Review for Units 1, 2, and 3

Political Ideology and the ConstitutionFederalismCivil Rights and Civil LibertiesPolitical Socialization

Which Western philosopher declared in a political tract from 1690 that all individuals have certain natural rights, including those of life, liberty, and property?a. Thomas Hobbes•John Locke•Jean Jacques Rousseau•Thomas Jefferson•James Madison

Which of the following statements reflects a pluralist theory of American politics?a. Political resources are dominated by the lower and middle class of societyb. Public policies emerge from cooperation among elites in business, labor, and the

governmentc. American politics is dominated by cities at the expense of rural areas.d. The American political arena is made up of individuals who have few group

affiliations outside the family unit.e. Policies are the outcome of complex patterns of haggling, compromises and

shifting alliances between competing groups.

American political culture is characterized by strong popular support for all of the following EXCEPT

a. The rule of lawb. equality of opportunityc. Limited governmentd. economic equalitye. Individual liberty

Which of the following would believe in the least amount of government action/interferences? They would want the smallest national government possible.

a. Libertarianb. New Deal Liberalc. Neoconservatived. Progressive Liberale. Socialist

In the Constitution as originally ratified in 1788, the provision regarding which of the following most closely resembles popular, majoritarian democracy?a. Election of members of the House of Representativeb. Election of members of the Senatec. Election of the Presidentd. Ratification of Treatiese. Confirmation of Presidential appointments

Which of the following theories would most likely agree that the public’s interest is rarely translated into public policy?a. Elitist and Pluralist theoriesb. Pluralist and Hyperpluralist theoriesc. Class based and Democratic theoriesd. Liberalism and Conservatism theoriese. Elitist and hyperpluralist theories

Which would be the farthest right on the political spectrum?a. Conservativeb. Liberalc. Moderated. Progressive liberale. Socialist

Anti-Federalists opposed ratification of the Constitution becauseI. they felt that the national government would be too powerful.II. they felt that the national government would threaten the sovereignty of the states.III. they felt that the national government would threaten the liberty of the people.IV. they felt that the national government would be too weak and ineffective.V. All the above are true

a. I and IV onlyb. I, II, III onlyc. I onlyd. IV only e. V

In Federalist No. 10, James Madison warns against the dangers of a.factions.b.states’ rights.c.judicial review.d.an all-powerful president.

e. ex post facto laws.

All of the following issues were decided at the Constitutional Convention EXCEPT:A.Voting qualification of the electorateB.Method of electing the PresidentC.CongressioRepresentation in the legislatureD.nal power to override a presidential vetoE.Qualifications for members of the House and Senate

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances as established by the Constitution?

a.The requirement that presidential appointment to the Supreme Court be approved by the Senateb.A requirement that states lower their legal drinking age to 18 as a condition of receiving funds through federal highway grant programsc.Media criticism of public official during an election campaign periodd.The Supreme Courts’ ability to overturn a lower court decisione.The election of the President by the electoral college rather than by direct election

If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government, but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.” The author of the passage wasa. Benjamin Franklinb. Thomas Jeffersonc. John Locked. James Madisone.Samuel Adams

The passage intended to support which of the following principles of government?a. separation of powers and federalismb. rule by an elitec. direct democracy by way of referendumd. majoritarian rulee.the need for minority rights and factions

Which type of government funding allows states the most discretion?A. Categorical grantsB. Grants-in-aidC. Matching grantsD. Block grantsE. Project grants

. All of the following statements reflect positions the Supreme Court has taken with regard to the right of free speech EXCEPT:a. A restriction on the right of free speech should always be viewed with skepticism.b. There are no acceptable governmental restrictions on free speech.c. Government has an obligation to try to ensure citizens the right to be heard.d. The right to free speech is a fundamental natural right.e. The First Amendment protects free speech from incursions of both the federal and state governments.

The Bill of Rights has come to apply to the states through the interpretation of A) the Fourteenth Amendment. B) the Tenth Amendment. C) the commerce clause. D) Article III. E) the necessary and proper clause.

