Report in Filariasis

8/12/2019 Report in Filariasis

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Filariasis

By: Barrantes, Patrick and Garcia, Charina Jane


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Filariasis

is a parasitic disease (usuallyan infectious tropical disease) that is causedby thread-like nematodes (roundworms)belonging to the superfamily Filarioidea,alsoknown as "filariae.

is considered endemic in tropical andsubtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Central

and South America, and Pacific Island nations,with more than 120 million people infectedand one billion people at risk for infection.


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Signs and Symptoms

Some infected people are asymptomatic anddo not develop clinical symptoms.

most spectacular symptom of lymphatic

filariasis is elephantiasisedema withthickening of the skin and underlying tissues.

subcutaneous worms present with skin

rashes, urticarial papules, and arthritis, aswell as hyper- andhypopigmentation macules.


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abdominal pain

usually begin with on-and-off chills,

headache, and fever that lasts between 3mos. And one year after the insect bite.

there may be also swelling, redness, andpain in the arms, legs or scrotum.

Ares of abscesses may appera as a result ofdying worms or a secondary bacterial infxn.

Only a small percentage of people develop

lymphedema which is a result of improperfuctioning of the lymph system.

Legs are the most affected


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Risks

When a mosquito bites a person infected with

lymphatic filariasis (LF), microscopic worms

that are circulating in that persons blood will

infect the mosquito.

Lives in a Tropical and subtropical area


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Diagnostic Tests

blood test

immunochromatographic test => a simpler andmore specific antigen-detection test.

The circulating filarial antigen (CFA) test isperformed on a finger-prick blood droplet takenanytime of the day. Results are available in a fewminutes.

The larvae can also be found in the blood, butmosquitoes which spread the disease are activeat night.


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Treatments:

Anti-parasitic Drug Therapy. This treatmentprevents possible transmission of LF to otherpeople. Infected individuals are treated with a

series of anti-parasitic drugs.recommended treatment for patients

is albendazole (a broadspectrum anthelmintic) combined withivermectin.

a. eliminating the larvae


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Supportive Clinical Care

Lymphoedema management. The patient is advised tofollow these simple procedures. These simple

measures can improve elephantiasis condition overtime:

Wash affected areas of the body twice daily with soapand clean, cool water.

Dry the said areas with care.

Raise the affected limb during the evening.

Conduct regular exercises for the affected limb.

Wear comfortable shoes. Keep nails and spaces between the toes clean.

Apply medicated creams or antibiotics on smallwounds or cuts.


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Hydrocele surgery => is a treatment option

for most hydrocele patients. Early hydrocele

and corrective surgery can be done with local

anesthetic.

Patient education and counseling.

Psychological counseling is also important in

helping patients with LF-induced disability.


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Nursing Management

Health education and informationdissemination as to the mode of transmissionmust be carried out.

Environmental sanitation and the destructionof breeding places of mosquitoes must beemphasized.

Psychological and emotional support to clientand family are necessary.

Personal hygiene must be encouraged.


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The course of the disease must be explainedto the client and his/her family.

Nursing Diagnosis:

Impaired physical mobility

Knowledge deficit

Impaired skin integrity

Activity intolerance

Body image disturbance

Altered health maintenance


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Prevention and Control

sleep under a mosquito net

use a mosquito repellant in the hours

between dusk and dawn

take a yearly dose of medicine that kills the

worms circulating in the blood.

Documents

Report in Filariasis