catalogue two hundred eighty-four

Latin AmericanIndependence

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Front cover: 84. [Mexico – Declaration of Independence]: La Regencia del Imperio.... 1821.

rear cover: 45. [Venezuela – Junta Suprema Gubernativa]: Americanos.... Caracas. 1811.

A Note

This catalogue traces the story of the collapse of the Spanish Empire in the New World and the establishment of independent countries in its wake. Arranged chrono-logically, it begins with the precursor revolutions in the French Caribbean islands and the takeover of Louisiana by the United States. The heart of the catalogue covers the revolutions in South and Central America between 1806 and the 1830s. Highspots include an association copy of Arrowsmith’s great atlas of 1816, a huge collection of early Buenos Aires imprints, some remarkable documents relating to the takeover of Louisiana by the U.S., the official printing of the 1821 Mexican Declaration of Independence, and a series of important broadsides relating to the 1820 revolution in Caracas.

An index follows the final entry.

The Beginnings of Major Troubles in St. Domingue

1. [Haiti]: RELATION AUTHENTIQUE DE TOUT CE QUI S’EST PASSE A SAINT-DOMINGUE AVANT ET APRES LE DEPART FORCE DE L’ASSEMBLEE COLONIALE...AVEC LA CORRE-SPONDANCE DES SIEURS DE PEYNIER, GOUVERNEUR, COUTARD, ET AUTRES COMMANDANTS ET OFFICIERS TANT DE TERRE QUE DE MER. [Np, but St. Domingue, probably Au Cap. 1790]. 74pp. Modern three-quarter calf and boards. Repaired paper loss in titlepage approximately 1½ inches in diameter, affecting first three letters of title. Light soiling on titlepage and second leaf; very minor foxing. Good. Untrimmed, several signatures unopened.

“A partisan account of the disturbances at Port-au-Prince and Saint Marc during July and August, 1790” – Garrett. Though Bissainthe indicates that this imprint is Parisian, the crudeness and nature of the printing is such that we believe it more likely that it was actually printed in Saint Domingue. From imprints handled by this firm we know that there was a rich print culture in St. Domingue on the verge of the revolution. There were presses at St. Marc, Port-au-Prince, and Cap Français, with probably two or three different printers at each of the last two. All Caribbean printing is quite rare.

Only nine copies of this work located in OCLC. BISSAINTHE 7687. SABIN 75187. GARRETT, FRENCH COLONIAL QUESTION 159. OCLC

20694712, 77725342. $4000.

Early Martinique Imprint

2. [Martinique]: RELATION AUTHENTIQUE DES EVENEMENS QUI SE SONT PASSES AU FORT-BOURBON DE LA MARTI-NIQUE [caption title]. St. Pierre: Imprimerie de P. Richard & le Cadre, 1790. 8pp. on a folded sheet. Toned. Very good. In a half morocco clamshell case, cloth chemise.

A very early Martinique imprint, which refers to the horrors of the slave revolt there and gives a play-by-play account of the events that unfolded at Fort Bourbon. The first recorded printing on the island listed by Swan is in 1784, but we have handled a newspaper from 1780 and have seen in commerce an imprint from 1762. As with so much else to do with early Caribbean printing, the story of the press on Marti-nique is shrouded in mystery. Only one copy in OCLC, at Columbia University.

SWAN, CARIBBEAN PRINTING, p.32. OCLC 123200325. $3000.

An Unrecorded St. Domingue Imprint

3. [St. Domingue]: ADRESSE DE L’ASSEMBLEE PROVINCIALE DE LA PARTIE DU NORD DE ST. DOMINGUE, A L’ASSEMBLEE NATIONALE, DANS LAQUELLE ON PROPOSE LES MOYENS DE RAPPELLER LA CONFIANCE, LE CALME & LA CON-CORDE, & DE FIXER L’UNION ETERNELLE DE LA COLONIE AVEC LA FRANCE [caption title]. [Cap Français]. June 28, 1790. 12pp. Folded sheets, unstitched. Dampstained. About very good. Untrimmed. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell case with cloth chemise.

This apparently unrecorded St. Domingue imprint is an official colonial document issued by the Assemblée Provinciale du Nord of St. Domingue, in which the As-semblée Provinciale addresses the Assemblée Nationale with the aim of settling some of the unrest in the colony, caused in part by the French Revolution, but by this time spreading to slave revolts in the French colony. Sabin and Bissainthe both list only a Paris edition of this imprint (23pp.). No copies of this imprint are located in OCLC, and it is evidently unique.

This imprint serves to illustrate the remarkable print culture of pre-Revolutionary St. Domingue, by far the richest of French sugar colonies. From imprints handled by this firm we know that there were presses at St. Marc, Port-au-Prince, and Cap Français, with probably two or three different printers at each of the last two. Among imprints this firm sold to the John Carter Brown Library there is a Port-au-Prince edition of this pamphlet, issued by the official printer, Mozard. The present piece, printed in Cap Français, where the Provincial Assembly had met, is in all prob-ability the first edition. That two separate editions of such a work were issued in a Caribbean colony in the 18th century is in itself remarkable. That each survives in a unique copy illustrates how little we know about early Caribbean imprints.

Another edition: SABIN 75040. BISSAINTHE, DICTIONNAIRE DE BIBLIOGRAPHIE HAITI-

ENNE 4382. $3000.

4. Perez y Lopez, Antonio Xavier: TEATRO DE LA LEGISLACION UNIVERSAL DE ESPAÑA É INDIAS. Madrid. 1791-1798. Twenty-eight volumes. Small quarto. Modern half calf and marbled paper boards, red and green labels, a.e. red. A clean, very nice set, with only a bit of minor dampstaining and the odd spot or paper flaw in all the many volumes.

An important, practical, dictionary-like guide to the complicated plethora of leg-islation (en)acted in the Spanish legal “theater.” An especially useful shortcut to finding royal decrees, court decisions, etc., on any of the thousands of topics indexed.

PALAU 221275. SABIN 60899. $4000.

5. [Peru]: REGLAMENTO PARA LAS MILICIAS DE INFANTERÍA Y CABALLERÍA DE LA ISLA DE CUBA...QUE DEBE OBSER-VARSE EN TODO LO ADAPTABLE A LAS TROPAS DE MI-

LICIAS DEL REYNO DE PERU.... Lima. 1793. [4],108,[14]pp. plus twelve (of thirteen) folding letterpress tables. Original decorative wrappers bound into later mottled calf, spine gilt, leather label. Extremities rubbed. Old ink stamp on titlepage; light scattered foxing. Very good.

Military regulations for troops under the control of the Spanish commander in Cuba, with tables showing the organization of troops, distribution, arms issued, and the like. The second Lima edition of this work, after the first of 1779, intended to serve as a model for the organization of troops there. It was first printed in Madrid in 1769 and reprinted in Havana in 1777. In a larger sense, these regulations were part of Galvez’s reforms of the Spanish empire in America, and would have had a direct impact on Louisiana, as troops from Cuba were used to crush the Louisiana Conspiracy of 1768 in 1769, the year these orders were promulgated. Needless to say, quite rare. Only two copies are listed in OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library and the National Library of Chile.

MEDINA (LIMA) 1775. VARGAS UGARTE 2660. OCLC 55243520, 82622709. $2500.

6. [Guadeloupe]: PÉTITION A LA CONVENTION NATIONALE, PAR LES PATRIOTES, CITOYENS DE COULEUR, DÉPORTÉS PAR LES ANGLAIS ET DÉBARQUÉS A ROCHEFORT, APRÈS S’ÊTRE RENDUS MAITRES DES TRANSPORTS No. 34 ET 42 PAR LE 41me DEGRÉ DE LATITUDE NORD [caption title]. Paris. [1794]. 19pp. Quarto. Stitched as issued. Remnants of paper wrappers along spine edge. Lightly soiled. Very good. Untrimmed.

In the 1790s, with the advent of the French Revolution, revolts broke out in many of France’s Caribbean colonies, including Guadeloupe, where a sharp division oc-curred between the monarchists and the republicans, resulting in control of the island by the monarchists. One of the divisive issues on Guadeloupe was slavery and the rights of free people of color. A commission speaking on behalf of the “citoyens de couleur” was actively at work in Paris, striving to end the slave trade and abolish slavery. This commission was successful in its lobby, and the French government abolished slavery in 1794. In order to maintain control of the island, the monarchists asked for British assistance, with the result that the island was occupied by Britain from April to December 1794. This pamphlet is a petition on behalf of the citoyens de couleur, asking the French government to rescue repub-lican prisoners from Guadeloupe aboard two British vessels. The petition vilifies slavery and the monarchists who would continue to enforce it, and lays consider-able blame at the feet of the island’s governor, Victor Collot. It includes extracts of letters by the primary participants and provides significant information on the rebellion in Guadeloupe.

Only one copy in OCLC, at the British Library; another with a different im-print listed at the Bibliothèque Nationale. Not in Cundall, Sabin, or the Beinecke Lesser Antilles Collection at Hamilton College. $1250.

A Haitian Printing of the First Constitution of Haiti

7. [Haiti Constitution]: ACTE OFFICIELLE. CONSTITUTION FRANÇAISE DES COLONIES DE SAINT-DOMINGUE, EN SOIXANTE-DIX-SEPT ARTICLES...[caption title]. [Cap Français?]: De chez le veuve Leroux, no. 20, rue de la Vielle-Bouclerie, [1801?]. 8pp. Modern green boards, gilt leather label. Minor toning. Near fine.

An early printing of the first constitution of Haiti, promulgated by Toussaint Louverture in the summer of 1801. Divided into thirteen sections with a total of seventy-seven articles, Toussaint’s constitution proposed equal rights for all races, freed the slave population of Saint Domingue, and made him governor for life. It also outlawed divorce, laid out the function and practice of each of the three branches of government, as well as the army, and established communal farming as a means of ensuring agricultural production. The Constitution was viewed by France as the first step to independence, which was highly unacceptable, and Napoleon would surreptitiously send General LeClerc to Saint Domingue the following year to remove Toussaint from power.

Despite the attribution given for the widow Leroux as printer, this piece ap-pears to have been printed in Saint Domingue rather than Paris, as implied by that attribution. The quality and manner of the printing, in addition to several irregu-larities in the text (including the misprinting of the printer’s address as “rue de la Vielle-Bouclerie” rather than “rue de la Vielle-Boucherie” as it should be), point to a Caribbean rather than Continental imprint. All such early Haitian imprints are rare, and copies of Haiti’s first constitution even more so. This edition is not present in the Bibliothèque Nationale, which lists only the first edition printed in Cap Français. $15,000.

Thoughts of a Famous Troublemaker

8. Workman, James: POLITICAL ESSAYS RELATIVE TO THE WAR OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION; viz. AN ARGUMENT, AGAINST CONTINUING THE WAR, FOR THE SUBVERSION OF THE REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT OF FRANCE...AND, A MEMORIAL, PROPOSING A PLAN, FOR THE CONQUEST AND EMANCIPATION OF SPANISH AMERICA, BY MEANS OF WHICH WOULD PROMOTE THE TRANQUILITY OF IRE-LAND. Alexandria. 1801. 174pp. 12mo. Contemporary calf, gilt morocco label. Binding rubbed and worn, especially at spine ends; early repair to hinges. Ink stamp of the New-York Historical Society on titlepage. Lightly tanned, but overall internally very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

This copy bears an ink inscription on the titlepage (“from the author”), with the signature of the recipient, John Pintard, dated 1802, beside it. Pintard in turn

presented this volume to the New-York Historical Society in 1807, as noted by his inscription to that effect on the front fly leaf. Pintard was a powerful New York financier, and a founder of the New York Stock Exchange, the New-York Histori-cal Society, and the Tammany Society. As a result of his Tammany connection, he was surely a friend and associate of Aaron Burr, who was intimately connected with James Workman and the goals espoused in this volume.

An early document, predating the plans of Aaron Burr (with which Workman was later implicated), proposing an attack on Florida, Louisiana, and other Spanish possessions in the Americas. Workman, a British lawyer of the Middle Temple, emigrated to the United States in 1801 and had this volume published shortly there-after. The first two essays, on British policy toward Napoleon’s France, had already appeared in England. The third part, on the plan to liberate Spanish America, appears here for the first time. Workman argues that the British should take the opportunity posed by the Napoleonic wars to attack and liberate “Spanish America,” by which he means not only all of South America, but Florida and Louisiana as well. In order to achieve this goal Workman proposes using Irishmen to do the fighting, along with regular troops and volunteers. He lays out specific plans for such an undertaking, discussing logistics, manpower, and more. Workman had this volume published in Alexandria, Virginia in November 1801 and sent Jefferson a copy that same month. Why he thought an American president, especially of Jef-ferson’s sentiments, would be interested in helping the British conquer territory in the Americas, is curious indeed.

Workman’s goal of an attack on Louisiana and Spanish America is a dream that died hard, for just a few years after publication of this volume he became involved in the so-called “Burr conspiracies.” After a stint as a newspaper editor in Charles-ton, Workman went to New Orleans, where he was appointed a judge of Orleans Parish. In that capacity he worked to frustrate the local authorities in political and legal matters. He took a leading role in forming the “Mexican Association of New Orleans,” whose avowed purpose was to foment an invasion of Mexico and set up an independent territory. Aaron Burr joined forces with Workman when he arrived in New Orleans, the two men sharing the same goals. Those goals had, in fact, been stated as early as 1801 in Workman’s Political Essays....

This copy is the only one to appear at auction since the Streeter sale. Rare, and quite interesting.

STREETER SALE 1676. SABIN 105483. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 1690. SOWERBY, JEFFER-

SON’S LIBRARY 3272. $6000.

A Major Louisiana Rarity

9. Dubroca, Louis: L’ITINÉRAIRE DES FRANÇAIS DANS LA LOU-ISIANE. Paris: Dubroca, Fuchs, Veuve Deveaux, and Rondonneau, 1802. [4],104pp. plus large folding map (partially handcolored). 12mo. Original pink paper wrappers. Spine slightly chipped. Faint dampstaining to a few leaves, else internally clean. Very good plus, untrimmed. In a red cloth clamshell box.

First edition of this exceedingly rare French imprint promoting the possession of Louisiana in the early 19th century. It was published during the brief return of France’s control of the territory between the Spanish and American periods of ownership between March and December 1803. The large folding map, “Carte de la Louisiane et du cours du Mississipi avec les Colonies Anglaises,” is a revised version of Guillaume Delisle’s map first published in 1718. The work includes a history and description of the colony, a description of the natives of the area and their customs, and the state of commerce in the region. Dubroca, who evidently published the work himself, argues for a much greater French presence in Louisiana. This is the Siebert copy, which, when it sold at auction in 1999, was the only copy to appear on the market since the Streeter sale ($1500 in 1967). A lovely copy in original condition.

SABIN 21028. HOWES D526, “b.” STREETER SALE 1572. SIEBERT SALE 682. $13,500.

Issued by the French Government in New Orleans, 1803

10. [Louisiana]: ARRETÉ, QUI MET LE SIEUR ST.-JULIEN EN LIB-ERTÉ, SOUS CAUTION QU’IL SE REPRÉSENTERA DEVANT LES AUTORITÉS TOUTES LES FOIS QU’IL EN SERA REQ-UIS. AU NOM DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE. LE PRÉFET COLONIAL, COMMISSAIRE DU GOUVERNEMENT FRAN-ÇAIS, APRÈS AVOIR PRIS LA CONNAISSANCE LA PLUS AP-PROSONDIE DE L’AFFAIRE DU SIEUR LOUIS ST.-JULIEN...[caption title]. [New Orleans. 1803]. Broadside, 16½ x 13 inches, with woodcut headpiece of symbolic figure with printed inscription: “Préfecture Coloniale.” Old fold. Moderate dampstaining and soiling, occasional foxing. Contemporary inscriptions above text. A good copy. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

An exceedingly rare New Orleans broadside concerning a case of alleged sedition, printed during the brief return of France’s control of Louisiana between the Span-ish and American periods of ownership. The decree is signed in print by Colonial Prefect Laussat and Commission Secretary Daugerot. The decree “orders the release under bond of Louis St. Julien, imprisoned in June, 1803, on a charge of sedition but actually, says Laussat, because of his intense patriotism for France on learning that Spain had ceded back Louisiana to his mother country” (McMurtrie, Louisiana). Below the names of Laussat and Daugerot is a certificate printed in italic indicating that the municipal council had ordered the immediate release of St. Julien under bond, and that the decree had been approved for printing.

Spain signed a treaty of cession on March 21, 1801, but this was not announced to the inhabitants of the colony until March 27, 1803. The actual transfer of Loui-siana back to France occurred on Nov. 30 of that year, and three weeks later the territory became a part of the United States. Pierre Clément de Laussat, Colonial Prefect, arrived in New Orleans from Paris to take formal possession of Louisiana, and as had already been arranged, transfer title to the U.S. “Laussat’s first official announcement after his arrival in New Orleans was followed by five other proclama-tions or edicts in broadside form which have been seen and recorded in the course of this study, and there were undoubtedly still others which have not come to light. The purpose of these broadsides was to establish and carry on the machinery of government and to insure the maintenance of law and order after the automatic termination of the authority of the Spanish magistrates and office holders. Most of these bear at the top an interesting woodcut of the typical female figure symbolical of France, and inscribed ‘Préfecture Coloniale.’ This woodblock was undoubtedly brought by the commission from Paris” – McMurtrie, New Orleans.

An extremely rare broadside printed during France’s brief control of Louisiana in the early 19th century. Jumonville records copies at Historic New Orleans Collection and Tulane; McMurtrie adds two copies at the National Archives in Washington; and OCLC lists only microfilm copies.

JUMONVILLE 79. HUMMEL 771. McMURTRIE (LOUISIANA) 29. McMURTRIE (NEW

ORLEANS), pp.61-68. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 4542. $12,500.

The Final Reform of the Laws of the Americas

11. [New Spain]: ORDENANZA GENERAL FORMADA DE ÓRDEN DE SU MAGESTAD, Y MANDADA IMPRIMIR Y PUBLICAR PARA EL GOBIERNO É INSTRUCCION DE INTENDENTES, SUBDELEGADOS Y DEMAS EMPLEADOS EN INDIAS. Madrid: En la imprenta de la Viuda de Ibarra, 1803. [2],xxxvi,194,[98]pp. Folio. Calf, spine gilt, leather label. Lightly rubbed at extremities, boards lightly scuffed. Contents bright and clean. Near fine.

Administrative regulations for Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and the Philip-pines. These laws represent the last ditch efforts of the Spanish monarchy to bring

reform to the administration of their colonial holdings in the Americas. Six years later, in 1809, the first declaration of independence from Spanish rule would be signed in Quito, in modern Ecuador, which would be the first spark of the move-ment for independence across Spain’s American colonies. With this ordenanza, Spain hoped to restructure and reform colonial rule in such a way to prevent that from happening. A nice piece of Spanish-American history.

MEDINA (BHA) 5971. PALAU 202973. $2750.

British Thoughts on Louisiana in 1803

12. Orr, George: THE POSSESSION OF LOUISIANA BY THE FRENCH, CONSIDERED, AS IT AFFECTS THE INTERESTS OF THOSE NATIONS MORE IMMEDIATELY CONCERNED, viz. GREAT BRITAIN, AMERICA, SPAIN, AND PORTUGAL. London: Printed by D.N. Shury, 1803. 45pp. Half title. Modern half tan morocco and marbled boards by Sangorski & Sutcliffe, spine gilt. Occasional fox mark, some light soiling, but overall a near fine copy.

An important and rare British view of Louisiana Territory just prior to the Louisiana Purchase. Orr calls for British and American unity against French control in the Americas: “If the English and Americans but open their eyes, and look forward, they will perceive, that when the French once settle themselves in North and South America, they will one day contend for the chief power in those countries. Let them therefore unite more strictly in the bonds of mutual friendship, and keep a watchful eye on their common interests....” The American purchase of Louisiana Territory in 1803 changed things, of course, and made the United States the rival to Britain in the Pacific Northwest, and to Spain in the Floridas.

HOWES O125, “aa.” SABIN 57652. EBERSTADT 138:410. $3000.

Commissioner Laussat Writes of the Impending Transferof Louisiana to the United States

13. [Louisiana Purchase]: Laussat, Pierre Clément de: [MANUSCRIPT LETTER, SIGNED, FROM PIERRE LAUSSAT, THE COLO-NIAL PREFECT OF LOUISIANA, TO FRENCH GENERAL ROCHAMBEAU, INFORMING HIM OF THE IMPENDING TRANSFER OF LOUISIANA TO THE UNITED STATES, AND OF HIS INABILITY TO SEND SUPPLIES TO ROCHAMBEAU IN HAITI]. New Orleans. September 30, 1803 [i.e. 7 Vendémiaire, an 12]. [3]pp. letter on a folded folio sheet, with engraved scene entitled “Repub-lique Francaise” at the top of the first page. Addressed in manuscript on the fourth page: “au General en chef Rochambeau, Capitaine General de l’Ile St. Domingue.” One-inch tear in center vertical fold (with some small tape repairs), where wax seal had been affixed, not affecting any text. Very good.

An excellent letter from the French Colonial Prefect of Louisiana, informing the French general in charge of suppressing the slave uprising in Haiti that he has few supplies to send him, and also transmitting information of the impending trans-fer of Louisiana Territory to the United States. Laussat’s letter to Rochambeau, informing him that he has little in the way of supplies to send and that Louisiana will soon be given to the United States, is a prime example of the United States finding advantage in Europe’s distress.

The Louisiana Purchase Treaty had been signed on April 30, 1803, and though rumors of the transaction were rampant, official news of the transfer circulated slowly throughout French political and military circles. At the time the letter was written, the impending transaction was still a state secret; the treaty would not be ratified by the U.S. Senate until the next week. The sale was partially motivated by circumstances in Haiti, where France was losing the struggle to put down the independence movement. The fight against the Haitians was costing the lives of thousands of French soldiers and putting a strain on the treasury. The resumption of European hostilities meant that the Royal Navy could cut off any supplies from Europe, and Napoleon had decided to abandon his American strategy. Within three months of this letter Louisiana would belong to the United States and Rochambeau would surrender his forces in Haiti to the British rather than be massacred by the insurgents.

Pierre Clément de Laussat, the last French Colonial Prefect of Louisiana, arrived there in late March 1803, just a month before the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed. This letter, on his official letterhead (with the seal of the French Republic and the engraved text, “Marine. Colonie. Louisiane.”), is written to the French general in command of Saint Domingue (Haiti), Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, the Vicomte de Rochambeau (son of the Comte de Rochambeau, who led French forces in the American Revolution). Rochambeau had been made commander of French forces following the death of General Leclerc in 1802. He initiated brutal tactics against the Haitians, which only served to unite the island’s blacks, mulattos, and mestizos against the French. The British navy had curtailed supplies to Haiti from France, and Rochambeau turned to Laussat for supplies to feed his troops.

Laussat writes (in translation from the French):

I’ve learned with a great deal of probability of the cession of Louisiana to the United States, but up until now I have neither orders, nor instructions, nor official advice of any kind. If the cutter could have been loaded with flour, as proposed...I would have taken upon myself to send you some....In the event that the Government authorizes me to use my resources to assist you, I would try at once to combine the liveliest and most eager zeal with the necessary prudence; these resources, I must tell you, General, are fewer than you would think.

Laussat also criticizes the actions of the captain of the French cutter that had come to New Orleans to receive the supplies. Dramatic events would take place in Loui-siana and Haiti over the next few weeks. On November 18, 1803 the French army

under Rochambeau was devastated by Haitian forces at the Battle of Vertieres, and proclaimed its independence shortly thereafter. Laussat had been hearing rumors since his arrival of a potential sale of Louisiana to the Americans, and those rumors were officially confirmed to him in August. On December 20, 1803 he presided over the ceremony officially transferring Louisiana Territory to the United States.

This letter from Laussat, sent less than three months before he officially trans-ferred Louisiana to American control and less than two months before France’s ultimate defeat in Haiti, is a remarkable document. It ably demonstrates the shift-ing balance of power in North America as the United States more than doubled its size, and France lost control of its colonies in the Caribbean. $27,500.

Making the Louisiana Purchase Happen,and an Invitation to the Ball in Honor of the Transfer of Louisiana

14. [Louisiana Purchase]: Laussat, Pierre Clément de: [MANUSCRIPT LETTER, SIGNED, FROM THE FRENCH COLONIAL PRE-FECT OF LOUISIANA, LAUSSAT, TO CAPTAIN GUILLERMO DUPARC, COMMANDANT OF THE POINT COUPEE POST, TELLING HIM OF THE SPANISH RETROCESSION OF LOUI-SIANA TO THE FRENCH, AND INSTRUCTING HIM TO TAKE THE NECESSARY MEASURES TO EXERT CONTROL OVER HIS PARISH]. New Orleans. December 10 [i.e. 9], 1803 [17 Frimaier an 12]. [1]p. letter on a folded folio sheet, with engraved scene entitled “Re-publique Francaise” at the top of the first page. A few manuscript notes and calculations on the second and fourth pages. Old folds. Some soiling on fourth page, a bit of ink bleedthrough. Very good. [with:] [PRINTED INVITATION, SENT BY THE FRENCH COLONIAL PREFECT OF LOUISIANA, LAUSSAT, FOR A GALA IN HONOR OF THE SPANISH COMMANDER IN LOUISIANA, AND IN ANTICIPA-TION OF HANDING THE LOUISIANA TERRITORY OVER TO THE UNITED STATES]. December 11, 1803 [19 Frimaire an XII]. [1]p., printed on a folded quarto sheet, addressed in manuscript on the fourth page. Small tear in upper right corner of first page, half-inch split along one fold. Very good. The pair in a half morocco clamshell case, cloth chemises.

A remarkable pair of documents, announcing to a local French commander the completion of the transfer of Louisiana from Spanish to French control, and invit-ing him to an upcoming gala in honor of the local Spanish commander and the forthcoming transfer of Louisiana Territory to the United States. The letter and invitation are both addressed to Captain Guillermo Duparc, commandant of the Point Coupee military outpost, just northwest of Baton Rouge.

Pierre Clément de Laussat, the last French Colonial Prefect of Louisiana, ar-rived there in late March 1803, just a month before the Louisiana Purchase Treaty

was signed in Paris (on April 30). Spain had ceded Louisiana to the French in the Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800, though the provisions of the treaty had remained a secret; his immediate responsibility was to oversee the transfer from Spain to France. Laussat had been hearing rumors since his arrival of a potential sale of Louisiana from France to the Americans, and those rumors were officially confirmed to him in August. In May 1803 the Spanish commanders of Louisiana, including the Marquis de Casa Calvo, announced the forthcoming retrocession of Louisiana from Spanish to French control, a process that was formally completed on November 30, 1803.

In the present letter, dated just nine days after the completion of the Spanish retrocession, Laussat writes Duparc, sending him (in translation from the French) “the order which I have issued concerning taking possession of the French Republic of Louisiana in your district. I reached an agreement on it, in advance, with the Commissioners of S.M.C. [Sa Majeste Catholique, i.e. King Charles IV of Spain] dated the 12th of Frimaire [December 4, 1803].” Laussat writes that, along with the proclamation, he is sending Duparc various decrees regarding the circumstances of French control and asks him to redouble his efforts for tranquility, peace, and order in his district. The proclamation and decrees mentioned by Laussat are not present with this letter. The manuscript letter is on Laussat’s official letterhead, with the seal of the French Republic and the engraved text, “Marine. Coloniea. Louisiane.” Interestingly, Laussat has annotated the pre-printed portion of the letter, changing his title from “Colonial Prefect of Louisiana” to “Colonial Prefect Commissioner of the French Government,” reflecting the new political situation after the Spanish hand-over of the territory to the French just nine days earlier.

The printed invitation is also addressed to M. Duparc, and is very rare, located by Jumonville in only one other copy, at the Historic New Orleans Collection. Dated December 11, 1803, it invites Duparc to a soiree hosted by Laussat on “next Thursday,” the 15th of December. The party was being held to commemorate the transfer of Louisiana from Spanish to French control, and its impending transfer to the United States. More specifically the party was in honor of the Spanish com-mander, the Marquis de Casa-Calvo, brigadier of the Spanish armies, in thanks for the Spaniards’ efforts in recent days, and as a sign of the union and friendship between the Spanish and French governments. On December 20, 1803, just eleven days after writing this letter and five days after his gala in honor of Casa-Calvo, Laussat presided over the ceremony officially transferring Louisiana Territory to the United States.

Laussat’s manuscript letter and printed invitation of Captain Duparc are rare survivals, and fascinating evidence of the political, military, and social aspects of events in Louisiana in 1803, from the Spanish transfer of control of the territory to France, to the official completion of the Louisiana Purchase by the United States.

Printed invitation: JUMONVILLE 86. $60,000.

Handcolored Original Planof Military Fortifications in Puerto Rico

15. [Puerto Rico]: PLAN OF THE TOWN AND HARBOR OF ST. JUAN IN PORTO RICO [manuscript caption title]. [Np, but probably San Juan. ca. 1804]. 13 x 9 inches, plus two supplementary, untitled sketches of the same size. Executed in an exacting hand. Contemporary reds, greens, blues, and browns remain bright and clean. Fine.

An attractive Puerto Rican view which shows the town of San Juan, its harbor, sandbanks, islands, and fortresses. The plan is marked by a compass rose and rhumb lines. These defenses at San Juan guarded Spanish colonial positions against incur-sions by the French, Dutch, and British. The primary plan, the only one with its structures labeled, runs from Isle de Cabras in the west to Fort St. Antonio in the east. At the center is Moro Castle, the six-level masterpiece of Spanish colonial architecture that remains at the heart of present-day San Juan. Construction of the imposing fortress began in 1540 and was completed nearly fifty years later, in 1589. Interestingly, these plans do not show Fort San Cristobel, construction of which began in 1634. Puerto Rico was opened to foreign trade in 1804, and it is possible this plan was composed shortly thereafter to provide either American or British traders with an idea of the island’s infrastructure. A wonderful sketch of Puerto Rico’s military resources, done in brilliant color. Early Puerto Rico material is quite rare. $8500.

Original Secret Manuscript Plans for a British Invasionof Mexico and the Independence of Spanish America

16. Bertrand-Moleville, Antoine François de: MEMOIRE SUR UN PROJET POUR FORMER DES ETATS MONARCHIQUES INDÉPENDANTS SUR LE CONTINENT DE L’AMERIQUE ESPAGNOLE. I. MOTIFS ET MOYENS D’ÉXÉCUTION. II. AVANTAGES QUE ANGLETERRE RETIRERAIT DE CETTE ENTREPRISE. III. OBJECTIONS ET REPONSES. IV. NOTES ET ECLAIRCISSEMENTS. London. Jan. 2 and 7, 1805. Approximately [58]pp. of neat manuscript text in English and French. Folio. Original gather-ings with silk ribbon ties. Crisp and overall very fine. In a half morocco and cloth box.

