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15

2 kgçavitrNI ¦matikdækfa GdækfaRB¼átiemakç

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16

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17

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18

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19

btþiTankfa 3

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20

Gdðkza sMyutþnikay sKazvK< bfmPaK rYmman

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m inmanRBHGdækfaEkesckþI 16 sURt

rts

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21

matikaFm’ eQμa¼Fm’ TMB&r GarmÖkza 1 eTvtasMyutþ nLvK< TI 1

Gdækfa »XtrNsURt TI 1 6 Gdækfa niemakçsURt TI 2 61

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Gdækfa Gb,diviTitsURt TI 7 77

Gdækfa susmμúdæsURt TI 8 79

Gdækfa manHkamsURt TI 9 80

Gdækfa GrBaØsURt TI 10 85

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Gdækfa nnÞisURt TI 2 96

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Gdækfa xtþiysURt TI 4 104

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22

Gdækfa skmansURt TI 5 107

Gdækfa niTÞatnÞisURt TI 6 110

Gdækfa TukársURt TI 7 112

Gdækfa hirisURt TI 8 116

Gdækfa kudikasURt TI 9 118

Gdækfa smiT§isURt TI 10 121 stivK< TI 3 Gdækfa stisURt TI 1 150

Gdækfa pustisURt TI 2 153

Gdækfa CdasURt TI 3 155

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Gdækfa GrhnþsURt TI 5 165

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Gdækfa srsURt TI 7 171

Gdækfa mhT§nsURt TI 8 172

Gdækfa ctuckásURt TI 9 174

Gdækfa ÉNiCgÇsURt TI 10 177

stuløb|kayivK< TI 4 Gdækfa sBÖisURt TI 1 180

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23

Gdækfa mcärisURt TI 2 193

Gdækfa saFusURt TI 3 205

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Gdækfa ]CÄansBaØisURt TI 5 218

Gdækfa sT§asURt TI 6 228

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Gdækfa TutiybC¢únFItusURt TI 10 273

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Gdækfa GenamiysURt TI 5 285

Gdækfa Gc©rasURt TI 6 287

Gdækfa vnerabsURt TI 7 296

Gdækfa eCtvnsURt TI 8 298

Gdækfa mcärisURt TI 9 301

Gdækfa XdikrsURt TI 10 305

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24

CravK< TI 6 Gdækfa CrasURt TI 1 308

Gdækfa GCrsasURt TI 2 311

Gdækfa mitþsURt TI 3 312

Gdækfa vtßúsURt TI 4 314

Gdækfa bzmCnsURt TI 5 315

minmanGdækfa TutiyCnsURt TI 6 316

minmanGdækfa ttiyCnsURt TI 7 317

Gdækfa ]b,fsURt TI 8 318

Gdækfa TutiysURt TI 9 319

Gdækfa kvisURt TI 10 320

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Gdækfa citþsURt TI 2 323

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Gdækfa seBaØaCnsURt TI 4 325

minmanGdækfa Bn§nsURt TI 5 326

Gdækfa GBaÖhtsURt TI 6 327

Gdækfa ]DÐitsURt TI 7 328

minmanGdækfa bhitsURtTI 8 329

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25

minmanGdækfa \cäasURt TI 9 330

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Gdækfa rfsURt TI 2 335

Gdækfa vitþsURt TI 3 336

Gdækfa vudæisURt TI 4 338

Gdækfa PItsURt TI 5 341

Gdækfa nCirtisURt TI 6 344

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Gdækfa kamsURt TI 8 348

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Gdækfa TutiyksSbsURt TI 2 357

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minmanGdækfa maKFsURtTI 4

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26

Gdækfa TamlisURt TI 5 360

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Gdækfa taynsURt TI 8 368

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minmanGdækfa GnafbiNÐiksURt TI 10

nanatitæiyvK< TI 3

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27

Gdækfa exmsURt TI 2 391

Gdækfa esrIsURt TI 3 392

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Gdækfa CnþúsURt TI 5 396

Gdækfa erahitsSsURt TI 6 400

minmanGdækfa nnÞsURt TI 7 404

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Gdækfa susimsURt TI 9 405

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Gdækfa ThrsURt TI 1 429

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Gdækfa Gb,ksURt TI 6 455

Gdækfa GtßkrNsURt TI 7 456

Gdækfa mløikasURt TI 8 458

Gdækfa yBaØsURt TI 9 461

Gdækfa Bn§nsURt TI 10 474

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28

CdilvK< TI 2

Gdækfa CdilsURt TI 1 478

Gdækfa bBa©raCsURt TI 2 486

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Gdækfa bzmsgÁamvtßúsURtTI 4 495

Gdækfa TutiysgÁamvtßúsURtTI 5 498 Gdækfa FItusURt TI 6 500

Gdækfa bzmGb,maTsURtTI 7 502

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Gdækfa bBVetabmsURt TI 5 535

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29

Gdækfa naKsURt TI 2 544

Gdækfa suPsURt TI 3 547

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Gdækfa Tutiy)ssURt TI 5 550

Gdækfa sb,sURt TI 6 554

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Gdækfa skliksURt TI 3 566

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Gdækfa biNÐsURt TI 8 574

Gdækfa ksSksURt TI 9 578

Gdækfa rC¢sURt TI 10 581

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30

sm¬hulvK< TI 3 Gdækfa sm<hulsURt TI 1 584

Gdækfa smiT§isURt TI 2 586

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Gdækfa stþvsSsURt TI 4 594

Gdækfa marFItusURt TI 5 598

3

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-1- GarmÖkfa

Gdðkza sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay

eQ μaH

sartæb|kasinI

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-2- sartßb,kasinI Gdækfa sMyutþnikay sKafvKÁÁ

RBHZm(d*RbesIrenaHedaysirsa . x\úMsUmbegÁannms,ar

edaysirsacMeBaHRBHGriysg¹ CaBYkénRBHGriy;

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RBHsuKt CaGñkjaMjIúnUvmar nigesnamar .

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rbs´x\ú MGñkmancitþRCHzøaehIy edayRbkardUecñH edayGanuPaBénbuNü

enaH x\ ú MCaGñkmanGnþrayEdlkm©at´lÁehIy GdðkzaNa EdlRBH-

xINaRsB 500 Gg< CaGñkCMnaj EbkZøaykñúgbdismÖiTarYmKñacg

RkgehIy taMgBIbfmsg<aynatmk mankarcgRkgBIrelIkeT[t KW

kñ úgTutiy-ttiysg<ayna edIm|IRbkasesckþIrbs´bkrN¾sMyutþ-

nikayd*RbesIr EdlRbdabédayvK<énsMyutþEdlEckjaNepSg>

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sIhL; edIm|IRbeyaCn¾dl´BBYkCnGñkekaH x\ú MnaMGdðkzaPasasIhL;

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-3- GarmÖkfa

ERbCaPasamKZ; EdlCaPasaCaTIrIkray RtwmRtÚvtamreb[bRBH:lI

minmanPasadéTRcbUkRcbl´layLM minCMTas´RTwsþIrbs´RBHezr;TaMg

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eTAedayBisþar x\ú MnwgeJlGdðkzaenaHkñúgTIenH nwgmineJloBisþar

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TaMgBYg esckþIBisþarrbs´Qan nigsmabtþ i TaMgRbkbedaycriy;

nigviZIkar GPiJ¦aTaMgGs´ Jküvinicä &yEdlrYmbBa© ÚledaybJ¦a xnÆ

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Zatu Gaytn; «®nÞ iyGriysc© 4 bdic©smub|aT eTsnaEdlCa

RBH:lI mann&yd*lÁitlÁn´ nigvibsSnaPavna JküEdleJlmk

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GdðkzaenH ehIynwgRCabesckþItamEdlBwgGaRs&yKm¬IrsMyutþ-

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énsMyutþenaH mansKazvK<CaxagedIm .

kñúgsURtTaMgLay manOXtrNsURtCaxagedIm . JküRBH

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-5- GarmÖkfa

sURtza Évem μ sutM CaedIm EdlRBHGannÞetæreJlTukkñúgevlaeZV I

bfmmhasg<ItienaH manniTanCaxagedIm . k*bfmmhasg<ItienH

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sumg<lvilasinI eRJHdUecñaH bNÐitKb|IRCabbfmmhasg<ItienaH

edayn&yEdlBisþarkñ úgTIenaHcuH .

cb´ GarmÖkza

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nLvK<TI 1

eTvtasMyutþ

G dð k za OXtrNsURtTI 1

OXtrNsURt Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg OXtrNsURtTI 1 én

nLvK< dUecñH ?

[1] bTza Évem μ sutM CaedImenH CaniTan . kñúgbTTaMgenaH

Jküza ÉvM Cas&BÞni:t . bTza em CaedIm CabTnam . Jküza

vi kñ úgbTza savtæiyM vihrti enH Cas&BÞóbsK< . bTza hrti

CabTGaxüat Kb|IRCabkarEckbTedayn&yenHmun .

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edImza JküeRb{beZ[b JküENnaM JküelIktem,Ig JkütiHed[l

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-7- Gdækfa nLvKÁ »XtrNsURt TI 1

karTTYlJkü Gakar JkücgÁúlbgØaj JkükMNt´BitR:kd Bit

yägenaH .

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CaxagedImza ÉvM Caetn mec©n ktþBV M kuslM BhMu ERbza stV

EdlekItehIy EtgsøabĆaZm μta eRBaHdUecñaH Kb|Isagkuslo

:neRcIn dUecñaH .

ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmkkñúgJküENnaM dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanJküCa

edImza Évenþ GPik,mitBVM ÉvM bdik,mitBVM ERbza elakKb|IQaneTA

yägenH Kb|IzyRtLbýägenH .

ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmkkñúgJküelIktem,Ig dUckñúgRbeyaKEdlman

JküCaedImza ÉvemtM PKva ÉvemtM suKtM bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK

RbkarenHyägenaH bBiRtRBHsuKt RbkarenHyägenaH .

ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmkkñúgJkütiHed[l dUckñúgRbeyaKEdlman

JküCaedImza Évemv bnayM vslI ys μ w va tsw μ va tsS

muNÐksS smNksS vNÑMPasti ERbza k*RsIezakTabenH rEmg

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eJlsresIrsmN;RtegalenaH yägenH yägenH minza Rtg´TI

NamYy .

ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmkkñúgkarTTYlJkü dUckñúgRbeyaKEdlman

JküCaedImza ÉvM Penþti exa et Pik¡ Ú PKveta bc©esSasuM ERbza

Pik¡ úTaMgenaH :nnaMKñaTTYlRBHtRmas´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaKza yäg

enaHÉgRBHGg< .

ÉvM s&BÞEdlmkkñúgGakar dUckñ úgRbeyaKEdlmanJküCa

edImza ÉvM Büaexa GhM Penþ PKvta Zm μ M eTsitM GaCanami ERbza

x\ ú MRBHGg<eJlyägenaHBit RBHGg< x\ ú MRBHGg<rEmgRCabTUeTAdl´Zm(

EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´sEmþgTukehIy .

ÉvM s&BÞEdlmkkñúgJkücgÁúlbgØaj dUckñúgRbeyaKmanJkü

CaedImza ÉhitV M maNvk .eb. ÉvBa© veThi saZu kir PvM GanenÞa

eyn suPsSmaNvsS etaeTyübutþsS nievsnM etnubsg,mtu

Gnukm|M ó:Tay ERbza mkenHmaNBtUc GñkÉgcUrcUleTArkRBH

smN;eQ μaHGannÞehIy TUlsYrdlésckþImanGaBaZtic esckþI

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lM:ktic esckþIrh&srhYn esckþImankmøaMg esckþIenAsb|ay

edayJkürbséyIgza suPmaNBetaeTyübuRt sUmsYrRBHGannÞ

dlésckþImanGaBaZtic esckþIlM:ktic esckþIrh&srhYn esckþI

enAsb|ay nigcUreJlyägenHza sUmRbTanOkas sUmRBHGannÞ

cUrGnueRKaHcUleTAkanńievsn¾rbs´suPmaNBetaeTyübuRtcuH .

ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmkkñúgGvZarN; KW JkükMNtÉdlBitR:kd

dUckñ úgRbeyaKEdlmanJküCaedImza tM kw mBa¦z kalama .eb.

ÉvM ena Étæ ehati ERbza mñalGñkkalam;TaMgLay Gñksm<al´

esckþIenaHdUcemþc Zm(TaMgenH Cakusl ßGkusl CaGkusl

RBHGg< maneTas ßminmaneTas maneTasRBHGg< bNÐittiHed[l

ßsresIr bNÐittiHed[lRBHGg< Zm(enHbuK<lsmaTanoeRcInehIy

rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm|IesckþIminCaRbeyaCn¾ edIm|ITuk¡ßeT ßGñkyl´

yägNa kñ úgesckþIenH Zm(TaMgenH buK<lsmaTanobribUN(ehIy

rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm|IesckþIminCYyse®g<aH edIm|ITuk¡ kñ úgesckþIenH

BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<eXIjyägenH RBHGg< .

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ÉvM s&BÞenH kñ úgTIenHbNÐitKb|IeXIjza eRbIkñ úgGtæ 3 yäg

KW kñ úg Gakar niTsSn; GvZarN; .

bNþaGtæ 3 yägenaH RBHGannÞ rEmgsEmþgesckþIenH

eday ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmanGakarCaGtæza RBHtRmas´rbs´RBHmanRBH-

PaKenaH lÁitlÁnédayn&yepSg> taMgeLIgedayGZüaRs&yminEmn

tic sm|ÚrN¾edayGtæ nigBüJ¢n; man:diharüepSg> RCaleRCA

edayZm( Gtæ eTsna nigbdievZ mkkan´KnøgénesatRKadMbUg KYr

dl´karsikSaedayPasarbsér[g> xø Ün énstVTaMgenaH GñkNahñ@

nwgGacyl´:nedayRbkarTaMgBYg sUm|InwgoekItesckþIR:zñaedIm|I

nwgsþab´ edaykarTaMgBYgza x\ ú Msþab´mkyägenH KW sUm|Ix\ ú Msþab´mk

ehIyedayGakarEtmüäg .

RBHGannÞkalnwgedaHxø Ünza x\ ú MminEmnsymÖÚ RBHsURtenH x\ ú M

min:neZVIoCakć|as´ eTIbsEmþgRBHsURtTaMgGsÉdlsmKYreJl

kñúgkal«LÚvenHza Évem μ sutM KWza sUm|Ix\ ú Mk*sþab´mkehIyyägenH

eday ÉvM s&BÞ EdlmanniTsSn;CaGtæ .

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RBHGannÞ kalsEmþgkmøaMg KW karRTRTgćaMrbs´xø Ün Edl

smKYrdl´Pav; EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sresIryägenHza mñal

Pik¡ úTaMgLayGannÞenH CaGñkRbesIrCagPik¡ úTaMgLay EdlCasavk

rbs´tzaKtEpñkBhusSÚt manKti mansti mankarRTRTgćaM Caó-

bdðak nigRBHZm μesnabtIeJlTukyägenHza RBHGannÞqøatkñúgGtæ

qøatkñúgZm( qøatkñúgBüJ¢n; qøatkñúgnirutþ i qøatkñúgJküxagedIm nig

xagcug dUecñH kaljúaMgnUvesckþIR:zñanwgsþab´rbs´stVTaMgLayekIt

eLIg eTIbeJlza Évem μ sutM ERbza x\ú Msþab´mkehIyyägenH Jkü

enaHÉg minxVHminelIsedayGtæ ßeJlGMBIBüJ¢n;yägenHbüeNÑaH

minKYreXIjCayägdéT edays&BÞza ÉvM EdlmanGvZarN;CaGtæ

enH .

eJlGMBI em s&BÞ

em s&BÞR:kdkñúgGtæ 3 yäg . BityägenaH em s&BÞ man

Gtæza mya dUckñúgRbeyaKEdlmanJküCaedImza Kaza PiKItem μ

GePaCeBa¦nyüM ERbza ePaCnEdl:nmkeRJHkareRc{g eyIgmin

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KYrbriePaK .

em s&BÞ manGtæza myØM dUckñ úgRb eyaKCaedImza saZu em

Penþ PKvasg¡ietþn Zm μ MeTestu ERbza bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn sUm

RbTanRBHverakas sUmRBHmanRBHPaKcUrsEmþgZm(edayseg¡bdl´

x\ ú MRBHGg<cuH .

em s&BÞ manGtæza mm dUckñúgRbeyaKza Zm μTayaTa em

Pik¡ev Pvz CaedIm ERbza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay BYkGñkcUrCaZm μTa-

yaTrbs´tzaKt EtkñúgTIenH KYreRbIkñ úgGtæ 2 yäg KW mya sutM

ERbza x\ ú Msþab´mkehIy nig mm sutM ERbza karsþab´rbs´x\ ú M .

eJlGMBI sut s&BÞ

sut s&BÞ kñ úgbTza sutM enH Cas&BÞmanóbsK< nigminman

óbsK< EckGtæ:neRcIn dUcGtæza kareTA R:kdehIy teRmk

snSM xVl´xVay sTÞarm μN¾ Edldwg:ndayesat; nigdwgtamvizI

énesatTVarCaedIm . BitdUecñaH sut s&BÞenH manGtæza eTA dUc

kñ úgRbeyaKza esnaybsueta CaedIm ERbza esnaXøateTA .

