Knowing the Difference between periods Knowing the Difference between periods of industrialism in the 19th century.of industrialism in the 19th century.

• 1st Industrial Revolution (1814-1860): TRIC—Textiles, Railroads, Iron, Coal

• 2nd Industrial Revolution (post-Civil War): ROSE– Railroads (transcontinental), Oil, Steel, Electricity

• If you get a 19th century “industrial Revolution” question, remember to “TRIC ROSE”

Leading up to the RevolutionLeading up to the Revolution

Pretty Proclamation of 1763 Silly Stamp Act, 1765 Tammy Townsend Acts, 1767 Baked Boston Massacre, 1770 Tea Tea Act, 1773 Cookies Committees of Correspondence Inside “Intolerable Acts,” 1774 Freshly First Continental Congress Layered Lexington and Concord Spicy Second Continental Congress Dough Declaration of Independence

ArticlesArticles

A nnapolis Convention, 1786R atification debate between Federalists and

AntifederalistsT reaty of Paris, 1783I nternational challenges from England, Spain, France &

Barbary PiratesC onstitutional Convention, 1787L and legislation (Land Ord.of 1785; NW Ord. of 1787E conomic depression (no reg. of interstate commerce)S hays’ Rebellion

Bill of Rights – 1Bill of Rights – 1stst ten ten AmendmentsAmendments

Memory aid for the first amendment

R Religion

A Assembly

P Press

P Petition

S Speech

Federalist EraFederalist EraBig Bill of Rights, 1791Jolly Judiciary Act of 1789Hamilton Hamilton’s Financial Pln(BE FAT)Finds French RevolutionNervous Neutrality Proclamation, 1793Jefferson Jay Treaty, 1795EnteringElection of 1796X-rated XYZ Affair, 1797QuartersQuasi-War, 1798-1800Angering Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798White Washington’s precedentsRepublicans “Revolution of 1800”

Hamilton’s Financial PlanHamilton’s Financial Plan

Bank of the U.S.

Excise Taxes

Funding at Par

Assumption of State Debts

Tariffs

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

“TOM”--Texas, Oregon, Mexican War

Polk’s PresidencyPolk’s Presidency

COIL– California, Oregon, Independent Treasury System, and

Lower tariff

Compromise of 1850:Pop FactCompromise of 1850:Pop Fact

Popular Sovereignty in Mexican CessionFugitive Slave LawAbolition of slave trade Washington, D.C.California Admitted as a stateTexas given $10 million for disputed

Mexican territory

Causes of the Civil WarCauses of the Civil War Mrs. Missouri Compromise of 1820 Nully Nullification Controversy of 1832 Almost Abolitionism Gagged Gag rule, 1836 When Wilmot Proviso, 1848 Clay’s Compromise of 1850 (PopFACT) Kangaroo Kansas-Nebraska Act , 1854 Bit Bleeding Kansas John’s John Brown’s raid on harpers Ferry, 1859 Ear Election of 1860

Success Of Republican Success Of Republican Agenda During Civil WarAgenda During Civil War

A Abolition of Slavery (13th Amendment)P Pacific Railway ActHistory Homestead ActMakes Morrill TariffMe Morrill Land Grant ActNauseous National Banking Act

Overview of Principal Overview of Principal Reconstruction proposals and Reconstruction proposals and

plansplans 1864-65: Lincoln’s 10% plan 1865: 13th Amendment 1865-66: Presidential Reconstruction: Johnson's

version of Lincoln's proposal 1866-67: Congressional plan with 14h amendment 186-67: Military Reconstruction (Congress): 14th

Amendment plus back suffrage that was later established nationwide by the 15th Amendment.

