eef;oHk;ypPnf;awGawmh Adkvfae0if;tm%modrf; uwnf;u wjznf;jznf;Armjynfudk o,f,loGm;wm/ tckbmqdkbmrSr±Sdawmhbl;/ Ak'<jywdkufqdkwJh emrnfajymif;wkef;uvJ useftoHk;taqmifawG aejynfawmfudk xyf,loGm;+yD/ a'ocHawG tjrwfEdk;qHk; tESajrmqkH;uawmh bdk;pOfabmifqufu p0fa±$odkuf&J@(ig;awmif±Snf "g;±kd;"g;tdrf rSefpDa±$cs) "g;”-

pmrsufESm 28 okd‹

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INDEPENDENCE

jynfol@ppftoGifajymif;a&;vufrcHonfh typf&yfo#rf;jynfwyfrawmfwyfr[m 1 xdef;csKyfe,fajrtwGif;±SdtcsKd@aus;±Gmrsm;wGifetztm%myd ki frsm;jynfol@ppftwif;t"rRxyfrHaumufcdkif;I vufeufrsm;xyfrHwyfqifvsuf±Sda=umif; pHkprf;od±Sd&onf?

“wyfr[m 1 utoGifajymif;a&; vHk;0vufrcHbJ jywfjywfom;om; jiif;vdkuf+yD;wJhaemuf arvv,fup+yD; jynfol@ppfxyfaumufaewm” [k wef@,ef;®r@cHwpfOD;u ajymygonf?

wyfr[m 1 xdef;csKyfe,fajrrsm;jzpfaomwef@,ef;®r@e,fem;avm0f;aus;±Gmtkyfpk/ vG,fusJaus;±GmtkyfpkwGifwpf±Gmv#if 10a,mufxufrenf; xyfrHaumuf,lvsuf±Sdonf[k ‚if;uqufvufajym=um;ygonf?

typf&yf SSA wyfr[m 1 e,fajrtwGif;jynfol@ppfxyfaumuf

yavmif/ vDql;±Gmom;rsm; jynfol@ppfrvkyfcsif=uaoma=umifh wef@,ef;®r@odk@vnf;aumif;/ oHvGifjrpfta±S@jcrf; 0e,fajrtwGif;odk@vnf;aumif; tcsKd@xGufajy;wdrf;a±Smif=ua=umif;od±Sd&onf?

wzufuvnf; etztm%mydkifrsm;ujynfol@ppfrsm;tm; vufeufopfrsm;wyfqifay;a=umif; od±Sd&onf?

cv& 33 wyf&if;r–;Adkvfr–;}uD;ausmfausmfEdkifuvnf;*sLvdkif 5 &ufu wef@,ef;®r@e,fvG,fusJaus;±Gmtkyfpkyefa0gif±Gm/yefa0gifjynfol@ppfxHrS wvHk;xdk;acwfa[mif; ±dkifz,faoewfrsm;odrf;,l+yD; M-16, M-22 aoewf 4-5 vufjzifh jyefvnftpm;xdk;ay;tyfcJhonf?

etz. jynfol@ppftoGifajymif;a&; vufcHxm;aomtypf&yfo#rf;jynfwyfrawmf (SSA) tcsKd@tm; w±kwfe,fpyfteD;xkef@armif; (ac: ) a±$vDcsdKifh0Srf;a'owGif wyf&if;wpf&if; pkzGJ@xm;±Sd&ef etz ppfwyf tm%mydkifrsm; !ef=um;xm;ojzifh jynfol@ppf(odk@) e,fapmifhwyf&if;wpf&if; pkzGJ@v_yf±Sm;vmzG,f±Sda=umif; pHkprf;od&onf?

*|efvukefydkif;u ta±S@ajrmufydkif;wdkif;ppf XmecsKyfrSOuUXOD;vG,farmif;xH tqdkygudpPwdkuf±dkuf!ef=um;xm;+yD; ‚if;uvnf;a±$vDcsdKifh0Srf;a'owGifvlpk&ef jyifqifaea=umif; typf&yfo#rf;wyftodkif;t0dkif;u o#rf;oHawmfqifhodk@ ajymonf?

vuf±dStypf&yf tufpftufpfat onf oDayg®r@e,fpdefausmhpcef;Y tajcðyv_yf±Sm;aeaomfvnf; a±$vDcsdKifh0Srf;a'o[kac:aom rlp,f/ erfhcrf;®r@e,frsm;wGif ‚if;wdk@wyfzGJ@0ifa[mif;tcsKd@usef±dSaeqJjzpfojzifh vufusefvla[mif;rsm;pkpnf;Iwyf&if;wpf&if;zGifhvSpfrnfhtaetxm;jzpfonf?

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ppfa&;

pmrsufESm 28 okd‹

28 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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vlemrsm;tay: *±kpdkufr_ enf;yg;onf[k owif;}uD;aeojzifh o#rf;jynf(ajrmufydkif;) erfhcrf;®r@jynfol@aq;±Hk}uD;ajcmufuyfv#uf±Sda=umif; od&onf?

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jywdkufapmifh 0efxrf; 7 a,muf±Sda=umif;/ o#rf;trsKd;orD;wOD; ESifh o#rf;±kd;&m0wfpHk jzifh ArmvlrsKd; 6 a,mufwdk@ uapmifha=umif;/ xdk0efxrf;rsm;tm;vHk; usKdif;wHkodk@ajymif;a±G@cH&rnfjzpf+yD; ‚if;wdk@ae&modk@aejynfawmfrSwdkuf±kdufvlvGwf tpm;xdk;rnfjzpfa=umif;- tqdkygyk*~dKvfuqufIajymjyygonf?

“t&ifwkef;uacwftqufquf apmfbGm;ypPnf;awG±Sdawmh c&D;oGm;awG pdwf0ifpm;=uw,f? Ak'<jywdkufvkyf+yD;aemufydkif;qif;wkawmfawGbJjyxm;awmh odyfrxl;qef;bl;? c&D;oGm;awGvJtvnfroGm;csifawmhbl;”-[k {nfhvrf;!¸efwOD;uvnf;ajymjyygonf?

rlvo#rf;bmomt"dyüg,f a,mifa[G@ (pyg;usD csKdifh0Srf;)rSqif;oufvmonfh anmifa±$onf o#rf;apmfbGm;rsm;tkyfcsKyfonfhjynfe,frsm;teuf a±S;tusqHk;®r@w®r@jzpfonf?

c&pfESpf AD 1369 uwnf;uwnfaxmifcJhaom acwftqufquf rd±kd;zvmtzdk;wef a±S;a[mif;ypPnf;rsm;xm;±Sd&mtqdkyga,mifa[G@a[mfeef;udk ordkif;jywdkuftjzpf rqvacwfu

Armtm%mykdifrsm; ajymif;vJac:qkdcJh.?a,mifa[G@(anmifa±$)udktkyfpdk;cJhaom aemufqHk;apmfbGm;

rSm jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf. yxrOD;qHk;orRw (1948-1952) owdk;r[moa&pnfol p0fa±$odkufjzpf.? ‚if;.r[ma'0DrSmo#rf;jynfwyfrawmf SSA wnfaxmifcJhol p0feef;[def;crf;jzpfonf?

o#rf;jynfta±S@ydkif; usKdif;wHka[mfeef;udkvnf; 1991 ue0w ArmppftkyfpkzsufqD;+yD; usKdif;wHka[mfw,fjzifhtpm;xdk;wnfaqmufxm;onf? usKdif;wHka[mfeef;uJhodk@ useftjcm;apmfbGm;rsm;. a[mfeef;trsm;tjym;ukdvnf; enf;trsKd;rsK d;jzifhppftkyfpk®zcsazsmufzsufypfcJhonf?