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sut s&BÞ manGtæza manZm(EdlR:kdehIy kñúgRbeyaK

za sutZm μsS bsSeta CaedIm ERbza manZm(EdlsþabéhIy

eXIjehIy .

sut s&BÞ manGtæza TTwkedayraK; nigminTTwkedayraK;

dUckñ úgRbeyaKza GvsSúta GnvsSútsS CaedIm ERbza Pik¡ únIman

teRmkcMeJHbuK<lEdlminmanteRmk .

sut s&BÞ manGtæza snSM kñ úgRbeyaKza tuemØhi buBa¦ M

bsutM Gnb|kM CaedIm ERbza buNüminEmntic EdlelakTaMgLay

snSMehIy .

sut s&BÞ manGtæza xVl´xVay KW karRbkber]y> kñúgQan

dUcRbeyaKza ey Qanbsuta ZIra CaedIm ERbza GñkR:C\TaMg

LayBYkNa xVl´xVayehIykñúgQan .

sut s&BÞ manGtæza sTÞarm μN¾ EdlbuK<lKb|Idwgeday

esat; dUckñ úgRbeyaKza Tidð M sutM mutM CaedIm ERbza rUbEdl

eyIgeXIjehIy sMeLgEdleyIg»ehIy BYkbIénZm(EdleyIgRCab

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ehIy .

sut s&BÞenH manGtæza dwgtamTVarénesatTVar nigRTRTgćaM

tamEdlxøÜndwgehIy dUckñ úgRbeyaKza sutZera sutsnñiceya

CaedIm ERbza RTRTg´TuknUvsut; snSMTuknUvsut; EtkñúgTIenHman

Gtæza cUleTARTRTg´TukehIy ßza karcUleTARTRTg´Tuk edayRkEs

énesatTVar . k*kalGtæén em s&BÞ za mya k*nwgRbkbesckþI

:nza x\ ú M:nsþab´mkehIy cUleTARTRTg´TukehIytamvizIénesat-

TVar kal em s&BÞ es μ Inwg mm k*nwgRbkbesckþI:nza karsþab´

KW karcUleTARTRTg´TukedayRkEsénesatTVarrbséyIg dUecñH .

bNþabTTaMg 3 enH edayRbkardUceJlmkenH bTza ÉvM

CabTsEmþgkic© rbs´viJ¦aN esatviJ¦aNCaedIm . bTza em Ca

bTsEmþgdl´buK<lEdlmankardl´RBmedayviJ¦aN EdlxøÜn:n

sþab´mkehIy . bTza sutM CabTsEmþgdl´karTTYlTukedaymin

xVHminelIs nigminvibrit edayPaBCaGñkminbdiesZcMeJHkarmin:n

sþab´mk . mYyeT[t bTza ÉvM CabTRbkasPav;EdlvizIénviJ¦aN

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enaH RbRBwtþeTAtamRkEsénesatTVar CaZm μCatiRbRBwtþeTAkñúgGarm μN¾

edayRbkarepSg> . bTza em CabTRbkasxøÜn . bTza sutM CabT

RbkasZm( .

k*kñúgRBH:lIenH manesckþIseg¡bdUecñHza x\ú Mmin:neZVIvtæúdéT

eRkAGMBIvtæ úenH KWza x\ ú Msþab´Zm(enHmk edayviJ¦aNvizIEdlRbRBwtþ

eTAkñúgGarm μN¾ manRbkarepSg> . mYyeT[t bTza ÉvM CabTRbkas

Zm(EdlKYrcgÁúlbgØaj . bTza em CabTRbkasbuK<l . bTza

sutM CabTRbkaskic© KW naTIrbs´buK<l . sut bTenH manGtæa-

Zib|ayza x\ ú MnwgsEmþgnUvsURtNa sURtenaH x\ ú M:nsþab´mkehIy

yägenH . mYyeT[t bTza ÉvM enH CabTcgÁúlbgØajedayGakar

epSg> éncitþsnþanEdlCatYkanýkGtæ; nigBüJ¢n;epSg> eday

lk¡N;EdlRbRBwtþeTAedayGakarepSg> eRJH ÉvM bTenH Cas&BÞ

sEmþgdl´bJ¦tþ irbs´Gakar . bTza em CabTsEmþgdl´GñkeZV I .

bTza sutM CabTsEmþgdl´Garm μN¾ . k*edayJküRtwmEtbüeNÑH

rEmgCaPav;éncitþsnþanRbRBwtþeTAedayGakarepSg> Kña eZVIkarsnñidðan

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kñ úgkarTTYlGarm μN¾rbs´GñkeZV IkarRBmeRB{gKñakñ úgcitþsnþanenaH .

müägeT[t bTza ÉvM CakarsEmþgnaTIrbs´buK<l .

bTza sutM sEmþgnaTIrbs´viJ¦aN . bTza em sEmþgdl´

buK<lEdlRbkbnaTITaMgBIr . k*kñ úgRBH:lIenH manesckþIseg¡b

za x\ú MCabuK<ldl´RBmedayviJ¦aNEdlmankarsþab´mkCakic© ‘naTI’

:nsþab´mkehIyedayevaharza svnkic© Edl:nmkehIy Cab´

edayviJ¦aN dUecñH . bNþabTTaMg 3 enaH bTza ÉvM nig em

CaGviC¢manb|J¦tþ i edayGMNacénscäiktæ; nigbrmtæsc©; . Edl

Bit kñúgRBH:lIenH manRbkarEdlKYrnwgcgÁ úlbgØajza ÉvM kþ I em

kþI eJlGMBIbrmtæ manyägNa . bTza sutM CaviC¢manb|J¦tþi

eRJHGarm μN¾Edl:nR:kdtamTVarénesatkñúgTIenaH manedaybr-

mtæ . müägeT[t bTza ÉvM nig em Caó:TabJ¦tþ i eRJHCaJkü

EdlbuK<lKb|IeJl GaRs&yykvtæúenaH> .

bTza sutM CaóbniZanb|J¦tþ i eRJHCaJküEdlbuK<lKb|I

eJl eRb{bpÞwmnwgGarm μN¾TaMgLay man«dðarm μN¾CaedIm .

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k*kñ úgRBH:lIenaH RBHGannÞ rEmgsEmþgesckþIminvegVgTuk

edayJküza ÉvM eRJHGñkvegVgehIy rEmgminGaccak´Zø úH:neday

RbkarepSg> nigrEmgsEmþgesckþIminPan´RcLMénJkü Edlelak

:nsþab´mkTukedayJküza sutM eRJHza ebIbuK<lmanJküEdl

:nsþab´ sþab´mkvehIyePøceTA rEmgnwgminRCabc|as´za JküenH

x\ ú M:nsþab´mkehIy edayrvagkal edayGakaryägenH RBHGannÞ

enH eTIbeQ μaHza manesckþIseRmcpøÚvbJ¦a eRJHesckþIminvegVg

nigmanesckþIseRmcpøÚvsti eRJHesckþIminPan´RcLM .

kñ úgesckþIseRmc 2 yägenaH ebIstimanbJ¦aCaRbZan k*

GaceZV IkarkMNt´:nBitR:kdkñúgBüJ¢n; ebIbJ¦amanstiCaRbZan

k*Gaccak´ZøúHkñúgGtæ k*eRJHRbkbedayGMNacénZm(TaMgBIrenaH RBH-

GannÞ eTIb:nnamza Zm μPNÐaKarik ‘XøaMgénRBHZm(’ eRJHGacnwg

rkSaRBHZm(osm|ÚrN¾ edayGtæ; nigBüJ¢n; .

n&ymüägeT[t RBHGannÞ sEmþgeyaniesamnsikarTukeday

Jküza ÉvM eRJHGñkminmaneyaniesamnsikar rEmgminGaccak´Zø úH

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:nedayRbkarepSg> . rEmgsEmþgPaBCaGñkmancitþminrevIrvay

edayJküza sutM enH eRJHcitþEdlrevIrvay mankarsþab´min:n .

BitehIy buK<lmancitþrevIrvay sUm|IGñkdéTniyayosm|ÚrN¾RKb´

yäg k*enAeJlza x\ ú Mmin:n» sUmniyaymþgeT[t .

k*bNþaKuNZm( 2 yägenaH kaleJlGMBIeyaniesamnsikar

RBHGannÞ rEmgoseRmcnUvGtþsm μabNiZi nigbueBVktbuBa¦ta eRJH

buK<lEdlmin:ntm,l´xø ÜnTukRbéB nigmin:neZVIbuNüTukkñ úgkal

munehIy nwgmaneyaniesamnsikarmin:n . eJlBIkarminrevIrvay

RBHGannÞ rEmgoseRmcnUvsTÆm μsSvn; nigsb|úrisUbsSy; eRJH

GñkmancitþrevIrvay rEmgminGacedIm|Isþab´ nigGñkminmanóbnisS&y

k*minmankaresBKbĆamYynwgsb|úrs .

n&ymYyeT[t x\ ú M:neJlTukehIyza eRJHbTza ÉvM rEmg

sEmþgéxdl´GakarepSg> éncitþsnþan EdlCatYTTYlykGtæ; nig

BüJ¢n;epSg> oRbRBwtþeTA edayGakarepSg> Kña k*lk¡N;Gakar

EdlceRmInyägenH rEmgminmandl´buK<lEdlmintm,l´xø ÜnTukRbéB

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ßmin:neZVIbuNüTukkñúgkalmun dUecñaH RBHGannÞ eTIbsEmþgsm|tþi

KW cRk 2 Rbkarxagcug edayGakard*eRcIn edayJküza ÉvM enH .

rEmgsEmþgsm|tþi KW cRk 2 RbkarxagedIm edayRbkbkarsþab´

edayJkü sutM enH . BitehIy kalbuK<lenAkñúgGavas Edlmin

EmnCa bdirUbeTs ßev[rcakkaresBKb´sb|úrs rEmgminmankar

sþab´ . edayn&yenH GasysuTÆi ‘KWesckþIseRmcénGZüaRs&y’

rEmgCakarseRmcdlélak eRJHesckþIseRmcéncRk 2 Rbkarxag

cug . beyaKsuTÆi ‘KWesckþIseRmcénbeyaK;’ rEmgCakarseRmc

eRJHcRk 2 RbkarxagedIm . k*edayesckþIbrisuTÆ iénGasy;enaH

elakeTIbCaGñkQøasqøatkñúgkarseRmcmK<pl . eRJHesckþIbri-

suTÆ iénbeyaK;enaH elakeTIbCaGñkQøaséRkElgkñúgRBHbriytþi .

edayehtuenH Jkürbs´RBHGannÞGñkmanbeyaK; nigGasy;

brisuTÆ iehIy GñkbribUN(ehIyedaykarseRmcmK<pl rEmgsmKYr

edIm|ICaJküxagedIm sRmab´TTYlnUvRBHtRmas´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaK

eRb{bdUcBnøWénGruNCa KW CanimitþénRBHGaTitünwgrHeLIg yägNa

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eyaniesamnsikar Canimitþénkuslkm μ dUecñaH ehtuenaH RBHGannÞ

kalnwgepþImJküEdlCaniTankñúgfan;EdlKYr eTIbeJlbTza Évem μ

sutM CaedIm n&ymYyeT[t RBHGannÞ rEmgsEmþgPavsm|tþi KW

Gtæb|dismÖiTa nigbdiPaNb|dismÖiTarbs´xøÜn edayJküEdlsEmþg

dl´karcak´Zø úH:n edayRbkarepSg> za ÉvM enH . elakrEmg

sEmþgPavsm|tþi KW Zm μb|dismÖiTa nignirutþ ib|dismÖiTa edayJkü

EdlsEmþgdl´karcak´Zø úHRbePTénZm( EdlbuK<lKb|Isþab´za sutM

enH .

mYyeT[t RBHGannÞ kalnwgeJlJküEdlsEmþgdléya-

niesamnsikareday ÉvM enH . eTIbsEmþgza Zm(TaMgenH x\ ú Msmøwg

edaycitþ x\ ú Mcak´Zø úHlÁehIyedayTidð i dUecñH . kaleJlJküEdl

sEmþgdl´karRbkbkarsþabéday sutM enH eTIbsEmþgza Zm(Ca

eRcIn x\ ú M:nsþab´mkehIy RTRTgćaMTukehIy snSMTukehIyeday

bJ¦a dUecñH kalelaknwgsEmþgGtæ nigBüJ¢n;obribUrN( eday

JküsUm|ITaMg 2 enaH rEmgeZVIkareGIeBIkñúgkarsþabóekIteLIg eRJH

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za kalbuK<lminsþab´Zm( EdlbribUrN(edayGtæ nigBüJ¢n; eday

eKarB rEmgCaGñkXøatqáaycakRbeyaCn¾d*ZM eRJHehtuenH buK<l

Kb|IeZV IesckþIeKarBkñ úgkarsþab´Zm(oekIteLIgcuH .

mYyeT[t edayJküTaMgGs´za Évem μ sutM enH RBHGannÞ

kalminRTRTg´Zm(EdlRBHtzaKtRbkasehIyTuksRmab´xø Ün eTIb

eQ μaHza rEmgQanknøgPUmirbs´Gsb|úrs kalebþC\aPaBCasavk

eQ μaHza rEmgQancuHkan´PUmiénsb|úrs . RBHGannÞ rEmgjúaMg

citþrbsélakoec[secjcakGsTÆm μ nigocitþrbsélaktaMgenA

kñúgRBHsTÆm μ edayTMngenaHdUcKña kalelaksEmþgza k*RBHtRmas´

rbs´RBHmanRBHPaKenaHÉg x\ú M:nsþab´mkehIyEtmüägbüeNÑaH dUecñH

eQ μaHza rEmgedaHxø Ünecj rEmgsEmþgGagRBHsasþa rEmgjúaMg

RBHtRmas´rbs´RBHCinRsIoCitsñiTÆ rEmgjúaMgZm μenþtiotaMgenA .

müägeT[t RBHGannÞ kalminebþC\a ‘minTTYl’ nUvRBHtRmas´

rbs´RBHmanRBHPaKza CaZm(EdlxøÜneZV IoekIteLIg ebIkbgØajnUv

kar:nsþab´mktaMgBIxagedIm edaybTza Évem μ sutM dUecñH eQ μaH

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za rEmgjúaMgkarminmansTÆaovinas rEmgjúaMgsTÆasm|tþikñ úgZm(

enHoekIteLIgdléTvta nigmnusSTaMgBYgza RBHtRmasénH x\ ú M:n

TTYlmkcMeJHRBHP&®kþrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK CaGñkekø{vkøaedayevsa-

rC¢J¦aN 4 CaGñkRTRTg´TuknUvTsBlBa¦aN RTg´taMgenAkñ úgGa-

sPfan ‘fan;d*RbesIr’ RTg´bnøWsIhnaT RTg´x¬s´bMputCagsBVstV

RTgĆaZMkñ úgZm( RTgĆaZm μraCa RTgĆaZm μaZibtI RTg´manZm(dUcCa

RbTIb RTg´manZm(CasrN; RTg´júaMgcRkd*RbesIr KW RBHZm( o

RbRBwtþeTA RTgĆaRBHsm μasm¬úTÆRBHGg<enaH kñúgRBHtRmasénH nrNa>

minKYreZVIesckþIsgS&y ßeg]gqál´kñúgGtæ kñúgZm( kñúgbT ßkñúgBüJ¢n;

dUecñH edayehtuenH RBHGdðkzacarü eTIbcgJküCaKazaTukza ?

vinasyti GsSTÆM sTÆM veD¿ti sasen

Évem μ sutmiec©tM vTM eKatmsaveka .

