SYSTEMIC MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (SMCQs) IN CHEMISTRY *Ameen F. M. Fahmy, **Joe. J. Lagowski Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and Science

SYSTEMIC MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (SMCQs )IN CHEMISTRY

*Ameen F. M. Fahmy, **Joe. J. Lagowski•Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and Science

Education Center, Ain shams University ,Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt

E-mail :[email protected] **Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry the University

of Texas at Austin, TX 78712E-mail :[email protected]

19th ICCE, Seoul, Aug. 12-17 )2006(

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

In the last nine years, we have designed, implement, and evaluated the systemic approach to teaching and learning chemistry )SATLC()1-4(.

In continuation of this work, we design a new shape of objective tests based on systemics.

Objective tests require a student to choose or provide a response to a question whose correct answer is pre-determined, such question might require a student to select a solution from a set of choices [MCQs], True / Falls )TFQs(; Matching )MQs(.

Traditional objective test are very good instrument examining recall of information and application of terms but cannot assess learning beyond comprehension.

Systemic objective tests can challenge students and test higher learning levels )Analysis, Synthesis and Evaluation(.

There are several types of systemic questions.

We will illustrate in this issue SMCQs as an example of systemic objective test.

MCQs are the traditional choosing one from a list of possible answers.

)SMCQs( are choose of one systemic from a list of possible systemics. Each systemic represents three, four, or five,……physical, or chemical relations.

Various types of SMCQs from general, organic, heterocyclic and physical, chemistry will be illustrated.

Put )( infront of the correct systemic diagram:The systemic diagram represents the correct relations

between concepts )AC( is one of the following:

Type )I(: Choose Between Triangular Systemics

A

BC

X

Y

ZA

BC

Y

X

Z

A

BC

Z

X

YA

BC

X

Z

Y

a) b(

c) d()……( )……(

)……( )……()A, B, C( are concepts, atoms, or compounds.)X, Y, Z( are physical or chemical relations. Answer: )a(

Examples: The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations

between )Fe( and its related compounds is one of the following:

Answer: )c(

a) b(

c) d()……( )……(

)……( )……(

Fe

Fe2)SO4(2 FeSO4

dil H2SO4

H2SO4/ O2

Fe

FeCl3

Cl2/Zn

heat/ airFeCl2

Fe

FeO

O2/

H2SO4FeSO4

Fe

Fe3O4

O2/CO/ 700C

CO400-700CFeO

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Sodium and its related compounds is one of the following:

Answer: )a(

a) b(

c) d(

)……( )……(

)……( )……(

Na

Na2O

O2/ burnCO2

H2ONaOH

Na

Na2O

O2/ burnelectrolysis

HClNaCl

Na

NaOH

H2OMg

HClNaCl

Na

NaOH

H2O

CO2Na2CO3

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Ethylene, Ethanol, Ethyl bromide is one of the following:

Answer: )b(

a) b(

c) d(

)……..…( )…………(

)…….…( )….……(

CH2 = CH2

CH3CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2Br

dil/H2SO4

aq. KOH,

PBr3

CH2 = CH2

CH3 - CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2 - Br

dil/H2SO4

alco. KOH,

PBr3

CH2 = CH2

CH3CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2Br

Conc./H2SO4

alco. KOH,

PBr3

CH2 = CH2

CH3 - CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2 - Br

Conc./H2SO4

HBr

PBr3

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between benzene/ chlorobenzene, and phenol is one of the following:

Answer: )c(

a(

ClOH

Cl2/Fe

NaOHfusion

OH2

)......................(

b(

ClOH

Cl2/hv

NaOHfusion

Zn dust/

)......................(

c(

ClOH

Cl2/Fe

NaOHfusion

)......................(

d(

ClOH

Cl2/Fe

aq. NaOH

Zn dust/

)......................(

Zn dust/

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between pyrrole and its related compounds is one of the following:

Answer: )c(

a)

i) DMF/ POCl3ii) aq. Na2CO3

NaBH4

(......................)

b)

(......................)

c)

(......................)

d)

(......................)