1962 Adkvfae0if;tm%mrodrf;rD txd jynfaxmifpko#rf;jynf (Federated Shan States) apmfbGm; 34 jynfe,f±SdcJhonf?


pmrsufESm 26 rS


INDEPENDENCE

o#rf;jynfawmifydkif; yifvHk®r@wGif =uufqlyifrsm;±Sif;vif;cdkif;+yD; ppftm%mydkifrsm; vufzufyifrsm;xyfrHtpm;xdk;pdkufysKd;cdkif;a=umif; pHkprf;od±Sd&onf?

“tcktpdk;&0efxrf;awGukd =uufqlyif±Sif;+yD; vufzufjyefpdkufcdkif;w,f? vlxkukdawmh rckdif;ao;bl;” [k yifvkH®r@cHwpfOD;uajymygonf?

=uufqlyifpkdufysKd;a&;pDrHudef;taumiftxnf az:pOfuvnf;vkyftm;ay;roGm;Edkif=uonfhtdrfrsm;tm; wtdrfusyf 5000'%fwyfouJhodk@ ,ckvnf; xkdokd@xyfrHaumuf,lrnfudk ®r@cHrsm;pdk;&drfae=ua=umif; trnfraz:vdkonfh yifvHk®r@cHaemuf wOD;uTuJhodk@ qufI ajymjyygonf?

“=uufqlyifpdkufcdkif;wkef;uvkd roGm;EdkifwJhtdrf ig;axmifxyfaumufrSmudk t&rf;pdk;&drfw,f/ rdom;pkzlvHkzdk@twGuf renf;±Hk;uef&wmukd;? [dka=u;'Da=u; xyfay;&&if wylay:ESpfylqifhwmaygh”

taxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;/ vl0ifr_}uD;=uyfa&;/ taumufcGef/opfawm/ t&HrD;owf/ ynma&;ESifh usef;rma&;Xme 0efxrf;rsm;=uufqlyifE_wf vzufjyefpkdufae&jcif;jzpf.?

“tcktJ'D=uufqlawGukdjyefE_wfcdkif;+yD; vufzuftpm;xdk;jyefpdkufcdkif;w,f/ tckwrsKd;awmf=umwrsKd; ±l;ae=u+yDvm;vdk@ ar;vdkufcsifw,f”-[k trnfrazmfvdkol0efxrf;wpfOD;uajymyg onf?

=uufqlrsm;jyefE_wfcdkif;+yD; vufzuftpm;xdk;pdkufcdkif;

o#rf;jynfawmifydkif;vif;ac;®r@e,fwGifvnf; '%fay;pepfjzifhrpkdufrae&pdkufysKd;ckdif;aom =uufqlcif;rsm;vnf;,cktcg arhavsmhypfy,fxm;+yD; ±Gmom;rsm;tm;ppfwyfwnfaqmufr_Yomvkyftm;ay;qufwdkuf cdkif;apaea=umif; a'ocHrsm;ajymjycsuft&od±Sd&onf?

rkdif;yefol ukefonfwpfOD;url “=uufqlyifukd tvkyfjypftukdifjypfpkdufckdif;w,f? bmrStokH;rusbl;? oef;a±$eJ@twlwlbJ?ajymawmhpHjy=uufqlpdkufcif;wJh/ =uufqlvJtvum; oef;a±$ppftpdk;&vJ tvum;bJ” - [k rausreyf ajym.?

u,m;jynfwGifvnf; tpdk;&0efxrf;ESifh jynfolvlxktm;=uufqlyifukdtjrpfygrusefE_wfcd kif;a=umif; uE W&0wDwdkif;pmapmifwGif azmfjyxm;onf?

2005 aESmif;ydkif;rSpI wjynfvHk;twdkif;twmjzifh =uufqlqDrsm;ydkiftdk'DZ,ftjzpftoHk;ðy&ef jynfolvlxktm; =uufqlyifpdkufysKd;cdkif;cJhonf? odk@aomf ,ckcsdeftxd =uufql'DZ,f tjzpfxkwfvkyf toHk;ðyEkdifjcif;r±Sday?

=uufqlpdkufysKd;r_pDrHudef;rSm aA'if/ ,=wm,Hk=unfaomjrefrmppftkyfpktzdk@ tm%moufqdk;±Snfa&;twGuf vkyfaejcif;omjzpfonf[k trsm;ua0zefajymqdk=uonf?

arGacg0f 13/07/2010

em;avm0f;aus;±Gmtkyfpk erfhzwf±Gmtajcpdkuf vlolvufeuftiftm; 40 ±Sdvm;[ljynfol@ppftzGJ@udk a±SmufawuOD;aqmifonf?

yefa0gifjynfol@ppfrSm yefa0gif±Gmw±kwfrsm;jzpfa=umif;/‚if;wdk@onf EdkifiHa&; ppfa&;xuf pD;yGg;a&;udkomt"duxm;a=umif; a'ocHwpfOD;u TuJhodk@ajym=um;ygonf?

“yefa0gif±GmrSmaewJhw±kwfawG ppfa&; EdkifiHa&; pdwf0ifpm;wJholawGr[kwfbl;? a±SmufawvufatmufcHawGjzpfw,f?

rl;,pfaq;0g;vG,fvG,fulula&mif;0,fzdk@twGuf jynfol@ppfvkyfcsif=uwJholawGjzpfw,f”

“'Dvdkjynfol@ppfxyfaumufaewm[m wyfr[m 1twGuf taESmifhtoGm;jzpfatmifvdk@bJ? jynfol@ppfvkyf&ifvGwfvGwfvyfvyf bdef;pd kufysK d;/a&mif;0,fvdk@&w,fqdkawmhetzudk qifjzLawmfrSD }uHpkyfvkyfEdkifw,fqdkwm jyaewmbJ”[kavhvmoHk;oyfolvm;±_d;om;wpfOD;u ajymyg onf?

wef@,ef;®r@e,ftwGif;±Sd pkpkaygif;vm;[ljynfol@ppftiftm;rSm 300 ausmf±Sda=umif; od±Sd&onf?