This exceedingly interesting and important set of documents comprises Antoine François de Bertrand-Moleville’s original manuscript plans for the liberation of Spanish America, including his cover letter conveying the proposal to Jonathan McArthur, evidently a government official, requesting that the latter convey the document to Lord Melville, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the closest political confidant of the Prime Minister, William Pitt. Also included here is an autograph

letter from McArthur to Lord Melville, transmitting Bertrand-Moleville’s manu-script, together with a précis in English of the proposal.

Bertrand-Moleville, an important French statesman under Louis XVI, was Minister of the French Royal Marine at the outbreak of the Revolution, and fled to England as a refugee. In exile, he was a close associate of the Duc d’Orléans, cousin of Louis XVI. Orléans’ court in exile represented the right wing of French royalist sentiment. In Bertrand-Moleville’s letter, he requests that McArthur bring the enclosed manuscripts to the notice of Lord Melville, offering his services in the execution of his proposed plan. In his letter to Lord Melville, McArthur states that he has had submitted for his perusal “a plan for alienating the Continent of South America from Spain, and establishing the Province of Mexico an independent State,” which he forwards to Lord Melville, together with his own “Translation of the Substance of Bertrand de Moleville’s plan.” In a postscript he remarks: “Mons. de Moleville is preparing a plan to be submitted to Mr. Pitt through Mr. Long, relative to the means to be employed for effecting a Counter Revolution in France, on principles different from those hitherto proposed or attempted.”

Bertrand-Moleville argues that it would be futile for England to attempt a de-fensive war only against France, and that since the Spanish monarchy has become part of the French empire, it is necessary to secure the vast Spanish American ter-ritory from Napoleon. Since a war is about to be declared against Spain, England is advised to act. Bertrand-Moleville recommends a bold action as the opening salvo: England should strike at the eastern coast of New Spain, and reap the glory of giving the Mexican people their independence. He describes Mexico as the part of Spanish America most vulnerable to a British attack, as her coastal fortifications are scanty and poorly protected. The plan is not to conquer Mexico in the traditional sense, but to establish the country as an economic dependency, and a revolution is seen as the easiest and best means of bringing that to pass. The country would be “seduced,” a leader chosen for the people to rally around, and the stated object of the insurrection would be “the regeneration of the Natives and Empire of Mexico.” According to Bertrand-Moleville, the best leader that could be chosen for Mexico would be the Duc d’Orléans, seconded by his brother, and assisted by a British army of some fifteen thousand men and an adequate naval force, together with any necessary financial backing. Bertrand-Moleville considers that the Spanish forces in Mexico would be no match for such an army, as they are “badly disciplined and not at all warlike.”

It is further suggested that the invading army might include about five or six thousand European troops in the employ of England, and British soldiers from Gibraltar, Malta, the West Indies, and India, all of whom would be sufficiently ac-climatized. Black troops from British colonies might be employed, and additional men could be recruited from the forces of Dessalines, the black emperor of Haiti. England might create a diversion by leading Spain to expect an attack at Havana, while in the meantime landing her forces at Vera Cruz, which place might be quickly overcome. The army could then march into Mexico as friendly “liberators,” recruit-ing “free Corps” en route to support the new “independent” monarchy.

The remainder of the manuscript is comprised of various profound political reflections on the motives and means for carrying out the plan. This is augmented by observations on Mexican topography, the civil and military administration, population, wealth, revenue, and manufactures, as well as the all-important benefits which would accrue to England. Bertrand-Moleville provides an outline of the Proclamation that the Duc d’Orléans might deliver in Mexico, and admits that an initial South American attack would be advantageous, but much too difficult to undertake.

At the end of the translation McArthur suggests several amendments, one of which is that there should be cooperation on the Pacific coast. He also makes several objections, among which are the great number of troops needed, the ap-parent contradiction of installing a foreign prince to govern a free Mexico, the use of black troops, etc.

Bertrand-Moleville’s plan for the Independence of Spanish America was a product of the overall economic and political turmoil then boiling between the European powers, as well as a long-standing interest on the part of the British to deprive Spain of her American colonies. British officials had been sympathetic to revolutionary projects in Spanish America for some time, as England stood to gain much from the smoother flow of commerce in America that might result from such plans. However, continental concerns were of the foremost importance, and any American campaigns would be subordinate to dealing with France. The two great battles between England and France in 1805 (Austerlitz and Trafalgar) had established Napoleon’s control of the continent and England’s naval supremacy. With her control of the seas, England saw an opportunity to perhaps indemnify losses in Europe via the economically important New World possessions of her enemies. By 1805, with Napoleon in control of Spain, the Spanish dominions in America became a weak point in the French-Spanish alliance, ripe for exploitation by England. Bertrand-Moleville’s plan can then be considered in the context of Britain’s overall foreign policy priority of quelling French influence while increas-ing British economic dominance. Bertrand-Moleville’s manuscript provides vivid evidence of how the British seriously considered a bold expedition to Spanish America to achieve foreign policy goals.

The example of another plan of intervention in Spanish America sheds some light on why Bertrand-Moleville’s proposal was not put into practice. Among the most important of several intervention plans was that of Francisco Miranda, who in 1803 led an effort to obtain British aid to initiate a Spanish American revolution in Venezuela. He had sympathetic listeners in William Pitt and Lord Melville, both of whom believed in the value of Miranda’s plan. In the end, Britain failed to provide any real military or financial support for Miranda’s cause. The general indecisive-ness of the ministry with regard to Miranda’s proposed expedition underscores how Bertrand-Moleville’s even bolder plan failed to take off. It was the death of Pitt in January 1806, combined with the impeachment of Lord Melville in the same year, that provided the final blow to the revolutionary projects. Nevertheless, the

immediacy and highly detailed nature of Bertrand-Moleville’s plan illustrate how close such plans came to being acted out.

A remarkable manuscript artifact detailing a little-known secret plan of British intervention in the independence of New Spain.

MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 2337 (this manuscript). William Spence Robertson, The Life of Miranda (1929) I, p.282 and passim. John Rydjord, Foreign Interest in the Independence of New Spain (1935), p.227 and passim. Guadalupe Jimenez Codinach, La Gran Bretana y la Independencia de Mexico

1808-1821 (1991), pp.108-9. $35,000.

Louisiana-Texas Border Conflicts

17. [ Jefferson, Thomas]: MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT...COMMUNICATING DOCUMENTS RESPECTING LOUISI-ANA. DECEMBER 10th, 1805.... Washington: A. & G. Way, Printers, 1805. 29pp. Printed self-wrappers, stitched. Light dampstain in first leaf, not affecting text; minor foxing. Very good, unopened and untrimmed.

Jefferson conveys to Congress documents graphically illustrating the border ten-sions between the United States, as the new possessors of Louisiana Territory, and the recently ousted Spanish. “This gives two depositions made to Dr. Sibley at Natchitoches in October, 1805, regarding Spanish aggressions, and extracts from letters from Natchitoches written from October, 1804, to September, 1805, regard-ing events in Texas, arrival of the new governor Antonio Cordero at San Antonio, fortifications being erected by the Spaniards on the Trinity, and so on” – Streeter.

STREETER TEXAS 1034. SABIN 42266. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 9572. $850.

18. Skinner, Joseph, editor: THE PRESENT STATE OF PERU: COM-PRISING ITS GEOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY, NATURAL HIS-TORY...THE STATE OF LITERATURE, PHILOSOPHY AND THE ARTS...EMBELLISHED BY TWENTY ENGRAVINGS OF COSTUMES. London. 1805. xiv,487,[1]pp. plus twenty handcolored plates. Quarto. Contemporary calf, spine gilt, leather label, rebacked and repaired with original spine laid down. Original spine cracked and flaking. Rubbed at extremities. Light, even tanning to leaves; occasional offsetting. Colors bright and fresh on plates. About very good.

This book provides a detailed overview of the geography, natural history, commerce, arts, and people of Peru. Included are articles on botanical science in Peru, the periodicals and other literature of Peru, as well as an account of missionaries in the unexplored mountain regions of the country. Illustrated with twenty beautifully colored stipple-and-line engravings depicting the costume of various segments of Peruvian society, including upper-class ladies, female domestics in Spanish dress, Indian men and women, a bullfighter, “Virgin of the Sun,” “Mestizo of Quito Pro-fessing a Liberal Art,” among others. According to Sabin, this book is an extract

from Mercurio Peruano. This English translation is by Joseph Skinner, under whose name the work is sometimes listed.

PALAU 315564. SABIN 81615. ABBEY 723. COLAS 2751. LIPPERHEIDE 1629. $4250.

19. [American Commerce]: THE MEMORIAL OF THE MERCHANTS & TRADERS OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE. Baltimore: Warner & Hanna, 1806. 49pp. Errata slip laid down in lower margin of last leaf. Dbd. Light uniform browning, old library stamp at head of titlepage. Very good.

This petition, one of many from various merchant organizations, lobbies the President of the United States and Congress to defend American commerce with Europe in light of British violation of the “neutral rights,” occasioned by the early years of the Napoleonic wars. Baltimore merchants were a hotbed of organization for various American subversive enterprises in Latin America and the Caribbean.

SHAW & SHOEMAKER 10854. KRESS 5070. SABIN 3045. $500.

20. [Beresford, William C., Maj. Gen.]: EL COMANDANTE BRITANI-CO, CON EL FIN DE QUE EL COMERCIO DE ESTA PLAZA PUEDA TOMAR TODA LA ACTIVIDAD DE QUE SON SUB-CEPTIBLES LAS PRESENTES CIRCUNSTANCIAS DEL PAIS...[caption title]. Buenos Aires. 1806. [4]pp. Small folio, removed from an earlier binding. Portion of inner blank margin of both leaves cut away without loss of text. Single paper repair in outer margin of first leaf, affecting only two letters. Two worm holes not affecting text. Old folds. A very good copy. In a folder within a clamshell box.

A rare ephemeral item printed in Buenos Aires during the brief occupation of that city by the British in the early 19th century. Printed on a local unidentified press, these sixteen commercial regulations issued by the British were published five weeks after Sir Home Popham and Gen. Beresford took Buenos Aires, and only eight days before the city was retaken by Spanish forces. The document includes four regulations concerning tobacco, as well as others regarding wine, hard liquor, horse hides, other skins, and “Yerba del Paraguay.” A rare surviving document of British attempts to expand into South America in the early 1800s. There are no copies recorded in NUC or on OCLC.

MEDINA (BUENOS AIRES) 307. FURLONG II:773. $2500.

21. [Argentina]: A NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION TO, AND THE STORMING OF BUENOS AYRES, BY THE BRITISH ARMY, COMMANDED BY LIEUTENANT-GENERAL WHI-TELOCK. By an Officer, Attached to the Expedition. Bath: William Meyler, 1807. [2],38pp. plus one engraved plan. Modern half roan and boards, spine gilt. Occasional minor foxing; minor titlepage repair with no loss of text. A very good copy, with engraved bookplate of P. Francis K.C.B on front pastedown.

An anonymous straight-forward account of the British attack on Buenos Aires in 1807, written “without any flourishing or prolix declamation on the calamities of war, the effects of courage, or the pursuit of wealth and fame.” The unidentified author includes extensive details on the final engagements leading to the defeat of the British troops under Lieut. Gen. John Whitelocke by the Spanish citizen army of Creoles and peasants under the command of Santiago de Liniers. The plan and accompanying printed explanation of the plate assist in visualizing the narrative of the battle described in the text. Forced to withdraw from Buenos Aires after this defeat, Whitelocke was court-martialed and cashiered. An intriguing record of the British engagement in Buenos Aires with an unusual Bath imprint for such a work. OCLC records only five copies.

SABIN 51805. ALBERICH 1247. $2750.

The British Attack on Montevideo in 1807

22. [Tucker, John Goulston Price]: A NARRATIVE OF THE OPERA-TIONS OF A SMALL BRITISH FORCE, UNDER THE COM-MAND OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL SIR SAMUEL AUCHMUTY, EMPLOYED IN THE REDUCTION OF MONTE VIDEO, ON THE RIVER PLATE, A.D. 1807. By a Field Officer on the Staff. Il-lustrated with a Plan of the Operations. London: Printed for John Joseph Stockdale, 1807. 60pp. plus one engraved plan. Quarto. Original boards, with letterpress title on front cover and publisher’s advertisement on rear cover, re-backed and recornered. Some soiling on cover, inner hinges reinforced. Light offsetting of plan onto titlepage, otherwise a very clean copy of the text. Else a fine copy. In a cloth slipcase.

An anonymous account by a field officer, now attributed to John Goulston Price Tucker, of Samuel Auchmuty’s capture of Montevideo in 1807. This attack was one of a series of British incursions in South America in the beginning of the 19th century. Auchmuty’s original mission was to retake Buenos Aires, which had briefly been under British control. As this was not possible, he chose instead to attack nearby Montevideo, which was strongly fortified, but much smaller than Buenos Aires. The work includes the narrative of the operations and the text of Auchmuty’s general order declaring victory. An appendix records Auchmuty’s own version of the events, names of British wounded and killed, prizes taken at Montevideo, and related proceedings in Parliament. The engraved plan shows the geographic region, with British troop movements delineated.

SABIN 51819. ALBERICH 1248. $3250.

A Major Archive of Early Buenos Aires Imprints

23. [Buenos Aires Imprints]: [BOUND COLLECTION OF 224 SOUTH AMERICAN IMPRINTS, INCLUDING 218 INDIVIDUAL TI-TLES PRINTED IN BUENOS AIRES BETWEEN 1807 AND 1809]. Buenos Aires. 1807-1809. Three bound volumes, plus nine unbound or disbound pamphlets, for a total of 224 separate imprints (including one Rio de Janeiro imprint, two Spanish imprints, and two Buenos Aires duplicates). All items but one (the Rio de Janeiro imprint at the beginning of the first volume, printed in Portuguese and French) printed in Spanish. Small quarto. Contemporary vellum, original leather ties, contemporary ink manuscript titles on spines. Vellum slightly soiled. In fine condition.

An extraordinary archive of Buenos Aires imprints, composed primarily of newslet-ters printed at the Imprenta Niños Expòsitos between June 1807 and November 1809. The collection represents over one quarter of the entire recorded output of the Buenos Aires press during this period and constitutes a major archive of news stories extracted from Spanish, Portuguese, English, and Brazilian sources and printed for Argentine readers during a pivotal period in the region’s history. The news accounts, together with a significant number of manifestos, poems, procla-mations, and decrees, cover the invasions and defeats of the British at Montevideo and Buenos Aires in 1807, the collapse of the Spanish monarchy in 1808, Spanish efforts against Napoleonic rule, and the battles and effects of the Napoleonic wars in Europe and the Americas – crucial events in the formation of Argentine self-determination and eventual independence from Spain. The first and third volumes

of the collection are largely devoted to newsletters, while the second volume contains a number of separate pamphlets, manifestos, and political statements.

Virtually all of the imprints in the collection are listed in Guillermo Furlong’s authoritative Historia y Bibliografía de las Primeras Imprentas Rioplatenses. Exceptions include an anti-Napoleonic manifesto printed in Rio de Janeiro (Volume 1, item 1); two pamphlets printed for the Spanish government-in-exile at Cadiz (Volume 2, items 84 and 89); and two items not bearing a publisher’s imprint, but for which context, paper, and printing style all suggest a Buenos Aries origin (Volume 1, item 56, and Volume 3, item 71). A detailed list of the imprints is available upon request. $65,000.

24. [Argentina]: AN AUTHENTIC NARRATIVE OF THE PRO-CEEDINGS OF THE EXPEDITION UNDER THE COMMAND OF BRIGADIER-GEN. CRAUFURD, UNTIL ITS ARRIVAL AT MONTE VIDEO; WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE OPERA-TIONS AGAINST BUENOS AYRES UNDER THE COMMAND OF LIEUT.-GEN. WHITELOCKE. By an Officer of the Expedi-tion. London. 1808. viii,216,[1]pp. plus four folding maps. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Minor offsetting and foxing on titlep-age and to other leaves facing maps. Old library stamps on first two leaves; contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Errata slip pasted to verso of titlepage. Very good, untrimmed.

In 1807, Gen. John Whitelocke was sent to the Rio de la Plata with a large force. His goal was to reinforce British troops already operating there and in Argentina and to seize Buenos Aires, a move designed to open up the markets of South America to British commerce and replace those lost on the Continent by Napoleon’s block-ade. Despite his large force, Whitelocke proceeded cautiously and ineptly, further hampered by bad weather. The assault on Buenos Aires was met by civilian as well as military resistance, when the British had expected local merchants to welcome them with open arms. Craufurd commanded a light brigade, which led the attack on Buenos Aires and successfully achieved its objectives. However, a large part of the attacking force was cut off and forced to surrender while Whitelocke napped in his tent and Craufurd’s brigade was ordered to surrender with the rest of the British force. Santiago Liniers, the Spanish commander, proposed a truce if the British would promise to withdraw in two months, but said he could not answer for the safety of the prisoners if the attack was renewed. Feeling that the object of the expedition was now untenable, Whitelocke accepted those terms. The Brit-ish withdrew to Montevideo and then to England, losing what might have been a foothold in South America. Whitelocke was the subject of the greatest scorn on returning to England, where he was court-martialed and cashiered. Though this work is sometimes attributed to General Whitelocke, the accusatory and wounded tone of the narrative makes that unlikely.

SABIN 103672. PALAU 375051. HALKETT & LAING 1, p.164. DNB (online). $2000.

One Other Copy Located

25. [Argentina]: BUENOS AYRES. AN AUTHENTIC NARRATIVE OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE EXPEDITION AGAINST BUENOS AYRES, UNDER THE COMMAND OF LIEUT. GEN. WHITELOCKE. By an Irish Officer. Dublin: Printed by R. Smith and published by W. Figgis, 1808. 109pp. 20th-century three-quarter morocco and cloth, spine gilt. Shelf mark plate of Markree Library on front pastedown, signature of E.S. Cooper on titlepage. A very good copy.

An anonymous account by a field officer relating the unsuccessful British attempt under Lieut. Gen. Whitelocke to recapture Buenos Aires in 1807. The articles of the treaty ceasing hostilities between the Spanish and the British signed on July 7, 1807 are included. Following this narrative the author provides a “brief descrip-tion of the country, and a short account of such circumstances as came under our observation, in those parts we passed through.” OCLC records only one copy of this Dublin imprint, located at the National Library of Ireland.

NAYLOR 26. ALBERICH 1210. $3500.

26. [ Whitelocke, John]: THE PROCEEDINGS OF A GENERAL COURT MARTIAL, HELD AT CHELSEA HOSPITAL, ON THURSDAY, JANUARY 28, 1808, AND CONTINUED, BY AD-JOURNMENT, TILL TUESDAY, MARCH 15, FOR THE TRIAL OF LIEUT. GEN. WHITELOCKE, LATE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE FORCES IN SOUTH AMERICA. London. 1808. Two volumes. [8],438,xxxix; [8],439-828pp. plus two folding maps. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards, leather labels. Titlepage of first volume and both maps backed with stiff paper. Minor toning in text; some minor scattered foxing. Very good.

The proceedings of General John Whitelocke’s court-martial upon his return from the failed campaign in Argentina. In 1807, General Whitelocke was sent to the Rio de la Plata with a large force. His goal was to reinforce British troops already operating there and in Argentina, and to seize Buenos Aires, a move designed to open up the markets of South America to British commerce and replace those lost on the Continent by Napoleon’s blockade. Despite his large force, Whitelocke proceeded cautiously and ineptly, further hampered by bad weather. The assault on Buenos Aires was met by civilian as well as military resistance, when the Brit-ish had expected local merchants to welcome them with open arms. Craufurd commanded a light brigade, which led the attack on Buenos Aires and successfully achieved its objectives. However, a large part of the attacking force was cut off and forced to surrender while Whitelocke napped in his tent and Craufurd’s brigade was ordered to surrender with the rest of the British force. Santiago Liniers, the Spanish commander, proposed a truce if the British would promise to withdraw in two months, but said he could not answer for the safety of the prisoners if the

attack was renewed. Feeling that the object of the expedition was now untenable, Whitelocke accepted those terms. The British withdrew to Montevideo and then to England, losing what might have been a foothold in South America. Whitelocke was the subject of the greatest scorn on returning to England, where he was court-martialed and cashiered.

SABIN 103677. $750.

The Rarest Account of the Burr Treason Trial,with the Rare Portrait by St. Mémin

27. [Wirt, William]: THE TWO PRINCIPAL ARGUMENTS OF WIL-LIAM WIRT, ESQUIRE, ON THE TRIAL OF AARON BURR, FOR HIGH TREASON, AND ON THE MOTION TO COMMIT AARON BURR AND OTHERS, FOR TRIAL IN KENTUCKY. Richmond. 1808. Title-leaf, leaf of ads, 221pp. Engraved portrait. 16mo. Con-temporary tree calf, rebacked in matching style, spine gilt. Corners slightly worn. Early, neat gift inscription on front fly leaf, bookplate on front past-edown. A very good copy. In a cloth chemise and half morocco slipcase, spine gilt.

Published the same year that Wirt, then future United States attorney general, was elected to the House of Delegates. His prestige was increased dramatically when he appeared for the prosecution of the case against Burr, which prompted Jefferson to suggest Wirt seek a congressional seat, which the latter declined. A key Burr item, in which his grand conspiracy to separate the southwestern U.S., foment rebellion in Mexico, and establish himself as ruler of a vast American empire, is explored. The fine portrait of Wirt by St. Mémin is often lacking and was probably not issued with all copies.

HOWES W587. SABIN 104883. COHEN 14120. TOMPKINS 112. STREETER SALE 1693.

SHAW & SHOEMAKER 16753. $4500.

28. Clark, Daniel: PROOFS OF THE CORRUPTION OF GEN. JAMES WILKINSON, AND OF HIS CONNEXION [sic] WITH AARON BURR.... Philadelphia. 1809. [2],150,199pp. Modern paper boards and label. Very good, untrimmed.

Clark, a former resident of New Orleans and business associate of Wilkinson, pro-duced considerable testimony against the General in the course of the Burr trial, for which he was subjected to much abuse by Wilkinson partisans. He published this book to present his case and clear his own good name. He demonstrates that Wilkinson was receiving payments from the Spanish government, and that he was actively involved in the Burr Conspiracy and plots for the Southwest to separate from the Union.

HOWES C431, “aa.” STREETER SALE 1694. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 17221. TOMPKINS

28. $1250.

29. Havey y Podán, G.: UN INDIO MESTIZO, DEL PARTIDO DE CHICHAS, EXHORTA A SUS COMPATRIOTAS, Y RECON-VIENE A LOS FRANCESES [caption title]. Buenos Aires: Imprenta de Niño Expósitos, 1809. 14pp. Small quarto. Contemporary waste-paper wrappers, with engraved geometric figures inside the rear wrapper. Very good and clean.

A very rare work relating to the political events leading to Argentina’s independence. During Napoleon’s seizure of Spain, sentiment in Rio de La Plata was patrioti-cally on the side of the Spanish monarchy. This pamphlet attacks Napoleon and his advances in Spain, which are interpreted as a prelude to France’s ambitions in Latin America. Although independence from Spain is not called for in the pres-ent pamphlet, the text does reflect a fresh assertiveness on the part of the Buenos Aires Creoles, which eventually led to the establishment of a cabildo abierto, or open town meeting, paving the way to formal independence from Spain on July 9, 1816. “Los hostilidades se dilatan, el tiempo urge, la impaciencia de ver a nuestro amado Monarca en los brazos de los Españoles, exige los mayores exfuerzos de nuestra parte...Amados peruanos: estamos obligados a transmitir a las generaciones venideras los hechos mas grandes de la Gran Bretaña en favor de nuestras armas....” The NUC locates only a single copy of this rarity, at Harvard. Not in Medina’s Buenos Aires Imprints. “Raro” – Palau.

PALAU 112553. $1250.

30. [Peru]: DON JOSE FERNANDO DE ABASCAL Y SOUSA...POR QUANTO EN CARTA ACORDADA DEL SUPREMO CONSEJO DE INDIAS SE ME PREVIENE LO SIGUIENTE [first line of text]. Lima. 1809. Broadside, 37 x 16½ inches. Old fold lines. Backed with later paper. Slight worming, affecting small portions of text. Minor soiling. Good.

A bando printing of this proclamation establishing the Junta Central Suprema and calling members to take the oath of office on an appointed day. One of the first abortive attempts to rebel against Spanish authority in Peru. No copies are listed in OCLC.

MEDINA (LIMA) 2136. VARGAS UGARTE 3408. $750.

31. Workman, James: ESSAYS AND LETTERS ON VARIOUS PO-LITICAL SUBJECTS. New York: Printed and published by I. Riley, 1809. 165pp. 12mo. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Boards rubbed, hinges cracking. Early 19th-century lending library bookplate of the Newark Library Society; old stamp of the New Jersey Historical Society on titlepage (noting deaccession). Scattered tanning and foxing. Good. In a cloth clamshell box, gilt leather label.

“Styles itself the “Second American Edition” on the titlepage, as portions had ap-peared previously” – Howes. Workman, a British lawyer of the Middle Temple,

emigrated to the United States in 1801. After a stint as a newspaper editor in Charleston, Workman went to New Orleans, where he was appointed a judge of Orleans Parish. In that capacity he worked to frustrate the local authorities in politi-cal and legal matters, focusing especially on William Claiborne, the governor of the Territory of Orleans. He took a leading role in forming the “Mexican Association of New Orleans,” whose avowed purpose was to foment an invasion of Mexico and set up an independent territory, and Workman was also a co-conspirator in Aaron Burr’s plot to wrest away a portion of the southwest from the United States. In his judicial role, Workman sought to vacate the arrests of the Burr conspirators ordered by General James Wilkinson (himself a co-conspirator with Burr). This resulted in Workman’s own arrest in January 1807. He was charged with treason; a few weeks later he resigned his judgeship, and was ultimately tried and found not guilty. These issues are directly addressed in the third essay, which is the most important essay for the Americanist in this volume, and which is entitled “A Letter to the Respectable Citizens, Inhabitants of the County of Orleans; Together with Several Letters to Governor Claiborne, and other Documents Relative to the Ex-traordinary Measures Lately Pursued in This Territory.” Unlike the other essays, it carries its own titlepage, though the pagination shows that it is part of the volume as a whole. In this essay Workman describes his attempts to oppose Wilkinson’s actions, in particular the arrests of Peter Ogden and Justus Erich Bollman. He provides several documents that seek to exonerate his actions and defend his legal opinions. He also uses the essay to further attack Governor Claiborne’s legislative program, accusing him of dereliction of duty. This essay was also published sepa-rately in New Orleans in 1807, and republished in Boston in 1808.

The first two essays, “An Argument Against Continuing the War for the Sub-version of the French Government” and “A Letter to the Duke of Portland, Being an Answer to the Two Letters of the Right Honorable Edmund Burke, Against Treating for Peace with the French Republic,” were originally published in England in the 1790s, and were also included in Workman’s Political Essays, published in Alexandria, Virginia in 1801. They relate to British policy regarding Napoleonic France. The fourth essay relates Workman’s reasons for opposing a Bill of Divorce before the Legislative Council of the Territory of Orleans, and the fifth essay prints Workman’s “Proposals for Publishing a Digest of the Laws of Castile and the Spanish Indies.”

Though well-represented in institutions, this work is rare on the market. The Streeter copy brought $550.

HOWES W676, “aa.” SHAW & SHOEMAKER 19278. STREETER SALE 1697. SABIN

105480. $2500.

Item 33.

Key Document in the Burr-Wilkinson Investigation

32. [Burr-Wilkinson Conspiracy]: REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE, APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE CONDUCT OF BRIGA-DIER GEN. J. WILKINSON. MAY 1st, 1810. Washington: Printed by Roger C. Weightman, 1810. 217pp. plus five folding tables. Gathered signa-tures, stitched as issued. Titlepage torn in upper right margin and lower mar-gin, with no loss of text. Scattered foxing and light tanning. Good, untrimmed. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A rare and important collection of documents relating to the Burr-Wilkinson conspiracy. Wilkinson, who had a distinguished military career dating back to the Revolution, was appointed governor of Louisiana Territory by Jefferson in 1805. He conspired with Burr to carve out an empire in the West, and when Burr was found out, Wilkinson turned on him. “Report of the congressional inquiry in relation to Wilkinson’s having received money from Spain and having been an accomplice with Burr in a plot to dismember the Union. It is an important document of the conspiracy, containing the secret letters and correspondence of Carondelet, Wilkin-son, Power, Philip Nolan, Portell and others; the reports of various members of the intrigue on the state of the Western Country and people; reports of observation, negotiation and travel through the Mississippi Valley from New Orleans to Detroit; with depositions of the informants, etc.” – Eberstadt.

STREETER SALE 1699. TOMPKINS 80. HOWES W432, “aa.” EBERSTADT 134:89. SHAW &

SHOEMAKER 21810. $3750.

Revolution!Announcing the Overthrow of the Spanish Government

and Deposing of the Captain General in Venezuela

33. Rivas y Galindo, Francisco: [Text begins:] PROCLAMA QUE HIZO DON FRANCISCO RIVAS Y GALINDO, JOVEN DE EDAD DE QUINCE AÑOS, HIJO DE DON VALENTIN RIVAS UNO DE LOS SS. VOCALES DE LA SUPREMA JUNTA GUBERNATIVA DE CARACAS, À LOS HABITANTES DE VENEZUELA. Caracas: Gallagher & Lamb, April 20, 1810. Broadside, 12¼ inches. Minor worming in foremargin, repaired. A very good copy.

A broadside of the greatest importance, announcing the overthrow of the Viceregal government in northern South America and the establishment of a new junta. Young Rivas, son of one of the leaders of the first independent government in Venezuela, calls on all Venezuelans to unite behind the new authority, saying “the inhabitants of this city” have overthrown an illegitimate government, have established a “supreme authority,” and are now breathing “the air of Independence.” He points out the remaining provinces are the body of the new nation and that without them Caracas

is merely a bodyless head. “Unite or die” is his plea, and by doing so, “[w]e will form a nation that will know how to maintain the honor of the Spanish people and that will make all others respect us.”

The revolt of April, 1810 was one of a series which rippled across Latin America that spring and summer. The catalyst was the proclamation of the Spanish Cortes, sitting in exile in Cadiz while the Peninsular War dragged on, to establish a Regency in the name of Ferdinand VII, still a French captive while Napoleon’s brother Joseph ruled Spain. While outwardly a liberal step, this was in fact a reassertion of Span-ish authority in the New World, and alarming to those dreaming of independence. The commissioners arrived in Caracas on April 19, 1810, and delivered their news. The next day- the day this broadside was issued- the new junta deposed of the Captain-General of Venezuela, Emparan, and sent him into exile. The Revolution had begun, although lip service was still paid of loyalty to Ferdinand VII.