NH

NH

COOH NH

CHO

i) CH2O/ii) NaOH


i) CH3MgBrii) hydro.

NH CHO

NH

NH

CH3

H2/Pd


aq. alk.KMnO4

NH

NH

CH2OH NH

CHO

heat 100oC

Nitration

Conc. HNO3H3SO4

NH CO2H

NH NO2

NH

heat 100oC


between concepts )AD( is one of the following:

Type )II(: Choose Between Quadrilateral Systemics

)A, B, C,D( are concepts, atoms, or compounds.)X, Y, Z,E( are relations. Answer: )a(

A

C

B

D

E

X

Y

Z

a) ( )

A

C

B

D

Z

X

Y

E

b) ( )

A

D

B

C

E

Z

Y

X

c) ( )

A

C

B

D

Y

X

Z

E

d) ( )

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between )Fe( and its related compounds are one of the following:

FeCl2

FeCl3

Conc. HCl

Mg HCl

Conc. H2SO4

(a)

Fe

Fe2(SO4)3

( )

FeCl2

FeCl3

HCl gas

MgAir/heat

Conc. H2SO4

(b)

Fe

Fe2(SO4)3

( )

Answer: )b(

FeCl2

FeCl3

HCl gas

Cu Air/

dil/ H2SO4

(c)

Fe

Fe2(SO4)3

( )

FeCl3

FeCl2

HCl gas

MgAir/ heat

Conc. H2SO4

(d)

Fe

Fe2(SO4)3

( )

The systemic diagram represents the correct sequence of physical properties is one of the following:

Be

B

1) Increases2,3) Decreases

(a)

Li

C


1) Decreases2,3) Increases

1) Decreases2) Increases

No. Property

1 Electronegativity2 Metallic property3 Atomic radius

( )

Be

B


(b)

Li

C

1) Increases2) Decreases



( )

Answer: )c(

Be

B


(c)

Li

C




( )

Be

B


(d)

Li

C 1) Decreases2,3) Increases



( )

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between sodium and its related compounds are one of the following:

Na2O

NaCl

O2 /burn

(a)

Na

Na2CO3

HClheat

CO2

( )

Na2O

NaOH

O2 /burn

(b)

Na

Na2CO3

H2Oheat

CO2

( )

Answer: )d(

NaOH

NaCl

H2O

(c)

Na

Na2CO3

HClheat

CO2

( )

NaOH

NaCl

H2O

(d)

Na

Na2CO3

CO2

HCl

Electrolysison molten salt

( )

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Calcium and its related compounds are one of the following:

Answer: )a(

CaO

Ca(OH)2

O2

(a)

Ca

CaCl2

H2OElectrolysis

HCl( )

CaO Ca(OH)2

(b)

CaCl2

H2O

heat

HCl CaCO3

CO2

( )

Ca

CaCl2

(c)

CaCO3

Electrolysis

HClCa(OH)2

CO2

( )Ca CaCl2

(d)

CaCO3

Electrolysis

HCl

CaO

( )

The systemic diagram represents the following reactions sequence. [Substitution – Substitution – Elimination – Addition] is one of the

following:

Answer: )a(

CH3 CH3

CH2 CH2

CH3CH2Br

CH3CH2OH

Br2/hv

H2/Ni aq. KOH

Conc. H2SO4, 170oC

1

2

3

4(a)

( )

CH3 CH3

CH2 CH2CH3CH2Br

CH3CH2OH

Br2/hvdil/H2SO4

H2O

alco. KOH

HI/ 150oC

1

2

3

4(b)

( )

CH3 CH3

CH2 CH2

CH3CH2Br

CH3CH2OH

Br2/hv

Conc. H2SO4170oC

aq. KOH H2/Ni

1

2

3

4(c)

( )

CH3 CH3

CH2 CH2

CH3CH2BrBr2/hv

HBr

alco. KOH Zn/HCl

1

2

3

4(d)

CH3CH2Br

( )