arGacg0f 07/07/2010

pmrsufESm 26 rS

30 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

L

etz aemufcH EdkifiHa&;ygwD ESifh Dr. pdkif;crf;vdwf rywfouf}uD; v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpfyg0if&ef t}udrf}udrfawmif;qdkaomfvnf; vufrcHEdkifa=umif; vdrRmyg;eyfpGmjiif;qdkcJh.?

odk@aomftm%mydkifwdk@ t}udrf}udrfzkef;qufaeao;a=umif;/ ZeD;jzpfola'gufwma':EGJ@EGJ@wifuvnf;-“touft±G,faxmufvm+yDjzpfojzifh bk&m;w&m;tvkyfudkomvkyfapvdka=umif;” ajz=um;cJhonf[k ‚if;uo#rf;oHawmfqifhodk@ ajymjyygonf?

a'gufwmpdkif;crf;vdwfonf usef;rma&;0ef}uD; a'gufwmausmfjrifhESifhvnf; yk*~dKvfa&;t& &if;ESD;odu|rf;oljzpf.?

pufr_ 1 0ef}uD; OD;atmifaomif;u rE Wav; - jyifOD;vGifESifh rdk;ukwfodk@ o#rf;vlrsKd;rsm;ESifhawG@qHkpnf;±Hk;pOf a'gufwmpdkif;crf;vdwftm; EkdifiHa&;ygwDjzpfvmrnfh }uH@zGwfzufrSaeI wdkif;a'o}uD;v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf 0ifa&mufta±G;cH&efawmif;qdkxm;onf[kqdk.?

xdk@twlyif rE Wav; o#rf;oma&;ema&; 'kOuUX(AD.1

[dkw,fESifh *VKefe*g; ouFef;wdkufydkif±Sif) pdkif;EGrf/ a±$ysm;rif; abmf'gydkif±Sif(erfhcrf;ygwDaumifpDacwf vl}uD;a[mif;) pdkif;ausmfat;0if;ESifh rdk;ukwfo#rf;pmay,Ofaus;r_ OuUX (o#rf;jynfawmifydkif;uGef[def;Zmwd vuf±Sdusm;jzLygwD0if) a'gufwmpdkif;aemfwdk@vnf;wdkif;a'o}uD; v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf csOf;uyfajzmif;jzjcif;cHcJh&onf?

o#rf;oHawmfqifh *sLvdkif 28 &uf 2010

EdkifiHausmfaw;a&;q&m a'gufwmpdkif;crf;vdwftm; 2010a±G;aumufyGJwGif wdkif;a'o}uD;v$wfawmf udk,fpm;vS,favmif;tjzpf}uHhzGwfygwDYyg0if+yD; EdkifiHa&;v_yf±Sm;&ef rE Wav;}uH@zGwft}uD;tuJrsm;ESifh etztm%mydkifrsm; t}udrf}udrfurf;vSrf;aomfvnf;vufrcHa=umif; pHkprf;od±Sd&onf?

“touft±G,faxmufvmvdk@ cg;rsufaewma=umifhvufrcHyg&apeJ@vdk@q&mhZeD;a'gufwma':EGJ@EGJ@wifuawmif; yef+yD;ajymvdkufw,f? cg;emaeawmht+rJwrf;ukoae&w,f av”- [ko#rf;jynfajrmufydkif;om; wynfhwpfOD;uajymjyyg onf?

a'gufwmpdkif;crf;vdwftm; rE Wav;}uH@zGH@ygwDt}uD;tuJrsm;ESifh a'ocHtm%mydkifwdk@u}uhHzGH@ygwDtwGuf wdkif;a'o

ppftm%m±Sifrsm;udk cyf±GH@±GH@ jzpfojzifha'ocHvlxk usm;jzLygwDodk@ r0if&J

oSsrf;jynfawmifydkif; ®r@e,ftcsKd@Y a'ocHvlxku qdkif&mtm%mydkifrsm;udk cyf±GH@±GH@jzpfaeojzifh ®r@e,faumfrwD zGJ@+yD; ±Hk;cGJzGifh&efcufcJa=umif; usm;jzLygwD0iftodkif;t0dkif;rS =um;od&ygonf?

“rdkif;±–;/ vJcsm;eJ@ erfhZefu rsKd;cspfjynfcspf trnfcHvl}uD;vlvwfydkif;awG ygwDxJ0ifzdk@wGef@qkwfae=uw,f? olwdk@wckckpdk;&drfaew,f? tJ'ga=umifh ®r@e,f 2 - 3 cku aumfrwDcGJzGJ@pnf;Edkifjcif;r±Sdao;bl;”- [k pnf;±Hk;a&;qif;usm;jzLygwD wpfOD;uo#rf;oHawmfqifhodk@ajymjyygonf?

vJcsm;®r@wGif SNDP ygwDtwGufv_yf±Sm;&ef pdwftm;xufoefaomvli,frsm;±Sdaomfvnf; trmcHvl}uD;rsm;r±SdojzifhaumfrwDzGJ@pnf;&ef rjzpfEdkifao;[kqdk.?

“a'ocHtm%mydkifawG/ }uHhzGwfygwD0ifawGeJ@wpnygwDu vlawGudkcyf±GH@±GH@jzpf=uvdk@xifw,f? }uH@zGwfygwDpnf;±Hk;a&;qif;wJhtcg a'ocHtm%mydkifawG vdkufvHulnDaewmudk;? }uhHzGwfygwDu =oZmtm%m±Sdw,fqdkawmh qdkif&mtm%mydkifawG+cdrf;ajcmufajymqdkrSmpdk;vdk@xifw,f”- [kvG,fvif®r@ usm;jzLygwD0ifwpfOD;u oHk;oyfygonf?

zGJ@pnf;Edkifjcif;r±Sdao;onfh ®r@e,faumfrwD rsm;zGJ@pnf;Edkifonftxd usm;jzLygwDXgecsKyfu qufvufóud;pm;oGm;rnfjzpfa=umif;/ aumfrwDzGJ@pnf;+yD;onfESifh o#rf;jynfawmifydkif;ESifh ta±S@ydkif;odk@ XmecsKyfrSvl}uD;rsm;udk,fwdkifuGif;qif;rnfjzpfa=umif; ‚if;u qufvufajymjyygonf? Ô

arGacg0f 29/ 07/ 2010


INDEPENDENCE

rl;,pforif rl;,pfrdk;eJ@ ukvrkqdk;“tar&duef/±k±Sm; w±kwfwkd@qDrSm t%kjrLvufeuf

±Sdw,f? igwkd@rSmvJ bdef;jzLvufeuf±Sdw,f”'Dpum;uawmh 1980 eJ@ 1990 ESpfrsm;wkef;u(,mr pdwf

ºuGaq;jym;acwfrpm;cif)rqv- e0w ppfAkdvfcsKyfawG ckd;a=umifckd;0Suf*k%f,l0ifhºuGm;[pfaºuG;cJhwJhpum;jzpfygw,f? 'Dpum;twkdif;xkdif;- tmqD,H- tar&duefwkd@ukdwkdufzkd@ bdef;jzL xkwfvkyfwifykd@a&;ukd Armppftm%m±SifawG aemufuG,fu tckdiftrm tm;ay;cJhygw,f? 1990-1991 wkef;uvnf; AkdvfcsKyfarmifat;[mtar&duefukd rl;,pfaq;vufeufeJ@ wkduf&r,fqkdwJh vrf;nefcsuftopfwzef csay;cJhygw,f?

