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A product of WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities
AMIT BHATT
16th & 17th December 2017 | Lucknow
Road Density in IndiaROAD LENGTH AND DENSITY
More than 60 per cent of freight and 85 per cent
passenger traffic is carried by road.
Although National Highways constitute only about
1.7 per cent of the road network, it carries 40 per
cent of the total road traffic.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Ro
ad le
ngt
h in
Th
ou
san
d k
m.
Growth of Road Length in India (Km)
Source: National Transport Development Policy Committee Report 2014
The last two decades have seen a dramatic increase in the overall number of vehicles used for road transport in India
The total number of vehicles is expected to increase 3-4x to 500-600 million by 2030
GROWTH OF VEHICLES
21 Million
(1991)
142 Million
(2011)
All Vehicles
14
Million
(1991)
102 Million
(2011)
2-Wheelers
SNAPSHOT OF SHARE OF TRANSPORT BY MODE IN INDIA
Source : CRISL | Railway | Aviation | CIRT
Year2012-13
Passenger KM in Billion
Passenger By Public Transport 5756
Traffic by air 108
Traffic by Railway 740
Traffic by Road 4908
% share of Road Transport 85%
Traffic by Buses 4173
% share of Bus 74%
Traffic by State transport buses 485
% share of STU buses 8%
Traffic by Private operated buses 3688
% share of Private buses 64%
Traffic by air2%
Traffic by Railway13%
Traffic by Road85%
Share of passengers by public transport
2/3rd of
which is
Bus
Transport
HOW INDIA COMMUTES TO WORK: CENSUS 2011
23%
13%
13%3%
3%
11%
3%
1%
30%
Commute Pattern
On foot
Bicycle
Moped/Scooter/MotorCycleCar/Jeep/Van
Tempo/Auto/Taxi
Bus
Train
Water Transport
Nearly a third of workers do not use any mode for
commute since they stay close to their workplace
Buses constitute 11% of commute.
200 million working Indians are neither employed
in agriculture nor in household industries
Walking is the most common mode of commuting
in Rural and Urban areas
30% of citizens donot travel to work owing to
proximity of workplaces
Source: The Hindu, 2015, Census 2011
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Rural-Urban Commute Pattern
Rural Urban
COMMUTE PATTERN IN METRO CITIES
Commuting in Mega Cities
Source: The Hindu, 2015, Census 2011
26% in Delhi take the bus and walk as
mode of commute
In all other cities, buses come next to
walking as most preferred mode of
commute
Mumbai rail city rail system bears 30% of
the commute of citizens
Chennai and Bangalore have a high
proportion of two-wheelers
All mega-cities have a minimum of 20%
share of buses.
Source: The Hindu, 2015, Census 2011
LUCKNOW
Mode Percentage
Car 4.8
Two Wheeler 43.2
IPT 8.6Public Transport 2.4
Walk 17
NMT 24
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Lucknow,2011
5%
43%
9%2%
17%
24%
Modal split of Lucknow(2011)
Car
Two Wheeler
IPT
Public Transport
Walk
NMT
As per CMP Lucknow“Forty-one percent of trips in Lucknow are made by non-motorisedtransport (NMT); but the facilities available are grossly inadequate.”
VARANASI
Comparative Transportation Profile of Selected Metropolitan Cities in India, TCPO MINISTRY OF URBAN
DEVELOPMENT & POVERTY ALLEVIATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, NEW DELHI, 2000
Mode Percentage
Car 2
Two Wheeler 10
IPT 35Public Transport 45
Walk 5
NMT 3
2%10%
35%45%
5%
3%
Modal split ofVaranasi(2000)
Car
Two Wheeler
IPT
Public Transport
Walk
NMT
KANPUR
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Kanpur,2011
Mode Percentage
Car 4
Two Wheeler 20
IPT 28Public Transport 4
Walk 29
NMT 15
4%
20%
28%4%
29%
15%
Modal split ofKanpur(2011)
Car
Two Wheeler
IPT
Public Transport
Walk
NMT
AGRA
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Agra,2011
Mode Percentage
Car 1
Two Wheeler 21
IPT 20Public Transport 4
Walk 37
NMT 17
1%21%
20%
4%37%
17%
Modal split ofKanpur(2011)
Car
Two Wheeler
IPT
Public Transport
Walk
NMT
ALLAHABAD
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Meerut,2011
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Allahabad,2011
• About 56% of trips within Allahabad are made by Non-Motorised Transport(NMT) which includes walk, bicycles and cycle rickshaw with 35% trips by walkalone
• Approx. 66% of overall trips within the city is accounted to Non‐motorised
trips (cycle and walk).