The Systemic diagram represents the chemical relations between Oxirane, Aziridine, Ethanolamine, and Ethylene is one of the following:

Ph3PO

NH

OH OH

NH3

NH3

Cl2/H2Oa)

( )

PhCO3

O

NH

OH NH2

NH3

b)

H2SO4KOH

( )

/

HNO3

Answer: )b(

LiAlH4

O

NH

Conc.H2SO4 /170oC

i) N3ii) TSCl, H+iii) B-

c)

NOCl

( )

CH3CH2OH

Ph3PO

NH

NH2 OH

NOClNH3d)

i) H2SO4ii)KOH/ 170oC

( )


between concepts )AE( is one of the following:

Type )III(: Choose Between Pentagonal Systemics

)AE( are concepts, atoms or compounds.)X, Y, Z,M,F( are physical or chemical relations. Answer: )a(

a(

)……(DE

X

FZ

BAY

CM

b(

)……(DE

X

FM

BAY

CZ

c)

)……(DE

X

MZ

BAY

CF

d(

)……(DE

Y

FZ

BAX

CM

Examples: The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations

between Calcium and its related compounds is one of the following:

)………………..…(

a) Ca CaO

CaCl2 CaCO3

Ca)OH(2

H2O

CO2

O2

HCl

elec

troly

sis

)………..…(

b(

Ca

CaCl2

CaSO4 CaCO3

CO2H2SO4

HCl

electrolysisCa)OH(2

CaCl2

CaO

CaO Ca

O2

H2O

HCl

electrolysis

CaCO3

c)

)………..…(

)………..…(

d(

Ca

CaCl2

CaCO3 Ca)OH(2

CO2H2SO4

HCl

electrolysisCaO

Answer: )a(

The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Ethylene, Ethane, Acetaldehyde, ethylbromide and ethanol is one of the following:

)………………..…(

a) CH3CH2Br

H2/Ni

KMnO4/Conc.H2SO4

HgSO4/dil H2SO4

Br2/ hv

aq. KOHCH3-CH3

CH3CH2OH

CH3CHOCH2=CH2

)………………..…(

b)CH3CH2Br

H2/Ni

KMnO4/Conc.H2SO4

Zn/ Conc. HCl/

HBr

aq. KOHCH2=CH2

CH3CH2OH

CH3CHOCH3-CH3

)………………..…(

c)

CH2=CH2

Br2/ hv

KMnO4/Conc.H2SO4

Zn/ Conc. HCl/

alco. KOH dil/H2SO4

CH3CH2Br

CH3CH2OH

CH3-CHOCH3-CH3

Answer: )c(

)………………....…(

d(CH3-CH2OH

HBr

Zn/ Conc. HCl/H2/Ni

aq. KOH

dil/H2SO4

CH3CH2Br

CH3CHO

CH3-CH3CH2=CH2

Keywords:

SMCQ's, SATLC

By using )SMCQ's(, we expect from students::

- Making maximum connections between chemistry concepts, atoms, compounds, and reactions.

- Recognize which cognitive level they should view the chemistry material.

- See the pattern rather than the parts.

References:

1- Fahmy, A. F. M., Lagowski, J. J., J pure Appl. 1998, [15th ICCE, Cairo, August 1998].

2- Fahmy, A. F. M., Hamza, M. A., Medien, H. A. A., Hanna, W. G., Abdel-Sabour, M. : and Lagowski, J.J., Chinese J.Chem. Edu. 2002, 23)12(,12 [17th ICCE, Beijing, August 2002].

3- Fahmy, A. F. M., Lagowski, J. J; J. Chem. Edu. 2003, 80 )9(, 1078.

4- Fahmy, A.F. M., Lagowski, J. J., Using SATL Techniques to Assess Student Achievement, [18th ICCE, Istanbul Turkey, 3-8, August 2004( .

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SYSTEMIC MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (SMCQs) IN CHEMISTRY *Ameen F. M. Fahmy, **Joe. J. Lagowski Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and Science