'D&nf±G,fcsufeJ@bJ cGefqmukdarG;cJhwmjzpfygw,f? (uGefjrLepfeJ@ wkdif;&if;om;olykefawGukd ppfwyfukd,fpm;wkdufay;zkd@ &nf±G,fcsufvnf;ygcJhw,f?) vuf±Sdetz'kOuUXAkdvfcsKyfarmifat; tygt0if&ycwkdif;r–;awGukd cGefqmESpfpOfa=u; ykHrSefoGif;cJh&+yD;pmtquftoG,ft+rJ±SdcJhw,f? pD;yGg;a&;udpPawG / wkdif;&if;om; olykefowif;/Auyowif;awG / ppfqifa&;owif;awG zvS,fcJhygw,f? [kdwkef;u aiGwefzkd;t&wpfESpfukdtenf;qkH; usyfoef; 300 avmufoGif;ay;cJhygw,f?uawmfawGtwGufxkdif;ypPnf;vufaqmifawGuawmhajymp&mukdrvkdawmhyg? 'ghtjyif cGefqm[m 88 e0wtm%modrf;p b¾ma&;tusyfqkdufaecsdef/ EkdifiHwumuvnf; aiGa=u;taxmuftuljzwfawmufxm;csdefrSmvnf; usyfaiGa&m a':vmaiGyg axmufyhHacs;iSm;ay;wmawGvkyfcJhvkd@ e0wtouf±–ayguf&oGm;cJhwmjzpfygw,f?

aemufykdif;rSmawmh cGefqm[m rl;,pf*kd%f;yDyDooraeawmhbJ ±Srf;jynfvGwfvyfa&;awG/ trsKd;om;a&;awG0ifa,mifvmvkd@wa=umif;/ e0wtzkd@ta±S@ajrmuftypf&yftzGJ@}uD;awGeJ@pD;yGg;a&;vkyf&wmykdwGufacsukdufvmwmwa=umif; e0w[m cGefqmhMTA wyfukd tav;teufppfqifa&;vkyf-tðywfðzwfcJh&ygw,f?

'DvkdeJ@ ppfAkdvfcsKyfawG[m rl;,pfaq;ukrü%DopfawGukd xlaxmifvnfywfvmygw,f? typf&yftzGJ@awGukd rl;,pfaq;vkyfief;xJepfaeatmif wjcm;pD;yGg;a&;vkyfief;awGydwfqkd@/ zdtm;awGrufvkH;awG qG,fvkH;awGay;cJhw,f? eHygwf 3/ eHygwf 4 ,mr pdwfºuGaq;awGjynfyaps;uGuftwGufbJ xkwfvkyfzkd@jynfwGif;aps;uGufrSmrjzef@zkd@rl;,pfaq;xkwfvkyfolawG rl;,pfaq;ukefonfawGukde0waxmufvSrf;a&;awGwkdif;r–;awG wkdif;ppfXmecsKyf (ppfOD;pD;t&m±SdyxrqifheJ@'kwd,qifh) *sD-0rf;/ *sD-wl;awGuukd,fwkdifukd,fusac:ajymcJhygw,f? qufa=u;rSefrSefay;zkd@eJ@ ±S,f,m&zkd@ n‡dwmawGukdawmh xnfhajymp&mvkdr,frxifyg?

'gayr,fh ppftkyfpk[m b,folawaw iawrm+yD;a&morm;awGjzpfwJhtwGuf tJ'D‘tdwfpfykd@ ay:vpD’vnf; olwkd@txJubJjyefazmufzsufcJhygw,f? etzaxmufvSrf;a&;/ AsL[m/ wyfr/wkdif;ppfXmecsKyftqifh t&m±SdawGOD;pD;+yD; ppfwyfvufa0cH rl;,pfukefonfawG vufvDvufum;orm;awGukd ±Srf;jynf/ u&ifeD/ucsifjynf/ rE Wav;/&efukefwkd@rSm aps;uGufawGzGifhckdif;cJhygw,f?

bdef;zkdawG ,mrpuf±kHawG[me,fajrcHwyf&if;/AsL[mr–;axmufvSrf;a&;wkd@ukdykHrSefqufa=u;ay;&±kHwifru wkdif;r–;txdygay;&ygw,f? wcsKd@vnf;wkdif;r–;udkcGJray;csifvkd@AsL[mr–;&if;r–;avmufeJ@bJ v#Kd@0SufvkyfwmawG ±Sdygw,f? 'Dhxuf edrfhwJh Akdvf}uD;Akdvfr–;awGuawmh rl;,pfaq;csdef rl;,pfaq;/ qkdifu,fcsdefqkdifu,f/0Spfaomufum;csdef 0Spfaomufum;/ ausmufpdrf;csdefausmufpdrf;pwJhu,f&Dvkyfief;awGeJ@&yfwnfvm=uygw,f?ukefukefajym&&ifbD,m/tcsKdr_ef@awmif u,f&Dvkyfay;=uygw,f?

&Jbufpcef;rSm aopm&if;jyvkdufwJh tusOf;om;avmyef;awGukdawmifppfAkdvfawGubJ tdrfta&mufu,f&Dvkyfykd@aqmifay;ygw,f? ppfwyfukdtodray;bJvkyf=uwJh rl;,pfaq;ukefonfawG puf±kHawGuawmh zrf;qD;cH odrf;qnf;cH=u&ygw,f? e,fajrcHaxmufvSrf;a&; 2 &pf wyf=uyfavmufukdvkdif;a=u;ay;wJh &yfuGufwGif; vufvDorm;awGawmiftzrf;rcH&ygbl;? 'gayr,fh txufupDrHcsufcs&ifawmh 'DvufvDorm;awGukd e,fajrcHaxmufvSrf;a&;u ru,fEkdifawmhygbl;? qif}uD;awGv$wfay;+yD;jcifuav;awGzrf;

