PUSAT PEMBANGUNAN KEMAHIRAN SARAWAK

JALAN CANNA OFF JALAN WAN ALWI, TABUAN JAYA 93350 KUCHING, SARAWAK.

KERTAS PENERANGAN

NAMA DAN KOD PROGRAM

Y-030-3 SENIOR ESTATE CONDUCTOR

TAHAP TAHAP 03

NO DAN TAJUK MODUL 05 FIELD MAINTANANCE

NO DAN TAJUK RINGKAS 6.07 RECOMMEND REMEDIAL ACTION TO MANAGEMENT

OBJEKTIF PENCAPAIAN PIAWAIAN / TERMINAL PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

RECOMMEND REMEDIAL ACTION TO MANAGEMENT ACCORDING TO (SOP) SO THAT WORK IS PERFORMED AFFECTIVELY.

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MUKA:1/7

TAJUK : FIELD MAINTENANCE

TUJUAN PENGAJARAN :

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

1. UNDERSTAND ON REMEDIAL ACTION TO MANAGEMENT2. ABILITY TO TAKE IMMEDIATE REMEDIAL ACTION3. COMMUNICATE WITH SUPERIOR4. READ AND INTERPRET REPORTS5. MAINTAIN/UPDATE REPORTS6. UNDERSTAND COMPANY POLICY AND SAFE KEEPING OF RECORDS.

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RECOMMEND REMEDIAL ACTIONS TO THE MANAGEMENT 06.07

To recommend remedial action to management on infrastructure so that corrective measures can be undertaken.(untuk mmberikn pndpat tndakan yg spatutnya kpd pihak pengrusan trhdap infrastruktur yng ada diladang supaya tndkan yg btol dpat dilksanakan.)Refer to: -Figure I – Electrified nursery fence for protection against elephant damage(memasang

pagar elektrik di tpak semaian untuk mlindungi drpda serangan gajah)Figure II – Temporary wooden office and store in a large nursery(pejabat dan stor

semntra yg dprbuat drpda kayu didlan nersry yg bsar)Figure III – Plantation notice board during the development phase(papan notis ktika

krja2 mmbngunkan lading djlankan )Figure IV – A plantation Head Office(pejabat utama ldang trsbut )Figure V – New office building under construction to replace temporary ones(bangnan

pjabat yg baru dibina untk mnggntika pjabat smntra yang sdia ada)Figure VI – Plantation school with its playing (kemdhan sprit skolah dngan kmdahan

tman prmainannya)Figure VII – Community centre in a plantation village(PUSAT komuniti didlam ldang)Figure VIII – Permanent houses for estate and office staff(rumah tetap ddlam ldang dan pjabat)

The Senior Conductor besides carrying out routine works in the Estate, he does take the responsibilities into infrastructure and services of the estate. He looks into the needs of problems of infrastructures.(seorang knduktor ldang kanan biasanya akn mlakukn krja2 yng rutin di ldang.slain drpda krja2 rutin trsbut,bliau jga bertanggungjwab kpda kmudhan,infrstruktur dan hikmat2 yg lain dildang.beliau jga hrus brtnggngjwab mnylsaikn msalah yg ada pda infrstrktur trsbut.)

Not only must there be offices, stores and workshops but there will also be a small township to house staff and employees. Furthermore, on a plantation it may be necessary to provide some or all of the normal public services and social amenities. Much depends upon the range of facilities available in the surrounding area and the extent of Government responsibility for their supply. Usually, plantations are somewhat isolated and, therefore, become relatively self-contained.(tidak smestinya ada pjabat,stor dan bengkel tetpi trdpat jga kwsan prumhan untuk staf dan pkrja. Selain drpda itu,trdpat jga kmdhan lain yg dsdiaknuntk kgunaan para pkrja dan kprluan social mreka.sgala kmudhan ini brgntung kpda jrak kmudhan yg sdia ada kwsan brknaan.biasanya kwsan ldang trltak jauh dan trpncil dri kwsan bndar dan krana inilah pihak lading menydiakan kemudhan trsbut).

I. NURSERY – INFRASTRUCTURE (kemudahan ddlam tpak smaian)All nurseries should have a boundary fence, if only a single strand of wire. But something more substantial may be needed, from netting to keep out rodents to an electrified barrier protecting the seedlings against elephant and other game. Guards or watchmen are essential in some countries, day and night, to prevent theft of materials and seedlings. It is the manager’s responsibility to assess the local situation and take the appropriate measures before any seed is planted.

