ATP

ATP & ADP ATP: _______________________________________

___________________+ __________________+ 3 ________________________

________________________________________, only stores energy for a few minutes

Source of all cell energy – “__________________” of the cell; _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Adenine Ribose3 Phosphate groups

ATP – ADP CYCLE When one ____________________________________, energy for cell work is __________

________ can reform into ___________ by bonding another __________________ group

ADP: ________________________________________

_______________+ _____________+ 2 ______________

Molecule that results _________________________________________________

ADP ATP

Energy

Energy

Partiallychargedbattery

Fullychargedbattery

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

How do cells use energy in How do cells use energy in ATP?ATP?

When the When the _________________________________________, the _________________________________________, the cell can use the cell can use the ___________________________________________for ___________________________________________for different processes:different processes: In photosynthesis, for _____________________In photosynthesis, for _____________________ ______________________________________ - such ______________________________________ - such

as enzymes, cell membrane components, as enzymes, cell membrane components, organelles, etc.organelles, etc.

to maintain homeostasis, transmit nerve to maintain homeostasis, transmit nerve impulses, move cilia, remove wastes, etc.impulses, move cilia, remove wastes, etc.

ATP –ADP cycle in cellsATP –ADP cycle in cells In _________________________________________: In _________________________________________:

ATP is _________________________ during ATP is _________________________ during ____________________________________________________________________________________________

ATP is ____________ during ATP is ____________ during ____________________________________________to ____________________________________________to make _______________and sustain plant cell make _______________and sustain plant cell functionsfunctions

In ___________________________________________: In ___________________________________________: ATP is ___________________ when ATP is ___________________ when

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ATP is ________ to ___________________________ATP is ________ to ___________________________

Overview PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis: process using energy from sunlight to convert water and CO2 into oxygen and carbohydrates (sugar)Two parts:Light dependent reactions: produce O2 & converts ADP to ATPCalvin cycle (dark reactions): use ATP from light reactions to produce sugars

Light Energy

CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2

Chloroplast

Chlorophyll: green pigment in cells that absorbs blue & red light energy

Moves energy to electrons that drive reactions

FORMULA:

CO2 + H2O --- C6H12O6 + O2

Chloroplast

Chloroplast

Light-Dependent Reactions

CalvinCycle

Sugars

Overview cellular respirationRespiration: process that releases energy by breaking down food when oxygen is presentFormula:C6H12O6 + O2 --- CO2 + H2O

Fermentation: respiration without oxygen present

Two types:

Alcoholic: form ethyl alcohol and CO2 as waste products; used to make bread rise

Lactic acid: produces lactic acid in muscles when exercising without enough oxygen

How photosynthesis & respiration relate.

Almost opposite processes

Photosynthesis produce food (store)

Respiration breaks down food (releases)

Photosynthesis uses CO2 and releases O2

Respiration releases CO2 and uses O2

Quiz 4

1. The formula CO2 + H2O --- C6H12O6 + O2 is the formula for ? a. photosynthesis b. respiration

2. ___ is the process which breaks down food molecules to release energy and takes place in the mitochondria.

a. photosynthesis b. digestion c. respiration

3. ___ is formed when ATP releases a phosphate.

a. ADP b. AMP c. APP

4. Fermentation is a form of ___ respiration which occurs without the presence of oxygen.

a. aerobic b. anaerobic c. antioxidant

5. The green pigment which is present in plant cells and allows them to go through photosynthesis is ___.

a. chlorophyll b. chloroplast c. chlorosis