Ch 13 Respiratory SystemCh 13 Respiratory System

PPT 1PPT 1

Organs of the Respiratory systemOrgans of the Respiratory systemOrgans of the Respiratory systemOrgans of the Respiratory system

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

“Left” and “Right” refers to the person’s right or left!!!

NOT the way you look at them!!!!

Physiology of System& Terminology

Physiology of System& Terminology

Physiology: Purify, moistens, and warm incoming airPhysiology: Purify, moistens, and warm incoming air

External respiration- Gas exchange between outside and blood

Ventilation- inhalation & exhalation

Respiratory gas transport in blood

Internal respiration- gas exchange between blood and cells

Nasal CavityNasal CavityNostrils- allow air in and outNostrils- allow air in and out

(Septum- separates nostrils)

•Mucosa membrane lining

•-olfactory receptors

•-ciliated cells & hairs

•Contains Paranasal sinuses

Paranasal SinusesParanasal Sinuses Hollow cavities inside skull Lightens skull Resonance chambers for speech

Hollow cavities inside skull Lightens skull Resonance chambers for speech

PharynxPharynx

Aka Throat (13 cm)

(food and air)

Aka Throat (13 cm)

(food and air)

Includes tonsils- adenoids, palatine, and lingual(located on next slide)

**Tonsils are part of lymphatic system (not respiratory)

Slide 13.3bSlide

13.3bCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Figure 13.2

Upper Respiratory TractUpper Respiratory TractUpper Respiratory TractUpper Respiratory Tract

LarynxLarynxAKA voicebox(routes air & food to proper channels)

AKA voicebox(routes air & food to proper channels)

Thyroid Cartilages (hyaline)-forms Adam’s apple

Epiglottis- active when swallowing…”keeper of the airway”

Vocal cords

TracheaTracheaAKA windpipeAKA windpipe

Mucosa membrane lining

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Hyaline cartilage rings – prevent collapse

Heimlich maneuver

BronchiBronchi

“Tubes” into lungs“Tubes” into lungs

Right & Left Primary Bronchus

Hyaline cartilage rings

Start of “bronchial tree”

Bronchial treeBronchial tree

LungsLungsSerosa membrane around lungs(visceral pleura & parietal pleura)Serosa membrane around lungs(visceral pleura & parietal pleura)

Contain Bronchioles- primary, secondary, tertiary, terminal (rest of bronchial tree)

Lobes- 2 on left, 3 on right

Surfactant secreting cells lowers surface tension of the film of water lining each alveoli sac

LungsLungsLungsLungs

Slide 13.12b

Slide 13.12b

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Figure 13.4b

Bronchial TreeBronchial Tree

Respiratory Tree in LungsRespiratory Tree in Lungs

Bronchial TreeBronchial Tree

Respiratory Tree in LungsRespiratory Tree in Lungs

Slide 13.12b

Slide 13.12b

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

BronchiolesBronchiolesBronchiolesBronchioles

Slide 13.15a

Slide 13.15a

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Figure 13.5a

Smallest branches of the bronchi

Terminal bronchioles end in alveoli

AlveoliAlveoliAlveoliAlveoli

Slide 13.15c

Slide 13.15c

Alveolar duct

Alveolar sac

Alveoli (indiv. bulbs)

The site of gas exchange (external respiration)

Figure 13.5a

Let’s Summarize!Let’s Summarize!On a piece of paper, trace the pathway of an oxygen

molecule through the respiratory system from start (#1 - mouth) to end (#10 - alveoli).

On a piece of paper, trace the pathway of an oxygen molecule through the respiratory system from start (#1 - mouth) to end (#10 - alveoli).

Word/Structure Bank

•Larynx

•Pharynx

•Trachea

•Oral cavity

•Mouth

•Alveolus

•Primary Bronchi

•Air Sac

•Bronchioles (secondary, tertiary, and terminal)