This broadside was printed on the first regularly established press in Venezuela, and is only the sixteenth item in Pedro Grases’ chronological list of things printed in Venezuela. The accepted date for “the beginning” of printing in Venezuela is October 1808, with the arrival of the press of Gallagher and Lamb and the first publication of Andrés Bello’s Gazeta de Caracas. Grases locates only the copies in the Public Record Office (London) and the Archivo de Indias (Seville). Searches of NUC and OCLC fail to find any copy at all. Further, no copies were found when searching the OPACs of the national libraries of Spain, Venezuela, Colombia, France, and England, nor was it known to Medina.

A key document in the history of Latin American independence. GRASES, HISTORIA DE LA IMPRENTA EN VENEZUELA 16. VILLASANA VI:108. Cam-

bridge History of Latin America III:102. $20,000.

The Revolution in VenezuelaAnnouncing the Support of the Commercial Class

34. Llamosas, José de las, and Martín Tovar Ponte: [Text begins:] LA SU-PREMA JUNTA GUBERNATIVA DE ESTA CAPITAL, HA RECI-BIDO CON LA MAYOR SATISFACCION EL VOTO SINCERO Y GENEROSO DE MUCHOS INDIVIDUOS ESPAÑOLES EN-ROPEOS [sic] DE COMERCIO DE ESTA CIUDAD.... Caracas: Gal-lagher y Lamb, April 20, 1810. Broadside, 12¼ inches tall. Slight worming in foremargin, touching but not costing three letters; repaired. A very good copy.

On the day after the coup d’état that deposed the Captain General, the leaders of the governing junta in Caracas announce that many of the city’s Spanish and Eu-ropean merchants have given their support to the new government. Whether they did so willingly or because of pressure is not known, but this is clearly a statement that is directed at both the hold-out merchants and at those hotheads who might seek to extract compliance extra-governmentally.

Llamosas and Tovar Ponte were among the leading figures of the early Indepen-dence movement in Venezuela. The junta paid lip service to continued loyalty to the Spanish monarch imprisoned by the French; both served as president of Junta of Defense of the Rule of Fernando VII (later, The Revolutionary Junta), Llamosas from April 19 to August 1810, and Tovar August 1810 to March 2, 1811. Addi-tionally, Tovar Ponte, the favorite son of an elite family, was a member of the 1811 Congress and a signer of the Venezuelan Act of Independence on July 5 of that year.

This proclamation was printed by Venezuela’s first press, that of Gallagher and Lamb, which only arrived in Caracas in October 1808. It is the fourteenth item in Pedro Grases’ chronological list of things printed in Venezuela. Evidently the third known copy: Grases located only the copies in the Public Record Office in London and the Archivo de Indias in Seville. Searches of NUC and OCLC fail to find any copy at all. Further, no copies were found when searching the OPACs of the national libraries of Venezuela, Colombia, Spain, France, and England.

A highly important document of the Venezuelan Revolution, issued the day of the overthrow of the old government.

GRASES, HISTORIA DE LA IMPRENTA EN VENEZUELA 14. $9000.

Item 35.

A Patriotic Hymn Celebrating Venezuelan National Independence,by the Author of the National Anthem: Only Known Copy

35. Bello, Andrés: [Text begins:] CANCION PATRIOTICA DE CARA-CAS. Caracas: Gallagher y Lamb, 1810. Broadside, 12¼ inches. Worming in foremargin repaired. A very good copy.

In the days immediately following the coup that deposed the Captain General and began the long process of independence, Andrés Bello, Venezuela’s great poet, collaborated with Cayetano Carreño, “Maestro de Capilla” of the main church of Caracas cathedral, in the composing of several “patriotic songs.” One of those early efforts became the national anthem of Venezuela. This is one that did not. It begins: “Caraqueños, otra época empieza: / De la gloria la senda se abrio.” It was sung for the first time by Cayetano Carreño and six other voices on the night of April 23, 1810, three days after the coup, with the accompaniment of the military orchestra of the “Batallon Veterano.” The performance took place below the balcony on which were assembled the members of the Supreme Junta.

In addition to the historic collaboration of Bello and Carreño, this fabulous document has the distinction of having been printed by Venezuela’s first press, that of Gallagher and Lamb, which arrived in Caracas in October 1808, and was almost certainly printed on April 24, the day after the hymn was first sung.

This broadside seems to be completely unrecorded. It was unknown to imprint bibliographers Medina and Pedro Grases. Searches of NUC and OCLC fail to find any copy at all, as is the case when searching the OPACs of the national libraries of Venezuela, Colombia, Spain, France, and England.

A stirring Revolutionary moment, by Venezuela’s first great poet. $27,500.

A Supplement to the First Caracas Newspaper

36. [GAZETA DE CARACAS]: SUPLEMENTO A LA GAZETA DE CARACAS. Caracas: Gallagher y Lamb, April 27, 1810. [1]p. Folio. Worm-ing in foremargin, touching two letters, repaired. Small hole where paper was thin at center of leaf, with loss of a bit of a rule but no text. Pencilling in margins. A very good copy.

Newspaper printing did not begin in Venezuela until October 1808, when the press of Gallagher and Lamb arrived and printed, as its first product, the first issue of Andrés Bello’s Gazeta de Caracas. The news that Andrés Bello gives to eager readers in this supplement concerns the total occupation of Madrid by Napoleon’s forces, the fleeing to Gibraltar of 5000 Spanish soldiers, and other distresses that the Spanish army was suffering. Rare: Charno locates copies of the supplement only at the Newberry and University of Texas libraries.

CHARNO, LATIN AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS IN UNITED STATES LIBRARIES, pp.590-

92. $2500.

“Americanos”: Proclaiming VenezuelaOne of the Free Governments of the Americas

37. [Venezuela – Junta Suprema Gubernativa]: [Text begins:] AMERI-CANOS. EL ORDEN POLITICO DEL OTRO HEMISFERIO HA REDUCIDO LA ESPAÑA Á SER VICTIMA DE LA PERFIDIO Y OORESION Y ESTE PUEBLO GENEROSO CONDUCIDO DE UNO EN OTRO INFORTUNIO VA YA Á SER BORRADO DEL CATALOGO DE LAS NACIONES.... Caracas: Gallagher y Lamb, July 1811. Broadside, 12¼ inches tall. Slight worming in foremargin, repaired. A very good copy.

July 5, 1811 is Venezuela’s official independence day, following more than a year of wrangling and temporary measures after the deposing of the Captain General on April 20, 1810 and the establishment of a caretaker government that already styled itself as “independent,” despite paying lip service to loyalty to Ferdinand VII. This document dates from immediately after July 5th, as internal evidence shows. Here the Junta Suprema explains what it perceives as the political reality of Spain’s dissolution into non-nationhood under Napoleon and thereby justifies “Venezuela [having] entered now, Americanos, into the number of free nations of the Americas.”

This is the third known copy. Grases locates only the copies in the Public Record Office (London) and the Archivo de Indias (Seville). Searches of NUC and OCLC fail to find any copy at all. Furthermore, no copies were found when searching the OPACs of the national libraries of Venezuela, Colombia, Spain, France, and England.

An exciting proclamation at the beginning of Venezuelan independence. GRASES, HISTORIA DE LA IMPRENTA EN VENEZUELA 72. Cambridge History of Latin

America III:110. $17,500.

First Government Exploration of the Southwest

38. Pike, Zebulon M.: AN ACCOUNT OF EXPEDITIONS TO THE SOURCES OF THE MISSISSIPPI, AND THROUGH THE WESTERN PARTS OF LOUISIANA, TO THE SOURCES OF THE ARKANSAW, KANS, LA PLATTE, AND PIERRE JAUN, RIVERS...DURING THE YEARS 1805, 1806, AND 1807. AND A TOUR THROUGH THE INTERIOR PARTS OF NEW SPAIN...IN THE YEAR 1807. Philadelphia: Published by C. & A. Conrad, & Co...., 1810. [8],105,[11],[107]-277,[3],65,[1],53,[1],87pp. plus six maps (five fold-ing) and three folding charts. Frontispiece portrait. 19th-century three-quarter brown morocco and marbled boards, gilt-lettered spine. Slight shelf wear. Offsetting on titlepage as usual. Minor toning and foxing. Contemporary armorial bookplate on front pastedown. Overall very good.

The report of the first United States government expedition to the Southwest, and one of the most important of all American travel narratives, including an account of Pike’s travels to explore the headwaters of the Arkansas and Red rivers, his earlier journey to explore the sources of the Mississippi River, and his visit to the Spanish settlements in New Mexico. Pike’s narrative stands with those of Lewis and Clark, and Long, as the most important of early books on western exploration and as a cornerstone of Western Americana. The maps were the first to exhibit a geographic knowledge of the Southwest based on firsthand exploration and are considered “milestones in the mapping of the American West” (Wheat). “The description of Texas is excellent” – Streeter Texas.

Item 37.

The Pike expedition probed at the Spanish borderlands, which Jefferson believed were ripe for collapse. Ultimately his expedition was captured by a Spanish military force and expelled from New Spain.

HOWES P373, “b.” WAGNER-CAMP 9:1. STREETER SALE 3125. WHEAT TRANSMISSIS-SIPPI 297, 298, 299. GRAFF 3290. FIELD 1217. STREETER TEXAS 1047C. HILL 1357. BRAD-

FORD 4415. RITTENHOUSE 467. SABIN 62936. JONES 743. BRAISLIN 1474. $30,000.

39. [Onìs, Luis de]: THE PASSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT’S MES-SAGE, WHICH RELATES TO THE FORCIBLE OCCUPATION OF WEST FLORIDA, IMPERIOUSLY CLAIMS THE ATTEN-TION OF EVERY AMERICAN...[caption title]. [Np. possibly 1810, but more likely 1811]. 20pp. Errata slip affixed to final page. [bound with:] Onìs, Luis de: OBSERVATIONS ON THE CONDUCT OF OUR EXECUTIVE TOWARD SPAIN [caption title]. [Georgetown. 1813]. 25,[1]pp. [bound with:] Toze, Eobald: THE FREEDOM OF THE NAVIGATION AND COMMERCE OF NEUTRAL NATIONS,

DURING WAR, CONSIDERED...[caption title]. [Np. nd]. [153]-312pp. All three titles bound in contemporary tree calf, rebacked in modern calf, gilt morocco label. Uniform light tanning. Ownership signature of Charles Jared Ingersoll (see below) on front pastedown. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

The first two of three early and important tracts on the growing controversy between the United States and Spain over West Florida and Texas, published anonymously by Luis de Onìs under the pen name of “Verus.” As the Spanish minister to the United States, Onìs would negotiate the landmark Adams-Onìs treaty of 1819, by which the U.S. acquired Florida, agreed to a boundary with Spain all the way to the Pacific Ocean, and fixed the boundary between Louisiana and Spanish-controlled Texas. In the two tracts present here, Onìs addresses the question of the control of West Florida and the boundary of Texas. Onìs was not recognized by the U.S. as the Spanish ambassador until 1815, and so here he writes in the guise of an American citizen attempting to support Spanish claims to West Florida. He warns of the “awful consequences” that would likely arise from the “rash, unwarranted, and ill-fated” American occupation, foreseeing potential military conflict with Spain, Great Britain, and France. Of the first essay, no copy is known to have a titlepage or imprint, and all conform to our copy. We can locate five copies, plus the Streeter copy, of this first tract.

In the second title Onìs again defends Spain’s title to West Florida and attacks American claims that the Brazos River constitutes the western boundary of Louisiana, which he calls “ridiculous and unfounded.” He also protests against the Guiterrez de Lara filibuster from Natchitoches into Texas. Copies of this second tract are known with and (more commonly) without titlepages. A third anonymous tract by Onìs appeared in 1817, and all three were published in his Memoria... of 1820, where he ascribes dates to them. Onìs dates the first essay to 1810, while Servies argues that it is a response to Madison’s message of Jan. 3, 1811, and therefore reasonably dates it in that year.

This entire volume bears the ownership signature of Charles Jared Ingersoll (1782-1862), author of Inchiquin and a history of the War of 1812, and a lawyer and politician who served in the U.S. House from 1813 to 1815, and again from 1841 to 1849, when he was active in the debate over the annexation of Texas, and on the sectional controversy. Ingersoll has identified himself as the translator of the third item in this volume, a treatise on freedom of navigation published in The American Law Journal (circa 1817).

An important and rare pair of tracts on the growing controversy over West Florida, and on the boundaries of Texas and the westward reach of the United States.

Passage...: SERVIES 825. STREETER SALE 1534. SABIN 99315. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 20955. Observations...: SERVIES 837. STREETER TEXAS 1052. SABIN 99313. SHAW & SHOEMAKER

29416. $5000.

40. [Burr-Wilkinson Conspiracy]: REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE CONDUCT OF GEN-ERAL WILKINSON. FEBRUARY 26, 1811. Washington: A. and G. Way, 1811. 582pp. plus four folding tables. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, gilt morocco label. Boards a bit rubbed. Scattered foxing. A very good copy.

This copy bears the ownership signature of Stephen R. Bradley at the foot of the titlepage. Stephen Row Bradley (1754-1830) graduated from Yale and served in the Continental Army and in a variety of judicial and political posts in Vermont before becoming the first United States Senator from that state, in 1791. He served in that position until 1795, and again in the U.S. Senate from 1801 to 1813, as a Democratic Republican.

An important and scarce collection of documents giving much insight into the workings of the Burr-Wilkinson conspiracy, issued in the same year that Wilkin-son was court-martialed (and eventually found not guilty) for his role in the affair. Wilkinson, who had a distinguished military career dating back to the Revolution, was appointed governor of Louisiana Territory by Jefferson in 1805. He conspired with Burr to carve out an empire in the West, and when Burr was found out, Wilkinson turned on him. These documents bring together evidence of the charges that Wilkinson accepted money from Spanish authorities, and that he worked with Burr in a plot to break off southern and western territories from the United States. Included are depositions of witnesses both for and against Wilkinson, private letters to and from Wilkinson, reproductions of correspondence between him and the War Department, and much, much more. Two of the plates reproduce ciphers that Burr and Wilkinson used in their secret correspondence.

Tompkins notes that most copies end at page 522, instead of at page 582 (as in this copy). Howes and Shaw & Shoemaker call for five folding tables, but we believe that count to be incorrect, as most copies of which we are aware contain four or fewer folding tables. Tompkins calls for only two sheets of ciphers (both present in this copy), and the Streeter copy had only three folding tables. Not in Sabin. Scarce on the market, and important in telling the story of the Burr con-spiracy and Wilkinson’s role in it.

HOWES W433, “aa.” TOMPKINS 81. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 24269. STREETER SALE 1702.

EBERSTADT 134:91. $3750.

41. [Errazuriz y Aldunate, Xavier]: MANIFESTO DEL ALCALDE ORDINARIO DE ESTA CIUDAD DE SANTIAGO DE CHILE...[caption title]. [Buenos Aires: Niños Expòsitos, April 20, 1811]. 7pp. Small piece excised from last leaf, affecting two words. Internally clean. Very good. In a half morocco box.

A concise summary of a short-lived rebellion that occurred in Santiago on April 1, 1811. Chile, newly independent the previous year, would struggle for the next three

years to establish a solid government. Similar Argentine imprints are extremely rare. OCLC locates only one copy.

OCLC 29506741. $1000.

A Havana Imprint Attacking Napoleon

42. Figuera de Vargas, Francisco: LA UNION INDISOLUBLE. AVISO Á LOS INCAUTOS AMERICANOS CONTRA LA SEDUCCIO-NES DE NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, Y MAXÍMAS DE LOS NUE-VOS FILOSOFOS. Havana: Don Esteban Joseph Boloña, 1811. [6],28pp. Quarto. Quarter modern polished calf over linen-covered boards, spine gilt. Minor instances of light foxing at edges of first and last printed leaves. Lower corner of rear fly leaf torn. A very good copy.

An extremely rare early 19th-century Havana imprint defending the monarchy and Spanish sovereignty on the Peninsula and in the New World against Napoleon and the negative influences of other contemporary philosophies. Issued during the Peninsular War, Figuera de Vargas’ pamphlet was intended to promote the continued union of the Spanish realm in both hemispheres and to serve as a warning against the “seductive” elements of the French invasion and other pernicious influences. Due to a combination of climate and often poor paper quality, colonial-era Cuban imprints are rare. Not recorded in OCLC, RLIN, or Palau. $3500.

West Floridians Appeal to the United States

43. [Florida]: PETITION OF THE INHABITANTS OF WEST FLOR-IDA; SIGNED BY GEORGE PATTERSON, AND FOUR HUN-DRED AND TEN OTHERS. Washington City: R.C. Weightman, 1811. 7pp. Dbd. Some tearing to spine. Minor foxing. About very good.

A dramatic petition from the residents of West Florida to Congress, imploring the United States to annex their lands (recently seized from the Spanish) to Mississippi Territory rather than that of New Orleans. The petitioners argue that West Florida is far more comparable to Mississippi Territory in terms of climate, politics, and culture, and that attachment to any other region would jeopardize the “unanimity” upon which domestic peace in the United States depends. The 1810 rebellion of West Florida residents against Spanish rule (artfully engineered by Madison, who considered the region rightfully a part of Louisiana) opened the door for United States occupation under the guise of liberation. Spain, embroiled in the Napoleonic wars, was in no position to defend her interests. By March 1811 negotiations had begun under which Spain would ultimately cede the territory between the Missis-sippi and Perdido rivers to the United States.

“In 1812, immediately after the admission of the [Orleans Territory] as the State of Louisiana, the western or Baton Rouge District of West Florida was annexed

thereto by Congress. The middle or Mobile District came into the Union in 1817 and 1819 as the southernmost portions of Mississippi and Alabama” – Cohen.

Good evidence of one of the earliest Washington-born coups in U.S. diplomatic history. Not in Servies. Scarce.

COHEN 10806. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 24256. OCLC 29145713. $750.

44. [Funes, Dean]: UN HABITANTE DE ESTA CIUDAD A LOS HA-BITANTES DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOSAYRES [caption title]. [Buenos Aires: Niños Expòsitos, May 8, 1811]. [3]pp. Self-wrappers. Minor staining. Old library stamp on recto of first leaf and verso of last leaf. Very good.

A charged political pamphlet lamenting conditions in Buenos Aires, particularly the alienation of the surrounding towns from the bustling port city. The independence movement in Buenos Aires had stalled with the installation of an executive trium-virate led by Bernardino Rivadavia in 1811. Though the triumvirate’s centralist policies benefited the city, the surrounding towns were quickly marginalized. In the present pamphlet Funes (identified as the author by OCLC) does not recognize the legitimacy of the government and encourages a regime change. Such early Argentine imprints are extremely rare. OCLC locates only two copies.

Jay Kinsbruner, Independence in Spanish America (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1994),

p.59. OCLC 14769931. $600.

The West Florida Rebellion

45. [Mead, Cowles]: LETTER FROM COWLES MEAD, SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY, ENCLOSING A COP Y OF A PRESENTMENT AGAINST HARRY TOULMIN, JUDGE OF THE SUPERIOR COURT FOR THE WASHINGTON DISTRICT IN SAID TERRI-TORY, MADE BY THE GRAND JURY OF BALDWIN COUNTY. Washington: R.C. Weightman, 1811. 7pp. Dbd. Very minimal foxing. One manuscript correction in text. Very good.

A letter to Congress from the Mississippi Territory legislature, expressing their disapproval of Harry Toulmin. In 1810 insurrection broke out in West Florida, and leaders of the Tombigbee district (near present-day Mobile) sought to mobilize and occupy nearby Spanish holdings. Toulmin, previously tainted as a “tool” of James Wilkinson for skirting the prosecution of Aaron Burr, exercised the full authority of his position as superior court judge for the territory and prevented the use of force against the Spanish. Though he managed to prevent an armed conflict, his pacific actions made him extremely unpopular with his constituency, and many actively sought his removal. Toulmin survived their accusations and retained his post until 1819. Rare, OCLC locating only three copies.

SHAW & SHOEMAKER 24150. OCLC 22194579. DAB XVIII, p.602. $500.

46. [ Wilkinson, James]: MEMOIRS OF GENERAL WILKINSON. VOLUME II [all published]. Washington: Printed for the Author, 1811. [6],[3]-18,[3]-99,[1],136pp. Modern half morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Two titlepages and advertisement leaf supplied from another copy and washed. Contemporary gift inscription and ownership signature on front fly leaves. Evenly tanned. A very good copy, untrimmed.

Second issue of this very rare pre-issue of Wilkinson’s Memoirs..., with the added titlepage, “Burr’s conspiracy exposed....” Only this “Volume II” was ever issued in this format. According to the Advertisement for the book, Wilkinson was compelled to print this single volume of his Memoirs... “to meet the torrent of vilification” against him as a result of his involvement in the Burr conspiracy. “This book was issued by Wilkinson in his own vindication, and also as a reply to Daniel Clark, who had endeavored to prove that Wilkinson was corrupt, and had been concerned with Burr” – Tompkins. This is Wilkinson’s first public statement on the Burr Conspiracy, and is an entirely different book from what eventually appeared as the second volume of his Memoirs... in 1816. It is also exceedingly rare.

STREETER SALE 1700. TOMPKINS 107. SABIN 104028. HOWES W428. $4500.

47. [Argentina]: EL GOBIERNO SUPERIOR DE LAS PROVINCIAS UNIDAS DEL RIO DE LA PLATA...[caption title]. [Buenos Aires. Jan. 16, 1812]. Broadside, 11¼ x 7¼ inches. Small piece lacking from left corner of lower blank margin. Old library stamp on recto and verso. Minor dust soiling. Small repair in upper left corner, slightly affecting text. Very good.

A broadside decree by the royal government of Buenos Aires regarding the control and licensing of military arms designed to expose recondite caches of weapons. The decree came in the midst of a nine-month power struggle for control of Buenos Aires, one that was lost by the government that issued the present broadside. Such Argentine imprints are extremely rare. Not on OCLC. $600.

An Important Step to Argentine Independence

48. Monteagudo, José Bernardo de: ORACION INAUGURAL PRO-NUNCIADA EN LA APERTURA DE LA SOCIEDAD PATRIÓTI-CA LA TARDE DEL 13 DE ENERO DE 1812. AÑO TERCERO DE LA LIBERTAD DE LA AMERICA DEL SUD. Buenos Aires: En la imprenta de niños expósitos, [1812]. 16pp. In Spanish. Dbd. Staining throughout, affecting but not obscuring a few words of text on most pages. One small hole and one slightly larger hole, measuring ¾-inch x 1 inch, in terminal leaf, with loss to several words of text. Good.

The extremely rare and highly significant inaugural speech for the Argentine So-cietad Patriótica by South American revolutionary Bernardo de Monteagudo. In the May Revolution of 1810, Buenos Aires installed the first local government in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata not designated by the Spanish crown, one of the first moves toward South American sovereignty on the continent. In the five years that followed, control of the city and the wider area encompassing present-day Argentina was contested by various junta members establishing new government in the name of the Spanish king-in-exile and more radical dissidents seeking full and permanent independence from Spain. In January 1812, dissatisfied with the slow progress of the First Triumvirate of the Río de la Plata, which had assumed authority after the rule of two juntas, José de San Martin, Carlos de Alvear, and Bernardo Monteagudo formed the Societad Patriótica. Under the slogan, “Independence, Constitution, and Democracy,” the Society pushed for the swift establishment of a free, independent republic and allied its cause with other revolutionary groups throughout Spanish South America. Monteagudo’s speech inaugurating the Soci-ety begins with an exposition of Enlightenment ideas of freedom and tyranny and continues with an analysis of the history of South Americans’ relationship to Spain, and mentions recent developments in Quito and La Paz. Declaring that “there are no tyrants without slaves” and that “ignorance is the origin of all the ‘desgracias’ of man,” Monteagudo finally calls his fellow citizens to focus all their energies on independence. Largely as a result of the efforts of the Societad Patiótica, the First Triumvirate was dissolved in October 1812, replaced by the Second Triumvirate

and soon thereafter by a series of one-man Directorships. Argentina formally de-clared independence in 1814. Monteagudo supported the dictatorship of Carlos Maria de Alvear in Argentina and helped lead independence movements with San Martin and Bernardo O’Higgins in Chile and Peru. Widely viewed as a tyrant as his power increased, Monteagudo was assassinated in Lima in 1825. OCLC locates only one copy, at Brown.

ZINNY, p.71. $1250.

Early Havana Imprint

49. Solchaga, Francisco de: APOLOGIA REGULAR. ESCRITA POR F.F.S. Havana: Imprenta de D. Antonio J. Valdes, 1812. [2],26pp. Small quarto. Modern marbled paper over paste-paper boards. Titlepage slightly soiled and foxed, with old tape repair over tear (affecting a few words on verso of titlepage). Author’s name written in a later hand in ink. Remainder of text clean, with a few instances of light foxing and soiling, a few minor paper repairs. A very good copy.

An extremely rare early 19th-century Havana imprint defending the Roman Catholic Church and the Spanish state against Napoleon and the ill effects of the French invasion of Spain during the Peninsular War. Solchaga, a Spanish Capuchin priest, wrote several works between 1809 and 1820 concerning religion, politics, and the state. According to Palau, all were printed in Spain except for the Apologia Regular. Due to a combination of climate and often poor paper quality, colonial-era Cuban imprints are rare. No copies are recorded on OCLC or RLIN.

PALAU 317217. $3000.

Pressuring the Spanish in Florida

50. [Florida]: DOCUMENTS ACCOMPANYING THE MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT...OF THE FOURTEENTH INSTANT, ON THE SUBJECT OF EAST FLORIDA. JANUARY 26, 1813. PRINT-ED BY ORDER OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. Washington: Printed by Roger C. Weightman, 1813. 60pp. Stitched as issued. Titlepage and final page age-toned and dampstained. Moderate age-toning and dampstaining in text, a few minor instances of soiling. A good copy.

A very rare printing of formerly confidential documents related to a presidential message delivered by James Madison on Jan. 14, 1813, all relating to Madison’s high-handed pressures on the Spanish in Florida. Following a single-page mo-tion by Michael Leib “to print certain confidential papers,” documents concerning Spanish forces in Florida, proposed and actual military attacks on St. Augustine, and correspondence of Secretary of State James Monroe with administrators in East Florida, Georgia, and Spanish East Florida are printed. Also included are the texts

of “a report of Tuskegee Tustumugee’s conversation with the Spanish commandant of St. Marks, and description of the Indian towns of Autochewau (Alachua) and Alligator, [and]...Reports of French spoliations of American shipping (ca. 1805-1810)” – Servies. An extremely rare document, possibly produced for very limited circulation. Not in RLIN; Shaw & Shoemaker locate one copy, at LC; OCLC records only microform reproductions based on a copy at AAS.

SHAW & SHOEMAKER 30178. SERVIES 850a. $2750.

51. [Mexico]: LA REGENCIA DEL REYNO SE HA SERVIDO DIRI-GIRME EL DECRETO QU SIGUE...POR ESPACIO DE DIEZ AÑOS SERÁN EXENTOS DE TODO DERECHO LOS EFEC-TOS DE COMERCIO LIBRE NACIONAL QUE SE INTRO-DUZCAN Ó EXTRAYGAN POR EL EXPRESADO PUERTO DE GUAYMAS...[caption title]. [Madrid. April 4, 1814]. Broadsheet, 8 x 12 inches. Dbd. Light fold lines, minor edge wear and dust soiling. Very good.

An important decree affecting the economy of Arizona and Sonora. “An early regulation covering this region and valuable as recognizing Guaymas as the gateway to the commerce of the Internal Provinces of the West” – Eberstadt. Extremely rare. Not on OCLC.

EBERSTADT 160:64. $1750.

52. [Mexico]: SPANISH NORTH AMERICA [caption title]. [Edinburgh]. 1814. Colored map, 20¾ x 27½ inches. Small closed tear in upper edge, re-paired with tape on verso; small chip in lower edge. Else near fine. Archival matting, and protected with a mylar sheet.

An attractive map of Mexico, Guatemala, and what is now the southwest of the United States, made for Thomson’s New General Atlas (1817), but apparently also sold separately. The map shows all of Mexico, with the administrative provinces separately colored, and also includes Guatemala in the southeast. Spanish posses-sions in North America stretch in a wide finger well into New Mexico, and also include a large portion of Texas. New Orleans and West Florida are shown as part of the United States, and the northern part of the map is dominated by Louisiana Territory. The locations of several southwestern Indian tribes are also given. OCLC lists ten total locations for this map.

PHILLIPS, ATLASES 731. OCLC 43219617, 21805781, 9847908. $500.

53. [New Spain]: EXMÔ. SEÑOR. = POR EL MINISTERIO DE LA GOBERNACION DE LA PENÍNSULA SE ME HA PASADO EN 25 DE ESTE MES EL DECRETO SIGUIENTE....SABED: QUE LAS CÓRTES HAN DECRETADO LO QUE SIGUE...PARA RE-SOLVER LAS DUDAS QUE SE HAN PROPUESTO POR VARIAS AUTORIDADES ENCARGADAS RESPECTIVAMENTE DEL GOBIERNO ECONÓMICO-POLÍTICO DE LAS PROVINCIAS ...[caption title]. [Mexico]. 1814. [3]pp. Folio. Signed in print “Humana” with accompanying paraph (“rúbrica”), additional manuscript annotation on p.[3]. Contemporary manuscript docket inscription on verso of p.[3]. Old folds, with short holes and tears with some paper loss (not affecting text). Two small clean tears near old fold (no loss of paper or text). Moderate soiling, particularly at margins and central fold. A good copy.

A Spanish legal document published in Mexico in 1814 reprinting an order is-sued by the Córtes in Cadiz in August 1813 concerning the ayuntamientos, or city councils, in the various provinces. Details are provided regarding the membership of these councils, particularly the process of filling vacant positions. The original 1813 Cadiz decree addresses the issue of council membership both in the Iberian peninsula and in overseas holdings; this Mexican publication includes the printed date of April 1814, and the fifteenth day of that month is provided in manuscript. OCLC records a single copy, at the Bancroft Library.

OCLC 20403276. $600.

54. [Argentina]: CIRCULAR. DESDE QUE D. JOSÉ ARTIGAS VIÓ RECOMPENSADOS PRÓDIGAMENTA SUS PRIMEROS TRA-BAJOS...[caption title]. [Buenos Aires. March 30, 1815]. Broadsheet, 12

x 7½ inches. Trimmed close, occasionally affecting text. Old library stamp on recto and verso. Overall quite clean. Very good.

A lengthy broadsheet description of the activities of Banda Oriental liberator Don José Artigas, and the tenuous hold of the independence fighters over the province of Buenos Aires. Such Argentine imprints are extremely rare. Not on OCLC. $600.

55. [Argentina]: DON JUAN JOSE VIAMONT, CORONEL MAYOR DE LOS EXERCITOS DE LA PATRIA...DEL EXERCITO DE SU MANO...[caption title]. [Buenos Aires: Niños Expòsitos, 1815]. Broadside, 12½ x 7¾ inches. Moderate edge wear, evenly tanned. Very good.