RBHGannÞ Casavkrbs´RBHsmNeKatm eJlyägenHza

x\ú M:nsþab´mkehIyyägenH enHeQ μaHza rEmgjúaMgPaBCaGñkminman

sTÆaovinas rEmgjúaMgsTÆasm|tþioceRmInkñúgRBHBuTÆsasna dUecñH .

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eJlGMBI ÉkM smyM

bTza ÉkM sEmþgkarkMNtćMnYn . bTza smyM sEmþg

sm&y ‘KWevla’ EdlkMNt´TukehIy . bTza ÉkM smyM sEmþg

sm&yEdlkMNt´TukminBitR:kd . smy s&BÞ kñúgbTza smyM

enH eRbIkñ úgGtæza esckþIRBmeRB{gKña kñ úgGtæza xN; kñúgGtæza

kalevla kñúgGtæza RbCuM kñ úgGtæza ehtu nigTidð i kñ úgGtæza :n

cMeBaH kñ úgGtæza lHbg´ kñ úgGtæza cak´Zø úH .

BitehIy smy s&BÞenH manGtæza RBmeRB{gKña dUckñ úg

RbeyaKza Geb|v nam esVbi óbsg,emyüam kalBa© smyBa©

ó:Tay dUecñHCaedIm ERbza RbsinebI BYkeyIgGaRs&ykalevla

nigesckþIRBmeRB{gKña:nehIy k*Kb|IcUleTAkñ úgézáEsÁkenH .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza xN; dUckñúgRbeyaKza Éeka c exa

Pik¡ev xeNa c smeya c RBh μcriyvasay CaedIm ERbza mñal

Pik¡ úTaMgLay k*xN;mYy sm&ymYyman edIm|IkarRbRBwtþRBh μ-

criy; .

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smy s&BÞ manGtæza kalevla dUckñ úgRbeyaKza óNØ-

smeya briLahsmeya CaedIm ERbza evlaekþA evlaRkhl´

Rkhay .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza RbCu M dUckñ úgRbeyaKza mhasm-

eya bvns μ w CaedIm ERbza RbCuMZMkñ úgéRBZM .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza ehtu dUckñ úgRbeyaKza smeyabi

exa et ÇÇÇGb|divieTÆa Gehasi CaedIm ERbza mñalPTÞali sUm|Iehtu

enHÉg :nCasm&yEdlelakminTan´:ncak´Zø úHza RBHmanRBHPaK

Rbzab´kñ úgRkúgsavtæ I sUm|IRBHmanRBHPaKnwgRTg´RCabeyIgza P ik ¡ ú

eQ μaH PTÞali CaGñkmineZVIobribUN(kñúgsik¡akñúgsasnarbs´RBHsasþa

dUecñH mñalPTÞali ehtusUm|IenH :nCasm&yEdlGñkmincak´Zø úH

ehIy .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza Tidð i dUckñ úgRbeyaKza etn exa bn

smeyn ÇÇÇGaraem bdivsti CaedIm ERbza k*sm&yenaHÉg briBVaCk

eQ μaH óK<ahmanH CabuRtrbsńagsmNmuNÐika enAGaRs&ykñúg

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Garamrbsńagmløika EdlmansalamYyxñg manedImTnøab´duHer[g

KñaCu Mv ijCaTIsnÞnaKñaBIer]gTidð i .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza :ncMeBaH dUckñ úgJküCaKazaza ?

Tiedð Zem μ c eya Getæa eya cetæa sm|-

rayieka GtæaPismya ZIera bNÐietati bvuc©ti

GñkmanbJ¦aCaeRK}gRTRTg´ tzaKteJlza CabNÐit

eRJHkar:ncMeJHnUvRbeyaCn¾kñúgTidðZm( nigRbeyaCn¾

Edl RbRBwtþeTAkñ úgsm|rayikPB .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza lHbg´ dUckñ úgRbeyaKza sm μa

manaPismya Gnþmkasi Tuk¡sS CaedIm ERbza :neZVInUvTIbMputén

Tuk¡ehIy eRJHlHbg´mananus&y:nedayRbéB .

smy s&BÞ manGtæza cak´Zø úH dUckñ úgRbeyaKza Tuk¡sS-

biLnedða ÇÇÇGPismyedæa CaedIm ERbza Tuk¡ manGtæza eb[teb[n

manGtæza RtÚvbc©&ytakÉtg manGtæza duteral manGtæza ERbRbÜl

manGtæza cak´Zø úH .

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Etkñ úgbkrN¾enH smy s&BÞ manGtæza kalevla eday

ehtuenaH elakRBHGannÞeTIbsEmþgza sm&ymYy bNþasm&yTaMg

Lay EdlCaRbePTénkalevla manqña M rdUv Ex knøHEx eBlyb´

eBlézá eBlRBwk eBlézáRtg´ eBlláac bfmyam mCÄimyam

bcäimyam nigmYyEPøtCaedIm .

kñúgJküza sm&ymYy enaHkñúgbNþasm&yTaMgLay manqñaM

CaedImTaMgenH RBHsURtNa> EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´Tukkñ úgqñaM

kñ úgrdUv kñ úgEx kñúgbk¡ kñ úgevlaEdlCacMENkeBlyb´ kñ úgevla

EdlCacMENkeBlézá Na> RBHsURtTaMgGsénaH RBHGannÞRCab

lÁehIy kMNt´lÁehIy edaybJ¦a sUm|IBityägenaH k*eRJHkal

RBHezr;nwgeJlyägenHza x\ ú M:nsþab´mkehIyyägenH kñ úgqña M

ÉeNaH kñ úgrdUvÉeNaH kñ úgExÉeNaH kñ úgbk¡ÉeNaH kñ úgkalEdl

CacMENkénraRtIÉeNaH ßza kñ úgkalEdlCacMENkénTivaÉeNaH

yägenH GñkNa> k*minGacedIm|IRTRTgćaMTuk:n ßsEmþg:n ßza

oGñkdéTsEmþg:nedaygayeLIy TaMgCaJküEdlelakRtÚveJl

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eRcIn dUecñaH RBHezr;eTIbRbmUlesckþIdUceJlehIyenaH TukRtwm

EtbTEtmYybüeNÑaHza sm&ymYy dUecñH .

müägeT[t RBHGannÞ rEmgsEmþgdl´sm&yTaMgLayrbs´

RBHmanRBHPaK EdlmanRbePTénkalminEmntic tamEdlR:kd

c|as´kñúgBYkeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay manCaedImyägenH KW sm&y

EdlRBHGg<esþcyagcuHkan´RBHKP( sm&yEdlRBHGg<RbsUti sm&y

EdlRBHGg<RTg´søútRBHh#T&y sm&yEdlRBHGg<esþcecjRBHpñÜs

sm&yEdlRBHGg<RTg´QñHmar sm&yEdlRBHGg<Rtas´dwg sm&y

EdlRBHGg<RbzabĆasuxkñúgTidðZm( sm&yEdlRBHGg<RtaséTsna

‘kEnøgxøHsEmþgsm&yEdldak´RBHCn μayusg¡arpg’ sm&yEdlRBH

Gg<esþcrlt´xnÆbriniBVan bNþasm&yTaMgenaH sm&ymYy eJlKW

sm&yEdlRtaséTsnaTuk .

mYyeT[t bNþasm&yénjaNkic© nigkruNakic© sm&yén

RBHkruNakic©Na kñúgbNþasm&yEdlRTg´bdibtþiedIm|IRbeyaCn¾dl´

RBHGg< nigedIm|Idl´buK<ldéT sm&yénkarbdibtþiedIm|IRbeyaCn¾dl´

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buK<ldéTNa kñúgsm&yénRBHkrNIykic©TaMgBIrdl´GñkRbCuM sm&y

RTg´sEmþgZm μ IkzaNa kñúgbNþasm&yéneTsna nigbdibtþism&yén

eTsnaNa RBHGannÞeJlza ²sm&ymYy³ dUecñH sMedAyksm&y

NamYy kñúgbNþasm&yTaMgenaH .

sYrza k*kñ úgRBHsURtenH elakeZV IJkücgÁ úlbgØajTukeday

TutiyaviPtþiza ÉkM smyM mindUckñúgRBHGPiZm μEdleZVITukedaystþ-

mIviPtþ iza ys μ wsmey kamavcrM nigbTénsURtdéTeRkAGMBIRBHGPi-

Zm μenH k*eZV InieTÞsTukedayPUm μvcn;za ys μ w smey Pik¡ev viv iec©v

kaemhi ERbza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay kñúgsm&yNa Pik¡ úsáatéhIycak

kamTaMgLay cMENkkñúgRBHvin&yelakeZVInieTÞsTuk edayttiya-

viPtþiza etn smeyn BueTÆa PKva dUecñH eRJHehtuGVI .

eqø Iyza eRJHkñúgRBHGPiZm μ nigRBHvin&ymanGtædUecñaH Et

RBHsURt manGtæCayägdéT .

BitehIy kñ úgbNþabidk 3 enaH kñ úgRBHGPiZm μbidk nigbT

énsURtdéTBIGPiZm μenH smy s&BÞ rEmgseRmcesckþI manGtæ

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énGZikrN; nigmankarkMNt´dl´Pav; ‘sPavZm(’ edayPav;CaGtæ

eRJHGZikrN; manGtæes μ Inwgsmys&BÞ EdlmankalCaGtæ man

smUh;CaGtæ . sPavZm(TaMgLay manpsS;CaedIm EdlRBHman-

PaK RTg´Rtas´Tukkñ úgRBHGPiZm μ nigbTénsURtdéTeRkABIGPiZm μenH

elakkMNt´TukedayPav;énsm&y eJlKW xN; smvay; ‘kar

RbCu M’ nigehtu eRJHdUecñaH edIm|IbMPø WGtæenaH elakeTIbeZV InieTÞsTuk

kñúgTIenH edayPUm μvcn; .

EtkñúgRBHvin&y smy s&BÞ rEmgoseRmckic© manehtuCa

Gtæ nigmankrN;CaGtæ .

BitNas´ sm&yNa EdlCasm&yRBHGg<RTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abT

‘RBHvin&y’ sm&yenaH sUm|IRBHsavkTaMgLay manRBHsarIbuRtCa

edIm k*Kb|Idwg:nedaylM:k eRJHRBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRTg´

bJ¦tþisik¡abTTaMgLay edaysm&yEdlCakal Caehtu nigCakrN;

enaH RTg´BicarNaehtuénkarbJ¦tþisik¡abT esþcRbzabénAkñúgTIenaH>

eRJHdUecñaH edIm|IbMPø WGtæ;enaH elakeTIbeZV InieTÞs smy s&BÞ Tuk

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edaykrNvcn; kñúgRBHvin&yenaH .

cMENkkñúgRBHsutnþ;enH nigkñ úgsURtdéT Edlmaner]gekIt

eLIgyägenH smy s&BÞ rEmgseRmcGtæénGc©nþsMeyaKTutiya-

viPtþ i .

BitehIy RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´sEmþgRBHsURtenH ßRBHsURt

déT rhUtdl´Gs´sm&yNa :nesþcRbzabénAedayZm(CaeRK}g

enA KW RBHmhakruNa rhUtdl´Gs´sm&yenaHÉg eRJHdUecñaH edIm|I

bMPø WesckþIenaH elakeTIbeZV InieTÞsTuk edayóbeyaKvcnTutiya-

viPtþ i kñ úgRBHsURtenH eRBaHehtuenH elakeTIbRbB&nÆCaKazaTukza

tnþM Gtæmevk¡ itVa Puem μn kreNn c

GBa¦Rt smeya vuetþa óbeyaeKn esa «Z

elakBicarNaesckþIenaH> ehIy eTIbeJl smy

s&BÞkñúgTIdéT> KW kñúgRBHGPiZm μ edayPUm μvcn; ‘stþ-

mIviPtþi’ kñúgRBHvin&y edaykrNvcn; ‘ttiyaviPtþi’

EtkñúgRBHsutnþ;enH elakeJl smy s&BÞ eday

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óbeyaKvcn; ‘TutiyaviPtþ i’ dUecñH .

cMENkRBHburaNacarüTaMgLay BN(naTukza smy s&BÞenH

epSgKñaRtwmEtevaharza ts μ w smey ß etn smeyn ß tM smyM

büeNÑaH kñ úgbIdkTaMg 3 enaH smy s&BÞ manGtæCaPUm μvcn;Et

müägbüeNÑaH eRJHehtuenH sUm|InwgeJlza ÉkM smyM k*Kb|I

RCabza manGtæes μ In wg Éks μ w smey dUecñH .

eJlGMBIbT PKva

bTza PKva :ndl´ RKÚ . eRJHbNÐitkñ úgelak ehARKÚza

PKva BitehIy RBHmanRBHPaK RTgĆaRKÚrbs´sBVstVTaMgLay

eRJHRBHGg<RTgĆabuK<lviessbMputedayKuNTaMgBYg eRJHdUecñaH

bNÐitKb|IRCabJküza PKva dUecñH . sUm|IRBHburaNacarüTaMgLay

k*eJlza ?

PKvati vcnM esdðM PKvati vcnmutþmM

KuruKarvyuetþa esa PKva etn vuc©ti

Jküza PKva CaJküRbesIrbMput Jküza PKva Ca

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Jküx¬s´bMput RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGg<enaH KYrdl´kar

eKarBedayfan;CaRKÚ eRJHehtuenaH RBHGg<eTIbRTg´

RBHnamza PKva dUecñH .

müägeT[t bNÐitKb|IRCabGtæénbTenaHedayBisþar eday

GMNacénKazaenHza ?

PaKüva PK<va yuetþa PeK<hi c viPtþva

Ptþva vnþKmena Pevsu PKva teta

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGg<enaH RTg´maneCaK RTg´kac´bM:k´

kiels:nehIy RTg´RbkbedayPKZm( RTgÉckZm(

RTgésBZm( RTg´km©at´PBTaMgLayehIy ehtuenaH

RBHGg< eTIbRTg´RBHnamza PKva dUecñH .

k*Gtæén PKva enaH x\ú MeJlTukehIykñúgnieTÞsénBuTÆanusSti

kñ úgbkrN¾viess eQ μaHza visuTÆ imK<enaHÉg .

k*edaylMdab´énJküRtwmEtbüeNÑH RBHGannÞkalsEmþgZm(

tamEdl:nsþab´mk eQ μaHza rEmgeZVIZm μkayrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK

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oRbckSTuk edayJküza Évem μ sutM kñ úgRBHsURtenH edayJkü

enaHÉg RBHGannÞ eQ μaHza obris&TCaGñkxVl´xVay eRJHmin:n

eXIjRBHbrmsasþaoRsalcitþza :vcn; ‘KWRBHZm(vin&y’ enH man

RBHbrmsasþaknøgeTAehIyk*minEmn RBHZm(vin&yenH CaRBHbrm-

sasþarbsélakTaMgLay dUecñH .

edayJküza ÉkM smyM PKva RBHGannÞ kalsEmþgdl´

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´minmanenAkñ úgsm&yenaH eQ μaHza rEmgRbkas

karbriniBVanrbs´rUbkay edayJküenaHÉg RBHGannÞ eQ μaHza júaMg

bris&TEdlRsvwgkñúgCIvit oekItesckþItk´søút TaMgesckþIósSah¾

kñ úgRBHsTÆm μekIteLIgdl´bris&Tza sUm|IRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGg<enaH

EdlmanRBHvrkayes μ IedayduMeBRC RTg´mankmøaMg 10 RTg´sEmþg

GriyZm(eQ μaHyägenH> enAEtesþcrlt´xnÆbriniBVan:n GñkdéT

Nahñ@ nwgKb|ImanesckþIR:zñakñ úgCIvit dUecñH .

mYyeT[t RBHGannÞ kaleJlJküza ÉvM eQ μaHza rEmg

sEmþgdléTsnasm|tþi kaleJlza em sutM eQ μaHza rEmgsEmþg

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dl´savksm|tþi kaleJlza ÉkM smyM eQ μaHza rEmgsEmþg

dl´kalsm|tþi kaleJlJküza PKva eQ μaHza rEmgsEmþgeTs-

ksm|tþi dUecñH . bTza savtæiyM :ndl´ kñ úgnKrEdlmaneQ μaH

yägenH . k*Jküza savtæiyM enH CastþmIviPtþicuHkñ úgGtæza Cit .

bTza vihrti CaJküsEmþgdlésckþIdl´RBmedayviharZm(yäg

NamYy kñúgbNþa«riyabzvihar TiBVvihar RBh μvihar nigGriyvihar

edayminEbøkKña EtkñúgTIenH Jküza vihrti enH CaJküsEmþgdl´

karRbkbeday«riyabzNamYy kñúgbNþa«riyabzTaMgLayRbePT

epSg> mankarQr karedIr karGg<úy nigkaredk . edayehtuenaH

RBHmanRBHPaK Rbzab´QrkþI esþcyageTAkþ I Rbzab´Gg<úykþI pÞ Mkþ I

bNÐitKb|IRCabza rEmgRbzabénAn@ uHÉg .