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32 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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'gayr,fh UNODC vkd@ac:wJh ukvor*~ rl;,pfaq;0g;eJ@&mZ0wfr_qkdif&m±kH;uawmh jrefrmjynf&J@ rl;,pfaq;jy\emrSmetzppftkyfpk&J@ tcef;u¾ukd a&ikHE_wfydwf+yD; +idrf;tzGJ@awGukdtjypfykHcsaeygw,f? Ekd0ifbm 26 &ufae@rSm ukvrl;,pfeJ@ &mZ0wf±kH;eJ@ tm±S ypdzdwfqkdif&m ukd,fpm;vS,fqkdol *,f&D vl;0pPu jrefrmjynfu wkdif;&if;om;vufeufukdiftzGJ@awG[m tem*wfra&&mwJhtwGuf rl;,pfaq;0g;awG t}uD;tus,fxkwfvkyfa&mif;cs+yD; aiGpkaew,fvkd@ pGyfpGJcJhygw,f? tJ'Dae@rSm olwkd@ xkwfjyefvkdufwJh 2009ta±S@tm±SeJ@ ta±S@awmiftm±Sqkdif&m pdwfºuGaq;tvm;tvmeJ@ykHpHrsm; tpD&ifcHpmrSm t"dutm;jzifh pdwfºuGaq;awGukd ukd;uef@eJ@ 0 typf&yfe,fajrawGrSm xkwfvkyfaew,fvkd@qkdxm;ygw,f?ZGefvuxkwfjyefwJh 2009 urBmrl;,pfaq; tpD&ifcHpmrSmvnf;UWSAukd;uef@eJ@ ±Srf;jynfwyfrawmfawmifykdif;wkd@[m,mbpdwfºuGaq;xkwfvkyfa&;ukdt"duaqmif±Gufaew,fvkd@pGyfpGJcJhygw,f?

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UNODC tpD&ifcHpm


INDEPENDENCE

yJ)? tcsif;csif;ta0rwnfh&mu 2007 Zlvdkif-=o*kwfvxJrSmt+yD;wdkifvufeufcsoGm;cJhayr,fhtvkyfudkawmh umvwcktxdqufvkyfcGifh&cJhygao;w,f?

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ae=uygw,f?'Dae@o#rf;jynfrSm bdef;t"dupdkufwJha'oawGu o#rf;jynf

awmifydkif;yifavmif;/ [dkyHk;(rJe,fawmif) qDqdkif (vG,farmawmif)/rdkif;udkif (qifawmif) e,f pwmawGjzpfygw,f?ajr=oZm / =uufacs;ydk;owfaq;/ tyif}uD;xGm;aq;awG xnfh +yD; “acwfrDodyüHenf;us”ESpfoD;pm;/ oHk;oD;pm;/ “oD;xyf” pdkufae=uygw,f? 'De,fajrawG[metz=oZmcH (2010-'k orRwavmif;)o#rf;jynf}uHhzGH@acgif;aqmifatmifcrf;xD OD;pD; yDtJeftdk (txl;a'o 6) tzGJ@eJ@vufeufcs o#rf;cGJxGufwyfr[m 758 (oGm;avol rdef;ZifhtzGJ@) csKyfudkif&me,fajrawGjzpfygw,f? 2009 rwf-{+yDwkef;u yDtJeftdkXmecsKyfausmufwvHk;udk yifavmif;e,fu bdef;pdrf; 176 yd\mo,f,lvmwkef; anmifa±$®r@e,f (bDvl;acsmif;ul;) arSmfbDwHwm;rSmzrf;rdcJh&mrSm 73 yd\mpm&if;aysmufoGm;cJhygao;w,f? 'Dowif;udkvnf; etz u zHk;zdxm;ygw,f?

wcsdefu +idrf;csrf;a&;txl;a'o 7 vdk@owfrSwfcJhwJho#rf;jynfajrmufydkif; yavmifa'o erfhqef - refwHke,fajrrSm PSLP

yavmif+idrf;tzGJ@[m 2005 {+yDvrSm vkH;0vufeufcszsufodrf;oGm;cJhygw,f? 'gayr,fhyavmifa'orSm bdef;pm;awG ,mborm;awGuawmh txl;wkd;rsm;vmcJhygw,f? aemufqkH; tJ'Da'orSmpcef;xkdife,fajrxdef;aewJh etzwyfom;awG t=uyfawG AdkvfawG&JawGyg bdef;jzL bdef;pGJ ,mbpGJ ta&mif;t0,fawGvkyfaevkd@ vlxkwGif;rl;,pfaq;pGJjy\em jzef@jzL;r_jy\em wkdifwef;p&mae&m ukdifwG,fwm;qD;Ekdifp&m tm%mykdifr±Sdawmhyg?

2009 =o*kwfu &yc *sD0rf; ( ppfOD;pD;t&m±Sd yxrwef; )'kAkdvfr–;}uD;armifarmifjrifh&J@ ZeD; ukd,fhukd,fukd owfaor_qkdwmwu,fawmh rl;,pfaq;ta&mif;t0,fudpPZmwfvrf;±_yf+yD; towfcH&wmjzpfw,f?'Dtr_rSm &ycwkdif;r–;/ *sD0rf;eJ@ p&zr–;Akdvfr–;}uD;0if;Akdvfwdk@yg0ifygwfoufae+yD; &efukefrSmbdef;jzLuDvkd 500zrf;rdr_eJ@oufqkdifaeygw,f? 'ghtjyif Zlvkdifvwkef;u wmcsDvdwfrSmbdef;jzLuDvkd 1˜000eJ@,mraq;vkH; 2 oef;cGJzrf;rdwm? vm;±_d;rSmbdef;jzLuDvkd 500 zrf;rdwmawG[m etzwyfr–;}uD;awGeJ@wkduf±kdufygwfoufaeygw,f?twGif;owif;wckt& uarBmZ b%ftjrwfenf;vmvdk@ t"dutpk±S,f,m±Sif}uD;jzpfwJh q&mausmif;eJ@ AkdvfcsKyfarmifat;wkd@u rl;,pfaq;vkyfief;rSm wkduf±kduf0ifvkyfvmw,fvkd@vnf;=um;&ygw,f? etzwyfr–;}uD;awG ukd,fvGwf±kef;Ekdifatmif zrf;rdwJh rl;,pfaq;awGukd zkef=um;±Sif;ukd;uef@tzGJ@tay:w&m;cHv$JjywJhtaeeJ@( AkdvfcsKyfr–;}uD;oef;a±$tm±kHv$Jatmif) =o*kwfvukefykdif;u ppfwkdufwmvkd@vJ awmif}uD;rSmowif;xGufaeygw,f?

