TAKS Science Exit Exam Review Objective Three:

The Interdependence of Organisms and The Environment

(Biology)

PlantsPlants have three organ systems• Roots: absorb water and mineral,

and anchors plants to the ground• Stem: supports leaves and branches• Xylem and Phloem run like a

plumbing system through the stem and connects roots to the leaves

• Leaves: main organs of plants that conduct photosynthesis:• intercepts sunlight, captures

carbon dioxide, and stores energy in the form of glucose

• releases oxygen into the air in a process called transpiration

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

• The chloroplast in plants use the energy in sunlight to make a sugar called glucose. Plants energy from glucose.

• Animals get energy from eating plants or eating animals that eat plants.

• The process by which cells break down glucose (a sugar) to produce energy

Six Kingdoms• Population: a group of organisms that belong to the same species• Species: a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding and

producing fertile offspring

Ecosystems• An interactive system that includes the physical environment

and the organisms that live there

Evolution• Natural Selection: Individual organisms have differences or

variations-factors such as environment, food, or space can make one variation more favorable than another. Over time, the population will have individuals with more favorable variations.

• Evolution: evolution occurs when the genetic make-up of a population changes over time due to natural selection