BitehIy RBHGg<RTg´bM:tésckþIlM:kén«riyabzmYyeday

«riyabzmYy RTgńaMGtþPaBeTA KW oRbRBwtþeTA minoRTúDeRTam

eRJHehtuenaH RBHGannÞeTIbeJlza rEmgRbzabénA dUecñH .

bTza eCtven :ndl´ kñ úgóTüanrbs´RBHraCkumar RTg´RBH

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namza eCt . BitNas´ RBHraCóTüanenaH RBHraCkumarGg<enaH

RTg´sagedaylÁehIy eRBaHehtuenaH RBHraCóTüanenaH eTIbeQ μaH

za eCtv&n dUecñaH RBHGannÞeTIbeJlza kñúgRBHeCtv&nenaH dUecñH .

bTza GnazbiNÐiksSGaraem esckþIza kñ úgGaramEdldl´karrab´

za Carbs´GnazbiNÐikKhbtI eRJHKhbtI eQ μaHza GnazbiNÐik;

zVaydl´RBHPik¡ úsg¹ manRBHBuTÆCaRbZan edaykarbric©aKR:k´man

RbmaN 54 ekadi . esckþIseg¡bkñ úgRBHsURtenH manRtwmEt

büeNÑH . cMENkesckþIBisþar RBHGdðkzacarüBN(naTukkñ úgsBVa-

svsutþvNÑna kñ úgGdðkzamCÄimnikay eQ μaH bbBa©sUTnI .

kñ úgesckþIenH ebImanGñkCMTas´za RbsinebI RBHmanRBHPaK

RbzabénAkñúgRkúgsavtæI RBHezr;k*minKYrnwgeBalza RBHmanRBHPaK

RbzabénAkñúgvtþeCtBn ebIRbzabénAkñúgvtþeCtBn k*minKYrnwgeBal

za RbzabénAkñ úgRBHnKrsavtæI dUecñH eRJHza RBHmanRBHPaKmin

GacRbzabénAkñ úgsæanTIBIrkEnøgRBm> Kña kñ úgevlaEtmYy .

eqø Iyza RbkarenaH minKb|IeXIjyägenaH eRJHx\ú M:neJl

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TukehIyminEmnßza Jküza savtæiyM CastþmIviPtþ i cuHkñ úgGtæza

Cit dUecñaH kñ úgTIenH vtþeCtBnenH enACitRBHnKrsavtæI RBHman-

RBHPaKkalRbzabénAkñ úgTIenaH RBHGannÞ eTIbeJlza savtæiyM

vihrti eCtven EdlERbza RbzabénAkñúgvtþeCtBn CitRBHnKrsavtæI

eRb{bdUchVÚgeKaTaMgLayRtacéTACitTenøKg<a nigTenøymunaCaedIm

eKrEmgehAza RtacéTACitTenøKg<a RtacéTACitTenøymuna dUecñaH .

BitNas´ Jküza savtæI RBHezr;eJlTukedIm|IsEmþgdl´

eKacrRKamrbs´RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGg<enaH Jküd*ess elakeJl

edIm|IsEmþgdl´sæanTIenAGaRs&yEdlsmKYrdl´bBVCit .

bTza GBa¦tra eTvta :ndl´ eTvtam YyGg< Edlman

nam nigeKaRtminR:kd . k*kñ úgJküza bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn RBH

manRBHPaK RTg´rEmgRCabéRkElgdl´karbUCarbs´x\ú MRBHGg< RBHGg<

:nRtas´dl´vimutþ i EdlCaZm(GséTAéntNØadlýk¡GñkmanskiþZM

mYyGg< edayZm(d*seg¡b dUecñH sUm|Iesþcsk,eTvraC EdlR:kd

ehIy elakk*eJlza GBa¦tera sMedAdl´ mYyGg< .

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mYyeT[t Jküza eTvta enH CaJküTUeTAdléTvtaTaMgLay

sUm|IEteTBZItaTaMgLay EtkñúgTIenH elakR:zñaykeTvbuRt . k*

eTvbuRtenaHÉg Gg<NamYy kñúgbNþaCan´rU:vcrPUmi .

eJlGMBI GPik,nþ s&BÞ

GPik,nþ s&BÞ kñ úgbTza GPik,nþay rtþiya enH R:kdkñúgGtæ

za karGséTA ‘knøgeTA’ lÁ sÁat eRtkGréRkElgCaedIm .

kñúgbNþaJküTaMgenaH GPik,nþ s&BÞ R:kdkñúgGtæza Gs´

eTA dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanCaedImza GPik,nþa Penþ rtþ i nik¡enþa bfema

yaema cirM nisienña Pik¡ úsMeXa óTÞistu Penþ PKva Pik¡ ÚnM :tiemak¡ M

ERbza bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn raRtIGséTAehIy bfmyamknøgeTA

ehIy Pik¡ úsg¹Gg<úyGs´kalyUrehIy bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn sUm

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´sEmþg:diemak¡dl´Pik¡ úTaMgLaycuH .

GPik,nþ s&BÞ kñúgGtæza lÁ dUckñúgRbeyaKmanCaedImza GyM

«emsM ctunñ M buK<lanM GPik,nþtera bNIttera c ERbza buK<lenH

lÁCag RbNItCagbuK<lTaMg 4 enH .

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eka em vNÞti :Tani «TÆ iya ysSa ClM GPik,enþn

veNÑn sBVa OPasyM Tisa GñkNahñ@ ruger]geday#TÆi eday

ys manvNÑsÁatlÁ júaMgTisTaMgBYgoPøWr uger]g mkzVaybgM<eCIg

rbs´tzaKt .

GPik,nþ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza eRtkGréRkElg dUckñ úgRbeyaK

manCaedImza GPik,nþ M ePa eKatmM GPik,nþ M ePa eKatmM ERbza

bBiRtRBHeKatmd*ceRmIn KYreRtkGréRkElg bBiRtRBHeKatmd*ceRmIn

KYreRtkGréRkElg .

EtkñúgTIenH GPik,nþ s&BÞ eRbIkñ úgGtæza GséTA edayJkü

enaH elakeTIbeJlza kalénraRtIGséTAehIy GséTAedayCuMvij

ehIy . kñúgesckþIenaH Kb|IRCabza eTvbuRtenH mkehIykñúgevla

CitTIbMputénmCÄimyamenaHÉg .

:n»za eTvtaTaMgLay kalmkkan´TIbeRmIrbs´RBHBuTÆ ß

savkrbs´RBHBuTÆ rEmgmkkñúgevlamCÄimyambüeNÑaH enHCaniyam

rbséTvtaTaMgLay . GPik,nþ s&BÞ kñ úgJküza GPik,nþvNÑa enH

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eRbIkñ úgGtæza vNÑ;lÁ .

eJlGMBI vNÑ s&BÞ

vNÑ s&BÞ R:kdkñúgGtæ:neRcInyäg dUckñ úgGtæza sm|úr

KuN kulvK<; ‘RtkUl’ ehtu RTg´RTay xñat rU:ytn; CaedIm .

kñúgbNþaGtæTaMgenaH vNÑ s&BÞ eRbIkñ úgGtæza sm|úr dUckñ úg

RbeyaKmanCaedImza suvNÑveNÑa PKva ERbza RBHmanRBHPaK

mansm|úrdUcvNÑ;énmas .

vNÑ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza KuN dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanCaedImza kTa

sBüúNØa bn et Khbti smNsS eKatmsS vNÑa ERbza

mñalKhbtI elakRbmUlKuNrbs´RBHsmNeKatmmk TukBIkal

Na .

vNÑ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza RtkUl ‘kulvK<’ dUckñ úgRbeyaKman

CaedImza ctþaera em ePa eKatema vNÑa ERbza bBiRtRBHeKatm

d*ceRmIn RtkUlTaMg 4 enH .

vNÑ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza ehtu ‘karN¾’ dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanCa

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edImza kñ úgsMyutþnikay vnsMyutþza Gz ekn nu veNÑn KnÆetæ-

enati vuc©ti ERbza ebIdUecñH ehtuGV I GñkeTIbeJlza eyIglYckøin .

vNÑ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza RTg´RTay ‘sNðan’ dUckñ úgRbeyaK

manCaedImyägenHza mhnþM htæiraCvNÑM GPinim μ in itVa ERbza nim μ it

RTg´RTayCaesþcdMrIZM .

vNÑ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza xñat ‘bmaN’ dUckñúgRbeyaKmanCa

edImyägenHza teyabtþsS vNÑa ERbza xñatrbs´:Rt 3 yäg .

vNÑ s&BÞ kñ úgGtæza rU:ytn; dUckñúgRbeyaKmanCaedIm

yägenHza veNÑa KenÆa resa OCa ERbza BN( kø in rs OC; .

kñúgTIenH vNÑ s&BÞenaH elakeRbIkñ úgGtæza sm|úr eday

JküenaHÉg elakGZib|ayza manvNÑ;lÁ KW sm|úrlÁ manvNÑ;

KYrR:zña manvNÑ;CaTIeBjcitþ .

BitehIy eTvtaTaMgLay kalmkkan´mnusSelak lHvNÑ;

EdlmanenAtamRbRktI nig#TÆitamRbRktI ehIyeZVIGtþPaBoeRKat

RKat eZV IvNÑ;:neRcInyäg TaMgeZV I#TÆ ik*:neRcInyäg kalnwgeTA

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kan´sæanTITaMgLay mansæanTICaTIsEmþgmehaRsBCaedIm rEmgmk

edaykayEdlxøÜntakÉtgehIy . eTvtaTaMgLay Can´kamavcr

sUm|ImankayEdlxøÜnmin:ntakÉtgehIy k*GacedIm|InwgmkkñúgTI

enaH:n cMENkeTvtaCan´rU:vcr minGac . GtþPaBrbséTvtaTaMg

GsénaHCakaylÁitéRkElg karseRmckic©eday«riyabzedayGtþ-

PaBenaHman eRBaHehtudUecñaH eTvbuRtenH eTIbmkedaykarEdlxøÜn

takÉtgehIyenaHÉg . eRJHdUecñaH elakeTIbeJlTukza GPik,-

nþvNÑa manvNÑ;lÁ .

eJlGMBI ekvl s&BÞ

ekvl s&BÞ kñ úgJküza ekvlkb|M enH manGtæCaGenk

dUckñ úgGtæza edayminmancMENkenAsl´ edayeRcIn TaMgGs´ kar

manmineRcIn rwgmaM karEbkecjBIKña CaedIm .

BitdUecñaH ekvl s&BÞ manesckþIsMedAdl´ esckþIminman

cMENkenAsl´ dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanJküza ekvlbribuNÑM brisuTÆ M

RBh μcriyM CaedIm cUrRbkasRBh μcriyobrisuTÆibribUN(edayCMuvij .

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ekvl s&BÞ manGtæn&yza edayeRcIn dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedIm

za ekvlaGg<mKZa bhUtM xaTnIyM ePaCnIyM GaTay óbsg,-

misSnþi CaedIm ERbza kanýkxaTniy; nigePaCniy; GMBIEdnGg<;

nigEdnmKZ;RtwmEtl μm ehIynwgcUleTA .

ekvl s&BÞ manesckþIza TaMgGs´ dUckñ úgRbeyaKCaedImza

ekvl Tuk¡k¡nÆsS smuTeya ehati CaedIm ERbza smuT&y rEmg

Ca ‘ehtu’ énkgTuk¡TaMgmUl .

ekvl s&BÞ manesckþIza esckþImanmineRcIn dUckñúgRbeyaK

CaedImza ekvlM sTÆamtþkM nnu Gymays μa CaedIm ERbza elak

d*manGayuoZm(RtwmEtza sTÆamanRbmaNmineRcIn RbRBwtþeTAmin

Emnß .

ekvl s&BÞ manesckþIza esckþIRtÚvkaryägrwgmaM dUckñ úg

RbeyaKza Gays μeta GnuruTÆsS Bahieka nam sTÆiv iharieka ek-

vlMsMXePTay fieta CaedIm ERbza RBHGnuruTÆ mansTÆiviharik

eQ μaHza Bahik; taMgenArwgmaMkñ úgkarTmøaysg¹ .

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ekvl s&BÞ manesckþIza karEckecjBIBYk dUckñ úgRbeyaK

za ekvlI vusitVa ótþmburiesa vuc©ti ERbza enAEbkKña elakeJlza

Caótþmburs . EtkñúgTIenH elakbMNgyk ekvl s&BÞ EdleRbI

kñ úgesckþIza esckþIminmancMENkenAsl´ .

eJlGMBI kb| s&BÞ

kb| s&BÞenH manGtæCaGenk dUckñúgGtæza P¢ab´ ßeZVITukkñúg

citþ:n kñúgGtæza evahar kñ úgGtæza kal kñúgGtæza bJ¦tþ i kñ úgGtæ

za karkat´ ßekar kñúgGtæza vikb|; ‘RbmaN ßKYr’ kñúgGtæza els

‘elsn&y ßkarGagtictYc’ kñ úgGtæza eJlGMBICu Mv ijCaedIm .

BitehIy kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza P¢ab´ dUckñ úgRbeyaK

manCaedImyägenHza Okb|nIyemtM ePaeta eKatmsS yzatM

Grhetasm μasm¬úTÆsS ERbza RbkarenaH KYreZVITukkñúgcitþ:nza RBH

eKatmd*ceRmInCaRBHGrhnþsm μasm¬úTÆ .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza evahar ‘JkücgÁúlbgØaj’ dUc

kñúgRbeyaKmanCaedImyägenHza GnuCanami Pik¡ev bBa©hi smN-

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keb|hi plM briPuBa¢ itu M ERbza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay tzaKtGnuJ¦at

edIm|IkarbriePaKEpøeQI edayeZVIkb|;rbs´smN; 5 ‘kb|; 5 kñúg

RBHvin&yehAza eZV Ikb|iy; KW ?

1 GK<ibricitþ M EpøeQIEdldutedayePøIg

2 stæbricitþ M EpøeQIEdlecaHedays®sþa

3 nxbricitþ M EpøeQIEdlecaHedayRkck

4 GBICM EpøeQIEdlminEmnCaBUC

5 niBVdBICM EpøeQIEdlykRKabécjehIy .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza kal dUckñúgRbeyaKEdlman

CaedImza eyn suTM nic©kb|M vihrami ERbza RCabza eyIgnwgenA

rhUtdl´Gs´kalCanic© .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza bJ¦tþ i ‘sMedAdlńambJ¦tþ i KW

kartaMgeQ μaH’ dUckñ úgRbeyaKEdlmanCaedImyägenHza «c©ays μa

keb|a ERbza eRBaHehtuenH elakd*manGayu eTIbmaneQ μaHza kb|; .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza ekarkat´ dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanCa

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edImza kb|iteksmsSú ERbza ekarsk´ nigBukmatéRscehIy .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza vikb|; ‘RbmaN nigKYr’ dUc

kñ úgRbeyaKmanCaedImza kb|ti TVg< úlkeb|a ERbza RbmaNRBH

GaTitüeRC 2 Zñab´ k*KYr .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñ úgGtæza els ‘ehtubnþicbnþ Üc’ dUc

kñ úgRbeyaKmanCaedImza Gtæi keb|a nibC¢itM ERbza ehtubnþicbnþ Üc

EtgmanedIm|InwgTeRmtkaymanehIy .

kb| s&BÞ EdleRbIkñúgGtæza edayCuMvij dUckñúgRbeyaKman

CaedImyägenHza ekvlkb|M evLúvnM OPaestVa ERbza júaMgvtþ

eCtBnedayCuMvijoPøWsVagésV .