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o#rf;jynfajrmufydkif; &rc e,fajrrSmawmh wdkif;r–;udk &yc/woc rSmvdk qufa=u;ay; rl;,pfaq;xkwfvkyful;oef;a&mif;0,faewJh cGefqmvla[mif; w&m;0ifjynfol@ppf AdkvfrGef;OD;pD; ref@yef(wef@,ef;)tajcpdkuftzGJ@/ avmrm;OD;pD;rkef;[Jef; - rkef;[ (rdkif;&,f)tajcpdkuftzGJ@awG[m emrnf}uD;awGjzpfygw,f? 'ghtjyif woufvHk;etzjynfol@ppfvkyfcJhwJh erfhcrf;e,fajr (cdkvHkvda±Sm) yef;aq;ausmfjrifhtzGJ@/ uGwfcdkife,fu wDcGefjrwftzGJ@/ rHk;udk;e,fu aemfcrf;tzGJ@/azgif;qdkife,fajru wDcGefawGtzGJ@/ tkef;pGrf(rkdif;aigh)u ausmftHk;tzGJ@/wmrkd;nJu jrifhvGiftzGJ@/a±Smufa[mfu vSjrifhtzGJ@/uGrf;vHkua[mfa±Smufcsrf;tzGJ@awG[m udk;uef@/ 0 wdk@vdkemrnfrxGufbJrl;,pfaq;vkyfief;udk etzwdkif;r–;tqufcGifhðycsufeJ@ qufa=u;ay;+yD; w&m;0ifoabmrsKd;vkyfaewm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm =umaecJhyg+yD?ukvor*~u 'gawGudk rodayr,fhe,fajrcH vlxkawGtm;vHk; od

AdkvfrGef;

pmrsufESm 38 okd‹

34 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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OD;tdkufref;VOA - 25 April 2010


INDEPENDENCE

vGefcJhwJh 48 ESpf ppftm%modrf;uwnf;u ykHpHtrsKd; rsKd;eJ@tkyfcsKyfvmcJhwJh ppftpkd;&awG[mA[kdcsKyfukdifr_ tm;aumif;zkd@ukdomOD;pm;ay;ygw,f? wkdif;&if;om;awG&J@awmif;qkdr_ukd*±krpkdufwmrsm;ygw,f? ppftpkd;&em;vnfwJh trsKd;om;pnf;vkH;a&;[mtrdef@emcHa&;jzpfaewma=umifh vufeufukdifawmfvSefwJh wkdif;&if;om;tkyfpkawGykdrkdrsm;jym;vmygw,f? 1974 rSm wygwDqkd±S,fvpftajccHOya'ukd jyXmef;+yD; csif;/ &ckdifeJ@rGefjynfe,f owfrSwfcsdefrSmvufeufukdifawmfvSefaewJh wkdif;&if;om;tzGJ@aygif; 20 ausmf±Sdyg+yD? 1988 vlxktkHºuGr_}uD; jzpfay:vmawmhrSppftpkd;&[m w±kwf-jrefrme,fpyfu wkdif;&if;om;vufeufukdifawGeJ@ aphpyfaqG;aEG;+yD; typftcwf&yfpJEkdifcJhwm jzpfygw,f?

tckvnf; 2008 tajccHOya'ukd wzufowfjyXmef;+yD;ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfa&;ykHpHawG azmfjyxm;ayr,fh vufawG@uawmhwkdif;&if;om;vufeufukdiftm;vkH;ukd ArmppfwyfvufatmufcHtjzpfodrf;oGif;aeygw,f? ArmppfwyfeJ@ wkdif;&if;om;vufeufukdifawGt=um;tcsdefra±G; ppfjzpfEkdifwJhtajctaeukda&mufaeygw,f?vufeufypPnf;eJ@vltiftm;rsm;wJh ppftpkd;&[mwkdif;&if;om;jy\emukd vufeufeJ@rajz±Sif;EkdifbJjzpfaeygw,f? 'D=um;xJ pD;yGg;a&;jy\emukd rajz±Sif;EkdifwJhtwGuf wkdif;oljynfom;awG[m Armppftpkd;&ukdt,kHt=unfuif;rJhvmygw,f?

2008 tajccHOya'ukd qef@usifwJh wkdif;&if;om;vlrsKd;pkawGukd Armppftpkd;&zdESdyfn‡if;yrf;ESdyfpufykHeJ@ ywfouf+yD; Amnesty

International EkdifiHwumvl@tcGifhta&;tzGJ@csKyfu vGefcJhwJhazaz:0g&DvrSm 66 rsufESmtpD&ifcHpmxkwfjyefxm;ygw,f? EkdifiHa&;v_yf±Sm;ol wkdif;&if;om; 700 ausmfay;wJhowif; tcsuftvufay:rSmtajccHxm;wJhtpD&ifcHpmjzpfygw,f? w±kwf/ xkdif;/ b*Fvm;a'h±Sf e,fpyfxGufajy;vmolawGukdawG@qkHar;jref;ygw,f? wkdif;&if;om;tzGJ@tpnf;awGuay;wJhowif;awGukdvnf; &,lygw,f?

2008 tajccHOya'ukd wkdif;&if;om;awGu jynfe,f 7 ckpvkH;rSm enf;rsKd;pkHeJ@uef@uGuf=uygw,f? ppftpkd;&ajymovkdaomif;aomif;zszsaxmufcHwmr[kwfbJ ae&mtESH@tjym;rSmuef@uGufcJh=uwmjzpfygw,f?

ppftpkd;&&J@vkyf&yfawGukdoabmrwla=umif; +idrf;csrf;pGmuef@uGufwJh wkdif;&if;om;awGukd zrf;qD;axmifcs+yD;ESdyfpuf=uygw,f? wkdif;&if;om;trsm;pk[m 1990 a±G;aumufyGJrSmtJeft,fvf'Dokd@r[kwf a'ocHEkdifiHa&;tzGJ@tpnf;awGeJ@ywfoufolrSefor#ppftpkd;&u&ef±Smygw,f? vufeufukdifwkdufyGJ0ifaewJh wkdif;&if;om;vufeufukdiftzGJ@awGeJ@ywfoufw,fvkd@,lqwJh wkdif;&if;om; t&yfom;awGukd tjypf±Sm+yD; tjyif;txefta&;,lygw,f?Oyrm SSA (Shan State Army) awmifykdif;o#rf;jynfwyfrawmf

eJ@ywfoufw,fvkd@ ArmppfwyfurouFmwJh wkdif;&if;om;t&yfom;awGukd ESdyfpufn‡Of;yrf;owfjzwfykHawGukd vl@tcGifhta&;tzGJ@tpD&ifcHpmrSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f?

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pmrsufESm 38 okd‹

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36 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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tiftm;±SdwJh wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@awG[m ArmppfwyfvufatmufcHrvkyfvdka=umif; {+yDvaESmif;ydkif;u qHk;jzwfvkduf=uygw,f? tiftm; waomif;eD;yg;±SdwJh KIA (Kachin In-

dependence Army) ucsifvGwfvyfa&;wyfuvdkvm;csuf r&rjcif;Armppftpdk;&urf;vSrf;wmudk y,fcsw,fvdk@a=unm+yD;ppftiftm;jznfhwif;aeygw,f? tiftm;oHk;aomif;ausmf±SdwJh 0 wyfzGJ@uvnf;Armppftpdk;&&J@ urf;vSrf;csufudk y,fcs+yD; vufatmufcHe,fjcm;apmifhwyfrvkyfvdka=umif; jiif;qefxm;ygw,f? tay;t,lvkyfzdk@ 0 tzGJ@u wifjywmudkvnf; Armppftpdk;&u vufrcHygbl;?typftcwf&yfpJxm;wJh vufeufudkifwdkif;&if;om;tkyfpkxJrSm tiftm;±SdwJhtkyfpkawG[m Armppftpdk;&urf;vSrf;wmudk vufrcH=uygbl;?