•Air Duct

__ Nasal Cavity

__ Paranasal Sinuses

__ Pharynx

__ Larynx

__ Trachea

__ Bronchi

__ Bronchioles

__ Alveoli

__ Lung

__ Nasal Cavity

__ Paranasal Sinuses

__ Pharynx

__ Larynx

__ Trachea

__ Bronchi

__ Bronchioles

__ Alveoli

__ Lung

A. Multiple lobes, contains “bronchial tree”

B. Hollow spaces, resonance chambers for sound

C. Very Thin! Site of external respiration (gas exchange)

D. Where air enters

E. Smaller branches of bronchi (secondary, tertiary, etc.)

F. “throat” & includes tonsils

G. “voice box” contains epiglottis & vocal cords

H. Beginning of bronchial tree, contains hyaline cartilage

I. “wind pipe”, pseudostratified Cilliated Columnar epitheliun, hyaline cartilage rings

Respiratory MembraneRespiratory MembraneSimple squamous epithelium of alveoliSimple squamous epithelium of alveoli

Diffusion of O2 from alveoli into blood

Simple squamous epithelium of capillary

Diffusion of CO2 from blood into alveoli

Respiratory Membrane Respiratory Membrane (Air-Blood Barrier)(Air-Blood Barrier)Respiratory Membrane Respiratory Membrane (Air-Blood Barrier)(Air-Blood Barrier)

Slide 13.18b

Slide 13.18b

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Figure 13.6

Pathway of respiratory

gases

Pathway of respiratory

gases

Respiratory PhysiologyRespiratory Physiology

Pulmonary Ventilation- Inhalation- O2 from outside into respiratory system

Pulmonary Ventilation- Inhalation- O2 from outside into respiratory system

(Pathway)- nasal cavity to alveoli in lungs

Respiratory physiologyRespiratory physiology

External Respiration- O2 diffuses from alveoli into blood (across respiratory membrane) External Respiration- O2 diffuses from alveoli into blood (across respiratory membrane)

Internal RespirationExternal RespirationExternal Respiration

O2 from Alveoli Blood

Respiratory PhysiologyRespiratory PhysiologyRespiratory Gas Transport- O2 carried (by Fe of

hemoglobin in RBC’s of blood) to body cellsRespiratory Gas Transport- O2 carried (by Fe of

hemoglobin in RBC’s of blood) to body cells

Respiratory physiologyRespiratory physiologyInternal Respiration-

-O2 (needed for aerobic cellular

respiration) diffuses from blood into body cells

- CO2 (toxic waste product from

aerobic cellular respiration) diffuses from body cells into blood

Internal Respiration-

-O2 (needed for aerobic cellular

respiration) diffuses from blood into body cells

- CO2 (toxic waste product from

aerobic cellular respiration) diffuses from body cells into blood

AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATIONAEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Respiratory physiologyRespiratory physiologyRespiratory Gas Transport -CO2 is carried (by blood) from body cells to respiratory membrane

Respiratory Gas Transport -CO2 is carried (by blood) from body cells to respiratory membrane

Respiratory PhysiologyRespiratory PhysiologyExternal respiration -CO2 diffuses from blood into the alveoli (across respiratory membrane)

Respiratory PhysiologyRespiratory Physiology

Pulmonary Ventilation- exhalation- CO2 exits respiratory system to outside environment (Pathway) from alveoli of lungs out nasal cavity

Review: Put in order from start (inhale) to end (exhale)

Review: Put in order from start (inhale) to end (exhale)

__ Pulmonary Ventilation (exhalation)

__ External Respiration (O2 from alveoli to blood)

__ External Respiration (CO2 from blood into alveoli)

__ Internal (aerobic cellular) Respiration

__ Respiratory Gas Transport (CO2 carried to alveoli via blood)

__ Pulminary Ventilation (inhalation)

__ Respiratory Gas Transport (O2 carried to body cells via blood)

__ Pulmonary Ventilation (exhalation)

__ External Respiration (O2 from alveoli to blood)

__ External Respiration (CO2 from blood into alveoli)

__ Internal (aerobic cellular) Respiration

__ Respiratory Gas Transport (CO2 carried to alveoli via blood)

__ Pulminary Ventilation (inhalation)

__ Respiratory Gas Transport (O2 carried to body cells via blood)

Respiratory VideosRespiratory VideosCirculatory & Respiratory Systems

- CrashCourse Biology #27 – YouTube

PCCS Dr. Herlihy on Dr. Oz for Mega Lungs - YouTube

Circulatory & Respiratory Systems - CrashCourse Biology #27 – YouTube

PCCS Dr. Herlihy on Dr. Oz for Mega Lungs - YouTube

Respiratory Microscope LabRespiratory Microscope Lab