A rousing once-more-into-the-breach address by Argentine military leader Juan Jose Viamont, delivered before he and his men marched to the aid of a besieged Santa Fe. Viamont claims the honor of their country is at stake and assures their victorious return. Such Argentine imprints are extremely rare. OCLC locates only two copies.

OCLC 14869484. $500.

Reading New Orleans Newspapers in Buenos Aires

56. [Buenos Aires Imprint]: NOTICIAS DE LA AMERICA SEPTEN-TRIONAL. GAZETA DE NUEVA ORLEANS. Buenos Aires: Imprenta de los Niños Expòsitos, [1815]. Broadside, approximately 12¼ x 7¾ inches. In Spanish. Light ink inscription, “Dupl.,” in upper margin. Early horizontal fold and light creasing. Small hole, not affecting text, and minor separation at fold, affecting but causing no loss to text, both repaired in silk. A very good copy.

A fascinating Buenos Aires imprint, republishing a New Orleans newspaper’s pub-lication of correspondence from Mexico during that country’s war of independence. The letters, sent from Xalapa on Nov. 5, 1814 and Vera Cruz on Jan. 14 and 15, 1815, are the work of a worried Mexican royalist lamenting the insurgents’ recent triumphs. The New Orleans journal in which they appeared was presumably the Louisiana Gazette, published in New Orleans circa 1805-26. The letters are intro-duced with a commentary noting: “never have the independents or revolutionaries appeared to have such power.” A clear message of encouragement to freedom fight-ers in Argentina, who would formally declare independence the following year, and an interesting piece of evidence for the circulation of New Orleans news in South America at an early date. Furlong and OCLC together locate ten copies. Scarce.

FURLONG 3250. $850.

Early Thoughts of an Empire Builder in Spanish America

57. Robinson, William D.: A CURSORY VIEW OF SPANISH AMERI-CA, PARTICULARLY THE NEIGHBOURING VICE-ROYALTIES OF MEXICO AND NEW-GRENADA, CHIEFLY INTENDED TO ELUCIDATE THE POLICY OF AN EARLY CONNECTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THOSE COUNTRIES. Georgetown: Richards and Mallory, 1815. 41pp. plus errata page. Dbd. Stain and chip near foredge of titlepage, barely affecting title. Uniform light tanning. About very good. In a half morocco box.

An interesting early manifestation of the principles of the Monroe Doctrine. Rob-inson advocates quick action in foiling the joint designs of England and Spain on the new territory of Louisiana, citing evidence that the British have been supplying Indians with arms and munitions in Spanish-controlled Florida. He claims that, should Spain unite with England, the last vestiges of her independent colonial power will be forfeited, and that this forfeiture would clear the way for the United States to rid herself of any remaining European authority in the New World. An aggressive argument, born out of the crisis of the invasion of Louisiana by the Brit-ish at the close of the War of 1812. Robinson would later be involved in various conspiracies in Texas and northern Mexico, including the attempt of Xavier Mina to seize Texas. Not in Servies.

SABIN 72200. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 35799. $3250.

58. Arrowsmith, Aaron, Sr.: [ATLAS TO THOMPSON’S ALCEDO; OR DICTIONARY OF AMERICA & WEST INDIES; COLLATED WITH ALL THE MOST RECENT AUTHORITIES, AND COM-POSED CHIEFLY FROM SCARCE AND ORIGINAL DOCU-MENTS, FOR THAT WORK, BY A. ARROWSMITH, HYDROG-RAPHER TO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE REGENT]. [London: George Smeeton, 1816]. Small format index leaf mounted on front pastedown (otherwise mounted on guards throughout). Five wall maps, handcolored in outline, by Aaron Arrowsmith, on nineteen double-page or folding engraved sheets, each numbered on a small early paper label pasted to the verso of each sheet (“North America” on three sheets [numbered “I”-”III”]; “United States” four sheets [“IV”-”VII”]; “Mexico” four sheets [“VIII”-”XI”]; “West Indies” two sheets [“XII”-”XIII”]; “South America” six sheets [“XIV”-”XIX”]); extra-illustrated with a contemporary pen, ink, and watercolor key map (sheet size: 17 x 16¼ inches) laid down on a larger sheet of blank wove paper, the larger sheet mounted on the front free endpaper. Large folio. Con-temporary half diced russia over marbled paper-covered boards, the borders between the leather and marbled paper on the covers marked with a decorative gilt roll, with the paper armorial book plate of the Earl of Dalhousie pasted

onto the center of the upper cover, the spine divided into seven compart-ments with semi-raised bands, the bands flanked by gilt fillets, lettered in the second and seventh compartments. Without letterpress title; various small tears to folds. Very good. Provenance: George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhou-sie (1770-1838, lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia [1816-1820], governor-in-chief of British North America [1820-1828]). [with:] Alcedo, Antonio de: THE GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES, CONTAINING AN ENTIRE TRANSLATION OF THE SPANISH WORK OF COL-ONEL DON ANTONIO DE ALCEDO...WITH LARGE ADDI-TIONS AND COMPILATIONS.... London: for James Carpenter [and others], 1812-1815. Five volumes. 3pp. preliminary list of subscribers in first volume. Quarto. Contemporary russia, covers with outer border composed from triple fillets tooled in gilt, enclosing a decorative neo-classical roll in blind, spine in six compartments with semi-raised bands, the bands highlighted with a decorative roll in blind and flanked by double fillets in blind, lettered in gilt in the second and fourth compartments, the others with repeat decoration in gilt, gilt turn-ins, marbled edges. Very good. Lacks the half titles.

The Dalhousie copy of the most important printed atlas of the Americas of its time, containing foundation wall maps of the region by the greatest British cartographer of his generation. This important copy includes contemporary manuscript additions charting Sir John Franklin’s second Arctic expedition, possibly by Franklin himself. The atlas is accompanied by a lovely first edition set of the text of Thompson’s translation and expansion of Alcedo’s classic work on the Americas.

“Aaron Arrowsmith, Hydrographer to the King of England and Geographer to the Prince of Wales, was the most influential and respected map publisher of the first quarter of the nineteenth century...His role in cartographic production was to gather the best information available from a wide variety of sources, weigh the relative merits of conflicting data, and compile from this the most accurate depiction possible of an area. Arrowsmith accomplished this synthesis better than any other commercial map maker of his day and, as a result, his maps were the most sought after and highly prized on three continents” – Martin & Martin.

Arrowsmith specialized in large multi-sheet maps. These were generally sepa-rately issued and are now very scarce. His five great wall maps of the Americas were particularly well received and became “foundation or prototype maps of the area and were extensively copied by other publishers” (Tooley). These five wall maps were of North America (first published in 1795), the United States (1796), the West Indies (1803), Mexico (1810), and South America (1810). They were generally republished many times, as new information became available. Thomas Jefferson considered the 1803 edition the best map of the continent in print at the time, and it was used extensively in planning Lewis and Clark’s expedition (1805-6). Likewise, the 1814 edition of North America (offered here) was the first map to make use of Lewis and Clark’s map of the same year, and the first to combine

Lewis and Clark and Zebulon Pike’s data onto one map. The Atlas to Thompson’s Alcedo is quite remarkable in that it contains all five

of Arrowsmith’s foundation maps for the Americas gathered together, and bound into one volume. The Atlas was intended to accompany Antonio de Alcedo’s The Geographical and Historical Dictionary of America and the West Indies...with Large Additions and Compilations (London, 1812-15, five quarto volumes), i.e. G.A. Thompson’s English translation of Alcedo’s Diccionario Geográfico-Histórico de las Indias Occidentales ó América: Es á Saber: de los Reynos del Perú, Nueva España, Tierra Firme, Chile, y Nuevo Reyno de Granada (Madrid, 1786-89).

The present atlas is an early version, with the following maps:

1) “A Map Exhibiting all the New Discoveries in the Interior Parts of North America...A. Arrowsmith...January 1st 1795 Additions to 1811 Additions to June 1814.” On three folding sheets, overall image area: 48 1/4 x 57 1/8 inches. Browned. This copy bears manuscript additions to the first sheet, in pencil, drawing on the discoveries made by Sir John Franklin in 1826 on the north coast between the mouths of the Mackenzie and Coppermine rivers, and marking the course of the Coppermine south-west towards Great Bear Lake (see below). According to Stevens and Tree, “This map was repeatedly re-issued as new discoveries came to light.” The present sixth issue is the first to include the important discoveries made by Lewis and Clark during their trans-American expedition. “This issue...remaps the entire continent west of the Mississippi. The changes between this and the last edition are monumental” – Rumsey, p.12. HECKROTTE TMC 6/87. RUMSEY 32. STEVENS & TREE 48 (f ). TOOLEY MCC 68. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI 313.

2) “A Map of the United States of America Drawn from a number of Critical Researches By A. Arrowsmith...Jan 1st 1796. Additions to 1802” [but water-marked 1811]. On four folding sheets, overall image area: 46 ¼ x 55 ½ inches. Stevens and Tree’s fifth issue: “Many new place-names and rivers added. A copy of third issue had been observed with paper watermarked 1811 [as here].” RUMSEY 3445, 4309 (both later issues). STEVENS & TREE 79(e).

3) “A New Map of Mexico and adjacent provinces compiled from original docu-ments by A. Arrowsmith...5th October 1810” [but watermarked 1811]. On four folding sheets, overall image area: 50 1/8 x 62 inches. First issue. PHIL-LIPS, p.408. RUMSEY 2032 (last issue, of ca. 1825). STREETER TEXAS 1046. (all refs)

4) “Chart of the West Indies and Spanish Dominions in North America by A. Arrowsmith...1803...Additions to 1810.” On two folding sheets, overall image area: 47 5/8 x 55 1/2 inches. Small tears at folds of first sheet.

5) “Outlines of the Physical and Political Divisions of South America: Delineated by A. Arrowsmith partly from scarce and original documents published before the year 1806 but principally from manuscript maps & surveys made between the years 1771 and 1806. Corrected from accurate astronomical observations to 1810...Published 4th January 1811...Additions to 1814.” On six folding sheets,

overall image area: 94 x 78 inches. Offsetting, small tears to folds, the fifth sheet creased. The final sheet includes a large uncolored inset of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, and the Falkland Islands.

In addition, the above maps are preceded by a contemporary manuscript key map. This was evidently professionally prepared, and may have been produced and bound-in by the Arrowsmiths in place of the usual titlepage, at the request of the owner of the atlas, the Earl of Dalhousie. Dalhousie was appointed lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia in July 1816. He arrived in Halifax in October 1816, equipped with “an intelligent and well-stocked mind, an exacting sense of duty, a readiness to command and an expectation of being obeyed...Conscientious and full of curiosity...With an appreciative eye for rugged scenery...he adopted the habit of making frequent trips to the countryside” (Peter Burroughs in Dictionary of Canadian Biography). Given this lively interest in his new domain, it is safe to assume that the present work was often consulted by the lieutenant governor. After a relatively successful period in Nova Scotia, Dalhousie was appointed governor-in-chief of North America in April 1820. His period in office (1820-28) spanned the opening burst of northwest passage explorations by the British Navy, events which the governor would have been duty-bound to follow closely.

In Montreal on Friday, August 24, 1827, one of the early heroes of Arctic Ex-ploration, Captain John Franklin, was given an audience with Dalhousie. Dalhousie recorded the meeting in detail in his journal:

“On Thursday Capt. Franklin arrived about 3pm and soon after took me aside to say, that he had brought his charts of the route of the expedition with him, & was ready to describe them whenever it might be agreeable. As it was late, we fixed on next day after breakfast and a most interesting forenoon we spent over them. He had several parts on large scale, starting from Fort William on Lake Superior, & proceeding to McKenzie’s river, Cape Anxiety and Fog island, where he was stopt & obliged to turn back. After these he shewed...his general & principal chart, which comprehends only the country explored this last year, when he started from Fort Franklin on the Great Bear Lake, S.W. corner...The charts are beautifully executed by a Mr. Kendall, a young man of whom [Franklin] speaks very highly. He went over these giving the clearest description of the relative situations of the MacKenzie & Coppermine rivers, also that of the Rocky Mountains” – Whitelaw.

The manuscript additions to the first sheet in the present atlas (“A Map Exhibit-ing all the New Discoveries in the Interior Parts of North America”) suggest that it was used during this meeting. This first sheet of the whole of North America is on a large enough scale to have allowed Franklin to put his more localized charts in context, and in three areas Franklin’s discoveries are sketched in pencil and in-scribed: “Capt Franklin 1826.” These inscriptions appear to be in Franklin’s hand. The sketched geographical features record: 1) the coast to the west of the mouth of the MacKenzie River; 2) the coast between the MacKenzie and Coppermine rivers; and 3) the approximate course of the Coppermine River southwest towards Great Bear Lake. Following the meeting Franklin continued back to Britain, ar-

riving in September 1827 to universal acclaim. He was knighted in April 1829, in recognition of his achievements.

LOWNDES I:26. SABIN 683 (“Copies are sometimes found with an atlas of...maps by Arrowsmith, but they are rare”). M. Whitelaw (editor), The Dalhousie Journals (Canada, 1982), Vol. III, pp.110-11.

MARTIN & MARTIN, p.113. $120,000.

Yankee Revolutionary in Chile: The Streeter Copy

59. Johnston, Samuel B.: LETTERS WRITTEN DURING A RESI-DENCE OF THREE YEARS IN CHILI, CONTAINING AN AC-COUNT OF THE MOST REMARKABLE EVENTS IN THE REVOLUTIONARY STRUGGLES OF THAT PROVINCE WITH AN INTERESTING ACCOUNT OF THE LOSS OF A CHILIAN SHIP, AND BRIG OF WAR, BY MUTINY, AND THE CONSE-QUENT IMPRISONMENT AND SUFFERINGS OF SEVERAL CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES, FOR SIX MONTHS, IN THE DUNGEONS OF CALLAO. Erie, Pa.: Printed and Published by R.I. Curtis, 1816. [9]-205pp. Original plain boards. Spine partially perished. Each board attached by a single cord. Scattered fox marks. Else a very good copy in original state, untrimmed, with contemporary ownership inscription of John Leymour on titlepage. In a half morocco box, spine gilt.

An extremely rare account by a Yankee revolutionary in South America, this copy owned by both Thomas W. Streeter and Frank S. Streeter, with the former’s pencil notes on the front pastedown. After briefly describing the voyage from New York to Valparaiso, the author details his involvement with the Chilean Revolution against Spain during 1812-14. While in Chile he established the first newspaper there, La Aurora. Henry Wagner relates in his memoirs how he almost bought a copy of this rarity at a Chilean auction (“...there was one [book], however, which almost made my heart stop beating...”), but he was outbid by a prominent local publisher who happened to be a good friend as well.

“...Johnston had taken part in the revolution against Spain, and in all had a most exciting time. Johnston arrived at Chile in a voyage around the Horn in the fall of 1811 and in due course travelled from Valparaiso to the capital at Santiago where J.R. Poinsett was Consul-General and the Carreras in charge of the government. There is much authentic material about the Chilean revolution” – Streeter. Not listed by Shaw & Shoemaker or Hill.

STREETER SALE 4136 (this copy). SABIN 36385. WAGNER, BULLION TO BOOKS, pp.230-

31. $9500.

60. [Texas and Florida]: MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT...RE-SPECTING A DEMAND MADE BY THE SPANISH GOVERN-MENT, FOR A SURRENDER OF PART OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. Washington. 1816. 23pp. Dbd. Very good.

Prints two letters from Onìs (and Monroe’s reply) in which he complains of expe-ditions being arranged by Robinson and Toledo against Spanish claims. Onìs also continues his objections to the American seizure of West Florida. Monroe replies that these activities are beyond the jurisdiction of the U.S., and asserts that the cession of Louisiana includes the territory as far west as the Rio Grande.

HOWES L502. STREETER TEXAS 1060. SERVIES 887. $500.

61. [Argentina]: MANIFIESTO QUE HAVE A LAS NACIONES EL CONGRESO GENERAL CONSTITUYENTE DE LAS PROVIN-CIAS-UNIDAS DEL RIO DE LA PLATA, SOBRE EL TRATA-MIENTO Y CRUELDADES QUE HAN SUFRIDO DE LOS ESPA-ÑOLES, Y MOTIVADO LA DECLARACION DE SU INDEPEN-DENCIA. Buenos Aires: Imprenta de la Independencia, 1817. 11pp., with vignette on titlepage and official coat of arms on first page of text. Quarto. Half calf and marbled boards, neatly rebacked. Two-page note regarding this publication by previous owner dated Dec. 3, 1966 on front free endpaper and front fly leaf. Contemporary ownership inscription on first page of text, partially over coat of arms. Scattered foxing. A very good copy.

A scarce manifesto issued by the Congress of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata during the latter part of the independence period in the region. The work serves as a justification for pursuing independence from Spain, with much detail regarding injurious Spanish policies in the region. Dated Oct. 25, 1817 and signed in print at the end by Dr. Pedro Ignacio de Castro y Barros, Palau notes the text was actually written by Dr. Pedro Medrano. A reply to this independence manifesto written by “un Americano del Sud” was published the following year by the Imprenta Real.

OCLC 14930003, 55265288. PALAU 148893. ZINNY 1817:24. $650.

Regulating Privateering in Newly Independent Argentina

62. [Argentina]: REGLAMENTO PROVISIONAL DE CORSO. A PROVISIONAL ORDINANCE TO REGULATE PRIVATEER-ING. [Buenos Aires. 1817]. 73pp. Mid-19th-century vellum over boards, contemporary blue paper wrappers bound in. Covers and spine moderately worn, some vellum lacking. Foxed throughout. A half dozen leaves with small tears at inner margins, not affecting text. A good copy.

An extremely rare set of ordinances, printed in parallel Spanish and English transla-tions, issued by the United Provinces of la Plata during the wars of independence against Spain. This is one of the very few early Argentinean imprints with English text. The regulations were intended to control the activities of privateers from vari-ous countries who sailed for the United Provinces “against the subjects of Ferdinand VII, and their properties.” The provisional ordinance, issued on May 15, 1817 and signed by Supreme Director of the provinces Juan Martín de Pueyrredón and

Secretary of War and the Navy Matías de Yrigoyen, consists of forty-six articles detailing legal and unlawful actions. The work includes additional bilingual sections devoted to “Penal laws extending to the officers of the Navy” and “Penal laws for the ordinary crimes of seamen & marines on board the vessels.” Extremely rare, OCLC locates a single copy at the Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. An additional copy is located at the Bancroft Library.

PALAU 255378. OCLC 55244635. $3750.

63. [Palacio Fajardo, Manuel]: OUTLINE OF THE REVOLUTION IN SPANISH AMERICA; OR AN ACCOUNT OF THE ORIGIN, PROGRESS, AND ACTUAL STATE OF THE WAR CARRIED ON BETWEEN SPAIN AND SPANISH AMERICA; CONTAIN-ING THE PRINCIPAL FACTS WHICH HAVE MARKED THE STRUGGLE. New York. 1817. 219pp. Original pink printed boards. Front hinge cracked, spine chipped. Contemporary ownership inscription on front fly leaf. Light dampstaining and foxing in text. Withal good, in original con-dition. Untrimmed.

In the early decades of the 19th century, the Spanish colonies in South America struggled to gain their independence from the Spanish Empire. This work, by Venezuelan humanist writer Manuel Palacio Fajardo, gives some background on the government of the South American colonies and relates the events of the Bolívarian revolutions in Venezuela, Argentina, Colombia, etc. This copy bears the ownership inscription of Benjamin Lincoln Lear, godson of George Washington and son of Tobias Lear, Washington’s personal secretary.

SHAW & SHOEMAKER 41720. PALAU 209084. SABIN 58265. $650.

With Original Wash Illustrations

64. Pradt, Dominique-Dufour de: DES COLONIES, ET DE LA REVO-LUTION ACTUELLE DE L’AMERIQUE. Paris. 1817. Two volumes. [4],xxxii,403,[3]; [4],394,[2]pp. plus added frontispiece portrait of the author and four manuscript illustrations. Pp.305-320 misbound after pp.321-336. Slightly later three-quarter calf, spines gilt. Extremities rubbed. Light foxing and toning. About very good.

A discussion of the politics of the revolutions in South America, including the Spanish, French, and Portuguese colonies there. Pradt wrote a number of books on European relations with the Americas. Signed by the publisher on the verso of the titlepage in the first volume, evidently as a certification for state censors. This copy is made particularly interesting by the addition of four manuscript pen and wash drawings signed “Janet,” titled as follow: “Colomb. découvre l’Amèrique,” “Colomb en chains,” “Dames Américaines,” and “Habitants de Quito.”

SABIN 64882. PALAU 235018. SERVIES 911. $850.

65. [Florida]: MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT...TRANSMIT-TING THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE DEPART-MENT OF STATE, AND THE SPANISH MINISTER, RESID-ING HERE, SHOWING THE PRESENT STATE OF THE RELA-TIONS BETWEEN THE TWO GOVERNMENTS. [bound with:] LIST OF PAPERS.... [bound with:] DOCUMENTS.... Washington. 1818. 90,83,114pp. Dbd., portion of leather spine still present. Light foxing and soiling. Two blank leaves at end partially torn. Good. Untrimmed and unopened.

Brings together a wealth of valuable correspondence between Spanish minister Louis de Onìs and American Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, mainly relating to the Floridas (regarding which the two were negotiating a settlement of long-standing issues), and ultimately the sale of Florida to the U.S., but also important with relation to Texas. Also included are supporting documents from the Spanish and American sides dating back to 1805, in which both parties give their arguments on what the boundaries of Florida, and indeed of Louisiana, should be. Streeter discusses the importance of these documents at length: “The papers included in this public document are a mine of information on the subject of the boundary between the United States and Texas and other parts of Mexico, and on the negotiations which finally led to the [Adams-Onìs] Treaty of February 22, 1819.” An important collection of documents regarding American expansion in the South and Southwest, and not always found together.

STREETER TEXAS 1064. SABIN 48075 (1st part only). EBERSTADT 162:553 (1st part only).

$500.

66. Gillespie, Alexander: GLEANINGS AND REMARKS: COLLECT-ED DURING MANY MONTHS OF RESIDENCE AT BUENOS AYRES, AND WITHIN THE UPPER COUNTRY; WITH A PREF-ATORY ACCOUNT OF THE EXPEDITION FROM ENGLAND, UNTIL THE SURRENDER OF THE COLONY OF THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, UNDER THE JOINT COMMAND OF SIR D. BAIRD, G.C.B. K.C. AND SIR HOME POPHAM, K.C.B. Leeds: Printed by B. DeWhirst for the author, 1818. [1],ii,342pp. plus one fold-ing map and one folding chart. 19th-century three-quarter roan and marbled boards, spine gilt. Spine and covers worn. Bookseller’s stamp on titlepage, occasional foxing, pencil annotations on last page of text. A good copy.

Gillespie, a major in the Royal Marines, wrote this account of the British occupation of Buenos Aires in 1806 and 1807, primarily based on his own observations and experiences. In the introduction he notes of himself that “alternately a conqueror and a captive upon the shores of La Plata, it was his lot to derive a privilege from misfortune, which had been denied for ages to the most favoured foreigner. By this inverted cause of incidents, he was not only allowed, but compelled to penetrate

many hundred miles within its interior, to have a glance at its productions, and to associate with its natives...His remarks therefore, must be confined almost within the narrow line over which he treads.” The narrative concludes with the British exit from the region and concludes with a summary of the revolution in Buenos Aires and the provinces of La Plata.

SABIN 27391. NAYLOR 32. ALBERICH 1229. $1500.

67. Hackett, James: NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION WHICH SAILED FROM ENGLAND IN 1817, TO JOIN THE SOUTH AMERICAN PATRIOTS; COMPRISING EVERY PARTICULAR CONNECTED WITH ITS FORMATION, HISTORY, AND FATE; WITH OBSERVATIONS AND AUTHENTIC INFOR-MATION ELUCIDATING THE REAL CHARACTER OF THE CONTEST, MODE OF WARFARE, STATE OF THE ARMIES, &c. London. 1818. [2],xv,[1],144pp. Half title. Contemporary half gilt calf and plain boards. Bit rubbed, corners worn. Handsome engraved armorial bookplate, occasional light foxing, else very good.

Hackett and a number of other British officers were commissioned to assist the revolutionaries in Venezuela and Colombia. While remaining sympathetic to the cause, he felt that the fight should be made “...without the sacrifice of British blood, or the compromise of British honour.” His insight into the motives of the leaders, Simón Bolívar in particular, is valuable and interesting. While going to and from the fray, he and his associates spent a considerable amount of time, in several separate visits, on the now famous resort island of St. Barts. His descriptions are among the best from St. Bart’s glory days as a free port in the early part of the 19th century.

SABIN 29476. PALAU 111933. $1500.

Important African-American Author

68. Saunders, Prince: HAYTIAN PAPERS. A COLLECTION OF THE VERY INTERESTING PROCLAMATIONS AND OTHER OF-FICIAL DOCUMENTS, TOGETHER WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF THE RISE, PROGRESS, AND PRESENT STATE OF THE KINGDOM OF HAYTI. Boston. 1818. 156pp. Original orange printed boards. Spine partially perished, boards lightly warped and soiled. Light fox-ing and toning. Contemporary inscription on fly leaf. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box, spine gilt.

The first American edition, after the first London edition of 1816, of this work by an African American author. Prince Saunders (1775-1839) attended Dartmouth and later taught for four years at Boston’s African School. In 1816 he became ad-viser to Haitian Emperor Henri Christophe, where he set up schools and promoted emigration to Haiti for American Blacks. After Christophe was overthrown (and

committed suicide) in 1821, Saunders returned to America, but he later emigrated back to Haiti to escape racial persecution. At the time of his death, Saunders was serving as attorney general of Haiti.

The fly leaf bears a presentation inscription from John James to Robert Moore, M.D., dated 1818. James was a Quaker merchant, long involved with the abolition-ist movements. In the autumn of 1818, while Saunders was in Philadelphia, James introduced him to Spanish ambassador Don Luis Onìs. Both James and Moore, also a fellow Quaker, were party to the 1783 Quaker Anti-Slavery Petition, which was submitted to the Continental Congress in the form of an Address from the Friend’s Yearly Meeting. Dr. Moore’s wife was also elected the first president of the Female Anti-Slavery Society when it was formed in 1833.

Relatively scarce on the market. ABPC shows only two copies of this edition at auction, both appearing over thirty years ago. This copy is truly lovely, in the original boards and with an interesting and important association.

SHAW & SHOEMAKER 45637. SABIN 29578. www.blackpast.org $2750.

69. [Argentina]: THE REPORTS ON THE PRESENT STATE OF THE UNITED PROVINCES OF SOUTH AMERICA; DRAWN UP BY MESSRS. RODNEY AND GRAHAM...AND AN INTRO-DUCTORY DISCOURSE, INTENDED TO PRESENT...A VIEW OF THE PRESENT STATE OF THE COUNTRY, AND OF THE PROGRESS WITH THE INDEPENDENTS. London: Printed for Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1819. viii,3-358pp. plus folding engraved map. Modern three-quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine and covers gilt. York Subscription Library stamp on verso of titlepage and p.114. A very good copy.

C.A. Rodney and John Graham were commissioners sent to Buenos Aires by the United States government to investigate the political situation and potential resources of the Rio de la Plata region. This publication includes Rodney and Graham’s reports submitted to Secretary of State John Q. Adams, related documents, and additional notes. The reports are mainly concerned with the state of political affairs, military defenses, and possible commercial interests. The additional documents, presented in a series of appendices, include a historical review of the revolutions and translations of numerous documents relevant to the independence and early constitutional periods in the region. The finely engraved and handcolored map is of South America.

SABIN 72494. $1250.

70. Bonnycastle, R.H.: SPANISH AMERICA; OR A DESCRIPTIVE, HISTORICAL, AND GEOGRAPHICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINIONS OF SPAIN IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE.... Philadelphia: Printed and Published by Abraham Small, 1819. 482pp. plus folding map and colored plate. Contemporary tree calf, leather label. Corners

a bit worn. Some light foxing on prelims. Very good, with the armorial book-plate of Daniel Webster.

First American edition, after the two-volume London edition of the previous year. Bonnycastle (1791-1848), a lieutenant colonel in the Royal Engineers, compiled this work from other primary sources, but apparently spent several years in both North and South America. He relies heavily on other authorities, especially Humboldt. Includes sections on California, Florida, New Mexico, New Spain, Spanish pos-sessions in the Caribbean, New Granada, Peru, Buenos Aires, Chile, and the like. The map shows North and South America. Bonnycastle later published several books about Canada.

SABIN 6333. $850.

Patriotic Song of Chilean Independence

71. [Chile]: CANCION PATRIOTICA QUE SE CANTA HOY 12 DEL PRESENTE EN EN SELEBRACION DEL ANIVERSARIO DE NUESTRA REGENERACION POLITICA, SACADA POR LOS PROFESORES ITALIANOS Y DEDICADA LA LETRA À S.E. EL SUPREMO DIRECTOR [caption title]. [Santiago? 1819]. Broadside, approximately 10¾ x 8 inches. In Spanish and Italian. Small numerical ink inscription following first line. Some foxing and light staining. Very good.

A curious and unrecorded imprint celebrating the anniversary of Chile’s independence with a patriotic song in Italian. The song, dedicated by a group of Italian professors to Chile’s Supreme Director Bernardo O’Higgins, is printed in parallel columns in Italian and Spanish. During the first years of independence, it was common in Chile to contract foreign professors for the teaching of various discipline – in this case, probably literature. $900.

South American Revolutions

72. Hippisley, G.: A NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE RIVERS ORINOCO AND APURE, IN SOU TH AMERICA; WHICH SAILED FROM ENGLAND IN NOVEMBER 1817, AND JOINED THE PATRIOTIC FORCES IN VENEZUELA AND CARACCAS. London. 1819. xix,[1],653,[1]pp., with additional er-rata slip tipped in. Later calf, elaborately stamped in gilt on covers and spine. Extremities very lightly rubbed. Some light scattered foxing. Very good, with bookplate of Alberto Parreño on front pastedown.

Hippisley served as a colonel in the First Venezuelan Hussars, as part of the British brigade sent to South America to assist in the war for independence in Venezuela. The account includes a description of the voyage to South America, with stops at St. Bartholomew, Grenada, St. Lucia, and other points in the Caribbean. The

appendix prints a list of the officers of the First Venezuelan Hussars, as well as other documents, orders, etc., issued by Venezuelan leaders, including Bolívar. A fascinating account of South American independence movements, Bolívar, etc., notwithstanding Sabin’s assertion that Lord Byron used the book to put himself to sleep. “An esteemed and scarce work” – Palau.

SABIN 31988. PALAU 114859. $2250.

73. Rattenbury, J. Freeman: REMARKS ON THE CESSION OF THE FLORIDAS TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AND ON THE NECESSITY OF ACQUIRING THE ISLAND OF CUBA BY GREAT BRITAIN. London. 1819. pp.[261]-280. Later marbled wrappers. Internally clean. Very good.