Armppftpdk;&u olurf;vSrf;wmudkvufrcH&if wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@awGudk olykeftjzpfa=unm+yD;wdkufcdkufr,fhyHkpHrsKd;eJ@ +cdrf;ajcmufxm;ygw,f? typf&yfa'oawGrSm tpdk;&wyftiftm;wdk;csJ@aeygw,f? typftcwf&yfpJr_ ysufjym;oGm;&ifw±kwf-jrefrmeJ@ xdkif;-jrefrme,fjcm;ukefoG,fa&;udktrsm;}uD;xdcdkufEdkifygw,f?

ArmppfwyfvufatmufcH e,fjcm;apmifhwyf rvkyfcsifwJhrGefjynfopfygwDudk jynfol@ppftjzpftoGifajymif;zdk@ xyfrHurf;vSrf;wmudkvnf; {+yDvaESmif;ydkif;u y,fcsvdkufygw,f? vufeufudkif1000 avmufeJ@tzGJ@0if 3000 ausmf±SdwJhrGefjynfopfygwD[m1995rSm Armppftpdk;&eJ@ typftcwf&yfpJcJhygw,f? rqvacwf rGefjynfe,frSmtpdk;&wyf&if; 10 ckom±SdcJhayr,fh typftcwf&yfpJxm;wJhumvrSmtpdk;&wyf&if; 30 avmuf±Sdvmw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? Armppfwyfuxdk;ppfqifvm&if ajymuf=um;ppfqifa&;eJ@ wHk@jyefr,fvdk@rGefjynfopfygwDuqdkygw,f? aphpyfaqG;aEG;yGJ ysufjym;oGm;uwnf;u ppfjyifqifr_awGvkyfaea=umif;od&ygw,f?

yifr KNU u cGJxGufoGm;cJh+yD; tpdk;&wyfeJ@ typftcwf&yfpJxm;wJh autef,l+idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@OuUX AdkvfcsKyfaX;armifuppfvHkðcHa&;t&m±SdcsKyf 'k-AdkvfcsKyf}uD;&Jjrifhudk t*FvdyfbmomeJ@jyef=um;wJh 7 rsufESm ay;pmudk=unfh&if Armppfwyf&J@wzufowfcsKyfudkifa&; tpDtpOfawGudk tao;pdwf odEdkifygw,f? tpdk;&wyfvufatmufcHrvkyfEdkif&if autif,l+idrf;csrf;a&;aumifpDudkrw&m;toif;a=unmrSmjzpfa=umif; u&if+idrf;csrf;a&;wyfudk wdk;csJ@cGifhr±dSa=umif;/tjcm;wdkif;&if;om;tkyfpkawGeJ@qufoG,fcGifhr±Sda=umif;/yifr autef,leJ@vnf; qufoG,fcGifhr±Sda=umif;/ xdkif;eJ@ tquftoG,fvkyfcGifhr±Sda=umif; pwJhtcsuf(5)csufudk tpkd;&u owfrSwfwmudk=unfh&if u&if+idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@udk vufatmufcHwyf&if;wckvkd oabmxm;wm odomygw,f?

AkdvfcsKyfaX;armif acgif;aqmifwJh attef,lwyfr[m (7)[m 2007 ckESpfrSm ppftpdk;&eJ@ typftcwf&yfpJvdkufwJh autef,l+idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@jzpfygw,f? 1994 uvnf; u&ifAk'<bmomwyfzGJ@(Democratic Karen Buddhist Army - DKBA) autef,l ucGJxGuf+yD; tpdk;&wyfawGeJ@yl;aygif;oGm;ygw,f? 'D DKBA wyfzGJ@rSmtiftm; 5000 avmuf±SdEdkif+yD; e,fjcm;apmifhwyftjzpftoGifajymif;zdk@oabmwlayr,fh tjiif;yGm;r_awG±Sdaea=umif;od&ygw,f?tpdk;&wyfeJ@ DKBA vufwGJaewm =umvSyg+yD?

KNU +idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@twGuf tdrfawGaqmuf/ vrf;awGazmufay;xm;ayr,fh u&ifjynfolvlxktwGuf bmrSaqmif±Gufay;jcif;r±Sdbl;vdk@ AdkvfcsKyfaX;armifuajymqkdygw,f? tpkd;&wyfeJ@vufwGJaewJh u&ifjynfol@ppfudkajr‡mufay;+yD; u&iftcsif;csif;owfjzwfcdkif;wm[m tpdk;&vrf;pOfvdkjzpfaewma=umifh autef,l+idrf;csrf;a&;wyfzGJ@wnf±Sdzkd@ vdktyfw,fvdk@qdkygw,f? +idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@udktquftoG,fjzwfcdkif;wmudk r±dk;om;wJhvkyf&yftjzpfazmfjyxm;ygw,f?

Armppftpdk;&tm;enf;aecsdefumvrSm wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkifawGeJ@typftcwf&yfpJEdkifwma=umifhtESpf (20) ausmf +idrf;csrf;a&;&±SdcJhygw,f? ol@e,fudk,fhe,f ydkif;jcm;+yD; em;vnfr_&,lEdkif&if vufeufudkif yËdyuQudk &yfqdkif;Edkifa=umif; jyovdkufwmyg?'gayrJhtESpf (20) typftcwf&yfpJcsdefrSm,Hk=unfr_ rwnfaqmufEdkifwm xif±Sm;aeygw,f? wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@awGudkArmppftpdk;&uwzwfowf trdef@ay;+yD; pnf;±kH;odrf;oGif;aewmudkppftiftm;±SdwJh wdkif;&if;om;tzGJ@awGuvufrcHEdkifwmawG@&ygw,f?

Armppftpdk;&uom tdrfeD;csif;EdkifiHawGudktm;udk;wmr[kwfbJ wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkifawGuvnf; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtdrfeD;csif;EdkifiHawGeJ@ qufoG,fvmcJhwmjzpfygw,f? wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkifv_yf±Sm;r_rSm w±kwfeJ@xdkif;yg0ifywfoufcJhwm rqvacwfuwnf;u jzpfygw,f? jrefrmjynfrSmraeEkdifawmhvdk@ xdkif;EdkifiHxJ0ifa&mufckdvH_wJh"avh[m Armrif;vufxufuwnf;u ±SdcJhwJhtpOftvmwckjzpfygw,f? Armppftpdk;&u EdkifxufpD;eif;vkyfvdk@ jynfwGif;ppfjyefjzpf+yDqkd&if tESpf(20)umvrSmwnfaqmufcJhwmawG ysufpD;oGm;Edkifygw,f? wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkifyËdyuQ&J@ &v'fuawmh yg0ifywfoufolawGtm;vHk;tusKd;pD;yGm; ysufpD;qHk;±_H;wmawGyJ jzpfygw,f?

a'gufwmatmifcifrsufarSmufa&;&mokH;oyfcsuf

VOA - 01 May 2010

wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkifta&;