Irrigation equipment can be at risk and the pump, with its fuel supply, is safer inside a locked building. This also provides protection from the elements but, unless solidly built,

will not keep out flood water. And flooding is always a risk because the pump is usually sited on the bank of stream or river. Construction of protective bunds around the site, or isolating it by large drains, may prove worthwhile. A different problem arises when there is a rise and fall of 8.0m or more in the level of the water supply. A normal suction pump must either be moved up and down or installed on a floating raft. In either case, regular attention, to prevent the pump becoming submerged or washed away, is essential.

In any but the smallest nursery, a simple store and office will prove useful. The store is for the safe-keeping of fertilizer, chemicals, equipment, spare parts and tools allocated for use in the nursery. Herbicides must be kept well away from other agricultural chemicals. Some sprayers should be reserved, and marked, for use with herbicides only. The others for fungicides and insecticides must be kept quite separate. Even though equipment should have been thoroughly cleaned after use, it is not unknown for spray tanks, still containing a little herbicide, to be filled with fungicide. The result after spraying; dead seedlings, commendably free of fungus.

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Many records must be kept in the nursery. A weatherproof office is needed for their accurate preparation and self-keeping. They will include an inventory of seedlings, regularly updated; details of all operations carried out and materials consumed; pump operating times with data on fuel and oil consumption; times of irrigation to individual blocks of seedlings: rainfall figures; labour use; and a daily diary which will note, amongst other things, pest or disease attacks. Whilst most records will be summarized at the main plantation office some, such as the numbers of seedlings, can be displayed on the nursery notice board, if only to impress the neighbours. Refer Figure I and Figure II.

II. FIELD – INFRASTRUCTUREConstruction and maintenance of most field infrastructure – roads, drains, culverts and bridges – is dealt with elsewhere. Like the nursery, the plantation may need a perimeter fence with suitable gates. Because of its length, such fencing is always expensive. If it must be electrified, or unusually high to exclude game, its purchase and construction will be one of the major costs during the development period. Unfortunately, a fence only deters thieves. It does not prevent the resolute ones coming and going. What may be stolen depends upon the locality. In some places ripe bunches disappear, in others there may be illegal tapping for palm wine. Almost everywhere, office equipment, vehicles, fuel and, of course, money are at risk. The provision of watchmen and guards is one answer, often acceptable to insurers, but in some places an armed security force may be the only way to prevent large-scale robbery.

Field notices, labels and numbers are important and often neglected. Direction signs are invaluable to visitors and new employees. Not infrequently the only way for a stranger to find the office is to follow the track with a telephone line! Plantation roads are rarely named but the regular use of a standard name for the main roads can reduce confusion. All that is necessary is to use the name of the place they lead to.

A standard system of numbering helps to identify fields, either verbally or on a map. Numbering by year of planting i.e. 79/2, the second field planted in 1979, seems the best way. Along roadsides and at junctions, such numbering must be fairly permanent. The use of concrete posts is not uncommon but the easiest, and cheapest, way is to cut a flat spot on the trunk of a mature palm, paint it black and then add the numbers neatly in white. Repainting is necessary every three or four years.

Numbering bridge and culverts for future identification is also a common practice. Less frequent, but at least as useful, is the numbering of palm rows and, again, the numbers can be painted on the roadside palms. In this way, field operations, and the workers involved, can be directly related.

A plantation notice board may not be a legal requirement everywhere but, in any case, one should be erected near the entrance gate. It must be kept in good condition. If not, it will only suggest to those passing by that the whole plantation is maintained in the same slovenly way. Refer to Figure III.

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III. CENTRAL COMPLEX AND TOWNSHIPSEvery member of plantation staff needs some office space and air-conditioning, if sufficient power is available, will greatly improve the output of those who must spend long periods of time in an office. The cool, dry air also helps to preserve the increasingly-sophisticated electronic equipment coming into use. For example, computers are being used more and more for the accounts, stores management, record keeping and the mundane task of word processing. But they do not have a long working life in a hot and humid environment. Good communications are important too. It must be possible to keep in contact with the outside world by telephone, telex, fax or radio. Internal communications are important also and, on many plantations. VHF radio links are maintained between field staff and their office.