Et kb| s&BÞ kñúgTIenH elakbMNgykkñúgGtæza edayCuMvij

eRJHdUecñaH kñ úgJküza ekvlkb|M eCtvnM enH bNÐitKb|IeXIj

yägenHza júaMgvtþeCtBnedayCuMvijTaMgGs´ dUecñH .

bTza OPaestVa :ndl´ pSayeTAnUvrs μ IEdlekIteLIgGMBI

sMBt´ eRK}gRbdab´ nigsrIr; eZV Iomanrs μ IEtmYy omanOkasEt

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mYy dUcRBHcnÞ nigRBHGaTitü .

bTza eyn kñúgRbkarza eyn PKva etnubsg,mi enH Ca

ttiyaviPtþ icuHkñ úgGtæénstþmIviPtþ i dUecñaH Kb|IRCabesckþIkñ úgTIenH

za RBHmanRBHPaKRbzabénAkñ úgTINa eTvbuRtenaH k*cUleTAKal´

kñ úgTIenaH dUecñH .

müägeT[t Kb|IeXIjesckþIkñúgTIenH yägenHza RBHmanRBH-

PaK EdleTvta nigmnusSTaMgLayKb|IcUleTAKal´ edayehtuNa

eTvbuRtenaH k*cUleTAKaléhIyedayehtuenaH dUecñH .

sYrza eRJHehtuGV I RBHmanRBHPaK EdleTvta nigmnusS

TaMgLayKb|IcUleTAKal´ . eqø Iyza eRJHGñkTaMgenaHmanesckþI

R:zñaedIm|InwgseRmcKuNviessmanRbkarepSg> eRb{bdUcedImeQI

ZM EdlbeBa©jEpøRKb´rdUvkal EdlhVÚgstVTaMgLaynaMKñaeTAkan´

edImeQIenaH edayR:zñanwgcwksuInUvEpømanrsqáaj´ dUecñaH .

mYyeT[t bTza óbsg,mi manJküGZib|ayza eTAehIy .

bTza óbsg,mitVa enH CabTsEmþgdléBlcugeRkayénevlacUl

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Kal´ . müägeT[t RbkarenHmanJküGZib|ayza eTvbuRtenaHeTA

ehIyyägenH KW eTAkan´sæanTIEdlCitCagenaH eJlKW TICitRBH-

manRBHPaK dUecñHk*man .

«LÚvenH eTvbuRtenaH mkkan´TIbeRmIénbuK<ld*kMBUlkñúgelak

edayRbeyaCn¾Na CaGñkR:zñaedIm|ITUlsYrdl´RbeyaCn¾enaH eTIb

eZVIGJ¢lIkm μEdlruger]gehIy edayRmamTaMg 10 nms,arRbtisæan

TukelIsIs;ehIy :nQrkñúgTIsmKYrmYy .

[2] s&BÞza ÉkmnþM Cas&BÞsEmþgPavnbuMsklig< dUckñúgJkü

TaMgLayza RBHcnÞ nigRBHGaTitüvileTA min:nes μ IKñaCaedIm .

eRJHdUecñaH bNÐitKb|IRCabesckþIkñ úgTIenHza eTvbuRtenaH :nQr

ehIyedaykiriyaEdlQrehIyenaH eQ μaHza QrehIykñúgTId*sm

KYrmYy . n&ymYyeT[t Jküza ÉkmnþM enH CaTutiyaviPtþ ieRbIkñ úg

GtæénstþmIviPtþ i . bTza Gdðasi :ndl´ rEmgseRmc«riyabz

Qr .

BitehIy eTvta nigmnusSTaMgLayEdlCabNÐit cUleTA

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Kal´RBHmanRBHPaK CabuK<lKYreKarBkñúgfan;CaRKÚ rEmgQrkñúgTI

d*smKYrmYy eRJHxøÜnCaGñkqøatkñúgkarGg< úy . k*eTvtaenH CaGg<

NamYy kñúgbNþaeTvtaCabNÐitTaMgenaH eRJHdUecñaH eTIb:nQr

kñúgTId*smKYrmYy dUecñH . sYrza k*QryägNa eTIbeQ μaHza

QrkñúgTId*smKYrmYy . eqø Iyza ev[reTasénkarQr 6 yäg KW

QrqáayeBk ç QrCiteBk ç QrelIxül´ ç QrkñúgTIx¬s´

QrcMmuxeBk ç QrxageRkayeBk .

BitehIy buK<lEdlQrqáayeBk ebIR:zñanwgniyay k*RtÚv

niyaysMeLgxøaMg> . ebIQrCiteBk rEmgnwgeRc{teb[tKña . ebI

QrelIxül´ rEmgpSayedaykøintY . ebIQrkñúgTIx¬s´ rEmgRbkas

dlésckþImineKarB . QrcMmuxeBk ebIR:zñanwgemIl k*nwgRtÚv

emIlTlÉPñkKña . QrxageRkayeBk ebIR:zñanwgeXIjmux k*RtÚv

egIyemIl . eRJHdUecñaH sUm|IeTvbuRtenH k*Qrev[reTasTaMg 6

enH edayehtuenaH elakeTIbeJlTukza ÉkmnþM Gdðasi ERbza

:nQrehIykñúgTId*smKYrmYy .

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bTza ÉtTevac EckbTCa ÉtM Gevac ERbza :nRkabTUl

JküenH . bTza kzM nu CakarNbucäa .

BitNas´ esckþIEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´qøgOX;:nehIy

R:kddl´ ‘eTvta’ muWnelakZatu edayehtuenaH esckþIsgS&yrbs´

eTvtaenH kñúgTIenHza k*RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´qøgOX;:nehIy eday

ehtuenH nwgRTg´minRCabGVI> rEmgminman edayehtuenaH eTvtaenaH

kalTUlsYrdléhtuEdlRTg´qøgOX;enaH eTIbRkabTUlyägenH .

bTza maris enH CaJküehAedayJküd*BIeraH ç GZib|ay

za GñkminmanTuk¡ dUecñH RbsinebIesckþICayägenaHman kalNa

buK<lRtÚvcak´RtgédImRTÚgedaylMEBg ßkaleyIgeqHenAkñúgnrkRtwm

EtJn´qña M dUecñH Jküza maris enH rEmgeXø{gXøateTA eRJHza

stVnrk EdleQ μaHza GñkminmanTuk¡minmaneT stVnrkCaGñkmin

R:scakTuk¡k*Bit sUm|IyägenaH elakk*ehAza maris ‘CaGñkmin

manTuk¡’ edaysMeLgrbs´GñkceRmInehIy . :n»za kñúgkalmun

evaharza maris enH Carbs´mnusSedImkb| GñkminmanTuk¡ Gñk

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sm|ÚrN¾edayesckþIsux tmkxageRkay esckþITuk¡nwgman ßminman

k*eday elakk*enAEtehAJküenH edaysMeLgrbs´GñkceRmInehIy

n@uHÉg dUcRsHQUkTaMgLay Edlminmanp,aQUkkþI minmanTwkkþI

elakk*ehAza RsHQUk dUecñaH .

OX; 4 kñ úgRBH:lIza OXmta enH KW kaemaX; PevaX;

TiedðaX; nigGvieC¢aX; . kñúgOX;TaMgenaH esckþIeRtkGreBjcitþ

kñ úgkamKuN 5 eQ μaHza kaemaX . esckþIeRtkGreBjcitþkñ úg

rU:rUbPB nigesckþIR:zñakñ úgQan eQ μaHza PevaX . Tidð i 62

eQ μaHza TiedðaX . esckþImindwgkñúgsc©; 4 eQ μaHza GvieC¢aX .

kñúgbNþaOX;TaMg 4 enaH kaemaX rEmgekIteLIgkñ úgcitþ ú-

b|aTEdlshKtedayelaP; 8 dYg . PevaX rEmgekIteLIgkñúg

citþúb|aTEdlshKtedayelaPTidðiKtvib|yutþ 4 dYg . TiedðaX rEmg

ekIteLIgkñúgcitþ úb|aTEdlsm|yutþedayTidð iKt; 4 dYg . GvieC¢aX

rEmgekIteLIgkñúgGkuslTaMgBYg .

k*Zm(TaMgGsénH eQ μaHza OX; eRJHGtæza CaehtunaMstV

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eTA nigeRJHGtæza CaKMnrZM ‘rasedðn’ . Jküza eRJHGtæza Ca

ehtunaMstVeTA GZib|ayza CaehtuoZøakéTAkñ úgxageRkam . Bit

ehIy OX;enH rEmgjúaMgstVTaMgLayEdlenAkñ úgGMNacrbs´xø Ün

oZøakéTAkñúgxageRkam KW oekItkñúgTuK<tiepSg> mannrkCaedIm müäg

eT[t minoeTAkñ úgxagelI KW RBHniBVan rEmgoeTAkñ úgxageRkam KW

kñúgPB 3 kMeNIt 4 Kti 5 viJ¦aNdðiti 7 nigstþavas 9 dUecñHxøH .

Jküza eRJHGtæza CaKMnrZM GZib|ayza eRJHBYkénkielsenHZM

pSayGMNaceTA taMgBIGvicImhanrk drabdl´PvK<PUmi BYkénkiels

KW OX;enHNa eQ μaHza manesckþIeRtkGreBjcitþkñ úgkamKuN 5

sUm|Ikñ úgOX;d*ess k*n&yenHÉg . bNÐitKb|IRCabkielseQ μaH

za OX; eRJHGtæza CaKMnrZM edayRbkardUecñH .

bTza Gtri GZib|ayza eTvbuRtenaHTUlsYrza bBiRtRBHGg<

GñknirTuk¡ RBHGg<qøgOX;sUm|ITaMg 4 enH :nyägNahñ@ dUecñH .

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRTg´visC¢nabJØarbs´

eTvtaenaH eTIbRtas´JküCaedImza Gb|tidðM xVahM ERbza tzaKtmin

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QbĆaedIm . bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza Gb|tidðM EkCa Gb|tidðhenþa

ERbza minQb´ . bTza GnayUhM EkCa GnayUhenþa ERbza min

Rbwg KW minBüayam . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´bJØa eZVIoCaJküEdl

biT:MgehIy edayRbkardUecñH .

sUm|IeTvtak*sþab´JküEdlCacMENkxageRkAmun Zm μtazabuK<l

EdlqøgOX; RtÚvQrkñúgTIEdlxøÜnKYrQr RtÚvBüayamkñúgTIEdl

xøÜnKb|Iqøg eTIbqøgeTA:n EtRBHGg<Rtas´za tzaKtminQb´ min

Rbwg qøg:nehIynUvkgkiels KW kielsEdldUcCaOX; ‘Gnøg´

TwkkYc’ EdlpSayeTAtaMgBIGvicInrkdrabdl´PvK<PUmi dUecñH citþrbs´

eKk*nwgRtacéTAkanésckþIsgS&yza enaHCaGVIhñ @ eTIbeQ μaHza min

RCabnUvGtæénbJØa . sYrza k*RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´bMeBjRBH:rmI

TaMgLay ehIyseRmcnUvsBVJ¦útJ¦aN edIm|IRtÚvkarRtas´vtæúEdl

stVminTan´:ndwg minEmnß . eqø Iyza RBHmanRBHPaKseRmcnUv

sBVJ¦útJ¦aN RTg´manRBHbMNgnwgRtas´JküRtwmEtbüeNÑH k*min

Emn . k*eTsnarbs´RBHmanRBHPaK man 2 yäg KW sEmþgeday

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niK<hmux nigGnuK<hmux . kñúgbNþa 2 yägenaH buK<lBYkNaman

esckþIRbkan´xø Ünza CabNÐit rEmgsm<al´kñ úgvtæ úEdlxøÜnmindwg za

dwgehIy dUcRJh μN¾ 500 EdlbYsCabBVCit edIm|IRKbsg,t´manH

rbs´RJh μN¾ nigbBVCitTaMgenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRTg´sEmþgZm(

dUcRBHsURtTaMgLay manmUlbriyaysURtCaedIm enHeQ μaHza niK<-

hmuxeTsna . RBHtRmasénH smdUcEdlRtas´Tukza mñalGannÞ

tzaKtnwgeJlRKbsg,t´buK<lEdlKYrRKbsg,t´ tzaKtnwgelIk

tem,IgbuK<lEdlKYrelIktem,Ig Pik¡ úNamanZm(Casar; Pik¡ úenaHnwg

taMgenA dUecñH .

cMENkCnBYkNa CaGñkRtg´ R:zñacMeJHkarsikSa RBHman-

RBHPaK rEmgsEmþgZm(dlĆnTaMgenaH eZV IoCaGñkdwg:ngay dUc

kñ úgsURtTaMgLay manGakeg¡yüsURtCaedIm TaMgjúaMgCnTaMgenaH

orYcput dUckñúgJküza mñaltisS; GñkeRtkGréRkElg mñaltisS;

GñkeRtkGréRkElg edayOvaTEdltzaKteJlehIy edaykarsikSa

EdltzaKteJlehIy . edayGnusasnIEdltzaKteJlehIy

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dUecñH enHeQ μaHza GnuK<hmuxeTsna .

k*eTvbuRtenH manmanHrwgtÁ wg ‘manesckþIr wgtÁ wgeRBaHesckþI

Rbkan´xø Ün’ sm<al´xø Ünza CabNÐit . :n»za eTvbuRtenaH:nman

esckþIKityägenHza eyIgrEmgdwgOX; rEmgdwgnUvesckþIEdlRBH-

tzaKtRTg´qøgOX;:nehIy buËnþza eyIgminTan´dwgehtu RtwmEt

büeNÑHza RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´qøgOX; edayehtuenH:n yägNa

dUecñH eyIgnwgdwgGtæEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RCabenaHÉg JküNa

tic ßeRcIn EdleyIgminTan´dwg eyIgnwgdwgJküenaH EdlRBH-

manRBHPaKRtas´R:béhIyenaHÉg eRJHza JküEdlRBHmanRBHPaK

RtasýägNaenaH eyIgminTan´RCab dUecñH .

lMdabénaH RBHbrmsasþa eTIbRtas´bJØaeZVIoCabJØakM:Mg

‘KWyl´lM:k’ edayRBHtRmiHza eTvbuRtenHminTan´lHbg´manHenH

k*minKYrnwgTTYlZm(eTsna eRb{bdUcsMBtÉdlenAsAh μg ‘minTan´

CMrHosÁat’ minKYrnwgRClk´BN( tzaKtnwgRKbsg,t´manHrbs´

eTvbuRtenHmun ehIynwgRbkasesckþIenaHeT[t dl´GñkmancitþRbesIr

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sYrehIy dUecñH .

sUm|IeTvbuRtenaH k*CaGñkmanmanHEdlRBHGg<naMecjehIy

nigeTsnaenaH Kb|IRCabedayJküsYrbJØaoéRkElgeLIgeTA eRJH

CaGñkmanmanHEdlRBHGg<naMecjehIyn@uHÉg TaMgesckþIenH k*:n

CaRbeyaCn¾dl´buK<lEdlsYrbJØa eTvbuRtTUlsYrza bBiRtRBHGg<

GñknirTuk¡ k*RBHGg<minQb´ minRbwg qøgOX;:nyägNa x\ú MRBHGg<

nwgRCab:nedayRbkarNa sUmRBHGg<Rtas´R:b´dl´x\ú MRBHGg<eday

RbkarenaHcuH dUecñH .

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaKkalnwgRtas´tbbJØadléTvbuRt

enaH eTIbRtas´za yTa sVahM CaedIm . bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza

yTa sVahM EkCa ys μ w kael GhM ‘ERbza kñ úgkalNaeyIg’ .

su GkSr CaRtwmEtni:t .

k* su GkSrkñúgTIenHyägNa kñúgbTTaMgBYgk*dUecñaH . bTza

sMsITami esckþIza kaleyIgminqøgk*liccuHkñ úgTIenaHÉg . bTza

niBV úyØami esckþIza kaleyIgminGactaMgenA k*rEmgRbRBwtþeTAknøg

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bJØa sUm|IRBHmanRBHPaKRtaséhIyyägenHza tzaKtminQb´ min

Rbwg qøgOX;:nehIy dUecñH sUm|InwgCabJØaEdleTvtaRCabehIy

Etk*minCakć|as´ eRJHeXIjeTas KW karminyl´ eRJHkarQb´

nigkñúgesckþIBüayam edIm|IeZVIGtæenaHoR:kd elakeTIbsEmþgZm(

EdlCaBYkTuk; 7 BYk .