Compromise of 1877: ends reconstruction

Themes of the Gilded Age:Themes of the Gilded Age: Politics: hard vs. Soft Money (`70s & `90s); tariff (`80s);

corruption due to greed, patronage & trust (throughout late 19th c.) Industrialism: U.S became the worlds most powerful economy by

1890s: railroads, steel, oil, electricity, banking America was transformed from an agrarian nation to an urban

nation between 1865 and 1920 Urbanization: millions of :New Immigrants” came from Southern

and Eastern Europe, mostly to work in factories. Unions and Reform movements sought to curb the injustices of

industrialism Farmers increasingly lost ground in the new industrial economy

and eventually organized (populism) The “Last West”: farming, mining, & cattle rising By 1900 society had become more stratified into classes than any

time before or since

11stst Industrial Revolution: Industrial Revolution: “TRIC” (before civil war)“TRIC” (before civil war)

T extilesR ailroadsI ronC oal

22ndnd Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution

R ailroads ( especially transcontinental)O ilS teelE electricity

Populist IdeasPopulist Ideas

Fried Free unlimited coinage of silver Green Graduated Income tax Gummy bears Government ownership of railroads Invade Initiative Really Referendum Really Recall Silly Subtreasury plan People Postal savings banks

American Imperialism: 1889-American Imperialism: 1889-19171917

New imperial influence of U.S. (1898-1917) Spanish American War (1898): Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam,

Philippines Panama Canal Zone (1903) Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine: US became

“policeman” of the western Hemisphere and justified numerous invasions of Latin American countries.

“Dollar Diplomacy” under Taft: Government protected with force American investments abroad.

Wilson: Initially and anti-imperialist in rhetoric but invaded more countries that ant other president (including Mexico– “Moral Diplomacy”)

La Follette’s Wisconsin La Follette’s Wisconsin Experiment: “DIG CIDExperiment: “DIG CID

Direct election of senatorsInitiative, referendum, & recallGov’t regulation of business

Civil service reform Income tax (state)Direct primary

TR’s Program Embraced TR’s Program Embraced ““There C’s”:There C’s”:

1. Regulation Of Corporations2. Consumer Protection3. Conservation of Natural resources

Wilson: opposed to “Triple Wilson: opposed to “Triple Wall of Privilege” the “3 Ts”:Wall of Privilege” the “3 Ts”:

TariffsTbanks (money monopoly)Trusts

Wilson's Program: “CUFF”Wilson's Program: “CUFF”

Clayton Anti-Trust ActUnderwood Tariff BillFederal Reserve ActFederal Trade Commission

Progressive ReformsProgressive Reforms Silly Socialism (anti) Purple Political Machines (anti) Turkeys Trusts (anti) Chase Consumer Protection Very Voting reform White Working/living conditions (incl. Child labor) Chickens Conservation While Women’s Right Fighting Federal Reserve System Pink Prohibition Iguanas Income Tax

Conservative Politics on the Conservative Politics on the 1920s: “HALT”1920s: “HALT”

H igher tariffsA nti-UnionL aissez FaireT rickle-down tax policies

VS.VS.

Axis Germany (1939) Italy (1939) Japan (1940) Hungary (1940) Romania (1940) Bulgaria

Allies Great Britain (1939) France (1939) U.S.S.R. (1941) U.S (1941) China 43 other countries

Cold WarCold War

The U.S struggle to contain Soviet Communism worldwide resulted in what came t be know as the “Cold War”. Although full-scale war between the U.S and Soviet Union did not occur, two major wars-Korea and Vietnam-and many smaller conflicts occurred between 1946 and 1991 over the battle between democracy and communsim

Cold War under President Cold War under President TrumanTruman

Truman’s Truman Doctrine, 1947 Muscles Marshall Plan 1947 Brought Berlin Crisis, 1948-49 Nasty NATO, 1948 China China becomes communist, 1949 Across Atomic bomb exploded by soviets, 1949 Korea Korean War, 1950-53

Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights Movement B rave Brown v. Board of education, 1954 M artin Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955 L eads Little rock Crisis, 1957 G reen Greensboro sit-in, 1960 F reedom Freedom Riders, 1961 J unkies James Meredith, 1962 U ntil University of Alabama B irmingham Birmingham March, 1963 M archers March on Washington, 1963 C laim Civil Rights Act of 1964 V ictory Voting Rights Act of 1965 A gainst Affirmative Action B iogoted Black Power( Malcolm X, Carmichael, Black panthers) F reaks Forced busing, 1971