Self-styled expanded second edition, “printed exclusively in the Pamphleteer,” after portions originally appeared in both the Morning Chronicle (Sept. 1, 1819) and Port Folio (November 1819). An engaging discourse on political implications for Great Britain should the United States annex Florida. “On the secret acts and resolutions, 1811-1818, which initiated American intervention in Florida. [Rattenbury writes] Great Britain should oppose U.S. acquisition unless she obtains Cuba” – Servies. An interesting proposal, particularly in light of Monroe’s desire to sweep European influence out of North America. Scarce.

SERVIES 996. SABIN 67960. OCLC 1545548. $750.

74. Bierfreund, F.L.: REVOLUTIONEN I DET SPANSKE AMERIKA MED EN KORT FREMSTILLING AF DETTE LANDS OPDA-GELSE OG HISTORIE FRA DENNE TIDSPUNSKT INDTIL REVOLUTIONEN. Odense. 1820. [2],492,[5]pp. Original printed wrap-pers. Wrappers a bit soiled, worn along spine. Occasional slight worming in inner margin of leaves, not affecting text. A very good copy, untrimmed.

First and only edition of this Danish history of the revolutions which convulsed South America in the first two decades of the 19th century. The first three chapters give an overview of the initial three hundred years of Spanish domination of the continent, while the rest (and the bulk of the text) are comprised of a year-by-year history of events, beginning in 1810. Not in Palau. OCLC locates only six cop-ies. Scarce.

SABIN 5265. OCLC 13735133. $500.

75. Chesterton, George Laval: A NARRATIVE OF PROCEEDINGS IN VENEZUELA, IN SOUTH AMERICA, IN THE YEARS 1819 AND 1820; WITH GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE COUN-TRY AND PEOPLE; THE CHARACTER OF THE REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT, AND ITS LEADING MEMBERS, &c. London:

Printed for John and Arthur Arch, 1820. x,257,[1]pp. 19th-century three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Calf scuffed, corners bumped; both hinges tender, front hinge nearly detached. Internally very clean. Binding aside, a fine copy.

Chesterton was captain and judge-advocate of the British legion organized for service in Venezuela. His narrative covers the two years he resided in the country and includes descriptions of the land, inhabitants, and natural phenomena. The military and political situation is well detailed, with particular attention given to Gen. Morillo’s forces, the royalists, and the people living under their jurisdiction. Chesterton was also the author of Peace, War, and Adventure (London, 1853) and Revelations of Prison Life with an Enquiry into Prison Discipline and Secretary Pun-ishments (London, 1856).

SABIN 12550 (indicating the presence of a map not in this copy nor recorded in OCLC). NAYLOR

78. ALBERICH 1300. $1000.

76. Dauxion-Lavayasse, Jean François: A STATISTICAL ACCOUNT AND POLITICAL DESCRIPTION OF VENEZUELA, MARGAR-ITA, AND TOBAGO: CONTAINING VARIOUS ANECDOTES AND OBSERVATIONS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE PAST AND PRESENT STATE OF THESE COUNTRIES.... London. 1820. xxxix, [1],479pp. plus folding map. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, gilt-stamped spine. Neat armorial bookplate on front pastedown. In-ternally bright and clean. An excellent copy. Lacks the half title.

First London edition, after the original French edition of two volumes published in 1813, with unfavorable comments about the British removed by the British edi-tor. “The author sailed from France in 1791 at the age of 18 to visit an uncle in Guadeloupe. The latter died soon after the young man’s arrival and our writer, left without resources, fled to Trinidad upon the outbreak of revolution in the French Antilles and became a resident planter there. He subsequently departed from that island after it passed under British control, going first to the United States and later to France...Gives a splendid picture of life in Trinidad from 1792 to 1806 and contains useful commercial and production statistics” – Ragatz. The folding map depicts the northern part of South America.

SABIN 18674. RAGATZ, p.222. PALAU 13228. MAGGS 612:422. $850.

77. [Peru]: INSTRUCCIONES QUE DEBE OBSERVAR EL EJER-CITO LIBERTADOR DEL PERU [caption title]. Lima. [after 1820]. 4pp. Folio. Dbd.

Instructions from the minister plenipotentiary of Chile to the army of liberation of Peru. Reprinted, possibly for a collection of documents relating to the Peruvian independence movement. $750.

The Eve of Peruvian Independence

78. [Peru]: MANIFIESTO DE LAS SESIONES TENIDAS EN EL PUEBLO DE MIRAFLORES PARA LAS TRANSACIONES IN-TENTADAS CON EL GENERAL SAN MARTIN Y DOCUMEN-TOS PRESENTADOS POR PARTE DE LOS COMISIONADOS EN ELLAS. SE PUBLICAN DE ORDEN DE ESTE GOBIERNO. Lima: Casa de Ninos Expositos, 1820. 8,[25]pp. Folio. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Some minor scattered foxing. Very good.

Manifesto published on the eve of Peruvian independence. San Martin invaded Peru in September of 1820; negotiations between San Martin and Viceroy Pezuela took place shortly thereafter, at Miraflores. These proved fruitless, however, since San Martin would only cooperate if Peru was declared an independent state, which the Viceroy refused to do. Pezuela was deposed in January of 1821, and San Martin officially declared Peruvian independence on July 28, 1821. Two copies in OCLC, at the National Library of Chile and at Duke University.

MEDINA (LIMA) 3436. PALAU 148928. OCLC 55280051, 55974863. $2250.

79. Robinson, William D.: MEMOIRS OF THE MEXICAN REVOLU-TION: INCLUDING A NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION OF GENERAL XAVIER MINA.... Philadelphia. 1820. xxxvi,396pp. Original boards, paper label. Spine rather chipped, with silk reinforcement. Very oc-casional fox mark. Overall a good plus copy in original state, untrimmed. In a cloth case, leather label.

Robinson was a colorful figure during the late colonial and Independence eras. A native of Philadelphia, he was a merchant who travelled throughout northern Latin America as a tobacco buyer, getting into trouble just about every place he went. He actively participated in the Mexican Wars of Independence on the side of the insurgents, and was captured and imprisoned several times. His narrative is included in Streeter’s Texas bibliography because of the contemporary account of Gen. Mina’s expedition from Galveston Island to Soto la Marina, and their subsequent march into Mexico. This is a fine eyewitness account. “Chief contemporary authority on the audacious filibustering expedition against Mexico under Mina, launched with a handful of men through Texas in 1817” – Howes.

STREETER TEXAS 1080. SABIN 72202. HOWES R380. RAINES, p.176. $500.

San Martin Exhorts Chile

80. [San Martín, José de]: PROCLAMA A LOS HABITANTES DEL ESTADO DE CHILE. COMPATRIOTAS: AL FIN SE ACERCA EL DIA TAN SUSPIRADO POR VOSOTROS, COMO POR NUESTROS HERMANOS DEL PERÚ...[caption title]. [Santiago.

1820]. Broadside, approximately 11½ x 7½ inches. In Spanish. Printed on light blue paper. Early folds. Ownership ink stamp between third and fourth lines of text, small numerical ink inscription in upper right corner. A few small holes, affecting only a few characters of text; chipping in upper right and lower left corners, with loss to six characters of text in the latter. White paper affixed to verso reinforcing two folds and areas of loss. Very light staining. A good copy.

A stirring proclamation by South American liberator José de San Martín to the people of Chile shortly before his departure from that country for Peru. In 1820, two years after Chile declared and effectively won its independence from Spain, San Martín assembled a Pacific fleet to sail from Chile to Peru and aid in the struggle for independence there. The Chilean Navy’s fleet of eight warships and sixteen transport ships set sail from Valparaíso on Aug. 20 and at Paracas, Peru on Sept. 7. San Martín’s forces immediately attacked and seized the city of Pisco, beginning a long campaign of battle and diplomacy that helped lead to Peru’s full liberation in 1824. The present broadside is signed in print by San Martín in Santiago, June 17, 1820. As he prepares for the journey to Peru, he calls on Chileans to keep peace and order during his absence and encourages patience with the young government. He concludes with a powerful declaration of the importance of the final stage of South America’s fight for independence:

Compatriots! I am going to open the most memorable campaign of our revolution: on it hangs the consolidation of our destinies, the hopes of this vast continent, the fate of our families, the fortune of our friends, in short the sacred thing that is our honor. Entrusted in the justice of our cause, and under the protection of the Supreme Being, I promise you victory, and I do not doubt that she will crown...the perseverance of the brave ones who accompany me.

A rare and powerful document. OCLC locates only one copy, at the John Carter Brown Library. $3000.

81. [Spanish Spoliations]: MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT...COMMUNICATING TRANSLATIONS OF LETTERS FROM THE MINISTER OF SPAIN TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE. [bound with:] MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT...TRANS-MITTING A REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE ON THE SUBJECT OF CLAIMS OF CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES FOR SPANISH SPOLIATIONS UPON THEIR PROP-ERTY AND COMMERCE. Washington. 1820. 8; 4pp. plus twenty-seven folding tables. Modern half morocco and marbled boards. Some occasional foxing. Overall crisp and very good. Untrimmed.

The first report includes communications of the Spanish minister, General Vives, regarding the revolting Spanish American colonies, possible Spanish session of

Florida, and other subjects. The second work consists of twenty-seven folding plates listing the names of American-owned vessels and other property claimed as Spanish spoliations.

SERVIES 1048. $350.

82. Wilcocke, Samuel Hull: HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BUENOS AYRES; CONTAINING THE MOST ACCURATE DETAILS RELATIVE TO THE TOPOGRAPHY, HISTORY, COMMERCE, POPULATION, GOVERNMENT, &c, &c OF THAT IMPORTANT STATE. London: Printed for Sherwood [et al], 1820. [4],576pp. plus four plates (two handcolored), one plan, and one folding map. Original publisher’s plum moire cloth, neatly rebacked with origi-nal backstrip laid down, leather label stamped in gilt. Color faded on spine and portion of front cover, front and rear covers slightly abraded. Minimal soiling and foxing in text and on plates and maps. A very good copy.

A reissue of the author’s History of the Viceroyalty of Buenos Ayres, published in London in 1807, only differing from the original in the inserted cancel title. The preface, the plan, the map, and one of the plates are all dated 1806. As noted on the titlepage, the book is a compilation of geographical, historical, commercial, political, and social information related to the Viceroyalty of Buenos Aires. When deemed to be of particular interest, the author also included similar information for Brazil, Peru, and Chile.

SABIN 103962. ALBERICH 1259 (noting this reissue as a 2nd edition). $1750.

Betrayed by Bolivar

83. De la Torre, Miguel: MANIFIESTO QUE PARA SATISFACER AL MUNDO ENTERO DE LA CONDUCTA FRANCA Y EXCESI-VAMENTE GENEROSA TENIDA POR EL GOBIERNO ESPA-ÑOL CON EL GEFE DE LOS DISIDENTES DE VENEZUELA. Madrid: Imprenta de Espinosa, 1821. [2],51-89pp. Modern antique-style tree calf, spine gilt, gilt morocco label, raised bands. Marginal hole in titlepage, with early paper repair, not affecting text. Minor worming in gutter of last several leaves, causing separation of terminal two leaves and free endpaper from binding. Very good.

A manifesto by General Don Miguel de la Torre, commander of the Spanish forces in Venezuela, declaring the honorable nature of the Spanish government’s conduct toward Simón Bolívar during the 1820-21 armistice and expressing shock at Bolívar’s breaking of the armistice treaty in March 1821. In 1820, in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars and in the midst of the South American Wars of Independence led by Simón Bolívar, Spanish liberals forced King Ferdinand the VII to accept the Constitution of 1812, which Ferdinand had repudiated shortly after his resto-ration to the throne in 1814. Under royal mandate Spanish commander General

Pablo Morillo put the Constitution into force in the South American colonies in the summer of 1820, declared a “junta pacificadora,” and began negotiating with Bolívar. On November 25, 1820, Bolívar and Morillo met and signed two treaties, one declaring a six-month suspension of hostilities, the other establishing regula-tions of war. By his own request, Morillo was recalled to Spain in December, and his authority was transferred to Miguel de la Torre. Less than four months after the signing of the armistice, Bolívar wrote to Torre informing him that he would recommence military action at the expiration of thirty days.

In the present volume Torre reproduces and comments extensively on correspon-dence between Bolívar, Morillo, and himself from December 11, 1820 to March 23, 1821. He includes Bolívar’s March 10 letter informing Torre of his plans to break the armistice and writes in horror at its unexpectedness, “incoheren[ce],” and disastrous implications for the Spanish army – “never,” he laments, “were reason and good faith so distant” (p.84). By the time the text was printed in Madrid, it is likely that Bolívar had already advanced on Torre in Carabobo, routing the outnumbered Spanish forces with the help of the British Legion on June 24 and effectively winning the war for control of Venezuela.

Palau notes that this is the second part of a larger work, Manifiestos de la Corrspon-dencia que Ha Mediado Entre los Generales... (Palau 335518), but was issued with a separate titlepage, which is present here. Neither this title nor Manifiestos... is located by OCLC. Very rare, and an important record of diplomatic relations be-tween Spain and Simón Bolívar, including significant details about Bolívar often lost to popular history.

PALAU 335517. $2250.

The Official Printingof the Mexican Declaration of Independence

84. [Mexico – Declaration of Independence]: LA REGENCIA DEL IMPERIO SE HA SERVIDO DIRIGIRME EL DECRETO QUE SIGUE...ACTA DE INDEPENDENCIA DEL IMPERIO [caption title]. Mexico. October [10], 1821. [4]pp. on a folded folio sheet. Old light stain along the fold. Very good. In a half morocco box.

This is the very rare official printing of the Mexican Declaration of Independence, which was promulgated on September 28, 1821 and printed in Mexico City just a week later. This declaration formally ended three hundred years of Spanish colo-nial rule, and was an important step forward in the Latin American independence movements. In its themes and language, the Mexican Declaration of Independence echoes the American Declaration proclaimed forty-five years earlier. This docu-ment is signed in manuscript at the end by Jose Manuel Herrera, the “Secretary of Relations” for the new Mexican government, beside his printed signature. The date “October 8, 1821” is printed in type in the final full paragraph of text, and

at the end of the document “October 1821” is printed in type, with the day “10” completed in manuscript.

By 1821 the struggle for Mexican independence from Spain had been underway for over a decade. Throughout the 1810s various revolutionary factions fought against Spanish forces in a disunited movement. In early 1821, Agustin de Iturbide, a conservative, aristocratic army officer who had fought the revolutionaries on behalf of the Spanish crown, decided to form an alliance with one of the revolutionary leaders, Vicente Guerrero. The two agreed on the “Plan of Iguala” under which an independent Mexico would be a constitutional monarchy, Roman Catholicism would be preserved as the official state religion, and there would be racial equality.

On August 24, 1821, Iturbide and representatives of the Spanish crown signed a treaty at Cordoba recognizing Mexican independence along the lines of the Plan of Iguala. Iturbide would eventually be crowned emperor of Mexico.

Iturbide and his victorious army entered Mexico City on September 27, 1821 (his thirty-eighth birthday). The next day the thirty-eight men who would serve as the ruling Junta of Mexico assembled and asked Iturbide to be their president. The group signed the “Act of Independence of the Mexican Empire,” which is officially printed in this document. “The sovereignty which Spain had exercised over the Mexican Viceroyalty thus virtually came to an end on September 28, 1821” – Robertson. In the declaration, the new rulers state that the Mexican nation, “which for 300 years has not had its own will, nor a free use of its voice, is leaving today the oppression under which it has lived” (our translation from the Spanish). The language of the document is reminiscent of the American Declaration of In-dependence, stating that (in translation) “this part of the northern hemisphere was returned to the exercise of the various rights which were given by the Author of Nature and recognize as inalienable and sacred the civilized nations of the earth, in all liberty to constitute in the way most convenient to its happiness, and with representatives who can manifest their will and their plans, starting to use those so precious gifts, and declare solemnly by means of the Supreme Junta of the Empire, that it is a sovereign nation and independent from the Old Spain.” The Junta goes to on to state its desire to have friendly relations with Spain and other nations, and that it will respect the tenets of the Plant of Iguala and the Treaty of Cordoba. On October 8th President Iturbide and his cohorts authorized that the Declaration be printed and circulated to all civil, military, and ecclesiastical authorities. This copy appears to have been sent to Oaxaca, as there is contemporary ink docketing at the bottom of the final page that reads: “Inte. Oajaca.” This copy is dated in manuscript October 10, 1821 and is signed by Jose Manuel Herrera, the “Secretary of Relations” (i.e. the Foreign Minister).

OCLC locates only two copies, at Yale and the University of California at San Diego. The Sutro Library apparently has a copy as well, though it is not listed in their catalogue of Mexican pamphlets. Rare and terribly important in the political history of Mexico.

OCLC 35649740. William Spence Robertson, Iturbide of Mexico (New York, 1968), pp.51-145.

$37,500.

85. O’Higgins, Bernardo: EL DIRECTOR SUPREMO DE LA REPÚBLICA DE CHILE. ATIENDO A LOS MERITOS Y SER-VICIOS DE [DN. JOSÉ ANDRES DROGUETE;...] [caption title]. [Santiago, Chile. nd, but ca. 1821]. Broadside printed form, 12 x 8 inches. Accomplished in manuscript, signed by O’Higgins and his secretary, with paper seal attached. Additional contemporary manuscript inscriptions at top and bottom of page and on blank verso. A few minor instances of soiling. A very good copy.

An extremely rare printed form, signed by Bernardo O’Higgins and accomplished in manuscript. The document confers the rank and privileges of subteniente, or second lieutenant, on José Andres Droguete, an officer in the first company of the seventh battalion of the National Guard Infantry in the city of Talca, Chile. The official form is signed by O’Higgins, the ruler of Chile from its independence from Spain in 1818 until 1823, and has attached its original official paper seal. Such printed forms are notoriously rare. OCLC records a single copy, at the Biblioteca Nacional de Chile, referring to the advancement of another military figure, also signed by O’Higgins and with a government seal attached.

OCLC 55299549 (ref ). $850.

86. Onìs, Luis de: MEMOIR UPON THE NEGOTIATIONS BE-TWEEN SPAIN AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, WHICH LED TO THE TREATY OF 1819. WITH A STATISTI-CAL NOTICE OF THAT COUNTRY. ACCOMPANIED WITH AN APPENDIX, CONTAINING IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS FOR THE BETTER ILLUSTRATION OF THE SUBJECT. Bal-timore: Published by Fielding Lucas, 1821. 152pp. Half title. Original plain paper boards. Boards rubbed and worn, especially at spine ends. Front hinge a bit weak. Internally clean. Very good.

One of two American editions (also published in Washington the same year) of a document of central importance in the history of Florida, Texas, and the West, this report details the negotiations between Onìs, the Spanish minister in Washington, and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, concerning mutual claims to Florida and the boundary of Louisiana. The original Spanish edition was published in Madrid in 1820 and is quite rare. The discussions culminated in the Adams-Onìs Treaty of 1819 in which the United States relinquished its claim to Texas in exchange for control of Florida, and the Louisiana Purchase was understood to include the Pacific Northwest. The Treaty was a diplomatic triumph for American Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, and little more than a concession of reality from a weak Spain on the verge of losing all of its American empire. Spain did, however, retain Texas, and absolved itself of millions of dollars of financial claims. In this volume Onìs describes his side of the negotiations, explaining what motivated him to give the concessions that he did. William Goetzmann aptly states that this treaty “made America a transcontinental nation,” and the great Samuel Flagg Bemis called it “the greatest diplomatic victory ever won by an American Secretary of State.” The negotiations recorded herein were translated by Tobias Watkins and simultaneously published in Washington and Baltimore. An exceedingly rare second volume of documents (not present here) was issued, but Watkins did not have access to it and it is not translated here. Scarce.

STREETER TEXAS 1079b. SABIN 57356. HOWES O98, “aa.” SERVIES 1097. BEMIS, GUIDE TO THE DIPLOMATIC HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES 991 (note). AMERICAN IM-

PRINTS 6348. $2500.

87. [Argentina]: EL CENTINELA. PERIÓDICO SEMANAL PARA EL AÑO DE 1822. Tomo Primero. Buenos Aires: Imprenta de los Expósitos, 1822. [5],397pp. Nos. 1-23 plus supplement to No. 22, paged continuously. Quarto. Contemporary three-quarter sheep and marbled boards, spine gilt. Outer joints and corners worn. A few pencil annotations. Occasional minor foxing. A very good copy.

An extremely rare copy of the complete first volume of the most important Argen-tinean periodical of the early independence period. Edited by Florencio Varela, Juan Cruz Varela, and Ignacio Núñez, the issues include news, miscellaneous notices, and short literary pieces in verse and in prose. El Centinela was published weekly,

and then biweekly, in 1822 and 1823. The two years of the periodical consist of seventy-two numbers and three supplements. This first volume is complete with twenty-three numbers and one supplement. Extremely rare. RLIN records one complete copy, with the supplements, at the JCB; OCLC adds NYPL for the two volumes for the two years.

PALAU 51467. OCLC 50151967. $2500.

Early History of Arizona and New Mexico

88. [Arizona and New Mexico]: [Riezgo, Juan Miguel, et al]: MEMORIA SOBRE LAS PROPORCIONES NATURALES DE LAS PROVIN-CIAS INTERNAS OCCIDENTALES, CAUSAS DE QUE HAN PROVENIDO SUS ATRASOS, PROVIDENCIAS TOMADAS CON EL FIN DE LOGRAR SU REMEDIO, Y LAS QUE POR AHORA SE CONSIDERAN OPORTUNAS PARA MEJORAR SU ESTADO, E IR PROPORCIONANDO SU FUTURA FELICIDAD. [Mexico City]: D. José Maria Ramos Palomera, 1822. 62pp. Small quarto. Modern speckled calf, red gilt morocco label. Old ink stain on titlepage, not affecting text; two small worm holes, each about typeface size throughout. Else near fine.

On April 11, 1822 the last Spanish flag flying in Mexican territory was removed from the plaza at Monterey. Iturbide’s declaration of independence, and the subse-quent bloodless transfer of power, left the new government in Mexico in dire need of information regarding the various regions of the new nation. The present book, submitted to the administrative authorities in Mexico City on July 1, 1822, only two months after independence, attempts to communicate such information as was needed to govern the western provinces, most notably Sonora and New Mexico. It contains far-reaching recommendations on how to administer the region politically, militarily, and economically. The report begins with a description of the provinces and their capitals, including Santa Fe. The essential recommendation is for greater local control over the regions. Riezgo proposes that the military chiefs live within the provinces under their jurisdiction, and that they have wide discretionary powers within the limits of the constitution. Locations for regional governmental centers are suggested, and recommendations are made for increased military fortifications. Riezgo discusses the trade between Santa Fe and St. Louis, recommends that New Mexico be exempt from taxes on trade for a period of five years, and assesses the threat to trade posed by Comanche raids. He also makes suggestions concerning the role of the clergy in the region, and reforms in the educational system.

“An extremely rare work in full description of the regions at the time of Indepen-dence, with much on the natural resources, settlements, Indians, future possibilities, etc.” – Eberstadt. We cannot trace another copy of this work in the marketplace. It contains more detailed information than the more famous accounts of Pino and Escuerdo, one published a decade before, the other published a decade after, this

work. Neither Thomas W. Streeter nor Everett D. Graff were able to secure a copy of this report.

A wide-ranging early Mexican administrative report, and an exceptional south-western rarity.

EBERSTADT 138:514. HOWES R287, “b.” $15,000.

89. [Colombia]: CONSTITUTION DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE DE CO-LOMBIA. [Paris]: de l’imprimerie de Moreau, 1822. [4],iv,175,[1]pp. An-tique-style tree calf, spine gilt, gilt morocco label. Binding slightly rubbed. Occasional minor soiling. A fine copy.

The first Paris edition of the constitution of the republic of Gran Colombia, follow-ing the first Spanish edition printed in Caracas the same year. In 1822, French and Dutch editions were also published in Philadelphia and Amsterdam, respectively. The formation of the new republic, which included Venezuela, New Granada, and Quito, was followed with much interest abroad, and the new government also wished to secure international support. This French edition includes a letter by the republic’s envoy to foreign governments requesting diplomatic recognition. A message from President James Monroe to Congress regarding the new republic and dated March 8, 1822 is also included.

SABIN 14574. OCLC 20375281. $1000.

90. [Mexico]: INDICACION DEL ORIGEN DE LOS EXTRAVIOS DEL CONGRESO MEXICANO, QUE HAN MOTIVADO SU DISOLUCION. PUBLICASE DE ORDEN DEL GOBIERNO. Mexico. 1822. 16pp. Dbd. Very good.

An important post-independence political tract deriding the defunct Congress for exciting unnecessary political turbulence upon Mexico’s independence. Calls on all Mexicans to rest peacefully under the wing of the Emperor and offers encouraging words to the “virtuous Spaniards” living in Mexico, that they need not fear the new imperial government. $300.

91. [Mexico]: LA REGENCIA DEL IMPERIO SE HA SERVIDO DI-RIGIRME EL DECRETO QUE SIGUE...Á TODOS LOS QUE LAS PRESENTES VIEREN Y ENTENDIEREN, SABED: QUE LA SOBERANA JUNTA PROVISIONAL GUBERNATIVE HA DECRETADO LO SIGUIENTE...QUE EN 12 DE CORRIENTE, HIZO LA CIUDAD DE QUERÉTARO...RELATIVA Á QUE SE DUPLIQUE EL NÚMERO DE ALCALDES CONSTITUCIONA-LES; LO QUE DISPUSO SOBRE ESTE MISMO ASUNTO, EN CUANTO Á ESTA CAPITAL, Y LA CIUDAD DE PUEBLA, Y LO QUE POR LA DE GUADALAJARA...[caption title]. [Mexico]. 1822.

[3]pp. Folio. Contemporary ink inscriptions on first and third pages, later pencil inscriptions on blank fourth page. Old folds, browning with slight loss of paper at folds, soiled, dampstained (affecting portion of manuscript annota-tion on p.[3], edges worn. A fair copy.

A decree issued in the second year of independence by the Mexican provisional government stipulating increases in the number of Alcaldes Constitucionales for the cities of Querétaro, Puebla, Guadalajara, and the capital, Mexico City. Good ephemeral evidence documenting the newly independent Latin American coun-try’s concern with the mechanics and logistics of government. Not on OCLC or RLIN. $650.

Forming the Mexican Constitution

92. [Mexican Constitution]: ACTA CONSTITUCIONAL PRESEN-TADA AL SOBERANO CONGRESO CONSTITUYENTE POR SU COMISION EL DIA 20 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1823. Mexico: Imprenta del Supremo Gobierno en Palacio, [1823]. [2],vi,8pp. Folio. Self-wrappers. A clean, fresh copy. Near fine.

An important report issued by the commission that was established to draw up a new constitution for the then infant Republic of Mexico. It is the first important project to be presented by the commission, and is therefore of great significance for the history of Mexico and the parts of the United States which at the time were part of Mexico. The states of “the two Californias,” New Mexico and Texas, are listed as part of the federation. $2250.

93. [Molinos del Campo, Francisco]: FRANCISCO MOLINOS DEL CAMPO, GEFE SUPERIOR POLITICO INTERINO DE ESTA CIUDAD Y SU PROVINCIA. Mexico. July 24, 1823. Broadside, 12 x 16¾ inches. Docketed on verso with seals. Signed with flourish of Francisco Mo-linos del Campo and Fernando Navarro. Old fold marks. Overall very good.

An important broadside, one of the first publications of the separation of the prov-inces of Sonora and Sinaloa in 1823. An impressive and important document in the history of the Mexican provinces, which at the time encompassed much of the present southwestern United States. One of the provisions of the declaration calls for the Bishop of Durango to place interim vicars in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and in El Paso del Norte. Another provision announces that the Province of Nueva Vizcaya is to be divided into two parts: Durango and Chihuahua. $1250.

94. [Peru]: IMPUGNACION AL ARTICULO INSERTO CONTRA EL FUNDADOR DE LA LIBERTAD DEL PERU, Y LOS JEFES DE SU EJERCITO EN EL NUMERO 5 DE LA ABEJA REPUB-

LICANA. Lima: Imprenta de D. Jose Masias, 1823. [4],20pp. Folio. Dbd. Very minor foxing and soiling. Very good.

Pamphlet written and dedicated to “Los Amigos de la Libertad,” two years after Peruvian independence. Organization of the country proved exceedingly difficult, due to various factors within Peruvian society, and the early years of independence were tumultuous. Two copies on OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library and the National Library of Chile.

MEDINA (LIMA) 3729. PALAU 118613. OCLC 55259629. $1250.

95. [Peru]: MANIFIESTO IMPARCIAL DE LOS ACONTECIMIEN-TOS DE LA CAPITAL DEL PERU DESDE SALIDA DEL EJER-CITO EXPEDICIONARIO PARA LOS PUERTOS INTERME-DIOS HASTA FIN DE MARZO DEL PRESENTE ANO [caption title]. Lima: Imprenta de Masias, 1823. 5,8,[2]pp. Folio. Dbd. Minor foxing. Contemporary ink markings. Very good.

Pamphlet written two years after Peruvian independence. Organization of the country proved exceedingly difficult, due to various factors within Peruvian society, and the early years of independence were tumultuous. Two copies on OCLC, at Harvard and University of North Carolina.

MEDINA (LIMA) 3731. OCLC 53074542. $1250.

Smuggling Arms to Rebels in Spanish America

96. [Spanish American Independence]: TESTIMONIO DE LOS AU-TOS SOBRE EL APRESAMIENTO DE LA CORBETA ANGLO-AMERICANA BUDGET SU CAPN. MR. JUAN MEANY, POR EL CORSARIO ESPANOL NOMBRADO CORA (A) BUENOS AMI-GOS DEL CARGO DE SU CAPN. DR. JUAN ESIFA. [Puerto Rico. 1823]. [129]pp. manuscript in Spanish on official stationery. Gathered sheets, 8½ x 13 inches, string-tied. Some edge wear, especially to exterior sheets, but no loss of text. Very good. In a cloth chemise and slipcase.

Manuscript of a legal case in Puerto Rico involving the American commercial vessel, Budget, captured in late 1822 by the Spanish privateer, Cora. It would appear that the Budget was engaged in smuggling arms to rebels in South America. At this point Bolívar’s campaigns of 1820-21 had destroyed Spanish power in neighboring Venezuela and Colombia, and Spanish authority was rapidly crumbling in the rest of its continental possessions. Only the Greater Antilles remained firmly under Spanish control. Testimony is given by John Meany, captain of the Budget, and by members of his crew; and by Juan Esifa, in command of the Cora. Written in the margins throughout are contemporary notes in English explaining the contents and the proceedings of the trial. Handwritten on printed Spanish forms, this document also provides a detailed inventory of the cargo that the Budget was transporting from

London to Guyana, including cannons, cannonballs, gun powder, rope, and boxes of rifles. Various letters, bills of lading, and other items of evidence are transcribed, including letters from several London merchants in support of Captain Meany, and evidence supporting the Spanish view that the ship’s cargo was contraband.