INDEPENDENCE

'Drkdua&pDta&;twGuf aqG;aEG;zdk@ +idrf;csrf;pGm awmif;qdkae=uwJh EdkifiHa&;ygwDawGudk ppftpdk;&u aqG;aEG;zdk@ pdwfrul;bJpdwfóudufOya'pnf;rsOf;awG xkwfjyefaeayr,fh wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkifawGjzpfwJh ucsif/ 0 eJ@ rdkif;vm;wyfzGJ@awGudk r=umc%awG@qHkaqG;aEG;aeygw,f? 'gayrJh Armppftpdk;&vkdcsifwmudk wkdif;&if;om;vufeufudkifawGu rvdkufavsmEdkifao;ygbl;? 'Dae&mrSmw±kwftpdk;&&J@tcef;u¾[m pdwf0ifpm;zdk@aumif;ygw,f? ppftpkd;&eJ@ NLD OD;aqmifwJh 'Drkdua&pDtiftm;pkaqG;aEG;a&;[mjynfwGif;a&;jzpfvdk@ =um;0ifrpGufzufcsifbl;vdk@ w±kwftpdk;&t+rJwrf;ajymaeygw,f? jrefrmrSm tajymif;tvJjzpfatmif w±kwfuvkyfray;Edkifbl;vdk@ qkdygw,f?

'gayrJhvufawG@uawmh jrefrmhjynfwGif;a&;txl;ojzifhe,fpyfa'owkdif;&if;om;ta&;eJ@ pD;yGm;a&;rSmw±kwf[m t"dutcef;uyg0ifaeygw,f? Armppftpdk;&u wkdif;&if;om;vufeufudkif/ txl;ojzifh ucsif/ 0 eJ@ rkdif;vm;wyfzGJ@awGudk vufatmufcHe,fjcm;apmifhwyfjzpfvmatmif odrf;oGif;aewm ratmifjrifwJhtwGufw±kwfudk tultnDawmif;&ygw,f? vGefcJhwJh 'DZifbmvw±kwfAdkvfcsKyf}uD;tkduf[l±Srf; jrefrmjynfrSm(5)&ufc&D;vSnfhvnf+yD;0eJ@rdkif;vmwyfzGJ@awGudk awG@qHkaqG;aEG;cJhayr,fhta=umif;rxl;ygbl;? w±kwf'k-orRw ±SDusifhzsifuvnf; 'DZifbmvxJrSmyJaejynfawmfudkvm+yD; ESpfEdkifiH qufqHa&; wdk;jr‡ifhygw,f?

'gayrJh wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkifawGudk xifovdkvkyfvdk@r&wJhtwGuf Armppfwyf[m vdyfcJwnf;vnf; jzpfaeygw,f? 0eJ@rkdif;vm;wyfzGJ@awGudk a'oqkdif&mwyfr–;/ wdkif;r–;awG rausreyfjzpfaewmodomygw,f? 0 eJ@rdkif;vm;wyfawGudk rsufajcrjywfapmifh=unfhaezdk@ }wd*Hwdkif;r–; AdkvfcsKyfausmf®z; u ajymqdkwmudko#rf;oHawmfqifhowif;u Zefe0g&D (12) &ufae@u owif;ay;ydk@ygw,f? 0 jynfaoG;pnf;nDnGwfa&;wyfrawmfrSm wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;pHkyg0ifygw,f? vGefcJhwJh 2009 twGif;wyfom;opf 3000ausmf pkaqmif;&±Sda=umif; od&ygw,f? rdkif;aygufXmecsKyfu ppfoifwef;qif;yGJrSm wyfom; 1000 ausmf±Sd+yD; 0/ o#rf;eJ@w±kwfu 200ausmf/ vm;[lu 800 ausmfavmuf±Sda=umif; Zefe0g&D (15) &ufxkwf o#rf;oHawmfqifhrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f? "gwkvufeufoHk;vm&ifumuG,fEdkifwJh ppf0wfpHkudkvnf; 0 eJ@rdkif;vm;wyfzGJ@upkaqmif;aeygw,f?

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Armtpdk;&/ 0 / rdkif;vm; eJ@ w¶kwfwm (5) ck wnfaqmufr,fh pDrHudef;udk 2007 u em;vnfr_&,lcJhwmjzpfygw,f? oHvGifjrpfvufwufjzpf+yD; 0 ®r@awmf yefqef;udk jzwfoef;pD;qif;aewJh erfhcgjrpfeJ@ rJacgifjrpfvufwufjzpfwJhrdkif;vm;e,fu erfhavGacsmif;awGrSm a&tm;v#yfppf wnfaqmufzdk@w±kwfrSmpDrHudef;±Sda=umif; azaz:0g&D 12 &ufae@xkwf o#rf;oHawmfqifhrSm azmfjyygw,f?

&ckdifurf;vGefu ,leefjynfe,ftxd uDvdkrDwm (800)±Snfvsm;wJh a&eHeJ@"gwfaiG@ydkufvdkif; vHkòcHa&;[mvnf; w±kwfpD;yGm;a&;twGuf tvGefta&;}uD;wmrkd@ w±kwf jrefrme,fpyfa'o+idrf;csrf;a&; eJ@ wnf+idrfa&;udk tpGrf;ukef yl;wGJaqmif±Guf&r,fvdk@w±kwf 'k-orRw ±SDusifhzsif u vGefcJhwJh 'DZifbmv aejynfawmfudkvma&mufpOf AdkvfcsKyfr–;}uD;oef;a±$u *wday;vdkufygw,f?jy\em udk aphpyfaqG;aEG;wJhenf;eJ@ +idrf;csrf;pGm ajz±Sif;vdrfhr,fvdk@ar#mfvifha=umif; w±kwf 'k-orRw±SDusifhzsifu aejynfawmfrSm ajymoGm;ygw,f? udk;uef@a'oudk t=urf;zuf wkdufckdufodrf;ydkufwmrsKd;aemufxyfrjzpfzdk@ tmrcHwmrsKd;udk w±kwfu vdkvm;ygw,f?

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Arm ppftkyfpkeJ@ w±kwfukrü%DawG zufpyfvkyfudkifovdk0-w±kwfzufpyfvkyfief;awG trsm;}uD;±Sdygw,f? udk;uef@/ 0 eJ@

38 Vol. 27, No. 268, 2010

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*gr%d (16.12.2009)

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INDEPENDENCE

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SSC OuUX *szkd;vkH (LDU vm;[l wDrkdu&ufwpf) / twGif;a&;r–;Akdvfr–;avm0fqkdif (o#rf;jynfjyefvnfxlaxmifa&;aumifpDRCSS)/ 0trsKd;om;tzGJ@csKyf WNO rSwmhtkduf!Gef@/ PNLO ytkd0f;trsKd;om;vGwfajrmufa&;tzGJ@csKyfOuUX cGefOuUmeJ@o#rf;yl;aygif;aqmif±Gufa&;aumfrwD TCC rS OD;yifcrf;wdk@ wufa&mufcJh+yD;-

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