BitehIy eJledayGMNackiels kalbuK<lQb´

eQ μaHza rEmgliccuH . eJledayGMNacGPisg¡ar

kalbuK<lRbwg eQ μaHza rEmgGENþt . müägeT[t

eJledaytNØa nigTidð i kalbuK<lQb´ eQ μaHza

rEmgliccuH . eJledayGMNacénkielsd*ess

nigGPisg¡arTaMgLay kalbuK<lRbwg eQ μaHza rEmg

GENþt .

müägeT[t eJledayGMNacéntNØa kalbuK<lQb´ eQ μaH

za rEmgliccuH . eJledayGMNacénTidð i kalbuK<lRbwg eQ μaH

za rEmgGENþt . müägeT[t eJledayssStTidð i kalbuK<l

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Qb´ eQ μaHza rEmgliccuH . eJledayóecäTTidð i kalbuK<lRbwg

eQ μaHza rEmgGENþt eRJHza PvTidð i Rbkan´maMkñ úgmanHEdlCaZm(

yWtyUr EtviPvTidðiRbkan´maMkñúgkarRtacéTA . müägeT[t eJleday

GMNackarCab´ kalQb´ eQ μaHza rEmgliccuH . eJleday

GMNacóTÆc©; kalRbwg eQ μaHza rEmgGENþt .

mYyeT[t eJledaykamsuxløikanueyaK kalbuK<lQb´

eQ μaHza rEmgliccuH . eJledayGtþkilmzanueyaK kalRbwg

eQ μaHza rEmgGENþt . eJledayGMNacénGkuslaPisg¡arTaMg

Gs´ kalbuK<lQb´ eQ μaHza rEmgliccuH . eJledayGMNac

énkuslaPisg¡arEdlCaelakiy¾TaMgGs´ kalbuK<lRbwg eQ μaHza

rEmgGENþt . RbkarenH smBitdUcRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´Tukza

esyüzabi cunÞ eyekci Gkusla Zm μa seBV et GeZa PaKMKm-

nIya eyekci kusla Zm μa seBV et óbriPaKM KmnIya dUecñH

ERbza mñalcunÞ; GkuslZm(BYkNamYymanehIy GkuslZm(BYk

enaH Kb|IBnø iccuHeTAkñ úgxageRkam kuslZm(BYkNamYymanehIy

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kuslZm(BYkenaH Kb|IGENþteLIgeTAkñ úgcMENkxagelI . eTvta

sþab´visC¢nabJØaenHehIy taMgenAkñ úgesatabtþipl CaGñkeRtkGr

ehIy RCHzøaehIy RbkasdlésckþIeRtkGr nigesckþIRCHzøarbs´

xø Ün eTIbeBalJküCaKaza cirsSM vt CaedIm ERbza yUrNas´

mkehIy x\ú MeTIbnwgeXIjxINasvRJh μN¾ GñkrltédayCuMvijehIy

minQb´ minRbwg ehIyqøgtNØaCaeRK}gCab´kñ úgelak . bNþabT

TaMgenaH bTza cirsSM esckþIza edaykalEdlknøgeTAGs´kal

yUr .

:n»za eTvtaenH eXIjRBHsm μasm¬úTÆRBHnamza ksSb;

cab´taMgBIRBHGg<briniBVanmkemøH minZøab´:neXIjRBHBuTÆRBHGg<déT

kñúgcenøaHkald*yUrGEgVgenH eRJHdUecñaH RKaeXIjRBHmanRBHPaK

kñúgézáenH eTIb:nRkabTUlyägenH . sYrza k*kñúgkalmunGMBIkal

enH eTvtaGg<enH minZøabéXIjRBHbrmsasþaß . eqø Iyza eXIj

ßmineXIj cUrelIkTuksincuH eRJHGaRs&yTsSn; ‘KWseRmcesa-

tabtþ imK<’ k*smKYrnwgeJlyägenH .

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bTza RBah μNM :ndl´ xINasvRJh μN¾ CaGñkman:b

EdlbnSat´bgéhIy .

bTza briniBV útM :ndl´ GñkrltĆu Mv ijehIy edaykarrlt´

kiels . bTza elaek :ndl´ kñ úgstVelak .

kñ úgbTza vistþikM enH tNØa elakehAza CaeRK}gCab´

eRJHehtuénkarCabĆMBak´ nigesckþIR:zñakñúgGarm μN¾TaMgLay man

rU:rm μN¾CaedIm GZib|ayza eTvtaRkabTUlza yUrNas´mkehIy

x\ú MRBHGg<eTIbnwgeXIjxINasvRJh μN¾ GñkminQb´ minRbwg Etqøg

OX;:nehIy knøgputehIy KW dkecjehIynUvtNØaEdlCaeRK}g

CabénaH dUecñH .

[3] bTza smnueBa¦a stæa Gehasi esckþIza RBHsasþaRTg´

sresIrJkürbséTvta EdlmanGCÄas&ytm,l´maM edayRBHT&y

büeNÑaH . bTza GnþrZayi esckþIza eTvtaenaH lHbg´kayEdl

xøÜntakÉtgehIy taMgenAkñ úgkayEdlCaó:Tinñk;tamRbRktIrbs´

xøÜn eRJHmanesckþIR:zñaEdlseRmcehIy manTIBwgEdl:nehIy

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:nbUCaRBHTsBledayeRK}gRkGUbTaMgLay nigkRmgp,aeQI ehIy

RtLbéTAkan´BiPBrbs´xø Ün dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa »XtrNsURtTI 1

3

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- 6 1 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á n i e m a k ç s U R t T I 2

G dð k za

niemak¡sURtTI 2

«LÚvenH taMgBIsURtTI 2 CaedImeTA x\ ú MlHesckþIEdlman

mkehIykñúgsURtTI 1 nigesckþIEdlgayehIy nwgBN(naesckþI

EdlminTan´:nBN(na nigesckþIEdlminTanĆakć|as´b¨ ueNÑaH .

[5] bTza Canasi ena elakEkCa Canasi nu ERbza RTg´

rEmgRCabßhñ@ . bTza niemak¡ M CaedIm CaeQ μaHrbs´Zm(TaMgLay

manmK<CaedIm . BitehIy stVTaMgLay rEmgrYcputBIeRK}gcg KW

kiels:nedaymK< eRJHdUecñaH elakeTIbeJlza mK<Capø ÚvrYcput

rbs´stVTaMgLay dUecñH . cMENkkñúgxN;énpl stVTaMgLay

enaH rYcputehIyGMBIeRK}gcg KW kiels eRJHdUecñaH elakeTIb

eJlza pl CaeRK}grYcputrbs´stVTaMgLay dUecñH . Tuk¡TaMg

BYgrbs´stVTaMgLay rEmgsáb´rmáabéTA eRJHseRmcRBHniBVan

dUecñaH eTIbeJlza RBHniBVanCaTIsáat´ dUecñH .

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müägeT[t Zm(TaMgGsénH CaeQ μaHrbs´RBHniBVann@uHÉg eRJH

za stVTaMgLayrEmgput rEmgrYcput rEmgsáb´rmáab´GMBITuk¡TaMgGs´

eRJHseRmcRBHniBVan eRJHdUecñaH niBVanenaHÉg elakeTIbeJlza

niemaek¡a karrYcput bemaek¡a karputRsLH vieveka TIsáat´ dUecñH .

bTza Canami xVahM ERbza eyIgrEmgs<alédayBit . exa GkSr

eRbIkñ úgGtæn&yza Bit GZib|ayza eyIgrEmgdwg:nedayBit .

BitehIy eyIg ‘tzaKt’ júaMg:rmI 30 oeBj ehIy

seRmcsBVJ¦útJ¦aN edIm|IRtas´dwgnUvZm(EdlCapøÚvrYcputénstV

TaMgLayCaedImn@ uHÉg edayehtuenH eyIgeTIbbnøWsIhnaT . :n

»za sURtenH eQ μaHza BuTÆsIhnaT .

[5] bTza nnÞiPvbrik¡ya GZib|ayza eRJHkarGséTAeday

CuMvijénkm μPB EdlmanesckþIePøItePøInCamUl sUm|InwgeJlza eRJH

karGséTAénesckþIePø ItePø In nigPB dUecñHk*KYr . kñ úgburimn&yenaH

bNÐitKb|IRCabza sg¡ark¡nÆ Edlkm μPBkanýkehIy edayGMNac

énGPisg¡ar KW km μ 3 yäg . xnÆ 2 ‘evTna nigsJ¦axnÆ’ Edl

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- 6 3 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á n i e m a k ç s U R t T I 2

sm|yutþedayZm( ‘sg¡ark¡nÆ’ enaH EdlsJ¦a nigviJ¦aNk¡nÆkan´

ykehIy . EtevTnaEdlsm|yutþedayxnÆ 3 ‘sJ¦a sg¡ar viJ¦a-

Nk¡nÆ’ TaMgenaH elakkanýkehIy edaykarkanýknamZm(TaMg

enaH eRJHdUecñaH niBVan Edlrlt´kielsenAmanCIvit ‘só:Ties-

sniBVan’ EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtaséhIy edayGMNacénkarminman

teTA ‘KWCaTIsáat´’ énnamk¡nÆ 4 EdlCaGnu:Tinñk; dUecñH . kñ úg

bTza evTnanMnieraZa óbsma :ndl´ eRJHesckþIrlt´ nigeRJH

esckþIsáb´énevTnaEdlCaó:Tinñk; . kñúgRBH:lIenaH xnÆ 3 Edl

sm|yutþedayevTnaenaH CaZm(EdlelakkanýkehIy edaykar

kanýkevTnaenaHÉg . sUm|IrUbk¡nÆ elakk*kanýkedayGMNac

énvtæú nigGarm μN¾rbsńamxnÆTaMgenaH . eRBaHehtuenH niBVan Edl

minmankm μCrUb nigvi:kxnÆd*ess ‘ehAza Gnu:TiessniBVan’ eTIb

Rtas´TukedayGMNacénesckþIminmanteTA ‘KWCaTIsáat´’ énxnÆ 5

EdlCaGnu:Tinñk; dUecñH edayRbkardUecñH . Etkñúgn&yTI 2 sg¡ar-

k¡nÆ elakkanýkedaykarkanýknniÞ KW esckþIePøItePøIn . rUbk¡nÆ

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eJlKW ób|tþiPB elakkanýk edaykarkanýkPB .

kaleJledayseg¡b xnÆ 3 CaZm(EdlelakkanýkehIy

edaysJ¦axnÆCaedImEtmüäg . bNÐitKb|IRCabza RBHniBVan Edl

RBHmanRBHPaKRtaséhIyedayGMNacénesckþIminmanteTA ‘KWCaTI

sáat´’ énxnÆ 5 TaMgenH dUcBN(namkdUecñH . RBHezr;Gñker[nKm¬ Ir

nikay 4 eBjcitþn&yenHÉg .

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´júaMgeTsnaocbéRscehIyedayGMNac

énRBHniBVanedayRbkaryägenH dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa niemakçsURtTI 2

3

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- 6 5 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á ] b e n y ü s U R t T I 2

G dð k za

óbenyüsURtTI 3

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg óbenyüsURtTI 3 teTA ?

[7] bTza óbnIyti :ndl´ rEmgGséTAedayCuMvij rEmg

rlt´ ßza rEmgmkdl´ KW rEmgcUldl´mrN;edaylMdab´ .

müägeT[t GZib|ayza hVÚgeKaEdlnayeKa:ledjek[geTA yäg

Na CIvitenHk*dUecñaH RtÚvCranaMeTAkanésckþIsøab´ . bTza CIvitM

:ndl´ CIviti®nÞ iy . bTza Gb|M ERbza tictYc KW bnþicbnþÜc .

bNÐitKb|IRCabesckþIza CIvit KW GayuenaHCarbs´tic edayGakar

2 yäg KW eQ μaHza tic eRJHCIvitenaH RbRBwtþeTAedaykarrs KW

esckþIsabsUnüeTA nigeRJHCIvitenaH RbkbedayxN; KW RtwmEt

mYyxN; .

BitehIy eRJHRBH:lIza eya Pik¡ev cirM CIvti esa vsS-

stM Gb|M va Pieyüa ERbza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<lNarsénAyUr

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buK<lenaHk*Kb|IrsénAmYyryqñaM ticCagxøH eRcInCagxøH dUecñH eTIb

eQ μaHza tic eRJHCIvitenHRbRBwtþeTACabédayrs KW esckþIsab-

sUnüeTA .

k*kaleJlGMBIbrmtæ xN;énCIvitrbs´stVTaMgLaytic KW

RbRBwtþeTARtwmEtcitþmYydYgbüeNÑaH ‘eJlGMBIbrmtæ xN;man 3 KW

ób|aTxN; fitixN; Pg<xN;’ eTIbeQ μaHza tic eRJHCIvitnam

enaH CasPav;RbRBwtþeTACabédayxN; . óbmaedaykg´énrz sUm|I

kalvileTA rEmgvileTAedaycMENkénkg´rzbüeNÑaH sUm|IkalQb´

k*rEmgQbédaycMENkénkg´rzn@ uHÉg yägNa CIvitrbs´stVTaMg

Lay rEmgRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgxN;éncitþmYydYg k*dUecñaHEdr kalcitþ

dYgenaHrltéhIy k*ehAza stVsøabéhIy dUcJküEdlRTg´Rtas´

Tukza ?

GtIet citþk¡eN CIvitæ n CIvti n CIvisSti GnaKet

citþk¡eN n CIvitæ n CIvti CIvisSti . bc©úb|enñ

citþk¡eN n CIvitæ CIvti n CIvisSti .

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kñ úgxN;éncitþEdlCaGtIt buK<leQ μaHza rsénAehIy min

EmnkMBugrsénA minEmnnwgrsénA kñ úgxN;éncitþEdlCaGnaKt

buK<leQ μaHza nwgrsénA minEmnrsénAehIy minEmnkMBugrsénA

kñ úgxN;éncitþEdlCabc©úb|nñ buK<leQ μaHza kMBugrsénA minEmn

rsénAehIy minEmnnwgrsénA .

CIvitM GtþPaeva c suxTuk¡a c ekvla

Ékcitþsmayutþa lhuesa vtþet xeNa .

CIvit KW GtþPaB sux nigTuk¡TaMgGs´ RbkbedaycitþdYgEt

mYy xN;rbsćitþenaH rEmgRbRBwtþeTAel]nrh&s .

ey niruTÆa mrnþsS tidðmansS va «Z

seBVbi sTisa xnÆa Kta Gb|disnÆiya .

citþBYkNarbs´stV EdlkMBugtaMgenA ßkMBugsøab´ rltéTA

ehIykñúgelakenH citþTaMgGsénaH min:nRtLb´mkekIteT[teT

sUm|IxnÆTaMgLayk*dUcKña .

GniBVetþn n Caeta bc©úb|enñn CIvti citþPg<meta

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elaeka brmtæiya .

eRJHcitþminekIt stVelakk*eQ μaHza minekIt eRJHcitþekIt

eLIg stVelakk*eQ μaHza rsénA eRJHesckþIrlt´éncitþ stVelak

eTIbeQ μaHza søabéhIy enHCabJ¦tþ iCabédaybrmtæ .

bTza CrUbntsS GZib|ayza kalbuK<lcUldlĆraehIy

ßza kalbuK<lRtÚvCranaMcUleTAkan´smñak´énesckþIsøab´ . bTza n

snþi taNa GZib|ayza nrNa> eQ μaHza GacedIm|Inwgokar

karJr KW okarrYcputP&y oCaTIBwg:n rEmgminman . bTza

ÉtM PyM esckþIza P&yenHman 3 yäg KW karcUldlésckþIsøab´

énCIviti®nÞiy Civiti®nÞiymanGayutic nigminmaneRK}gRbyuTÆrbs´buK<l

EdlRtÚvCraek[geTAehIy GZib|ayza CaTItaMgénP&y ‘Pyvtæú’ KW

CaehtuénP&y ‘PykarNM’ . bTza buBa¦ani kyiraz suxavhani

:ndl´ viJ¦ÚCnKb|IeZV IbuNüTaMgLay EdlnaMesckþIsuxmko KW

onUvesckþIsux . edayehtuenH eTvtasMedAykrU:vcrQan eTIb

kanýkbuBVectna muBa©nectna nigGbrectna ehIyeJldl´buNü

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TaMgLay edayGMNacénJküBhuvcn; . nigkanýkesckþIeBj

citþkñ úgQan esckþIR:zñakñ úgQan nigesckþIsuxkñ úgQan eTIb

eJlza buNüTaMgLaynaMesckþIsuxmko dUecñH .