A fascinating and detailed account of a legal procedure involving contraband seized at sea, and as such primary evidence of the law of the sea as it was develop-ing in the post-Napoleonic war era. Also of great interest in documenting the final collapse of Spanish authority in the New World. $8500.

97. Vidaurre, Manuel Lorenzo de: PLAN DEL PERU, DEFECTOS DEL GOBIERNO ESPANOL ANTIGUO, NECESARIAS REFORMAS. OBRA ESCRITA POR EL CIUDADANO MANUEL DE VIDAU-RRE, A PRINCIPIOS DEL ANO DE 10 EN CADIZ, Y HOY AU-MENTADA CON INTERESANTES NOTAS...SE DEDICA AL EXMO. SENOR DON SIMON BOLIVAR, DESDE PHILADEL-PHIA.... Philadelphia. 1823. 225,[5]pp. Modern half morocco and marbled boards. Moderate foxing. A very good copy.

The rare Philadelphia printing of this important call for republican reforms in Peru. Vidaurre began writing in support of South American independence while holding an official post in Spain, but upon being persecuted for his radical ideas he fled to the United States, where he published this book. Herein he attacks the Spanish political system of viceroys, curates, and bosses, and calls for liberal republican reforms. He passionately attacks slavery and dedicates this volume to the Great Liberator, Simón Bolívar. In 1824, Bolívar appointed Vidaurre first president of the supreme court of Trujillo, and afterwards Vidaurre served in a variety of diplomatic posts. Appleton’s cites a Paris printing of 1822.

SABIN 99491. PALAU 364106. Appleton’s Cyclopædia VI, p.289. $1250.

98. [Argentina]: LA LIRA ARGENTINA, Ó COLECCION DE LAS PIEZAS POÉTICAS, DADAS A LUZ EN BUENOS-AYRES DU-RANTE LA GUERRA DE SU INDEPENDENCIA. Buenos Aires. 1824. [4],515pp. plus folding plate of engraved music. Four-page index mis-bound between half title and titlepage. Contemporary Argentinean calf, boards and spine gilt. Binding slightly rubbed, corners bumped and worn. Some cor-rosion in upper blank margins at beginning and end of text due to oxidation of old stain, not affecting text. Margins of text lightly dampstained. Folding plate has small dampstains, a few small clean tears along folds with no loss. Rear free endpaper detached but present. Still, a very good copy.

The scarce first edition of the first anthology of Argentinean poetry, a fundamental work for the study of Argentinean literature in the early independence era. Bound in Argentina in full gilt-stamped calf, the work is complete with the folding plate of engraved music and words for the “Cancion Patriotica.” In a preface dated May 25,

1823, the anonymous editor writes that the poetic pieces and simple verse produced in Buenos Aires during the War of Independence were compiled and published by the desire to rescue the works of the warriors and patriots from oblivion. The anthology contains numerous types of verse including songs, cantos, odes, hymns, marches, inscriptions, “cielitos,” “octavas,” “decimas,” “letrillas,” and sonnets.

A scarce copy of this foundation work for Argentinean literature, in a contem-porary, finely gilt Argentinean binding. OCLC records three copies in the United States plus Oxford and the National Library of Chile.

PALAU 138683. SABIN 41409. OCLC 23181793, 54270578. $2500.

99. Bullock, William: SIX MONTHS’ RESIDENCE AND TRAVELS IN MEXICO; CONTAINING REMARKS ON THE PRESENT STATE OF NEW SPAIN.... London. 1824. xii,532pp. plus fifteen plates (four colored), two folding maps, and folding table. Folding frontis. Modern half morocco and paper covered boards, morocco label, gilt. Slight offsetting on maps and plates, but generally a clean, very good copy.

Sabin states that Bullock was “the first English traveller in Mexico since Father Gage in 1640.” He arrived there in 1823, landing at Veracruz, ascended to Mexico City, and spent most of his visit in the city or its immediate surroundings in the valley of Mexico. The text details much of contemporary Mexican life, while the fine plates, based on Bullock’s own drawings, show natives and landscapes. Par-ticularly striking is the panoramic view of the valley of Mexico, which serves as a folding frontispiece. The two folding maps show the city of Mexico as it was when Bullock visited it, and ancient Mexico City. The attractive colored plates show Mexican dress.

SABIN 9140. ABBEY 666. $1250.

First Constitution of Mexico

100. [Constitutions]: CONSTITUCION FEDERAL DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS, SANCIONADA POR EL CONGRESO GENERAL CONSTITUYENTE, EL 4 DE OCTUBRE DE 1824. Mexico. [1824]. [4],xviii,62,[3],iii,[2],12pp. plus plate. 16mo. Contemporary Mexican calf, spine gilt. Small worm hole in several leaves (including titlepage and plate), repaired by tissue. Overall very good.

This is the first constitution of Mexico as a sovereign state, and the constitution under which the colonization of Texas by Americans took place. “The first con-stitution for the Mexican Republic under which operated our present southwestern states, from Texas to California” – Howes. It is bound with the Acta Constitutiva de la Federacion Mexicana (as usual), which established the provisional government and the federal system. The attractive plate, by Jose Mariano Torreblanca, depicts the Mexican coat of arms above a cactus, with the name of each Mexican state written on the leaves. Scarce.

HOWES E197. PALAU 59642. SABIN 48379. STREETER TEXAS 1086 (ref ). STREETER SALE

211. $6500.

101. [Hankshaw, John, or Francis Hall]: LETTERS WRITTEN FROM COLOMBIA, DURING A JOURNEY FROM CARACAS TO BO-GOTA, AND THENCE TO SANTA MARTHA, IN 1823. London: G. Cowie, 1824. xvi,208pp. plus one folding map. 20th-century tan buckram, spine gilt, with a wax seal presumably covering a library call number. Book-plate removed from front pastedown. Light scattered foxing. A good, solid copy.

Published anonymously but attributed by the British Museum to John Hankshaw, while The Economic Literature of Latin America, Palau, and OCLC assign authorship to Francis Hall. This record of a journey was published, according to the anony-mous author, due to the desire “so universally felt in Great Britain of information as to the actual condition of the Republic of Colombia. The more that rich and beautiful country becomes known, the greater will be the interest excited towards

it among all Europeans. So extensive a field for the exercise of European industry and intelligence has not for ages presented itself.”

A travel journal composed in the form of letters, the author describes the land-scape, the inhabitants, the climate and soil, natural resources, commodities, gov-ernment, and the possibilities for commerce. The highly detailed map of Greater Colombia is “taken from Humboldt and various other recent authorities.”

ALBERICH 1336. NAYLOR 85. SABIN 14598. PALAU 112082. $1350.

102. Keene, Richard Raynal: A LETTER OF VINDICATION TO HIS EXCELLENCY COLONEL MONROE, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.... [Philadelphia. 1824]. 47pp. Errata slip pasted to verso of title-leaf. Dbd. Occasional light fox mark, else very good.

Richard Keene was a fascinating and shadowy figure who played an interesting role in the Southwest after the Louisiana Purchase. Implicated in the Burr Conspiracy, he went to Spain after its collapse and obtained a grant of lands in Texas contin-gent upon his bringing settlers there. In this pamphlet he claims that there was a conspiracy against him in the United States, “...by men of high influence, to defeat my plan of Mexican colonization by impressing the Spanish government with the belief that I was a secret agent of this government for extending their republican dominion into Mexico.” He expands at some length on this issue and his efforts to found a Texas colony and his problems with the American government. Streeter discusses the significance of this pamphlet in his note on Keene’s proposal to Spain (see Streeter Texas 1056).

Monroe objected to Keene’s designation as America’s agent to secure the release of captured American seamen held in Algiers and called him “a most obnoxious character.” This is Keene’s response, in which he emphasizes his patriotism and service to his country, while denying charges that he otherwise engaged in “anti-American politics.” It prints affidavits from Luther Martin and Robert Goodloe Harper. “Keene, the first American promised land for bringing settlers to Texas, was accused of being a party to Burr’s conspiracy...” – Howes.

HOWES K24, “aa.” SABIN 37156. STREETER TEXAS 1056 (note). AMERICAN IMPRINTS

16766. $900.

The British Proconsul in Argentina Reportsto His Majesty’s Government,

Leading to the First Recognition of Nationhoodin South America by Any European Power

103. Parish, Woodbine: GENERAL REPORT ON THE RISE & PROG-RESS OF THE PRESENT FREE GOVERNMENT OF BUENOS AYRES [manuscript title]. Buenos Aires. 1824. 80pp. autograph manuscript with one manuscript note and eight printed items tipped to six pages. Quarto.

Contemporary three-quarter morocco and marbled boards. Covers faded, spine lightly abraded, paper label chipped. Internally very clean, report and appendix in a clear, legible hand in ink; additional contemporary notes throughout the text in pencil. Text preceded by twenty-six blank leaves, with tabs for the letters of the alphabet, one indented on each leaf (one blank leaf has pasted remnant of printed text). In fine condition. In a half morocco and cloth box.

This manuscript report prepared by British consul-general Woodbine Parish for the British government regarding the political and economic situation in Argentina in the mid-1820s was a crucial step in the recognition of Argentina’s statehood by any European power. Parish was an experienced British diplomat who, prior to going to South America, had served in diplomatic roles in Sicily, Naples, Paris, Aix-la-Chapelle, and the Ionian Islands. “In 1823 the government determined to send out political agents to the Spanish American States, and Parish was appointed commissioner and consul-general to Buenos Ayres...After he had sent home a report upon the state of the people and their newly constituted government, full powers were sent to him in 1824 to negotiate with them a treaty of amity and commerce. This was concluded on 2 Feb. 1825 at Buenos Ayres, and was the first treaty made with any of the new states of America, and the first recognition of their national existence by any European power” – DNB. The present manuscript is evidently that report, which persuaded the British Government to recognize Argentina and impressed the Foreign Office sufficiently that they promoted Parish to negotiate it.

Parish’s account begins with a brief critical history of the colonies under Span-ish rule. He writes:

The origin of the events which have separated the colonies from Spain may be traced to a variety of well known causes: oppressed, misgoverned and misguided as they long had been, it was not to be expected that in this enlightened and liberal age they would much longer continue in the state of degraded and odious subjection in which they had been hitherto held.

In regards to the vice royalty of Buenos Aires declaring independence from Spain, he adds that internal “public opinion was long undecided as to the course to be adopted…But, though the doctrines of liberty were declared, it was…found to be no easy task to establish a government for a people brought up in such a state of servility and debasement as hardly to have a distant notion of the blessings of free institutions.”

Parish mentions various military operations between 1815 and 1820, leading to a state of disorganization and disorder. It was under these conditions that a government was formed in 1821 which focused on affairs in Buenos Aires and good provincial administration.

A radical and systematic reform commenced which has produced in little more than three years results beyond the most sanguine expectations: From a state of anarchy and confusion the people of Buenos Ayres are now raised to a prosperity hitherto unknown to them, and are at present in the enjoyment of the blessings of a good, well organized, and stable government.

The remainder of the report is devoted to institutions which have been “established or promoted, and which give them a claim to the eternal gratitude of their coun-trymen.” These include a representative system of government, executive power, a law on the inviolability of private property (extended to foreigners residing in the country), a general amnesty, and the official gazette “in which all the acts of the government were laid before the public. This was a new measure and obtained for them a very general degree of confidence.” For all of these institutions, additional documentation is provided in the appendix in the original Spanish and often in English translation.

Parish is particularly impressed with cultural changes under independence.

But the most striking change which has been effected at Buenos Ayres is that with respect to religious opinions: the power of the priesthood under the dominion of Spain was almost absolute and the most intolerant doctrines of the Catholic Religion alone were promulgated and severely maintained. Freedom of conscience and of opinions has arisen out of the revolution.

The author is equally impressed with the state of education, writing that “no measure however of this government is of greater consequence than the exertions for the promotion of education.” He notes the establishment of public schools, colleges for the moral and natural sciences and a university for the clergy. Parish adds that a library of approximately 20,000 volumes “has been opened to the public which is well arranged and is daily increasing and several scientific societies have been

formed…It is a new feeling in this country and acts with the greater forces after the state of ignorance and seclusion in which this people had been so long kept under the old Spanish system under which even the importation of books excepting upon religious subjects was utterly prohibited.”

The report includes descriptions of liberty of the press, administration of justice, confederation and population of the provinces, finances (additional information for which is provided in the appendix and the addenda), the Banda Oriental, the war department, and the country’s foreign relations. Regarding international relations, the report indicates that “the foreign relations of Buenos Ayres have been confined to treaties of alliance and defence with some of the other free states of South America [‘Chile and Colombia only’ is added in pencil] and to an exchange of diplomatic missions with the United States.” Parish notes that for other countries, only of-ficial representatives authorized by their governments can negotiate with the newly independent government of Buenos Aires.

In concluding, Parish provides a positive review of the current conditions in Argentina and the potentials for British involvement in the future.

The errors of the past will be shunned for the future; and the benefits of a good government which has been at last established are now quite sufficiently known and understood to ensure the support of all classes of the people. Every day adds to its more and physical strength, as education advances so will the state, as foreign commerce increases, so will the prosperity and re-sources of the country. Nature has done her utmost in climate and situation, and it only remains for civilized man in these regions to make the most of those inestimable blessings which providence on the one hand has bestowed upon him and a paternal government on the other is anxious by all possible means to improve.

After this report was received by the British government for internal consideration, Parish was charged with negotiating a treaty of amity and commerce, in which Great Britain recognized Argentina, the first formal recognition of any of the former Spanish colonies in the Americas by a European power, and the second country in the Western Hemisphere with which England had diplomatic relations (the other being the United States). “As a mark of his Majesty’s gracious approbation” Parish was appointed chargé d ’affaires to the new republic, a position he held from 1825 until 1832. His clear and well documented report, including appendix and addenda, along with his positive impressions for British advancement, ensured his continued diplomatic service in Buenos Aires. In 1838, his full account on Argentina’s history, geography, and geology, Buenos Ayres and the Provinces of the Rio de la Plata: Their Present State, Trade, and Debt..., was published. In 1837, Parish was knighted for his diplomatic services in Latin America.

DNB XV, pp.213-14. $13,500.

The Story of a Major Slave Revolt

104. [Smith, John, Rev.]: THE LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY’S REPORT OF THE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST THE LATE REV. J. SMITH, OF DEMERARA, MINISTER OF THE GOS-PEL, WHO WAS TRIED UNDER MARTIAL LAW, AND CON-DEMNED TO DEATH, ON A CHARGE OF AIDING AND AS-SISTING IN A REBELLION OF THE NEGRO SLAVES.... Lon-don. 1824. vii,[1],204pp. Modern half calf and marbled boards. Lightly toned. Contemporary ownership signature on titlepage; titlepage repaired in inner corners. About very good, untrimmed.

The Rev. John Smith was a Methodist missionary in Demerara (British Guiana) at the time of a revolt of some ten thousand slaves there. The uprising was precipitated by rumors that Parliament was moving to ameliorate conditions for slaves, as a step toward eventual manumission. By the late summer of 1823, slaves on approximately fifty plantations, believing that their “rights” were being withheld by their masters, rose in revolt. Emancipation was demanded, and violence ensued, with two or three whites dying as a result. The Rev. Smith was a minister to the slaves. He was ordered to join the militia in protecting British property rights but refused. Smith was charged with promoting “discontent and dissatisfaction in the minds of the negro slaves” and of not warning of the plot. At his trial several slaves were called to testify on behalf of the prosecution and the defense, and their testimony is printed here. On Nov. 24, 1823, Smith was sentenced “to be hanged by the neck until dead,” but died of “pulmonary consumption” in prison before clemency arrived from London. This book was issued by the London Missionary Society in an effort to prove that Smith had been unfairly accused and to clear the name of the Society. It includes “documentary evidence omitted in the Parliamentary copy” of the proceedings, letters, and statements of Smith and his wife, and a petition to the House of Commons by Sir James Mackintosh asking that the sentence against Smith be rescinded.

An important source of primary information on a major slave revolt in the Americas.

SABIN 82905. RAGATZ, p.342. $1250.

105. Mathison, Gilbert Farquhar: NARRATIVE OF A VISIT TO BRA-ZIL, CHILE, PERU, AND THE SANDWICH ISLANDS, DUR-ING THE YEARS 1821 AND 1822. WITH MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS ON THE PAST AND PRESENT STATE, AND PO-LITICAL PROSPECTS OF THOSE COUNTRIES. London. 1825. xii,478pp. plus four color plates, folding map, errata page, and [2]pp. of ad-vertisements. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Light wear to edges and extremities. Front hinge starting. Some light foxing to map, else internally clean. An attractive, very good copy.

The author sailed from Lisbon to Rio in 1821, visiting the Swiss settlement of Nova Friburgo. He then boarded an American brig destined for Chile and Peru, and at Callao he took another ship to the Sandwich Islands. Includes a folding map of the Sandwich Islands and beautiful color plates depicting Peruvian women and a native Sandwich Islander. Sabin and Borba de Moraes call for four plates, as in this copy, but the copy in the Hill collection contains only three. “Of the 170pp. on Brazil the best passage is the description of the attempted Swiss colonization, at that time in full decay, and general remarks about Brazilian progress” – Borba de Moraes. A scarce Pacific voyage.

SABIN 46858. HILL 1105. ABBEY 700. JUDD 119. BORBA DE MORAES, p.536. RODRIGUES

1565. $1850.

The Royalists of Peru Fight On

106. [Olañeta, Pedro Antonio de]: VIVA EL REY. PROCLAMA DEL GENERAL OLAÑETA A LOS PUEBLOS DEL ALTO Y BAJO PERU [caption title]. [Oruro (?). 1825]. Broadside, 12 x 8 inches. In Span-ish. Early folds. Very light staining, else near fine.

An extremely rare, and possibly unrecorded, example of one of Gen. Antonio de Olañeta’s final proclamations to the public, issued three months before his death. Olañeta was a major royalist leader during Bolivia and Peru’s fight for independence, serving as a major-general and the commander-in-chief of Upper Peru (Bolivia) from 1823 to his death in 1825. In December 1824, after the revolutionaries’ watershed victory at Ayachuco, Olañeta headed to the south of Chile to make a final stand for Spain. On April 4, during an attempt to quell a disturbance within one of his battalions, Olañeta was shot and killed by one of his own soldiers. In the present proclamation, signed in print at Ururo on Jan. 24, 1825, Olañeta declares that the Army of the North has been scattered by a treason of the “so-called liberals” and launches an invective against José de la Serna, Peru’s last viceroy and general-in-chief, who lost Ayachuca and whom Olañeta had long opposed. He promises that the king’s cause in Peru is not all lost, and calls for the towns of upper and lower Peru to maintain peace in the face of anarchy while the army continues to work to save them. Not in Palau or OCLC, and possibly unique. $1750.

107. [Peru]: EL SOL DEL CUZCO...[caption title]. Cuzco: Imprenta del Gobierno, Aug. 27, 1825. [4]pp. Quarto. Self-wrappers. Moderate creasing. Minor spotting, heavier on verso of last leaf. Good.

Number 35 of this scarce Peruvian newspaper from the earliest period of Peru’s independence. The present issue includes Simón Bolívar’s plans to establish a public education system and several hospitals in Lima, Lampa, Azangaro, and Juli. Also included is commentary on a recently established London mining concern with interest in the rich mining districts of Peru. Quite rare. Charno locates only one copy of this issue, at Yale University.

CHARNO, p.523. $300.

A Remarkable Sammelbandof Early Treaties of the Republic of Mexico

108. [Mexican Treaties]: [COLLECTION OF TWENTY-FIVE TREA-TIES BETWEEN MEXICO AND OTHER NATIONS MADE BE-TWEEN 1825 AND 1856, WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING ANOTHER FIVE TREATIES AND DOCUMENTS INVOLVING THE UNITED STATES, MEXICO, AND LATIN AMERICAN NATIONS]. [Various places, 1825-1856]. Various paginations, enumerated

below. Most of the treaties are in folio format, with a few (noted below) in octavo. The entire collection is in a single folio volume bound in 19th-century three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Fine.

A great collection of Mexican treaties, including sixteen made within the first twenty years of Mexico’s independence from Spain, and also including the exceedingly rare Mexican printing of the Gadsden Purchase Treaty, and the official Mexican printing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican-American War. In all, the collection charts the progress of Mexican international relations and diplomacy in the first thirty-five years after independence and comprises treaties with the United States (six in all), European powers (including their former mother country, Spain), and other South American nations. Though the origin of this volume is unknown, it was quite possibly compiled by a member of the Mexican government or of the Mexican diplomatic corps in the mid-19th century. The volume is prefaced with a manuscript title reading: “Coleccion de Tratados Celebrados con la Republica Mexicana.”

As noted, a highlight of the collection is the extremely rare Mexican printing of the Gadsden Purchase Treaty of 1853, by which the United States created its

present southwestern border, and Mexico gave up parts of what are now present-day southern Arizona and New Mexico. The United States had also pressed for the states of Sonora and Baja California as well, but Mexico did not accede to that deal. The official Mexican printing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (one of only 500 copies, according to Palau) is also present. Also included is Mexico’s 1823 treaty with Colombia – the first the newly-independent Mexico made with another nation, as well as the 1826 treaty with Great Britain, which was the first Mexican treaty with a European power. Several of the treaties with Britain include articles by which Mexico agrees to end the slave trade. Mexico’s treaty with Spain of 1838 – by which Spain formally recognized Mexican independence and made peace with her break-away colony – is included here in the rare official folio edi-tion. Many of the treaties of the 1820s and ‘30s carry clauses accommodating the relative inequality of Mexican commerce and shipping vis à vis the United States and European powers.

The treaties, conventions, and other documents – in the order in which they are bound in the volume – are as follow:

1) [Mexico-Colombia Treaty]: Primeria Secretaria de Estado. Seccion de Estado. El Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1825]. [5]pp. Folio. Mexico negotiated a treaty of amity and commerce with the new republic of Colombia in the fall of 1823, but it was not ratified until Sept. 20, 1825, and printed immediately thereafter. This is the first treaty between Mexico and another power, and probably the first treaty of Gran Colombia as well (which then encompassed Ecuador and Venezuela as well as Colombia).

2) [Mexico-Great Britain Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado, Departmento del Exterior...El Escmo. Sr. Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1827]. 12pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and English. Folio. The first treaty between Mexico and a European power, this amity and commerce treaty was negotiated in London in December of 1826 and ratified in Mexico on Oct. 29, 1827. This was a significant diplomatic victory for England, which was embroiled in Caribbean trade disputes with the United States ( John Quincy Adams would close American ports to British shipping from Caribbean colonies the next year). The U.S. still lacked a treaty with Mexico, and this insinuated British influence against American expansion.

3) [Mexico-Great Britain Treaty]: Tratado Para la Abolicion del Trafico de Esclavos, Celebrado Entre la Republica Mexicana y S.M. Britanica. [Mexico City. 1843]. [2],18pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and English. Folio. Part of England’s crusade against the slave trade, this treaty was agreed to in 1841 and ratified in 1843. Mexico had outlawed slavery on gaining independence.

4) [Mexico – Slave Trade]: Ministerio de Relaciones Interior y Esteriores...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1851]. Folio broadside. An 1851 proclamation calling for aiding England in enforcing prohibition of the slave trade, and citing the provisions of the 1841 treaty to that effect.

5) [Mexico-Netherlands Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Exterior. El Escmo. Sr. Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos...[caption title].

[Mexico City. 1829]. 9pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and Dutch. Folio. Treaty of amity and commerce between Mexico and the Netherlands, negotiated in 1827 and ratified in 1829, the second treaty between Mexico and a European power.

6) [Mexico-Denmark Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Este-rior...El Escmo. Sr. Presidente de los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1829]. [9]pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French. Folio. This treaty of amity and commerce with Denmark was negotiated in 1828 and ratified in 1829.

7) [Mexico-Hanover Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Es-terior. El Presidente de los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1829]. 15pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French and in Spanish and English. Mexico’s campaign to establish good relations with the major European powers continued with this treaty with a major German state, agreed to in 1828 and ratified the same day as the Denmark treaty, on Oct. 29, 1829. Actually, only the first two pages (printed in Spanish and French) relate directly to Hanover, the rest being taken up by a printing of the Mexican treaty with Great Britain of 1826 (item 2 above). Logical, if one remembers that the British monarch, George IV, was also the King of Hanover at the time.

8) [Mexico-United States Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Esterior. El Escmo. Sr. Presidente...el Decreto...un Tratado de Amistad, Comercio y Navegacion Entre los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y los Estados Unidos de America...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1832]. 21pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and English. Folio. This is the second treaty between Mexico and the United States, negotiated in 1831 and ratified in Mexico on Dec. 1, 1832. The Mexi-can government had refused to sign a treaty of amity and commerce until a boundary treaty had been concluded, and that treaty, negotiated in 1828, was ratified the same day. The clauses were fairly standard for such a commercial treaty, with the interesting addition of a clause by which the powers agreed not to incite hostile Indians to attack each other. Since Texas was then a part of Mexico, this treaty applied to trade with Texas as well, but Streeter fails to note a Mexican printing of the treaty, only listing the Congressional printing. MALLOY, p.1085. PALAU 339368.

9) [Mexico-United States Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Esterior...un Tratado Para la Demarcacion de los Limites...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1832]. 5pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and English. Folio. This brief treaty adds an extension to the 1828 treaty of limits, which contained a deadline on ratification, so as to allow its passage with the amity and com-merce treaty. Like the 1828 treaty and the amity and commerce treaty, it was ratified in Mexico on Dec. 1, 1832. MALLOY, p.1084.

10) [Mexico-United States Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado, Departamento de Exterior...Que a Efecto de Facilitar el Cumplimienio del Art. 3 del Tratado de Limites...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1836]. [4]pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and English. Folio. By this treaty, negotiated in 1835, the United

States and Mexico added a clause to the 1828 treaty of limits, agreeing to commissioners meeting to survey the boundary of the U.S. and Mexico, es-pecially along the Sabine River. By the time this was ratified the point was moot; Texas had seized independence and the Sabine boundary no longer existed. The day set for ratification was, in fact, the same day as the Battle of San Jacinto. MALLOY, p.1099. STREETER TEXAS 1257a (two copies, and noting

a 1958 auction record of $400). 11) [Mexico-United States Treaty]: Ministerio de Relaciones Esteriores...Convencion

Para el Arreglo de Reclamaciones de Ciudadanos de los Estados-Unidos de America, Contra el Gobierno de la Republica Mexicana...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1840]. [4]pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and English. Folio. This treaty, the fifth chronologically between Mexico and the United States, attempted to set up a structure for settling claims of citizens. Many U.S. traders in Mexico had claims there, and many Mexicans who had lost property in the Texas Revolution now made claims against the U.S. These nagging problems received no real settlement here. MALLOY, p.1101.

12) [Mexico-United States Treaty]: Tratado de Paz, Amistad, Limites y Arreglo Definitivo Entre la Republica Mexicana y los Estados-Unidos de America...[Sec-ond titlepage, in English, reads:] Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Boundaries, and Definitive Settlement Between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic.... Mexico City. 1848. 55pp. printed in Spanish and English on facing pages. The official Mexican printing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the war of 1846-48 between the United States and Mexico, and re-sulting in the formal cession of the entire Southwest and California to the United States. Agreements were reached for the withdrawal of American troops from Mexico, the payment of Mexican claims, and the formal cession of territory (the U.S. had already occupied all of the land). The theoretical boundaries were set out and arrangements for boundary commissioners were made. By this treaty the U.S. made an addition of land only equaled by the Louisiana Purchase and the Alaska Purchase. An important American treaty, here in a scarce printing (only 500 copies, according to Palau). MALLOY, p.1107. PALAU 339389.

13) [Mexico-United States Treaty]: Secretario de Estado y del Despacho Relaciones Exteriores...un Tratado Entre la Republica Mejicana y los Estados-Unidos de America...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1854]. [8]pp. printed in double col-umns in Spanish and English. Folio. The extremely rare official printing of the Gadsden Purchase Treaty, agreed to on Dec. 30, 1853, and ratified the following year. By this agreement the United States purchased what is now the southern part of the states of Arizona and New Mexico, thus securing the land needed for the southern route of the transcontinental railroad. The main U.S. negotiator, James Gadsden, had attempted to buy Baja California and Sonora as well, but was rebuffed. This was the last addition to the land mass of the continental United States, and the eighth treaty chronologically with Mexico. MALLOY, p.1121.

14) [Mexico-Saxony Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento de Esterior. El Presidente de los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos...un Tratado de Amistad y Com-mercio...el Rey de Sajonia...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1833]. [5]pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French. Folio. Another early Mexican treaty with one of the German states, following Hanover in 1829. As with that treaty, the formal signatory was the British king (in this instance William IV), who was descended of the House of Hanover.

15) [Mexico-Chile Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Esterior. El Vice-Presidente de los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos...un Tratado de Amistad, Comercio y Navegacion Entre los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos y la Republica de Chile...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1833]. [4]pp. Folio. The first Mexican treaty with Chile, and the second with a South American power, after Gran Colombia in 1825. The treaty was ratified on Oct. 1, 1833. Not in Palau.

16) [Mexico-Peru Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Esterior, El Escmo. Sr. Presidente...un Tratado de Amistad, Comercio, y Navegacion, Entre los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos y la Republica del Peru...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1833]. [5]pp. Folio. The first Mexican treaty with Peru, and the third with a South American power, following closely on the heels of the Chile treaty, being ratified on Nov. 20, 1833. This was very shortly after independence was gained from the Spanish, and Peru still included Bolivia. PALAU 339369.

17) [Mexico-Prussia Treaty]: Primera Secretaria de Estado. Departamento del Es-terior. El Escmo. Sr. Presidente...un Tratado de Amistad, Navegacion y Comercio Entre los Estados-Unidos Mexicanos y S.M. El Rey de Prusia...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1836]. 11pp. Printed double columns in French and Spanish. Folio. Treaty between Mexico and the most important of the German states, ratified on April 16, 1836.

18) [Mexico-Spain Treaty]: Tratado Definitivo de Paz y Amistad Entre la Republica Mexicana y S.M. Catolica. [Mexico City. 1838]. [7]pp. Folio. Certainly the most important Mexican treaty before Guadalupe Hidalgo, this treaty with Spain officially recognized that Mexico was now independent from the mother country, established peace between the two countries (they had technically been at war since the Revolution), agreed to conclude treaties on claims and commerce, and settled other differences. This official folio printing is not in Palau, who notes only a quarto printing of 1843. PALAU 339375 (another Mexico printing).

19) [Mexico-Spain Treaty]: Secretaria de Estado y del Despacho de Relaciones Exteri-ores...una Convencion Entre Esta Republica y la Espana...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1854]. [5]pp. Folio. This convention, negotiated between 1851 and 1854, sought to settle outstanding differences between Spain and Mexico, mainly relating to claims and commercial problems.