In addition to buildings associated with the mill, many others are required at the central complex in order to ensure operational efficiency. The following lists are intended as an aide-memoire. They are not meant to be exhaustive or to indicate the requirements of every plantation. Neither are they necessary listed in order of importance.

Office: Manager Assistant ManagersAccounting, Clerical and Field StaffStorekeeperSecurity ChiefCivil EngineerDoctor

Buildings: Main and Divisional StoresFertilizer StoreGarageWorkshopHospital or ClinicShop or marketChurch, Mosque or TempleCommunity HallSchool

Services are supplied from the central area and the mill. They require buildings and distribution systems:

ElectricityWaterSewerageGarbage disposalInternal and external transport

Different grades of houses will be built, the design depending upon local legislation, perceived requirements and staff preference. Most senior members of management staff will be housed near the central complex but other staff and employees will live in small towns or villages established in the operational sections of the plantation. A member of management staff should live in each of these villages, to be responsible for its administration.

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Unless plantation life is made as attractive as possible for all who live there, they may be tempted to move away to the city with all its advantages. Therefore housing and related facilities must be of the highest possible grade. In many countries there are minimum standards for agricultural housing. These must be complied with but, wherever possible, plantation housing should be even better. The provision of good housing is certainly an incentive for workers to remain in the rural environment. An internal shower and toilet, something still rare unfortunately, is greatly appreciated. So is a proper kitchen, which eases the work of the female members of the family who often have a big role in family decision-making. Wherever possible, low cost electric power should be made available.

Houses for workers are usually built in long straight lines but a properly-planned town is more pleasant to live in and need prove no more expensive to build. For example, on flat land the houses can be built around, and facing towards, the sports field. Food gardens and pens for domestic livestock are behind, next to the palms. In addition to the houses, and the relevant services, each village also needs other facilities such as a clinic, shop, market, community hall and a religious centre.

As far as possible, all buildings must be constructed of long-lasting materials and maintained regularly. They will prove cheaper, in the long run, than temporary structures. Refer Figure IV – Figure IX.

The Senior Conductor knowing the estate infrastructure, if he detects any defects, he immediately takes the necessary action. Example if a wooden bridge (temporary bridge) damaged due to heavy rain and timber blockage, he acts immediately because this will hinder the transportation of FFB to the Mill, workers to work and school going children.

He immediately works out the costing of installing new culvert bridge. To work out the costing, he follows the order below:-

a) How many pieces of culvert required?b) Sizes of culvertc) Timber requirement

d) Cement requiremente) Transportation of culverts to the locationf) Hirer of mechanical excavatorg) Workers requirementh) Store and other material requirement

Based on the above requirements he prepares the estimate or costing and gets approval from the Assistant Manager. Once the costing is approved he immediately acts and completes the operation. Refer to Figure X – Figure XIV.

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Once the operation is over, he calculates the actual cost and prepares a report to the Assistant Manager’s verification and approval. Based on the report the payment is made to the Contractor Concern.

His simple report indicate the following1. Problem of infrastructure

Timber bridge damaged Location – Field No Urgency Permanent Bridge No of culverts fixed Cost involved in the fixing of the culverts Conclusion

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INSTRUCTION TIME DURATION: 15 MINUTESCircle the correct answer. (5 Marks)

1. Nursery infrastructure should be well constructed so that the seedlings area) Protected from elephant damageb) Theftc) Floodingd) All the above

2. It is the __________________ responsibility to assess the local situation and take the appropriate measures before any seeds are planted.a) Senior Conductorb) Junior Conductorc) Assistant Manager’sd) Manager’s

3. Why a standard system of field numbering is is very important?a) Harvestingb) Manuringc) Identificationd) Visiting

4. It is the duty of ____________________ to know the infrastructure of the estate.a) Mandoreb) Junior Conductorc) Chief Clerkd) Senior Conductor

5. Why the plantation life is is made as attractive to live?a) Workers may more away to the city to work

b) Peaceful lifec) Good, salaryd) Cheap to live

RUJUKAN : 1. NOSS JPK 2. Field Handbook (Mature) Oil Palm Series, Volume 3. 3. Growing Oil Palm, an Illustrate Guide.