When U.S. Nazis sought to parade in Skokie, Illinois, where many Jews lived, the courts A) found them a clear and present danger. B) upheld their right to parade peacefully. C) refused to rule one way or another. D) allowed the police full discretion. E) allowed their arrests and convictions.

During the second half of the twentieth-century, the Supreme Court’s position on free speech was that

A. The government may never limit speech because speech is protected by the First Amendment.

B. State governments may place limits on free speech, but the national government may not because of the First Amendment.

C. The government may limit speech that the majority of Americans find offensive.D. The government may place limits on free speech in print and broadcast media but

may not limit the spoken word. E. Free speech is essential to liberty and therefore may be abridged only under extreme circumstances.

The Civil Rights of 1964 did all of the following EXCEPT:A. Create the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.B. Deny federal funding to businesses and schools that practiced racial discrimination.C. Prevent racial discrimination in housing.D. Prohibit racial discrimination in hotels, in restaurants, and public transportation.E. Outlaw job discrimination in race and gender.

Which of the following generalizations accurately describes the advancement of civil rights in the 20th Century?

I. The 14th Amendment served as the foundation on which the Supreme Court based many of its decision regarding civil rights. II. The national government has opted to pursue civil rights at the expense of states’ rights.III. The Supreme Court applies strict scrutiny to any type of racial classifications. IV. The Supreme Court has outlawed all laws that classify citizens by race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and disability.

A.II onlyB.IV onlyC.I and II onlyD.III and IV onlyE.I, II, and III only

•According to the Gender Gap theory, women are more likely toA. Attend college in higher rates than menB. Have higher paying jobs then menC. Vote for the Democratic candidateD. Vote for the Republican candidateE. Not vote at all compared to men

Which of the following factors is the greatest indicator as to whether or not a person will vote?

A. AgeB. IncomeC. Education LevelD. GenderE. Race

Which of the following best characterized the influence of the news media on public opinion in the United States?

A. They alter the public’s views on the issue.B. They set the agenda and affect which issues the public

thinks about. C. They determine how citizens will vote.D. They are most able to influence people with the highest

level of education.E. They are most able to influence the urban sectors of

society.

The strength of the public’s feelings about an issue is known as A. IntensityB. SaliencyC. StabilityD. IntransigenceE. Zealotry

Which of the following is generally NOT a source of political socialization?A. FamilyB. SchoolC. Life experiencesD. Indoctrination by the two major political parties

E. Religion

Since the 1960s, Congress has addressed the problems of gender bias on numerous occasions

A.Choose one of the laws listed below. Describe how it attempted to address the problem of gender bias in American society.

The Equal Pay Act of 1963The Civil Rights Act of 1964B. Describe this law and evaluate its effectivenessC. Choose one of the legislative actions listed below.

Describe how it has attempted to address the problem of gender bias in American society.

Title IX of the Higher Education Act of 1973The Equal Rights Amendment to the ConstitutionD. Describe this action and evaluate its effectiveness

The prosecution of (impeachment) will seldom fail to agitate the passions of the whole community and to divide it into parties more or less friendly or inimical to the accused. In many cases it will connect itself with pre-existing factions, and will enlist their animosities, partialities, influence, and interest on one side or the other, and in such cases there will always be the greatest danger that the decision will be regulated more by the comparative strength of parties, than by the real demonstrations of innocence or guilt.”Alexander Hamilton, Federalist 65

The House of Representatives has twice impeached sitting presidents, both of whom avoided removal from office by the Senate.

A. Define impeachment and removal, and describe the process of impeachment and removal as listed in the Constitution.

B. Assess the accuracy of Hamilton’s observations as applied to both cases of presidential impeachment.

C. Identify one strength and one weakness of checks and balances in dealing with Hamilton’s concerns.

What were the Top 10 most important Court Cases?• Federalism

• Civil Rights

• Civil Liberties

• Campaigns and voting

Trace the Development of Federalism1800 - 2010

Include major court cases, historical events, legislation

Explain how each of the rights guaranteed by the bill of rights has been incorporated

List the important steps of the Civil Rights Movement