20) [Mexico-France Treaty]: Ministerio de Relaciones Esteriores. El Escmo. Sr. Presi-dente...un Tratado de Paz Entre Esta Republica y el Reino de Francia...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1840]. [4]pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French. Folio. This peace treaty ended the so-called “Pastry War” between France and Mexico. The French had blockaded the main Mexican port of

Vera Cruz in an attempt to collect claims due French citizens. After landing some troops, an agreement was negotiated and the French withdrew.

21) [Mexico-France Treaty]: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. El Escmo. Sr. Presidente...una Convencion Entre Esta Republica y el Reino de Francia...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1840]. [3]pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French. Folio. A convention for the settlement of claims which had prompted the French blockade of Vera Cruz.

22) [Mexico-Hanseatic League Treaty]: Ministerio de Relaciones Esteriores y Gober-nacion. El Escmo. Sr. Presidente Provisional...un Tratado de Amistad, Navegacion y Comercio Entre Esta Republica y la Ciudades Libres y Anseaticas...[caption title]. [Mexico City. 1842]. 11pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French. Folio. Commercial treaty between Mexico and the Baltic and north German ports of Lubeck, Bremen, and Hamburg.

23) [Mexico-Austria Treaty]: Tratado de Amistad, Navegacion y Comercio Entre la Republica Mexicana y S.M. El Emperador de Austria, Rey de Hungria y de Bo-hemia.... [Mexico City. 1843]. [2],12pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and French. Folio. Mexico’s first treaty with the Austro-Hungarian empire, which later provided its ill-fated emperor, Maximilian. PALAU 339383.

24) [Mexico-German States Treaty]: Tratado de Amistad, Navegacion y Comercio Celebrado Entre la Republica Mexicana y los Reinos y Estados Goberanos de Ale-mania.... [Mexico City. 1856]. 14pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and black-letter German. Folio. General commercial treaty between Mexico and nineteen German states, including some, such as Prussia and Saxony, with whom treaties already existed, and numerous smaller principalities.

25) [Mexico-Sardinia Treaty]: Tratado de Amistad, Navegacion y Comercio, Entre la Republica Mexicana y S.M. El Rey de Cerdena. [Mexico City. 1856]. [2],10pp. printed in double columns in Spanish and Italian. Folio. Commercial treaty with Sardinia, then including northern Italy. PALAU 339396.

26) [Mexican War]: Exposicion Dirigida al Supremo Gobierno por los Senores Comis-ionados Que Firmaron en Guadalupe el Tratado de Paz...[manuscript title]. [Mexico City. 1848]. [3]-28pp. Leaves individually mounted on larger sheets. Lacks printed titlepage. This pamphlet discusses the Mexican side of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the new boundary with the United States, and includes instructions from the Mexican government to their boundary commissioners. TUTOROW 4125.

27) [United States-Mexico Relations]: Washington, March 23, 1847. Sir: The Govern-ment of Mexico Having Repeatedly Rejected the Friendly Overtures of the United States...[caption title]. [Washington. 1847]. 14pp. Folio. This proclamation, ordered by U.S. President Polk and promulgated by the Treasury Department, asserts that since the Mexican government would not make terms: “It is the right of the conquerors to levy contributions upon the enemy in their seaports, towns, or provinces....” The document then lays out the taxing powers of the military government, especially to collect customs revenues. There follows a table of “Tariff of Duties...giving rates, setting up the customs system, and providing rates.

28) [United States-Colombia Treaty]: By the President of the United States of America. A Proclamation...Whereas a General Convention of Peace, Amity, Navigation and Commerce Between the United States of America, and the Republic of Colombia...[caption title]. [Washington. 1825]. [2],9pp. printed in double columns in English and Spanish. Folio. The official U.S. printing of the first treaty be-tween the United States and another American power. Eager to extend their hemispheric influence in the spirit of the Monroe Doctrine, the U.S. was ready to establish diplomatic ties with the new South American republics. Gran Colombia, encompassing most of present Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, and part of Ecuador, was the first of the new Republics to make a treaty with the U.S. A landmark in American diplomatic history. MALLOY, p.292.

29) [United States-Peru Treaty]: Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation, Between the United States and the Republic of Peru. [Washington. 1852]. 23pp. printed in double columns in English and Spanish. Folio. The United States concluded a treaty with Peru-Bolivia in 1836, but civil war tore that original republic apart. This is the first treaty with the reconstituted republic, with boundaries close to those presently existing. This was particularly important to the United States because of the many American vessels which put into the port of Lima.

30) [United States-France Convention]: Consular Convention Between the United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of the French. [Washington. 1853]. 10,[1]pp. printed in double columns in English and French. Folio. The second American consular convention with France, replacing that of 1788. MALLOY, p.528.

$42,500.

109. [Argentina]: MANIFIESTO DE LA COMISION DE NEGOCIOS CONSTITUCIONALES DEL CONGRESO GENERAL CON-STITUYENTE DE LAS PROVINCIAS UNIDAS DEL RIO DE LA PLATA, PRESENTADO JUNTO CON EL PROYECTO DE CONSTITUCION Á QUE SE REFIERE [caption title]. [Buenos Ai-res]: Imprenta Argentina, 1826. 12pp. Small quarto. 20th-century three-quarter morocco over marbled boards, spine gilt. Edges and spine lightly worn, upper outer joint moderately worn. Contemporary number inscription in top margin of first page of text. Lower right corners of first two leaves chipped. Moderate age-toning and foxing. A good copy.

An extremely rare tract concerning the development of the Argentine constitution in the early republican period of that nation. In April 1819 a constitution was approved establishing a congress with two legislative branches and an elected chief executive. Due to the local political situation, however, that constitution was not fully enacted. A new constitution, promoting a centralized system of government, was eventually drafted in 1826. This manifesto of the government’s constitutional commission, presented to the Argentine representatives, reviews various aspects of the 1819 Constitution and proposes changes to be effected in the new document.

An extremely rare publication concerned with the early constitutional period in Argentina. OCLC records a single copy at the National Library of Chile. No copies are located in RLIN.

PALAU 148972. OCLC 55255075. $2500.

110. [Argentina]: PUBLICAMOS LA SIGUIENTE CARTA CON TE-MOR DE DISGUSTAR AL SENOR SERRANO, QUE ESTANDO DESEMPENANDO UNA DISTINGUIDA COMISION, AUN NO CREERA OPORTUNO EL RECHAZO DE LAS IMPOSTURAS DE SUS DETRACTORES; PERO A NOSOTROS NOS ES GRA-TO COMPROBAR QUE SOMOS TAN CELOSOS AMIGOS DE DICHO SENOR, COMO ENEMIGOS DE LA CALUMNIA [cap-tion title]. Buenos Aires. 1826. 4pp., printed on recto and verso of single folded sheet. Very good.

Jose Mariano Serrano was apparently accused of publishing a dubious political tract called El Mosquetero. In a letter to a friend, printed herein by his supporters, Serrano passionately defends his name. He claims that he was the first to opt for Bolivia’s independence. Also includes a letter addressed to Serrano from Gen. Alvarez de Arenales. $250.

111. Duane, William: A VISIT TO COLOMBIA, IN THE YEARS 1822 & 1823, BY LAGUAYRA AND CARACAS, OVER THE CORDIL-LERA TO BOGOTA, AND THENCE BY THE MAGDALENA TO CARTAGENA. Philadelphia: Printed by Thomas H. Palmer, for the author, 1826. 632pp. plus two plates. Contemporary calf, gilt morocco label. Calf rubbed and scraped. Titlepage a bit dusty, some offsetting from the second plate, scattered foxing. Overall, a very good copy.

An interesting and thorough description of Colombia in the midst of the Latin American independence movements, by William Duane, the famed publisher of the Philadelphia Aurora. Duane had been interested in Latin American affairs for decades, and was asked by several business associates to assist in settling claims against the government. He travelled there in 1822-23 and produced this lengthy work on the country, including discussions of its culture, geography, religion, trade, society, economics, governmental structure, natural history, and people. The result is an excellent examination of the country by an astute observer. The lovely aqua-tint plates, which show the Pass of La Cabrera and the Falls of Taquendama, are from sketches by Duane and were drawn by Thomas Birch, famous for this work with his father, William, on the pioneering American color plate book, The City of Philadelphia. The appendix prints the constitutions of Colombia. Relatively scarce on the market.

SABIN 20994. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 24368. PALAU 76275. NAYLOR 80. $1850.

112. [Gomez Pedraza, Manuel]: SECRETARIA DE GUERRA Y MARI-NA. SECCION 2A. EL ECSMO. SR. PRESIDENTE DE LOS ES-TADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS SE HA SERVIDO DIRIGIRME EL DECRETO QUE SIQUE...[caption title]. [Mexico City. March 21, 1826]. [2]pp. plus seven full-page tables (two folding). Self-wrappers. Inter-nally clean. Very good.

“A rare and important decree, setting up a new system for the defense of the frontiers. The tables show the make-up of the forces of the presidial companies at Tucson, Tubac, Altar, Bahia del Espiritu Santo, San Antonio de bejar [sic], etc. In all Sonora and Sinaloa was to have nine presidial companies, New Mexico three, and Coahuila and Texas seven. The text gives many interesting details of the system in eleven numbered articles” – Eberstadt. Quite rare. Streeter locates only two copies, one at the University of Texas, the other being his own. OCLC locates one copy.

OCLC 14375772. STREETER TEXAS 714. EBERSTADT 162:335. $2000.

113. [Great Britain-Colombia Treaty]: TREATY OF AMITY, COM-MERCE, AND NAVIGATION, BETWEEN HIS MAJESTY AND THE STATE OF COLOMBIA, TOGETHER WITH AN ADDI-TIONAL ARTICLE THEREUNTO ANNEXED...PRESENTED TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT BY HIS MAJESTY ’S COMMAND, 1826. London: R.G. Clarke, [1826]. 12pp. printed in double columns in English and Spanish. Folio. Dbd. Very good.

Official printing of the first treaty between Great Britain and the recently indepen-dent Colombia. Both nations agree to perpetual peace and amity, and to reciprocal trade privileges. Colombia agrees to aid the British in the abolition of the slave trade. The treaty was signed at Bogota on April 18, 1825. This was the second former Spanish colony recognized by England, who had recognized Argentina a few months earlier. No copies of this official British printing are listed on OCLC. Scarce. $900.

First Constitution of Chihuahua

114. [Mexico]: CONSTITUCION POLITICA DEL ESTADO LIBRE DE CHIHUAHUA, SANCIONADA POR SU CONGRESO CON-STITUYENTE EN 7 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1825. Mexico City. 1826. 32pp. 16mo. Later plain wrappers, stapled. Near fine.

The Mexico City printing of the first constitution of the state of Chihuahua, the largest in Mexico. The constitution was approved on December 7, 1825, in the wake of Mexican independence, and follows the 1824 constitution of the Mexican Republic. The Chihuahua constitution describes the rights of the citizens, the powers of the legislature and governor, and the administration of the courts and

the military. Signed in print by Jose de Urquidi, governor of Chihuahua. This printing is not in the Sutro collection. OCLC locates only three copies, at Yale, the Newberry Library, and Tulane University. Rare.

OCLC 16518065. $1750.

115. Antepara, Luis: DEFENSA LEGAL QUE EL CAPITAN LUIS AN-TEPARA HAVE POR EL GENERAL GRADUADO DE BRIGADA D. JOSÉ GREGORIO ARANA, EN EL CONSEJO DE GUERRA QUE HA DE CONOCER EN LA CAUSA QUE SE LE HA FOR-MADO SOBRE ATRIBUIRSELE EL CRIMEN DE INFIDENCIA. Mexico. 1827. 77pp. Dbd. Near fine.

The defense set forth by Capt. Luis Antepara against charges of treason brought against him by Gen. José Gregorio Arana. The charges stemmed from an at-tempted coup in the turbulent politics of post-Iturbide Mexico. OCLC locates two copies. Rare.

OCLC 20055285. $650.

The First Bolivian Constitution

116. [Bolivia]: CONSTITUCION DE LA REPUBLICA BOLIVIANA REIMPRESA DE ORDEN DEL SUPREMO GOBIERNO.... Chuquisaca: Imprenta Boliviana, May 30, 1827. [2],33pp. In Spanish. Pages 17 and 21 reversed due to printer’s error. Gathered signatures, stitched. Cleri-cal ink inscription (“763 G.R.M.”) in inner margin of titlepage. Minor light staining. Very good, untrimmed. In a half morocco box.

The extremely rare second and last official edition of Bolivia’s first constitution, after the slightly less rare first edition of 1826. In 1825, Upper Peru became the final South American republic to secure its independence from Spain under the leadership of Simón Bolívar, renaming itself Bolivia in his honor. Bolívar himself drafted this first constitution of the country in 1825 and handed power to Gen. Antonio José de Sucre as president for life. The constitution was accepted by the second Bolivian congress in 1826, and Sucre accepted his appointment, but only for two years, with the provision that two thousand Columbian troops should remain with him in La Paz. In late 1827, after repeated uprisings, Sucre and his army were driven from the capital, and the constitution was changed the following year. This second edition, which bears a serious printer’s error in the section on the president, is especially scarce and not recorded by Palau. OCLC records the imprint but locates no copies.

RENÉ-MORENO, BIBLIOTECA BOLIVIANA 763. $3750.

117. Molina, Jose Ignacio de: [Peru]: PERU. EL CUMPLIMIENTO DE LA LEY POR EL ORGANO REPUBLICANO. Lima. 1827. [4],iv, 76pp. Folio. Dbd. Light foxing and soiling. Moderate foxing to last two leaves; small tears and some chipping to edges. Good.

An important document outlining the constitutional law of Peru. One copy in OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library.

OCLC 80651923. SABIN 49895. $1250.

118. Rengger, Johann Rudolph; Longchamps, Marcelin: THE REIGN OF DOCTOR JOSEPH GASPARD RODERICK DE FRANCIA, IN PARAGUAY; BEING AN ACCOUNT OF A SIX YEARS’ RESI-DENCE IN THAT REPUBLIC. London. 1827. xvi,208pp. Modern half calf and marbled boards, spine elaborately gilt, edges marbled. Very minor foxing and faint dampstaining; front fly leaf loose but laid in. Very good.

The first English language edition of this work, translated from the French, of the remarkable story of Francia’s dictatorship following the collapse of Spanish authority. “Long detained by Francia, these trained observers recorded trustworthy observations that are a major source for the Francia regime” – Griffin. This makes One Hundred Years of Solitude look like a picnic. ABPC shows no copies at auction in the last twenty years.

LeCLERC 1931. PALAU 261106. SABIN 69615. GRIFFIN 6175. $600.

119. Brand, Charles: JOURNAL OF A VOYAGE TO PERU: A PASSAGE ACROSS THE CORDILLERA OF THE ANDES, IN THE WIN-TER OF 1827, PERFORMED ON FOOT IN THE SNOW; AND A JOURNEY ACROSS THE PAMPAS. London. 1828. iii-xvii,[3],346pp. plus four plates. Lacks the half title and advertisements. Contemporary three-quarter black morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Boards and extremities rubbed. Bookplate on front pastedown. Minor foxing; a touch of dampstaining along bottom edge, most noticeable toward rear of text. Very good.

“Brand was a lieutenant in the Royal Navy. His book contains much information on both Chile and Argentina, in addition to Peru. He also visited Rio de Janeiro, Montevideo, and crossed into Banda Oriental (Uruguay) to Buenos Aires. From Valparaiso, Chile, he sailed on the Orion to Callao and Lima. On his return trip aboard the Volador, he visited the Juan Fernandez Islands. After visiting Rio a second time, Brand made a stop at St. Michaels (Sao Miguel) in the Azores. The four plates are uncolored aquatints. There was a German edition of the same year published in Jena, Germany” – Hill.

SABIN 7388. HILL 179. ABBEY 724. $1000.

Enumerating the Troops Needed in Mexican California

120. [California]: ESTADO QUE MANIFIESTA LA FUERZA QUE DEBEN TENER LAS SEIS COMPAÑIAS QUE SE CONSIDER-AN NECESARIAS PARA LA GUARNICION DE LOS TERRITO-RIOS DE LA ALTA Y BAJA CALIFORNIA, CON ESPRESION DE LOS HABERES Y GRATIFICACIONES QUE DEBERÁN DISFRUTAR [caption title]. Mexico. May 8, 1828. Broadside, 16¾ x 12½ inches. Old folds. Slight wear and a few closed tears at edges. Very good. In a half morocco and marbled boards folding box, spine gilt.

A scarce broadside, enumerating the number of troops and officers which were needed for posts in California. The various posts are listed, including San Francisco, Monterrey, Santa Barbara, San Diego, and Loreto, as well as frontier forces. The number of soldiers called for at each is given, as well as physicians and surgeons, inspectors, etc. The annual budgets for the forces are also provided. Signed in print at the end: “F. Castro.” This broadside is sometimes found with an accompanying printed circular announcement, not present here. [See the following item for a copy with the circular] $2000.

Organizing Military Forces in California, 1828

121. [California]: SECRETARIA DE GUERRA Y MARINA, SEC-CION 2. – CIRCULAR. [with:] ESTADO QUE MANIFIESTA LA FUERZA QUE DEBEN TENER LAS SEIS COMPAÑIAS QUE SE CONSIDERAN NECESARIAS PARA LA GUARNICION DE LOS TERRITORIOS DE LA ALTA Y BAJA CALIFORNIA, CON ESPRESION DE LOS HABERES Y GRATIFICACIONES QUE DEBERÁN DISFRUTAR. Mexico. May 8, 1828. [1]p. circular plus broad-side, 16¾ x 11½ inches. Two sheets. One small worm hole in circular and two small wormholes in broadside, affecting a few letters of text in the former, else in fine condition. With official ink stamp. In a half calf and cloth fold-ing box, spine gilt.

The circular accompanying the broadside announces the organization of six com-panies of cavalry in Lower and Upper California, and a new post of commandante general for Alta California. The large broadside shows the number of troops and officers which were needed for posts in California. The various posts are listed, including San Francisco, Monterrey, Santa Barbara, San Diego, and Loreto, as well as frontier forces. The number of soldiers called for at each is given, as well as physicians and surgeons, inspectors, etc. The annual budgets for the forces are also provided. Signed in print at the end: “F. Castro.” An important decree organizing cavalry companies in California shortly after Mexico won its independence from Spain. $2750.

In the New State of Colombia

122. Gosselman, Carl August: RESA I COLOMBIA, ÅREN 1825 OCH 1826. Nykoping. 1828. Two volumes. [4],302,[1]; [4],402,[1]pp. plus folding map. Half title and frontispiece in each volume. Original plain blue paper wrappers, paper labels. Wrappers spotted and rubbed, small split in front hinge of second volume. Internally fresh and very good, untrimmed.

First edition of this oft-reprinted report on Colombia. Gosselman was a commander in the Swedish navy who made several trips to the Americas, producing a number of books on his travels. In Colombia he visited Cartagena, Bogota, Medellin, and several other places, and provides information on local history, people, and agri-culture. The plates depict Colombians rowing boats on the Magdalena River, and a Colombian carrying a European on his back up the Andes.

PALAU 106354. SABIN 28065. $850.

123. [Great Britain-Mexico Treaty]: TREAT Y OF AMIT Y, COM-MERCE, AND NAVIGATION, BETWEEN HIS MAJESTY AND THE UNITED STATES OF MEXICO, TOGETHER WITH TWO ADDITIONAL ARTICLES THEREUNTO ANNEXED...PRESENTED TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT, BY COM-MAND OF HIS MAJESTY, 1828. London: R.G. Clarke, [1828]. 13pp. printed in double columns in English and Spanish. Folio. Later plain paper wrappers. Small tear in gutter of final leaf, not affecting text. Near fine.

A scarce printing of the first treaty between Great Britain and the recently inde-pendent Mexico. The two nations pledge mutual peace and amity, and agree to trade with each other on an equal and reciprocal basis. Mexico also agrees to join with Great Britain in suppressing the slave trade. No copies of this official British printing are listed on OCLC. Scarce. $600.

124. Salazar, J.M.: OBSERVATIONS ON THE POLITICAL REFORMS OF COLOMBIA...Translated from the manuscript, by Edward Bar-ry. Philadelphia. 1828. [5]-47pp. Modern half morocco and marbled boards. Foxed. First two leaves of text excised, else a sound copy.

Surveys the forms of government available for a newly independent Colombia, in-cluding the federal system and other permutations of central government. Declares affinity with the United States, yet draws important contrasts by pointing out the homogenous nature of the Bolivian provinces as opposed to the independent charters of the American states. A scarce Philadelphia printing of an important work relat-ing to Latin American independence. Palau cites only the original Spanish edition.

SABIN 75576. PALAU 286648. $1250.

125. Ward, H.G.: MEXICO IN 1827. London. 1828. Two volumes. xix,[1], 591pp. plus five plates (two folding) and folding map; viii,[1],730pp. plus eight plates (five folding, one in color) and folding map. Contemporary calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Rubbed at extremities. Hinges cracked and repaired. Minor scattered foxing. Very good. Lacks the half titles.

One of the most important accounts of the early Mexican republic, called by Streeter a “classic book on Mexico.” “During his appointment as British chargé d ’affaires in Mexico from 1825 to 1827, Ward collected the data for this firsthand account of the political and social climate of Mexico at that time” – Hill. The plates illustrate the country, the natives, and their customs. Includes a “General Index of Span-ish Words.” The maps depict the principle routes to the mining districts, and the country as a whole. Streeter notes that while the section on Texas is brief, it is one of the few reliable descriptions and accounts from the 1820s.

HILL 1826. ABBEY 668. STREETER TEXAS 1104A. SABIN 101303. $1500.

A Certificate of Admission to Austin’s Colony:One of the Earliest Obtainable Texas Imprints

126. [Austin, Stephen F.]: EL CIUDADANO ESTEVAN F. AUSTIN, EMPRESARIO, PARA IN TRODUCIR EMIGRAD OS ES-TRANGEROS, EN LAS COLONIAS QUE LE TIENE, DESIGNA-DAS EL SUPREMO GOBIERNO DEL ESTADO DE COAHUILA Y TEXAS, POR LOS CONTRATOS CELEBRADOS ENTRE EL DICHO GOBIERNO Y EL MISMO AUSTIN.... [San Felipe de Austin: Printed by G.B. Cotten, 1829]. Printed document, 6 x 8¼ inches, completed in manuscript. Signed by Benjamin F. Hughs. Faint age toning and creasing, ink stain affecting “i” in “Colonias” of title docketed on verso in contemporary manuscript. Very good. Cloth matted with facsimile portrait of Stephen Austin and three accompanying plaques, two of which contain explanatory text.

A rare imprint from the San Felipe de Austin press of Godwin Brown Cotten, be-ing an original certificate of admission to Austin’s colony. “These grants were the foundation of the colonization of Texas” – Streeter. This document reflects one of the four essential steps in the colonization process, being the empresario’s certification stating that the immigrant (in this case a widow named Frances Manifee) had been admitted as a member of Austin’s colony. The next step would be to present this certificate to the commissioner charged with issuing land titles in the Colony. This document is signed in manuscript by Benjamin F. Hughs and dated July 29, 1831.

This is effectively the earliest obtainable Texas imprint, since any earlier ones are only surmised or exist in a few copies in institutions. It is now extremely rare in the marketplace. The only recent sale of a copy was of a much inferior one, with loss in the top margin, which sold at Sotheby’s in the Texas Independence Collec-tion sale on June 18, 2004 for $30,000 including house premium.

STREETER TEXAS 9. EBERSTADT 162:39. $25,000.

127. [Peru]: MENSAGE DE LA COMISION PERMANENTE DEL CONGRESO GENERAL CONSTITUYENTE DEL PERU AL CONGRESO CONSITUCIONAL. Lima. 1829. [2],15pp. Folio. Dbd. Titlepage bright and clean. Light and even tanning to text. Very good.

Message from the Constituent Congress of Peru, in the early days of the Republic of Peru. Only two copies on OCLC, at Duke and Harvard.

OCLC 25665912. $600.

128. [Walton, William]: NARRATIVE OF THE POLITICAL CHANG-ES & EVENTS WHICH HAVE RECENTLY TAKEN PLACE IN THE ISLAND OF TERCEIRA, DESCRIBING THE MANNER IN WHICH THE NATIVES HAVE BEEN OPPRESSED BY A LI-CENTIOUS SOLDIERY UNDER THE DIRECTION OF A FEW AMBITIOUS & DESIGNING DEMAGOGUES. London: Redford and Robins, 1829. 42pp. Contemporary printed wrappers, rebacked with old archival tape. Minor soiling on wrappers. Internally clean. Very good.

A discussion of Brazil’s political climate, with much on the plan to use Terceira as a base for a revolt against Portugal. Exceedingly rare. Not in Borba de Moraes, and OCLC locates only three copies.

OCLC 34994625. $600.

Decree Splitting the State of Occidente and Creating Sonora

129. [Alaman, Lucas]: PRIMERA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO. DE-PARTAMENTO DEL INTERIOR. SECCION 1a. [Mexico. Oct. 14, 1830]. [3]pp. on a folded folio sheet. A crisp, fine copy.

This document stands as the first national publication of the formation of the Mexican states of Sonora and Sinaloa, out of the former state of Occidente. Since the state of Occidente was created in 1825, there had been a vigorous opposition to it by those in the state who wanted Sonora and Sinaloa to go their separate ways. This dissension had spread throughout northwestern Mexico and Arizona and had at times become a veritable civil war between partisans of the two sides. As soon as the legislatures of the state of Occidente voted to split their state into two, the motion was passed on to the population, which greeted it with applause. The central government was then notified, and in turn, in this publication for the first time passed the word onto the people of Mexico. Much detail is provided regarding the boundaries, laws, elections, offices, naming various localities, deputies to be elected, and the like. Issued by the famous minister, Lucas Alaman, during the often overlooked Mexican period for the southwestern United States, after independence from Spain, but before the American annexation. $1000.

130. [Alexander, Alexander]: THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER ALEXAN-DER.... Edinburgh: William Blackwood and T. Cadell, London, 1830. Two volumes. vii,[1],iii,[1],339; [2],iii,[1],327pp. Frontispiece in first vol-ume. 12mo. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, black gilt morocco labels. Armorial bookplate on front pastedown of second volume, removed in first. Internally bright and clean. Near fine, in an attractive con-temporary binding.

An engaging tale of adventure, self-advertised as being in the tradition of Alexan-der Selkirk, upon whom Defoe based Robinson Crusoe. Following the death of his father, the present Alexander left Scotland for a life of adventure in the navy, travelling to the West Indies, Barbados, Martinique, Quebec, Trincomalee, Jamaica, and a host of other destinations. “The author was overseer on a plantation on Car-riaciou” – Beinecke Lesser Antilles Collection. “Includes campaigns in South America during the Revolutionary War” – Sabin. A charming story of world travel, edited and with an introduction by the popular John Howell.

BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 774. RAGATZ 353. SABIN 719. OCLC

6654845, 34014823. $1250.

Defense of Bolivar

131. [Rodriguez, Simon]: EL LIBERTADOR DEL MEDIODIA DE AMERICA Y SUS COMPANEROS DE ARMAS DEFENDIDOS POR UN AMIGO DE LA CAUSA SOCIAL. Arequipa, Peru. 1830. iv,158,[1]pp. Later cloth-backed plain wrappers. Worming, slightly affecting text, else very good.

A rare Arequipa imprint. The author defends Simón Bolívar’s character and seems to be very conscious of the Liberator’s place in history, asserting that comparing him to such figures as Washington and Napoleon is impertinent: “In the future the prophets will dominate, either inspirers or politicians...in such an order, Bolívar cannot think of becoming King.” Apparently this work was originally circulated in manuscript form at Chuquisaca (1828) before the present printed version ap-peared at Arequipa in 1830. “In Bolivia there does not exist a press that will print anything more than a broadside.”

PALAU 137802. $1500.

In a Deluxe Presentation Binding

132. [Alaman, Lucas]: MEMORIA DE LA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO Y DEL DESPACHO DE RELACIONES INTERIORES Y EXTE-RIORES, PRESENTADA...EN LA DE DIPUTADOS EL DIA 7, Y EN LA DE SENADORES EL 8 DE ENERO DE 1831. Mexico. 1831. [2],53,[22]pp. Small folio. Contemporary Mexican red calf, gilt, green

silk endpapers, a.e.g. Light wear to boards and corners. Very minor scattered foxing. Else fine.

The annual report on the state of Mexico by Lucas Alaman (1792-1853), while he was minister of Interior and Exterior Relations. Alaman was a controversial figure in 19th-century Mexico. A scientist, politician, historian, diplomat, and writer, he was conservative by nature and expressed a nostalgia for monarchic rule. He was an influential politician in the early years of the Mexican Republic and favored a strong central government. Alaman was also instrumental in the creation of the Mexican National Archives and the Natural History Museum in Mexico City. This report is in effect a State of the Union message, reviewing foreign relations, praising the domestic tranquility and prosperity then reigning, noting the freedom of the press, and the administration of the country.

PALAU 160863. $2500.

133. Gutierrez de la Fuente, Antonio: [Peru]: MANIFIESTO DEL JEN-ERAL LA-FUENTE. Santiago de Chile. 1831. 30pp. Folio. Dbd. Light foxing on first two leaves, else quite clean. Very good.

Antonio Gutierrez de la Fuente (1796-1878) was a Peruvian politician and general. He was briefly the president of Peru, from June to September 1829, then went into exile in Chile, where the present pamphlet was published. One copy is listed on OCLC, at Harvard.

OCLC 34662421. $750.

134. Arenales, José Ildefonso Álvarez de: MEMORIA HISTÓRICA SO-BRE LAS OPERACIONES E INCIDENCIAS DE LA DIVISION LIBERTADORA, A LAS ÓRDENES DEL GEN. D. JUAN ANTO-NIO ALVAREZ DE ARENALES, EN SU SEGUNDA COMPAÑA A LA SIERRA DEL PERU EN 1821. Buenos Aires: Imprenta de la Gaceta Mercantil, 1832. xv,[2],142,[2],[145]-247,[5]pp. plus lithographic frontispiece portrait, one folding table, and two folding maps. [bound with:] Angelis, Pedro de: BIOGRAFIA DEL SEÑOR GENERAL ARENALES Y JUICIO SOBRE LA MEMORIA HISTÓRICA DE SU SEGUNDA CAMPAÑA A LA SIERRA DEL PERU EN 1821. Buenos Aires: Im-prenta de la Independencia, 1832. 17pp. Quarto. Late 19th-century three-quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt, t.e.g. Boards slightly rubbed. Bookplate of Maryland Historical Society inscribed “Presented Jose Arenales,” with release stamp. Titlepage lightly soiled, with Maryland Historical Society stamp. Minor foxing in margins of frontispiece, otherwise text clean and fresh. Short, clean tear in one folding map (no loss). A very good copy.