• Cycle‐rickshaws & shared auto‐rickshaws together account for about 31%
of all peak‐ hour trips of Meerut’s city transport system, especially in the
inner areas.
MEERUT
BUS PROCUREMENT UNDER JNNURM - I
15,000 buses
60 cities
In December 2009, WRI India launched Bus Karo: A Guidebook to Bus Operations and Planning, with support from the Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India
BUS KARO
Bus Karo Program
Bus Karo ILand Banking to Develop Terminal & Depots
February, 2012 15 Cities - 80 Participants
BEST (4500 buses) and DTC (6500 buses) – bus companies in Mumbai and Delhi have not been able to increase their fleet due to lack of land for depots and terminals. Meanwhile BMTC had doubled it’s ridership from 2.5 Million to 5 Million and buses from 3500 to 6500 in the last 10 years.
BMTC has 38 depots and 50 bus terminals that were developed through a long term land banking strategy.
Driver turned trainer Mohammed Hanif of Andhra Pradesh Road Transport Corporation (APSTRC) demonstrates the simulator they built to help drivers to visualize the link between stepping on the gas pedal and fuel injection.
APSRTC reports one of the highest fuel efficiency standards in the country >5 kmpl Industry standard is 3 kmpl.
August, 2012 18 Cities - 60 Participants
Bus Karo II Driver Training & Fuel Efficiency
April 2013 – Mumbai20 Cities - 65 Participants
Bus Karo III Feeder Service & Short Route Design
Feeder bus services are designed to pick up passengers in a certain locality, and take them to a transfer point where they make an onward journey on a trunk service either by another bus, or a rail based service such as a tram, rapid transit or train.
BEST has been providing feeder services in Mumbai for past several decades.
Sept. 2013 – Mysore25 Cities - 80 Participants
Bus Karo IVUse of ITS in Improving Public Transport
Telematics or Intelligent Transport System (ITS) is an important aspect of the modern city bus service. ITS can not only help public transport user make informed decision but also helps operator to make plan, operate and monitor the services in an optimal manner.
KSRTC has developed a State of the Art .
Feb. 2014 – Indore 25 Cities - 85 Participants
Bus Karo VBranding, Marketing and Communication
Public transport has be sold like a commodity and therefore Branding, Marketing and Communication (BMC) and integral to it. BMC can effectively be used to retain the riders on the system, it also be used to attract the new ones. BMC is also important reaching to the larger audience.
AICTSL has done some interesting innovations around use of social media in marketing the system.
Nov. 2014 – Bhopal 23 Cities - 80 Participants
Bus Karo VIIntegrated Public Transport Services
Transport systems in cities typically have little of no integrations but it is documented globally that integrated high quality transport system can only a viable alternative to private transport in cities.
BCLL has done some remarkable innovation by bring bus, BRT, city bus and taxi operations under single authority and is not contemplating of bringing in mini bus and Tata magic under its ambit.
July 2015 – Gurgaon 18 Cities - 85 Participants
Bus Karo VII Co-creating a modern city bus service
Gurgaon has over 1 million population and presence of 50% of the Fortune 500 companies. It has also emerged as the city with third highest per capita income in the country. Yet it does not have a a bus service forcing people to use private modes.
The two day workshop got experts from various cities that have developed high quality bus service to help develop a framework for a modern bus service
April 2016 – Delhi 15 Cities - 75 Participants
Bus Karo VIII Use of IT in City Bus Service
Use of information technology is growing in every field including public transportation. Apart from improving the efficiency of the system, IT is being used to develop new service delivery models for bus operations.
The two day workshop which was part of the CONNECTKaro event got experts from various cities to discuss and debate on the use of IT in improving city bus service.
Bus Karo IX City Bus Services – Vision 2022
The 2 day workshop with organised in partnership with BMTC, KSRTC and Shakti Foundation is organized to facilitate faster, more frequent and upgraded bus services in our cities.
Successful models and initiatives in taxation policies, subsidies and innovative financing was discussed during this 2 day workshop with a focus on improving the overall operational efficiency and safety of bus systems.Nov 2016 – Bengaluru
16 Cities - 65 Participants
April 2017 – Delhi
Bus Karo X Reforming City Bus Operations
The 2 day workshop supported by MOUD and organised in partnership with Shakti Foundation and FedEx is organized to facilitate reforming city bus operations.
This workshop focused on five broad reforms around taxation, financing, technological improvements, energy efficiency, and bus priority.
December 2017 – Lucknow
Bus Karo XI Augmenting Public Transport
The workshop organised in partnership with Lucknow Development AuthorityThis session will focus on five broad theme of augmenting and initiating high quality public transport service.