:n»za eTvtaenaH mankarKitza O!stVTaMgLay ceRmIn

QanehIy manQanminTan´sabsUnü eZV ImrNkalehIy Kb|I

taMgenAkñ úgRBh μelak rhUtdl´Gsévlad*yUrGEgVg KW RbmaN 1

kb|xøH 4 kb|xøH 8 kb|xøH 16 kb|xøH 32 kb|xøH 64 kb|xøH

dUecñH eRJHxøÜnÉgekItkñúgRBh μelakEdlmanGayuEvgyUr eTIbeXIj

stVTaMgLayEdlkMBugsøab´ kMBugekIt EdlmanGayutickñ úgeTvta

Can´kamavcrxageRkam dUckarZøakćuHénRKabéPø{gRtwmEtb¨HxÞb´ k*Ebk

eTA eRJHdUecñaH eTIbeJlehIyyägenH .

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RBHtRmiiHza k*eTvtaenHrEmg

eJlvdþkza ‘JküEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgvdþ;’ Edlminsmrmü kal

nwgRTg´sEmþgvivdþkza dléTvtaenaH eTIbRtas´RBHKaza TI 2 .

[8] bNþabTénKaza TI 2 TaMgenaH bTza elakamisM :n

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dl´ elakamis 2 yäg KW briyayelakamis ‘elakamisEdl

Caehtu’ nib|riyayelakamis ‘elakamisEdlminCaehtu’ vdþ;Edl

RbRBwtþeTAkñ úgPUmi 3 ehAza briyayelakamis . bc©&y KW eRK}g

GaRs&y 4 yäg ehAza nib|riyayelakamis . kñúgTIenHelak

R:zñaykbriyayelakamis EdlBit sUm|Inib|riyayelakamis

k*KYrkñ úgTIenHdUcKña .

bTza snþiebek¡a GZib|ayza R:zñaehIy RtÚvkarehIy cg´

:nnUvsnþiEdlyWnyUr eJlKW RBHniBVan .

cb;Gdækfa ]benyüsURtTI 3

3

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- 7 1 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á G e c © n þ i s U R t T I 4

G dð k za

Gec©nþisURtTI 4

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg Gec©nþ isURtTI 4 teTA ?

[10] bTza Gec©nþ i ERbza rEmgknøgeTA . bTza kala

:ndl´ buerPtþkalCaedIm . bTza trynþi rtþ ieya :ndl´ kal

raRtITaMgLayQanknøgeTA rEmgputeTA KW rEmgobuK<lEdlnwg

søabéTA CitesckþIsøabédayrh&s .

bTza veyaKuNa :ndl´ KuN KW kg ‘CMnan´’ énbfmv&y

mCÄimv&y nigbcä imv&y .

BitehIy Gtæén KuN s&BÞ eRbIkñúgGtæeRcInyäg dUckñúgGtæ

za Can´énsMBt´ dUcRBH:lIza GnuCanami Pik¡ev GhtanM vtæanM-

TiKuNM sMXadM ERbza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay tzaKtGnuJ¦atsMBt´

sg¹adieZV IoCa 2 Can´ EdleZVIedaysMBt´z μ I dUecñH . manGtæza

GanisgS kñúgbTenHza stKuNaTik¡ iNa :dikg¡itBVa ERbza Kb|I

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R:zñanUvTk¡iNaTaMgry . Gtæén KuN s&BÞ EdlmanesckþIsMedA

dl´ ekadðas dUckñúgJküza GnþM GnþKuNM ERbza eJHev[nZM eJH-

ev[ntUc . EdlmanesckþIsMedAdl´ eRK}gcg dUckñúgJküza bBa©

kamKuNa ERbza eRK}gcg KW kam 5 yäg dUecñH . EtkñúgTIenH

Gtæén KuN s&BÞ eRbIkñ úgGtæza rasi EdlERbza KMnr ßKN; eRJH

dUecñaH bNÐitKb|IRCabbTza veyaKuNa enHza CaKMnrénv&y dUecñH .

bTza GnubuBV M Chnþi GZib|ayza v&yTaMgLayrEmglHbgécal

buK<leTAedaylMdab´ . BitNas´ bfmv&y rEmglHbgécalbuK<l

GñktaMgenAkñúgmCÄimv&y ç bfmv&y nigmCÄimv&yTaMgBIr rEmglHbg´

ecalbuK<lEdlGñkenAkñ úgbcäimv&y buËnþza kñ úgxN;énesckþIsøab´

sUm|Iv&yTaMg 3 k*RtÚvlHbgécalbuK<lenaHÉg . bTza ÉtM PyM

esckþIza P&y 3 yägenH KW karQancuHeTAénkalTaMgLay raRtI

nigTivaknøgeTAedayrh&s nigKMnrénv&yTaMgLayRtÚvlHbgécal

buK<leTA . Jküd*essdUcnwgn&ymunn@ uHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa Gec©nþ isURt TI 4

3

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- 7 3 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á k t i q i n Þ i s U R t T I 5

G dð k za

ktiqinÞisURtTI 5

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg ktiqinÞ isURtTI 5 teTA ?

[11] bTza kti qienÞ :ndl´ buK<lkalkat´ KYrkatńUv

Zm(b¨ un μan . sUm|Ikñ úgbTd*essk*n&yenH . k*kñ úgbTza qienÞ Ceh

enH eJlGMBIGtæEtmüägdUcKña . eTvtaenH kalev[rJküdEdl>

k*edIm|ICaRbeyaCn¾dl´karRbB&nÆKaza eTIb:neJlehIyyägenH .

bTza kti sg<atieta ERbza Pik¡ úknøgZm(EdlCaeRK}gCabĆMJk´

b¨ un μan . RBH:lIza sg<atieka xøH . manesckþIdUcKña .

[12] bTza bBa© qienÞ :ndl´ kalkat´ KYrkatÓrmÖaKiy-

seJ¦aCn; 5 yäg . bTza bBa© Ceh :ndl´ kallH KYrlH

óTÆmÖaKiyseJ¦aCn; 5 yäg karkat´ nigkarlH sUm|IkñúgTIenH kal

eJlGMBIGtæ k*EtmüägdUcKña EtRBHmanRBHPaKRtasýägenH k*eRJH

osmnwgJküEdleTvtaGagmk .

müägeT[t RBHmanRBHPaK rEmgRtas´za OrmÖaKiyseJ¦aCn;

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5 CaeRK}gGUsTajoZøakéTAkñ úgxageRkam dUcKñanwgdu Mz μEdleKcg

TukRtgéCIg Kb|Ikat´seJ¦aCn;enaH:nedayRBHGnaKamimK< dUecñH

nigRtas´za óTÆmÖaKiyseJ¦aCn; 5 EdlGUsTajeTAkñ úgcMENk

xagelI dUcKñanwgEmkeQIEdlbuK<leRbIédcab´ nwgKb|IlHseJ¦aCn;

enaH:nedayRBHGrhtþmK< dUecñH . bTza bBa© vutþr iPavey esckþI

za kalceRmInKuNviessoéRkElg KW oeRcIneLIg edIm|IRtÚvkar

kat´ nigedIm|IRtÚvkarlHseJ¦aCn;TaMgenaH KYrceRmIn«®nÞiyTaMgLay

mansTÆaCaTI 5 .

bTza bBa©sg<atieta esckþIza QanknøgehIynUvZm(Ca

eRK}gCabĆMJk´ 5 TaMgenH KW eRK}gCabĆMJk´ KW raK; eRK}gCab´

CMJk´ KW eTas; eRK}gCabĆMJk´ KW emah; eRK}gCabĆMJk´ KW manH

eRK}gCabĆMJk´ KW Tidði . bTza OXtieNÑati vuc©ti eKeJlza qøg

OX;TaMg 5 :nehIy EtkñúgRBHKazaenH eJldl´«®nÞ iy 5 TaMg

elakiy; nigelakutþr; dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ktiqinÞ isURtTI 5 3

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- 7 5 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á C a K r s U R t T I 6

G dð k za

CaKrsURtTI 6

Kb|IRCabvinicä &y CaKrsURtTI 6 teTA ?

[13] bTza CaKrtM ERbza PáakéhIy . bTza bBa© CaKrtM

GZib|ayza k*kaleJlGMBIKazaEdlvisC¢na kal«®nÞiy 5 man

sTÆaCaedImPáakéhIy nIvrN; 5 k*eQ μaHza lk´ eRJHehtuGV I .

eRJHza buK<lEdldl´RBmedaynIvrN; 5 enaH Gg<úykþI QrkþI

sUm|IedkdrabGruNrHkþIkñ úgTINamYy rEmgCaGñkeQ μaHza lkéhIy

eRJHesckþIRbmaT KW eRJHCaGñkdl´RBmedayGkusl kalnIv-

rN; 5 enH lkéhIyyägenH «®nÞ iy 5 eTIbeQ μaHza Páak´ eRJH

ehtuGV I . eRJHza buK<lEdldl´RBmeday«®nÞiy 5 mansTÆaCa

edImenaH sUm|Iedklk´kñúgTINamYy k*eQ μaHza CaGñkPáak´ eRJHkar

minRbmaT KW eRJHCaGñkdl´RBmedaykusl . buK<lrEmgkanýk

rEmgsmaTan rEmgRbkan´maMnUvZUlI KW kielsedaynIvrN; 5

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n@ uHÉg .

Kb|IRCabesckþIenHza nIvrN;TaMgLay mankamqnÞ;CaedIm

EdlekItmun rEmgCabc©&ydl´kamqnÞ;CaedIm EdlekIteLIgeBl

eRkaydUecñHCaedIm eTIbeC]za buK<l rEmgbrisuTÆ ieday«®nÞiy 5

dUecñH . sUm|Ikñ úgTIenH elakeJl«®nÞiy 5 TaMgEdlCaelakiy;

nigelakutþr; dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa CaKrsURtTI 6

3

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- 7 7 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á G b , d i v i T i t s U R t T I 7

G dð k za

Gb|diviTitsURtTI 7

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg Gb|diviTitsURtTI 7 teTA ?

[15] bTza Zm μa :ndl´ sc©Zm( 4 .

bTza Gb|diviTita :ndl´ minTan´:ncak´Zø úHedayjaN .

bTza brvaeTsu :ndl´ kñ úgvaT;EdlRbkbedayTidð i 62

BitehIy vaT;TaMgenaH eQ μaHza vaT;rbsĆnBYkdéT eRJHCavaT;

rbs´BYktiræ iydéT eRkAGMBIvaT;kñ úgsasnaenH .

bTza nIyer :ndl´ rEmgXøateTAtamZm μtarbs´xøÜnxøH buK<l

déTrEmgTaj ‘naM’ eTAxøH . kñ úgbTTaMgenaH kalkanýkvaT;za

eT[gCaedImedayxøÜnÉg eQ μaHza rEmgXøateTA . kalkanýkvaT;

za eT[genaH tamJkürbs´GñkdéT eQ μaHza RtÚvGñkdéTnaMeTA .

bTza kaela etsM bBuCÄitu M GZib|ayza kalenH CakalsmKYr

edIm|InwgPáak´rbs´buK<lTaMgenaH . BitNas´ RBHBuTÆRTg´ób|tþieLIg

kñúgelak RBHZm(EdlRBHGg<RTg´Rtas´sEmþg RBHsg¹CaGñkbdibtþilÁ

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ehIy TaMgbdibTak*ceRmIn eTvtaeTIbeJlza k*mhaCnTaMgenHlk´

ehIykñúgvdþ; minTan´Páak´ dUecñH .

[16] kñúgbTza sm¬úTÆa :ndl´ GñkRtas´dwgehIyedayRbéB

edayehtu edaykarN¾ . BitNas´ GñkRtas´dwg 4 BYk KW RBH-

sBVJ¦ÚBuTÆ bec©kBuTÆ ctusc©BuTÆ nig sutBuTÆ . kñ úgBuTÆ;TaMgenaH

GñkbMeBj:rmI 30 ehIyseRmcRBHsm μasem¬aZi eQ μaHza RBHsBV-

J¦ÚBuTÆ . GñkbMeBj:rmIGs´ 2 Gseg¡yüéRkElgedayEsnkb|

eTIbRtas´dwgedayxøÜnÉg eQ μaHza RBHbec©kBuTÆ . RBHxINaRsB

GñkGs´Gasv;edayminmansl´ eQ μaHza ctusc©BuTÆ . GñkCaBhu-

sSÚt eQ μaHza sutBuTÆ . BuTÆ; 3 xagedIm rEmgsmKYrkñúgGtæenH .

bTza sm μTBa¦ay :ndl´ dwgedayehtu edaykarN¾ .

bTza crnþ iv isem smM GZib|ayza rEmgRbRBwtþes μ Ikñ úgelaksnñi-

vasEdlmines μ I ßkñ úgBYkstVEdlmines μ I ßza kielsCatEdlmin

es μ I dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa Gb,diviTitsURt TI 7 3

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- 7 9 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á s u s m μ ú d æ s U R t T I 8

G dð k za

susm μ údðsURtTI 8

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg susm μ úd ðsURtTI 8 teTA ?

[17] bTza susm μ úd ða :ndl´ CaGñkvegVgePøc edayPaB

CaGñkmincak´Zø úHedaybJ¦a dUcyägza GñkERs P¢ÜrERs 2 gar k*

Kb|IeRBaHRsÚveRcIn kalsMedAdl´RsÚvEdlmin:nGMBIERs EdlxøÜn

min:nsabeRJH eJlza RsÚvrbséyIgCaeRcInvinasGséhIy

rEmgeJldl´RsÚvEdlmin:nenaHÉg zavinasGséhIy yägNa

sUm|IkñúgTIenHk*dUecñaH eQ μaHza vegVgePøc eRJHxøÜnmincak´ZøúH ‘eday

bBa¦a’ .

[18] bTza Gsm μ úd ða :ndl´ eQ μaHza minvegVgePøc eRJH

xø Ün:ncak´Zø úHehIyedaybJ¦a . Jküd*ess dUcnwgn&ymun dUecñH

Ég .

cb;Gdækfa susm μ údæsURt TI 8 3

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G dð k za

mankamsURtTI 9

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg manikamsURtTI 9 teTA ?

[19] bTza mankamsS :ndl´ buK<lEdlR:zña KW R:zña

manH . bTza Tema GZib|ayza eTvta rEmgeJlza Tm; Edl

RbRBwtþeTAkñ úgcMENksmaZi rEmgminmandl´buK<lEbbenH . k*kñ úg

bTza sec©n Tenþa Tmsa óebetaevTnþKU visitRBh μcrieya ERbza

buK<lEdlmanxøÜnTUn μanehIyedaysc©; CaGñkcUldléhIyeday

Tm; CaGñkdl´TIbMputénevT CaGñkmanRBh μcriyZm(cbéhIy dUecñH

elakehA«®nÞ iyza Tm; . kñúgbTza yTi sc©a Tma caKa xtþüa

PieyüaZ viC¢ti ERbza RbsinebInwgmanZm(déTéRkElgCag sc©;

Tm; caK; xnþi kñ úgelakenH dUecñH elakehAbJ¦aza Tm; . kñúg

JküenHza Taenn Temn sMyemn sc©vaeTn Gtæi buBa¦M Gtæi buBa¦sS

GaKema ERbza buNüman kardl´énbuNürEmgman edayTan eday

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- 8 1 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á m a n k a m s U R t T I 9

Tm; edaysc©vaca dUecñH elakehA óe:szkm μza Tm; .

k ñ úgJküza sk¡ isSsi exa t V M b uNÑ «m ina Tm Ubsemn

smnñaKeta sunabrnþsw μ CnbeT vihritu M ERbza mñalbuNÑ; Gñk

RbkbedayesckþIGt´Zn´ edayesckþIsábénHehIy nwgGacenAkñ úg

CnbTsunabrnþ; dUecñH elakehA GZivasnxnþiza Tm; EtJküza

Tm; kñúgRBHsURtenH CaeQ μaHrbs´Zm(EdlCacMENksmaZi eRJH

ehtuenaH eTvtaeTIbeJlza n emanmtæi GsmahitsS ERbza bBa¦a

rEmgminmandl´GñkmancitþmintaMgmaM . kñúgbTTaMgenaH bTza emanM

:ndl´ jaNkñúgmK< 4 . BitNas´ jaNkñúgmK< 4 enaH jaN

NarEmgdwg ehtuenaH jaNenaH eTIbeQ μaHza eman; GZib|ayza

rEmgdwgsc©Zm( 4 . bTza mc©úeZyüsS :ndl´ vdþ;EdlRbRBwtþ

eTAkñ úgPUmi 3 BitehIy vdþ;EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgPUmi 3 enaH elak

ehAza mc©úeZyü; eRJHGtæza CaTItaMgénesckþIsøab´ .

bTza :rM :ndl´ eRtIy ‘niBVan’ KW CaTIrlt´énetPUmikvdþ

enaHÉg .