A history of the military operations under Gen. Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales during the South American Wars of Independence. Arenales fought in numerous battles and became one of the key figures in Argentina’s independence movement.

He also played a significant role in Peru’s independence, fighting under José de San Martín and eventually attaining the rank of governor of Northern Peru. He retired in 1822 with the rank of grand marshal. The author, the son of the general, also served in the military under San Martín and in the congress of the province of Salta in Argentina. The work consists of a narrative history and an appendix (pp.[145]-247), the latter not noted by Sabin. The appendix reprints numerous documents related to two military campaigns in the Sierra. Bound with the Me-moria Histórica... is an additional work on Gen. Arenales, also printed in Buenos Aires in 1832.

SABIN 1930. PALAU 15909; 12494 (Angelis). $1000.

135. Bustamante, Anastasio: REFLECSIONES SOBRE EL MANIFIES-TO. Vera Cruz. 1832. 23pp. Dbd. Title-leaf foxed, else near fine.

During the Mexican War of Independence against Spain, Bustamante, a doctor, fought for the Spanish as a cavalry officer before joining Iturbide’s forces. He served as vice president, and president of Mexico in 1830 and again from 1837 to 1841. Bustamante offers an account of his actions during the civil war, as well as his analysis of the motivations of others, including Santa Anna. Sabin lists an 1832 Mexico City edition in quarto of twenty-two pages, but not the present Vera Cruz edition. Not on OCLC. Rare.

SABIN 9565 (ref ). $450.

136. [Serviez, Alfred de]: L’AIDE DE CAMP OU L’AUTEUR INCON-NU. SOUVENIRS DES DEUX-MONDES, PUBLIÉS PAR MAU-RICE DE VIARZ. Paris: Duféy et Vizard, Libraires, 1832. viii,404pp. Publisher’s wrappers. Front and rear covers chipped and stained, front cover detached, spine frayed. Text block split. Internally very clean. A near good copy. In a half morocco box.

A scarce account of the independence movement in South America, with questions regarding authorship still outstanding. Palau notes that some scholars believe that only the first part of these memoirs were written by Gen. Serviez, a French officer who became Bolívar’s aide-de-camp and was assassinated in 1816. The text after page 251 was supposedly completed by the General’s assistant, José Maria Córdoba. Other scholars have indicated that the entire work is a plagiarism of Lallemant’s Historia de Colombia, and that the attribution to Gen. Serviez is the work of the French officer’s relative, novelist Alfred Emmanuel Roergas de Serviez.

Questions of authorship aside, it is known that Serviez served as an officer un-der Napoleon and was wounded in the French war against Spain. Afterwards he took refuge with the wife of a French general in England, travelled to the United States, and eventually made his way to Venezuela, where he devoted himself to the cause of independence for the Latin American republics. In addition to recounting Serviez’s experiences before arriving in South America, L’Aide de Camp... provides

much information about Bolívar and the fight for independence through the early constitutional period, focusing on the northern portion of South America, particu-larly present-day Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador.

A rare account of Latin American independence, OCLC records four copies in the United States.

PALAU 4226. OCLC 24624874. $2000.

137. [United States-Mexico Treaty]: PRIMERA SECRETARIA DE ES-TADO. DEPARTAMENTO DEL ESTERIOR. EL ESCMO. SR. PRESIDENTE...EL DECRETO...UN TRATADO DE AMISTAD, COMERCIO Y NAVEGACION ENTRE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS Y LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMERICA.... [Mex-ico. 1832]. 21pp., printed in double columns in parallel English and Spanish. Folio. Gathered signatures, stitched. A couple tears slightly affecting text, bit spotted, a couple worm holes in blank margin. Else good.

This is the second treaty between Mexico and the United States, negotiated in 1831 and ratified in Mexico on Dec. 1, 1832. The Mexican government refused to conclude a treaty of amity and commerce until a boundary treaty was concluded, and that treaty, negotiated in 1828, was ratified the same day. The clauses are fairly standard for such a commercial treaty, with the interesting addition of a clause by which the powers agree not to incite hostile Indians to attack each other. Since Texas was then a part of Mexico, this treaty applies to trade with Texas as well, but Streeter fails to note a Mexican printing of the treaty, only listing the Congres-sional printing.

STREETER SALE 231. $750.

Regulating Bolivian Mines

138. [Bolivia]: COLECCION DE SUPREMOS DECRETOS Y DETER-MINACIONES PARA EL BUEN GOBIERNO Y RÉJIMEN DEL IMPORTANTE RAMO DE MINERÍA DE LA REPÚBLICA. AÑO DE 1833. Chuquisaca: Tipografia de Chuquisaca, 1833. [2],33pp. In Spanish. Pages 17 and 21 reversed due to printer’s error. Small folio. Gathered signa-tures, stitched. Contemporary ink ownership inscription (“Señor Dn. Manuel Capiede [?]”) and later clerical ink inscription (“RM No 694”) in upper margin of titlepage. Ink ownership stamp on titlepage and final page. Light marginal staining on outer leaves. A very good copy.

A very rare collection of the founding documents of Bolivia’s “Tribunal Jeneral de Minería,” the mining tribunal created by President Andrés de Santa Cruz in 1829. The tribunal was established after years of conflict in Bolivia’s fight for independence from Spain and early internal struggles that left its important mines in a state of disrepair. The present document contains presidential decrees from Santa Cruz and

numerous communications from the Minister of State from 1829 to 1833 and the by-laws of the Tribunal, approved Sept. 4, 1830. The by-laws, a major portion of the document, are largely concerned with the different forms of labor at Bolivia’s mines. No copies found in Palau or listed by OCLC.

RENÉ-MORENO, BIBLIOTECA BOLIVIANA 694. $1000.

139. Guzman, Jose Maria: BREVE NOTICIA QUE DA AL SUPREMO GOBIERNO, DEL ACTUAL ESTADO DEL TERRITORIO DE LA ALTA CALIFORNIA, Y MEDIOS QUE PROPONE PARA LA ILUSTRACION Y COMERCIO EN AQUEL PAIS.... Mexico. 1833. 8pp. plus large folding table. Plain paper wrappers. Text lightly mildewed, as typical. A good copy. In a thicker half green morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt.

One of the most important California works from the Mexican period. The fold-ing table provides population and crop statistics for the California missions. San Francisco had a population of 361 at the time. “Guzman, head of the Franciscan College of San Fernando at Mexico City, was well informed of the activities of the Franciscan missions in Alta California and his report and recommendations on the economy of the region are of great interest” – Streeter.

STREETER SALE 2467. GRAFF 1696. COWAN, p.254. $1750.

First Mexican Treaty with Chile

140. [Mexico-Chile Treaty]: PRIMERA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO. DEPARTAMENTO DESL ESTERIOR. EL VICE-PRESIDENTE DE LOS ESTADOS-UNIDOS MEXICANOS...UN TRATADO DE AMISTAD, COMERCIO Y NAVEGACION ENTRE LOS ESTA-DOS-UNIDOS MEXICANOS Y LA REPUBLICA DE CHILE.... [Mexico. 1833]. [4]pp. Folio. Dbd. Very good.

The first treaty between Mexico and Chile, and the second between Mexico and a South American power, after Gran Colombia in 1825. The treaty was ratified on Oct. 1, 1833. $500.

141. [Peru]: EL PERU Y LOS ESTRANGEROS. Valparaiso: Imprenta del Mercurio, 1833. 47pp. 16mo. Later 19th-century Spanish marbled sheep, raised bands, leather labels. Unobtrusive private library stamp on front free endpaper. A very good copy.

A defense of Peruvian patriotism and of Peru’s policies toward Chile and Bolivia. The unnamed author confronts the issue of Peruvian hatred of foreigners and re-sulting aggressions towards Chile and Bolivia. At the time the three nations were in a near constant state of revolutionary turmoil, characterized by rebellion factions

and intermittent power struggles. This work is critical of the leadership of Agustin Gamarra, whose term as president was drawing to a close in 1833. A rare and early Valparaiso imprint. Not in Palau nor the NUC. $600.

One of the Most Important Accountsof Pre-Revolutionary Texas

142. Almonte, Juan: NOTICIA ESTADISTICA SOBRE TEJAS. Mex-ico: Ignacio Cumplido, 1835. 96pp. plus three folding tables and two index leaves. 16mo. Original publisher’s printed wrappers. Wrappers dampstained and soiled, spine partially perished. Later blue pencil inscription in Spanish on p.10 noting that in 1900 there were 3,000,050 inhabitants in Texas. Moderate soiling on initial ten leaves, a few other light instances of soiling. A very good copy. In a half morocco and cloth box, spine gilt.

According to Streeter, “The Noticia Estadistica is based on a visit made to Texas by Almonte in the spring of 1834, at the order of the Mexican government, to hear the complaints of the Texans and to gain time for the government to devote its attention to Texas matters...Almonte arrived at Nacogdoches by way of New Orleans in May, 1834, and had reached Monclava on the way back to Mexico City in September, 1834. His work was published in February, 1835...It is an invaluable account of Texas as it appeared to an intelligent observer in 1834.”

A rare and important work, being the most complete observations by a Mexican official on the situation in Texas on the eve of the Revolution.

RADER 125. RAINES, p.8. STREETER TEXAS 816. BASIC TEXAS BOOKS 2. HOWES

A186. $15,000.

Giving the Vote to Delegates from California

143. [California]: Barragan, Miguel: PRIMERA SECRETARIA DE ES-TADO. DEPARTAMENTO DEL INTERIOR. EL EXMO. SR. PRESIDENTE...SE HA SERVIDO DIRIGIRME EL DECRETO QUE SIGUE...QUE EL CONGRESO GENERAL...LOS DIPUTA-DOS DE LA ALTA Y BAJA CALIFORNIA.... Mexico. October 26, 1835. Broadside on a folio sheet, 11¾ x 8¼ inches. Near fine. In a half calf and cloth folding box, spine gilt.

A scarce and significant broadside in the political history of California. This decree states that deputies from Alta and Baja California will have a voice and a vote in making decrees in the Mexican Congress. Jose Manuel Moreno, Jose R. Malo, and Atenogenes Castillero are named members of the California deputation. This decree was issued by the Mexican president, Miguel Barragan, and is signed in print by Manuel Diez de Bonilla. Just over a year after this decree was made, disgruntled “Californios” led by Juan Alvarado and Mariano Vallejo rebelled against the central Mexican authority and declared California a free and independent state. We are

able to locate only three copies of this rare broadside, at the Bancroft Library, the University of California, San Diego, and Brigham Young University.

OCLC 367539791, 83920830, 21637000. $2000.

144. Gonzalez, Jose Miguel: [Ecuador]: PRUEBAS Y DOCUMENTOS CON QUE JOSE MIGUEL GONZALEZ DESVANECE LAS IM-PUTACIONES, CON QUE HAN PRETENDIDO MANCILLAR SU REPUTACION LOS SENORES JOSE MARIA URBINA Y DOR. JOSE FELIX VALDIVIESO. Quito: Imprenta de gobierno por T. Campanzano, 1838. [2],32pp. Folio. Dbd. Minor soiling to first two leaves; very light, even toning. Very good.

A refutation made by Gonzalez of the accusations made against him by Jose Maria Urbina and Dr. Jose Felix Valdivieso. Gonzalez was the minister of the interior in Ecuador under Vicente Rocafuerte, Ecuador’s second president (1834-39). Both Urbina and Valdivieso were exiled for their political views; both returned to Ec-uador in 1839, after the end of Rocafuerte’s presidency. No copies are located on OCLC. $750.

145. [Bolivia]: VIVA LA RESTAURACION. CANCION AL 17 DE SE-TIEMBRE [caption title]. Cochabamba. 1841. Broadside, 8¼ x 10½ inches. Some staining, extremities chipped, creased. Good.

A delightful political song glorifying Bolivian independence from Peru: “O libertar tu patria del tirano, Que perpetuar queria su dominio, Subyugando a la hija de Bolívar, A la sombra de atroces asesinos.” $300.

146. Alaman, D. Lucas: DISERTACIONES SOBRE LA HISTORIA DE LA REPUBLICA MEGICANA. Mexico. 1844-1849. Three volumes: [4], vii,[1],270,[2],30,[4],226,8; [4],325,[1],22,[1],138,13,[2]; [4],392,116,[1]pp., plus thirty-seven plates (one colored), three folding facsimiles, and a double-page map. Half title in each volume. Contemporary half green calf and marbled boards, spines gilt. Boards edgeworn, hinges rubbed. Scattered light foxing. With the bookplate of the Bibliotheca Lindesiana on the front pastedown of each volume. A very good set.

An important history of Mexico, covering the years from the first European encounter and conquest up to the period of Mexican independence. The text is supplemented by appendices containing valuable documentary information, as well as the many plates showing important figures in Mexican history. Lucas Alaman was a contro-versial figure in 19th-century Mexico. A scientist, politician, historian, diplomat, and writer, he was conservative by nature and expressed a nostalgia for monarchic rule. He was an influential politician in the early years of the Mexican Republic and favored a strong central government. Alaman was also instrumental in creating

the Mexican national archives. Along with its comprehensiveness, Alaman’s history is also notable for its favorable view of the Spanish presence in Mexico.

PALAU 4573. SABIN 580. $2500.

Demise of the Union of Central America

147. [Central American Union]: [Milla, Jose D.]: OBSERVACIONES SOBRE EL DISCURSO PRONUNCIADO POR EL BACHILLER JOSE D. MILLA, EN EL ANIVERSARIO DE LA INDEPENDEN-CIA DE CENTRO-AMERICA [wrapper title]. Guatemala: Imprenta de la Aurora, 1846. 11pp. Original printed wrappers. Small closed tear in front wrapper, wrappers a bit soiled and wrinkled. Very good.

A rare pamphlet carrying on the debate in the aftermath of the demise of the Federal Republic of Central America. The Central American state was formed in 1823, and was a federation consisting of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Political liberals in the region hoped the state would evolve into a modern, democratic nation, enriched by trans-isthmian trade. Opposed by con-servatives, the federation fell into civil war in the late 1830s, and dissolved in the early 1840s. Jose Milla y Vidaurre, a prominent Guatemalan man of letters, made a discourse on the fate of the Federal Republic, which is answered in this anonymous pamphlet, attributed only to “un Militar.” Apparently not in Palau. OCLC locates only a single copy, at the University of Texas. Rare.

OCLC 20039117. $750.

Annex Cuba!

148. [Betancourt Cisneros, Gaspar]: THOUGHTS UPON THE INCOR-PORATION OF CUBA INTO THE AMERICAN CONFEDERA-TION, IN CONTRA-POSITION TO THOSE PUBLISHED BY DON JOSE ANTONIO SACO [caption title]. New York. 1849. [2], 30pp. Original plain yellow wrappers. Wrappers a bit chipped and soiled. Contemporary notation and later ink stamp on front cover. Light foxing and dampstaining. About very good.

First edition in English of a pamphlet urging “liberation” of Cuba. The first edition in Spanish was purported to be published in Havana in 1849; in reality, however, the Spanish copies were printed in New York by the newspaper, La Verdad, and clandestinely distributed in Cuba. Eberstadt’s note on this pamphlet (regarding this copy) reads: “A reply to Saco’s pamphlet of the same title by an anonymous Patriot who requested La Verdad to publish a few copies in English for American editors. This copy marked in manuscript for the ‘Evening Post’.” La Verdad was an enthusiastic supporter of the Lopez plot to seize Cuba and make it another slave state. The editor of the paper, Jane Cazneau, wrote most of the copy for the paper,

and was a strong proponent of annexing both Mexico and Cuba. She may well have been the translator of this text. The present English edition is not in Palau, Sabin, or other standard sources. Only a handful of copies are listed on OCLC.

PALAU 28773 (ref ). EBERSTADT 167:176 (this copy). OCLC 3717095, 79007943. $750.

An Important Account of Filibusterers in Cuba, 1850

149. Hardy, Richardson, Lieut.: THE HISTORY AND ADVENTURES OF THE CUBAN EXPEDITION, FROM THE FIRST MOVE-MENTS DOWN TO THE DISPERSION OF THE ARMY AT KEY WEST, AND THE ARREST OF GENERAL LOPEZ. ALSO: AN ACCOUNT OF THE TEN DESERTERS AT ISLA DE MUGERES. Cincinnati: Published by Lorenzo Stratton, 1850. 94pp. printed in double-column format, plus [1]p. booksellers’ advertisement. Original printed wrap-pers. Wrappers worn at edges, two small holes in front wrapper through to p.11. Light dampstain through top half. Withal, very good.

In the wake of the Mexican War, numerous American expansionists cast covetous eyes on old colonial possessions in the Americas. At the top of the list was Cuba, still held by Spain, with the potential of being, in the eyes of the filibusterers, the richest of the southern states. A number of American adventurers joined the exiled Gen. Narciso Lopez in attempting to invade and seize Cuba in 1850, launching their expedition from New Orleans. Many of those Americans, like the author of the present pamphlet, Richardson Hardy, were Mexican War veterans. “This ac-count by Lt. Hardy of the Kentucky Battalion, is the best source for the Cardenas expedition, though the author displays strong dislike for certain of his comrades. Also contains reports by Col. O’Hara [and others]” – Eberstadt. The Spanish managed to crush the invasion, and many Americans lost their lives. Hardy was one of the lucky survivors.

A rare work, the NUC locates four copies (DLC, OC, PHi, PPL). Yale also has a copy. Sabin errs in ascribing a date of 1856 to this pamphlet, as there is only this 1850 edition.

HOWES H193. SABIN 30356. EBERSTADT 133:54. $2250.

The Real Jack Aubrey

150. Dundonald, Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of: NARRATIVE OF SER-VICES IN THE LIBERATION OF CHILI, PERU, AND BRAZIL, FROM SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE DOMINATION. London: James Ridgway, 1859. Two volumes. xxii,293; xi,305pp. Original blue pebbled cloth. Spine ends darkened and lightly worn. Front hinge of first volume tender. Moderate age-toning, occasional foxing. Very good.

Dundonald had an almost impossibly romantic life, one of the most effective English naval officers of the Napoleonic era, and the model for the fictional Capt.

Jack Aubrey of “Master and Commander” fame. From an ancient Scottish family, he had a distinguished career in the Royal Navy until expelled in 1818 on the false accusation of stock market fraud. He left for South America, becoming the com-mander of the Chilean Navy from 1819 to 1822 during their war of independence from Spain. From 1823 to 1825 he occupied a similar position in the Brazilian navy before returning to Europe to fight for Greek independence. He was later reinstated in the Royal Navy and became a rear admiral.

The first volume of this work is devoted to Dundonald’s Chilean years, and the second volume relates the Brazilian period. Besides his naval efforts, there is much on the politics of the period in both countries. A fascinating narrative by a man frequently mentioned by other Pacific mariners of the period.

SABIN 21274. NAYLOR 6. DNB IV, pp.621-31. $2750.

151. Santacilia, Pedro: LECCIONES ORALES SOBRE LA HISTORIA DE CUBA, PRONUNCIADAS EN EL ATENEO DEMOCRATICO CUBANO DE NUEVA YORK. Nueva-Orleans: Imprenta de Luis Eduardo del Cristo, 1859. xi,220pp. Later black morocco and contemporary marbled boards, spine gilt. Boards worn along edges and extremities. Light scattered foxing and dampstaining. Bookplates of noted collectors Oscar Benjamin Cin-tas and Alberto Parreño on front pastedown. Very good.

The author was a Cuban national who came to New York in 1853 as an exile. He later travelled to Mexico to join the liberal ranks during the War of Reform, joining the government of the new Republic in the 1860s. Eight lectures are included, in which Santacilia examines Cuba’s history with a critical eye towards Spanish rule.

PALAU 299379. SWANN PARREÑO SALE, 1978, lot 1358 (this copy). $500.

The Cuban War for Independence

152. [Cuba]: Aguilera y Zayas, Gabriel: A LOS HABITANTES DE CAL-ABAZAR, CEJA DE PABLO, QUEMADO DE GIIINES Y RAN-CHO VELOZ [caption title]. [Cuba]. Sept. 18, 1878. Broadside, 12½ x 8¾ inches. Chip in upper left corner, not affecting text. Small tears in all edges, several repaired by tape on verso. Good.

A rare and fascinating Cuban political broadside calling for an end to armed struggle but a beginning to a “struggle for ideas” at the conclusion of Cuba’s “Ten Years’ War,” the battle for independence from Spain that lasted between 1868 and 1878. The broadside is addressed to the residents of the region around the north-central coast of Cuba, some 150 miles east of Havana. The text of the broadside is signed in print by Gabriel Aguilera y Zayas, Secretary of the Partido Union Constitucional (PUC), one of the two main political parties that developed out of the Ten Years’ War. The PUC, which was a conservative pro-Spanish party led by prominent Creoles, sought a measure of local political autonomy while favoring continued Spanish control over Cuba. The text exhorts Cubans to partake in the ideological

struggle that would succeed the armed rebellion, and urges them not to fall into lethargy but to continue the battle of ideas against radicals seeking independence from Spanish colonial rule.

Due to their ephemeral nature, as well as the climate of the Caribbean, any such Cuban broadsides are scarce. No copies of this broadside are located on OCLC. Important evidence of the political factionalism and the strength of pro-Spanish sentiment in Cuba in the late 19th century. Rare, and possibly unique. $1250.

153. [Cuba and Puerto Rico]: NEW CONSTITUTION ESTABLISH-ING SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE ISLANDS OF CUBA AND PORTO RICO...WITH COMMENTS BY CUBAN AUTONO-MISTS ON THE SCOPE OF THE PLAN AND ITS LIBERAL-ITY AS COMPARED WITH CANADIAN AUTONOMY AND

FEDERAL STATE RIGHTS. New York. 1898. 74,[1]pp. Modern half morocco, original printed wrappers bound in. Some wear to binding, old shelf label. Old stamp on front wrapper and titlepage. Else internally clean. Good.

Official English translation of the preamble and the royal decree establishing new autonomous constitutions for Cuba and Puerto Rico. With interesting commentary by Cuban “autonomists.” $400.

qIndex

(with item numbers)

argentIna – 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 44, 47, 48, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 63, 66, 69, 82, 87, 98, 103, 109, 110, 119, 134

arIzona – 88Bolívar, SImón – 83, 131, 136BolIvIa – 116, 138, 145BrazIl – 82, 105, 128, 150BrItISh InterventIon – 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 66, 67, 72, 75calIFornIa – 120, 121, 139, 143carIBBean – 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 42, 49, 58, 96, 130, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153chIle – 41, 59, 71, 82, 85, 105, 119, 133, 140, 150colomBIa – 63, 67, 89, 101, 111, 113, 122, 124, 136cuBa – 42, 49, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153ecuador – 136, 144FlorIda – 8, 39, 43, 45, 50, 60, 65, 73, 81, 86guadeloupe – 6guatemala – 52, 147 guyana – 104haItI – 1, 3, 7, 68louISIana – 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 27, 28, 31, 32, 38, 40, 46, 57martInIque – 2 mexIco – 51, 52, 53, 58, 79, 84, 90, 91, 92, 93, 99, 100, 102, 108, 112, 114, 115,

123, 125, 126, 129, 132, 135, 137, 139, 140, 142, 143, 146new mexIco – 88paraguay – 118peru – 5, 18, 30, 77, 78, 82, 94, 95, 97, 105, 106, 107, 117, 119, 127, 131, 133, 134,

141, 150puerto rIco – 15, 96, 153San martIn, JoSé – 80, 134texaS – 17, 60, 86, 102, 126, 142trInIdad – 76unrecorded ImprIntS – 3, 35, 71, 106uruguay – 22, 119venezuela – 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 63, 67, 72, 75, 76, 83, 136

Frequently cIted reFerenceS

Abbey – Travel in Aquatint and Lithography 1770 – 1860... London. 1956-57. 2 vols.Adams Herd – Adams, Ramon F.: The Rampaging Herd.... Norman. [1959].Adams Six-Guns – Adams, Ramon F.: ...Six-Guns and Saddle Leather...New Edition... [Nor-

man. 1969].American Controversy – Adams, Thomas R: The American Controversy.... Providence/N.Y.

1980. 2 vols.AII (State) – American Imprints Inventory. These were compiled for many early imprints by

state as a WPA program in the 1930s, and remain basic references.American Independence – Adams, Thomas R.: American Independence.... New Haven: Reese

Co. 1980.Bell – The James Ford Bell Library...Catalogue. Boston. 1981.Borba de Moraes – Borba de Moraes, Rubens: Bibliographia Brasilian...1504 to 1900.... Rio

de Janeiro. 1983. 2 vols. Revised and enlarged edition.Church – Church, Elijah D. A Catalogue of...a Part of the Library of E.D. Church. N.Y. 1907.

5 vols.Clark – Clark, Thomas D.: Travels in the Old South.... Norman. [1956]. 3 vols.Clark, New South – Clark, Thomas D.: Travels in the New South.... Norman. 1962. 2 vols.Cowan – Cowan, Robert E. and Robert G.: A Bibliography of the History of California.... S.F.

1933. 2nd edition.DAB – Dictionary of American Biography.... N.Y. 1928-37. 21 vols.De Renne – Catalogue of the Wymberley Jones De Renne Georgia Library.... Wormsloe. 1931. 3 vols.Decker – Peter Decker’s Catalogues of Americana...22 [- 50], 1944 [- 1963].... Austin. 1979. 3 vols.DNB – Dictionary of National Biography.... London. 1908-12. 24 vols.Eberstadt – The Annotated Eberstadt Catalogs of Americana.... N.Y. 1965. 4 vols.European Americana – European Americana...1493 – 1750. N.Y. & New Canaan. 1980- . 6 vols.Evans – Evans, Charles: American Bibliography...[American imprints before 1801]. Chicago.

1903-34/55. 14 vols.Field – Field, Thomas W.: An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography.... New Haven: Reese

Co., 1991.Gephart – Gephart, Ronald M.: Revolutionary America.... Washington. 1984. 2 vols.Graff – Storm, Colton: A Catalogue of the Everett D. Graff Collection.... Chicago. 1968.Grolier American 100 – One Hundred Influential American Books.... N.Y. 1947.Hill – The Hill Collection of Pacific Voyages.... New Haven & Sydney. 2004.Howes – Howes, Wright: U.S.iana (1650 – 1950).... New York. 1962. 2nd edition.In Tall Cotton – Harwell, Richard B.: In Tall Cotton The 200 Most Important Confederate

Books.... Austin. 1978.JCB – Bibliotheca Americana A Catalogue of Books...in the Library of John Carter Brown....

Providence. 1919. 5 vols.Jenkins – Jenkins, John H.: Basic Texas Books.... Austin. [1988].Jones – Adventures in Americana...a Selection of Books from the Library of Herschel V. Jones....

N.Y. 1928/38. 3 vols. incl. checklist.Kress – The Kress Library of Business and Economics Catalogue.... Boston. [1940/67]. 5 vols.Kurutz – Kurutz, Gary: The California Gold Rush...1848-1853. S.F. 1997.Lada-Mocarski – Lada-Mocarski, Valerian: Bibliography of Books on Alaska.... New Haven. 1969.Lande – The Lawrence Lande Collection of Canadiana.... Montreal. 1965/71. 2 vols.Low - Low, Susanne M.: A Guide to Audubon’s Birds of aMerica.... New Haven & New

York. 2002.

Meisel – Meisel, Max: A Bibliography of American Natural History.... N.Y. 1967. 3 vols.Monaghan – Monaghan, Frank: French Travellers in the United States.... N.Y. 1933.NUC – The National Union Catalogue. Mansell. 1968-81. 752 vols.Palau – Palau y Dulcet, Antonio: Manual del librero Hispano-Americano.... Barcelona. 1948-90.

28 vols. plus 7 vols. index and addenda vol.Parrish & Willingham – Parrish, T. Michael, and Robert M. Willingham, Jr.: Confederate

Imprints.... Austin. [1987].Phillips Atlases – Phillips, Philip L.: A List of Geographical Atlases in the Library of Congress....

Washington. 1909-20/1958-74. 8 vols. incl. vols. 5-8 by Clara Le Gear.Pilling – Pilling, James C.: Proof-Sheets...American Indian Languages. Washington. 1885.Reese, Stamped with a National Character – Reese, William S., Stamped with a National

Character: Nineteenth Century American Color Plate Books. An Exhibition. New York. 1999. Rink – Rink, Evald: Technical Americana.... Millwood, N.Y. [1981].Rittenhouse – Rittenhouse, Jack D.: The Santa Fe Trail. Albuquerque. [1971].Rosenbach – The Collected Catalogues of Dr. A.S.W. Rosenbach.... New York. [1967]. 10 vols.Sabin – Sabin, Joseph: A Dictionary of Books Relating to America.... N.Y. 1868-1936. 29 vols.Schwartz & Ehrenberg – Schwartz, Seymour I., and Ralph E. Ehrenberg: The Mapping of

America. N.Y. [1980].Servies – Servies, James A.: A Bibliography of Florida.... Pensacola. 1993.Shaw & Shoemaker – Shaw, Ralph R., and Richard H. Shoemaker: Americana Bibliography....

[continued as:] ...American Imprints.... N.Y. 1958-97. 45 vols.Shipton & Mooney – Shipton, Clifford K., and James E. Mooney: National Index of American

Imprints...the Short-Title Evans.... [Worcester]. 1969. 2 vols.Six-Score – Reese, William S.: Six Score the 120 Best Books on the Range Cattle Industry. New

Haven: Reese Co., 1989.Spear – Spear, Dorothea N.: Bibliography of American Directories.... Worcester. 1961.Streeter Sale – The Celebrated Collection of Americana formed by the Late Thomas Winthrop

Streeter.... N.Y. 1966-70. 8 vols.Streeter Texas – Streeter, Thomas W.: Bibliography of Texas.... Cambridge. 1955-60. 5 vols.Taxonomic Literature – Stafleu, Frans A., and Richard S. Cowan: Taxonomic Literature....

Utrecht. 1976-88. 7 vols.Tourville – Tourville, Elsie A.: Alaska, A Bibliography.... Boston. 1974.TPL – Staton, Frances M., and Marie Tremaine: A Bibliography of Canadiana...in the Public

Library of Toronto.... Toronto. 1934-85. 3 vols.Vail – Vail, R.W.G.: The Voice of the Old Frontier. Philadelphia. 1949.Wagner-Camp – Wagner, Henry R., and Charles L. Camp (ed. by Robert Becker): The Plains

& the Rockies...Fourth Edition.... S.F. 1982.Wagner – Wagner, Henry R.: The Spanish Southwest.... N.Y. 1967. 2 vols. 2nd edition.Wheat Gold Rush – Wheat, Carl I.: Books of the California Gold Rush.... S.F. 1949.Wheat Transmississippi – Wheat, Carl I.: 1540 – 1861 Mapping the Transmississippi West....

S.F. 1957-63. 6 vols.Zamorano 80 – The Zamorano 80.... Los Angeles. 1945.