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bTza teryü :ndl´ Kb|Icak´Zø úH ßKb|Idl´ . JküenH

elakeJlTukza buK<lNamYykalenAkñúgéRBRbmaTehIy minKb|I

qøgput minKb|Icak´Zø úH minKb|IdléRtIyénetPUmikvdþ EdlCaTItaMg

énmc©ú:n .

[20] kñúgbTza manM bhay :ndl´ lHmanH 9 yäg

edayGrhtþmK< . bTza susmahitetþa :ndl´ mancitþtaMgmaM

lÁehIyedayóbcarsmaZi nigGb|nasmaZi . bTza suectesa

:ndl´ citþEdlpUrpg´sm|yutþedayjaN GZib|ayza BitehIy

elakminehAza GñkmancitþpUrpgédayR:scakjaN eRJHdUecñaH

GñkenaHeTIbeQ μaHza mancitþpUrpg´ eRJHRbkbedayjaN . bTza

sBVZi vib|muetþa esckþIza rYcputehIykñúgZm(TaMgBYg manxnÆ nig

Gaytn;CaedIm .

kñúgJküza teryü enH elakeJlza kalQanknøgetPUmi-

kvdþ cak´Zø úHRBHniBVanqøgeTA dUecñH eTIbeQ μaHza karqøgputeday

karcak´Zø úH . eRJHehtuenH sik¡a 3 elakeJlehIyedayKaza

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- 8 3 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á m a n k a m s U R t T I 9

enH . yägNa KW EdleQ μaHza manH enH CaeRK}gTmøaysIl

eRJHdUecñaH elakeTIbeJldl´GZisIlsik¡a edayJküza manM

bhay ERbza lHbg´manHehIy . elakeJl GZicitþsik¡a eday

Jküza susmahitetþa ERbza mancitþtaMgmaMlÁehIy . elaksEmþg

bJ¦aTukeday citþ s&BÞ kñ úgJküza suectesa enH eRJHdUecñaH

eTIbeQ μaHza sEmþgGZib|J¦asik¡a edayJküza suectesa enH .

kalsIlman k*eQ μaHza manGZisIl kalcitþman k*eQ μaH

za manGZicitþ kalbJ¦aman k*eQ μaHza manGZib|J¦a eRJHdUecñaH

sIl 5 kþI sIl 10 kþI eTIbeQ μaHza sIl kñúgTIenH . :ti-

emak¡sMvr Kb|IRCabza eQ μaHza GZisIl . smabtþi 8 eQ μaHza

citþ . QanEdlCa:TénvibsSna eQ μaHza GZicitþ . km μsSkta-

jaN eQ μaHza bJ¦a . vibsSnaeQ μaHza GZib|J¦a .

BitehIy sIlEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkalEdlRBHBuTÆminTan´ób|tþi

dUecñaH sIl 5 sIl 10 eQ μaHza sIl büeNÑaH . :tiemak¡-

sMvrsIl rEmgRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkalEdlRBHBuTÆRTg´ób|tþieLIg dUecñaH

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eTIbeQ μaHza GZisIl . sUm|Ikñ úgcitþ nigbJ¦a k*n&yenHdUcKña .

müägeT[t sUm|IsIl 5 sIl 10 EdlGñkR:zñaRBHniBVan

smaTanehIy k*eQ μaHza GZisIl dUcKña . sUm|Ismabtþi 8 Edl

cUldléhIy k*eQ μaHza GZicitþ dUcKña . ßza elakiysIlTaMg

Gs´ eQ μaHza sIl dUcKña elakutþrsIl eQ μaHza GZisIl . sUm|I

kñ úgcitþ nigbJ¦a k*n&yenHdUcKña . elakRbmUlsik¡a 3 mkeJl

sasnZm(TaMgGs´Tuk edayRBHKazaenH edayRbkardUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa mankamsURt TI 9

3

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- 8 5 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á G r B a Ø s U R t T I 1 0

G dð k za

GrBa¦sURtTI 10

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg GrBa¦sURt TI 10 teTA ?

[21] bTza snþan M :ndl´ GñkmankielsEdlsáb´rmáab´

ehIy müägeT[t :ndl´ bNÐit . sUm|IbNÐit elakk*ehAza

sb|úrs dUckñúgJkümanCaedImza senþahev sBÖi bevTynþi TUer

senþa bkaesnþi dUecñHk*man . bTza RBh μcarinM ERbza GñkRbRBwtþ

Zm(d*RbesIr KW GñkRbRBwtþmK<RBh μcriy; . eRcInbTza ekn veNÑa

bsITti esckþIza eTvtaTUlsYrza BN(sm|úrrbs´Pik¡ úEdlenAéRB

rEmgzøapUrpg´ edayehtuGV I . sYrza k*eRJHehtuGV IeTvtaenH eTIb

TUlsYryägenH . eqø Iyza :n»za eTvtaenHCaPUm μeTvta GaRs&y

enAkñ úgéRBeRsag eXIjPik¡ úTaMgLayGñkenAéRB RtLb´GMBIbiNÐ:t

eRkayPtþehIycUleTAkan´éRB kanýklk¡Nkm μdðan ‘km μdðantam

RbRktIvibsSna’ kñúgTIsRmakevlayb´ nigEdlCaTIsRmakkñúgevla

ézáTaMgenaH Gg<úycuHehIy . k*kalPik¡ úTaMgenaHGg<úyedaykm μdðan

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yägenHehIy ÉkK<tacitþEdlCaeRK}gCRmHrbsélak k*ekIteLIg .

lMdabénaH karbnþénvisPaK;k*cUleTArmáab´ . karbnþénsPaK;Zøak´

cuHehIy citþrEmgzøapUrpg´ kalcitþzøapUrpgéhIy elahitk*zøapUr-

pg´ . ó:TayrUbTaMgLay EdlmancitþCasmudðan rEmgbrisuTÆ i .

vNÑ;énmux hak´bIdUcCaBN(énEpøetñatTMu EdlZøakćakedIm dUecñaH .

eTvtaenaH RKaeXIjPik¡úTaMgenaHehIy eTIbRtiHriHza Zm μta srIrvNÑ;

‘BN(sm|úrénragkay’ enH rEmgzøapUrpg´dl´buK<lEdl:nePaCn

TaMgLaybribUrN¾ manrsd*RbNIt GñkmanTIenAGaRs&y eRK}gbiT

:Mg TIGg<úy TIedk mansmösSEdlsb|ay GñkmanR:saTepSg>

manR:saT 7 CanĆaedIm EdloesckþIsuxRKb´rdUvkal nigdl´

Gñk:nvtæúTaMgLay mankRmgp,aeQI eRK}gRkGUb nigeRK}glab

CaedIm EtPik¡ úTaMgenH Rtac´biNÐ:t qan´PtþlayKña seRmckar

edkelIERKRkaledaysøwkeQIepSg> ßedkelIEpnkþa ßelIsila

rEmgenAkñ úgTITaMgLay manKléQICaedIm ßza Rtg´TIval vNÑ;

rbs´Pik¡ úTaMgenH rEmgzøapUrpg´ eRJHehtuGV Ihñ @ dUecñH eRJHdUecñaH

eTIb:nTUlsYresckþIenaH cMeJHRBHbrmsasþa .

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- 8 7 - G d æ k f a n L v K Á G r B a Ø s U R t T I 1 0

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRtas´dléhtuenaH dl´

eTvta eTIbRtas´RBHKaza TI 2 . bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza GtItM

esckþIza RBH:TZm μ ikraCRBHnamÉeNaH mankñúgkalEdlknøgehIy .

RBHraCaGg<enaH :nzVaybc©&yTaMgLayd*RbNIt> dl´BYkeyIg .

óbCÄay¾GacarürbséyIgCaGñkmanlaPeRcIn RKaenaHBYkeyIgqan´

GaharEbbenH dNþbćIvrEbbenH Pik¡ úTaMgenH rEmgminesakesA

dl´bc©&yEdlknøgeTAehIy dUcPik¡ úEdlmanbc©&yeRcInBYkxøH yäg

enH edayRbkardUecñH . BIrbTza nb|Cb|nþ i naKtM GZib|ayza

RBH:TZm μ ikraCnwgmankñúgGnaKt CnbTTaMgLaynwgpSayeTA vtæ ú

TaMgLay manTwkedaHzøa TwkedaHxabĆaedIm nwgekIteLIgeRcInNas´

GñkeJlnwgmankñúgTIenaH> za sUmelakTaMgLaycUrTMJrsuI cUrbri-

ePaKCaedIm kñ úgkalenaH BYkeyIgnwgqan´GaharEbbenH nwgdNþb´

cIvrEbbenH Pik¡ úTaMgLayenH rEmgminR:zñabc©&y EdlminTan´man

yägenH edayRbkardUecñH . bTza bc©úb|enñn esckþIza rEmgciJw©m

xøÜnÉgedaybc©&yNamYy Edl:nkñúgxN;enaH . bTza etn :n

dl´ edayehtusUm|I 3 yägenaH .

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RBHmanRBHPaK luHsEmþgkardl´RBménvNÑ;yägenHehIy

«LÚvenH kalnwgsEmþgesckþIvinasénvNÑ;enaHÉg eTIbRtas´Kaza

kñ úglMdabénaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza GnaKtb|Cb|ay ERbza eRJHR:zña

bc©&yEdlminTan´mkdl´ . bTza Éetn :ndl´ edayehtuTaMg

2 enH . bTza neLavhrieta lueta GZib|ayza BYkPik¡ úJl

nwgs<mesøksøaMg dUcedImbbusRss´ EdlbuK<ldkecaldak´pÞaMg

z μEdlekþA nwgsáÜteTA dUecñaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa GrBaØsURt TI 10

cb; nLvKÁ TI 1

kñ úgvKÁenH r Ymman 10 Gdækfa KW H-

1-»XtrNGdækfa 2-niemakçGdækfa 3-]benyüGdækfa 4-Gec©nþ iGdækfa 5-ktiqinÞ iGdækfa 6-CaKrGdækfa 7-Gb,diviTitGdækfa 8-susm μ údæGdækfa 9-mankamGdækfa 10-GrBaØGdækfa

3

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- 8 9 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á n n Þ n s U R t T I 1

nnÞnvK< TI 2

G dð k za

nnÞnsURtTI 1

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg sURtTI 1 énnnÞnvK< teTA ?

[23] bTza tRt ERbza kñ úgGaramenaH . s&BÞza exa Rtwm

EtCani:t EdleZVIBüJ¢n;osÁater[bry . bTza Pik¡ Ú Gamenþsi

:ndl´ rEmgoPik¡úTaMgLayEdlCabris&Td*RbesIr :nRCab . bT

za Pik¡eva CabTsEmþgdl´GakarEdlehAPik¡ úTaMgenaHmk . bTza

PTenþ CaJküTTYlRBHtRmas´ .

bTza et Pik¡ Ú esckþIza Pik¡ úBYkNa CaGñkmannaTInwgTTYl

RBHZm(eTsna KW Pik¡ úTaMgenaH . bTza PKveta bc©esSasuM esckþI

za Pik¡ úTaMgenaH sþab´RBHtRmas´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaKehIy CaGñk

mannaTI KW sþabéhIy TTYlRBHtRmas´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaK .

[24] bTza ÉtTevac esckþIza «LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaK:n

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Rtas´JküCaedImza er]genHZøab´manmkehIy dUecñH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza tavtigSkayika :ndl´ ekItkñ úg

BYkeTvtaCan´tavtþ igS elakehAeTvelakCan´TIBIrza tavtigSkay

‘ERbza manBYk 33 ßBYkeTB 33’ GacarüTaMgLay eJlza :n

»za bJ¦tþieQ μaHza tavtigSkay enH ekIteLIgkñúgeTvelakenaH eRJH

GaRs&yeTvbuRt 33 Gg< ób|tþikñ úgTIenaH eRJHmrN;rbsĆn 33

nwgmXmaNBkñúgRsúkGclRKam dUecñH . k*eRJHkamavcreTvelak

6 Can´manehIy sUm|Ikñ úgcRkvaLd*ess tamEdl:nRtas´Tukza

manesþccatum μharaCmYyJn´Gg< manBiPBtavtþ igSmYyJn´ dUecñH

CaedIm dUecñaH Kb|IRCabnambJ¦tþ ienH rbséTvelakenaH dUecñH .

BitNas´ edayehtuenH bTza tavtigSkay eTIbminxus .

Kb|IRCabvieRKaHkñúgbTza nnÞnven enHza éRBenaH rEmgjúaMg

buK<lTaMgLayGñkcUleTAehIy orIkray oeRtkGr eRJHehtuenaH

éRBenaH eTIbeQ μaHza nnÞn; ERbza júaMgbuK<lEdlcUleTAehIy

oeRtkGr . BitNas´ kalmrNnimitþ 5 yäg ekIteLIgehIy

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BYkeTvtaTaMgLay rEmgTYjyMza BYkeyIgnwgRtÚvlHbgécalsm|tþi

cutieTA dUecñH . sk,;eTvraCoOvaTza GñkTaMgLaykuMesayesak

eLIy EdleQ μaHza sg¡arTaMgLayminEbkZøayeTAminmaneT dUecñH

ehIyeTIboeTvtaenaHcUleTAkan´sYnnnÞnv&nkñúgézáenaH esckþIesak

esA eRJHmrN;rbséTvtaenaH sUm|IRtÚveTvtadéTeRk{mRkM k*rEmg

sáb´rmáab´:n eRJHeXIjsm|tþiénsYnnnÞnv&nenaH . bIti:emaC¢;

b¨ ueNÑaH rEmgekIteLIg . eBlenaH kaleTvtaTaMgLaykMBugelg

enAkñúgsYnnnÞnv&nenaHÉg ‘ragkay’ rEmgrlayeTAdMNk´TwksenSIm

EdlRtÚvkMedA nigrEmgRtÚvrltéTA dUcCaGNþatRbTIbRtÚvxül´bk´

dUecñaH .

müägeT[t kEnøgNamYy rEmgjúaMgeTvtaGñkcUleTAkñ úgxag

kñúgehIy orIkray oeRtkGrn@uHÉg eRJHehtuenaH TIenaHeTIbeQ μaH

za nnÞn . kñúgTIenH :ndl´ kñ úgsYnnnÞnv&nenaH . bTza Gcära

kñ úgbTza Gcärasg¹brivuta enH CaeQ μaH eTBZIta GñkEhhmkñúg

BYkrbsńageTBGbSrenaH . bTza TieBVhi :ndl´ GñkekItkñúgeTv-

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elak . bTza bBa©hi kamKueNhi :ndl´ eRK}gcg KW kam

ßcMENkénkamTaMg 5 eJlKW rUb sMeLg køin rs nigepadðBV; CaTI

RsLaj´ CaTIeBjcitþ . bTza smb|ita KW EqÁts,b´s,l´ . Jkü

za mUlmitþ k*Caevvcn;rbs´Baküza EqÁts,b´s,lénaHÉg . bTza

bricariymana :ndl´ eTvtaTaMgLayrIkrayehIy KW júaMg«®nÞ iy

orIkraykñúgkamKuN manrUbCaedImTaMgenaH . bTza tayM evlayM

:ndl´ kñ úgevlaEdlbeRmIenaH .

k*kalenaH bNÐitKb|IRCabza minyUr eTvbuRtenaH k*ób|tþi

eLIg . BitehIy GtþPaBrbséTvtaEdlób|tþieLIgenaH manRbmaN

3 Kavut ruger]ghak´bIdUcduMmasBN(Rkhm eTvbuRtenaH esø{kdNþb´

sMBt´TiBV Rbdab´takÉtgedayeRK}gRbdabÉdlCaTiBV RTRTgéday

p,aeQITiBV EdlnageTBGbSrlabRsLabedaylmÁitcnÞ nigeRK}g

labTaMgLayEdlCaTiBV RtÚvRKbsg,téhIy jaMjIehIy ecameram

ehIy edaykamKuN 5 EdlCaTiBV RtÚvraK;RKbsg,t´ mineXIj

RBHniBVanEdlCaTIrlasécjcakelak kaleJlKazaenHza n et

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suxM bCannþi CaedIm edaysMeLgd*xøa Mg ehIyk*RtacéTAkñ úgsYn

nnÞnv&n dUcCabuK<leJlvacaeRKatRKat ‘EdlminEmnCavacarbs´

sb|úrs’ edayehtuenaH eTvbuRtenaH eTIb:neJlKazaenH kñ úg

evlaenaH .

bTza ey n bsSnþi nnÞnM :ndl´ eTvtaBYkNaEdlenA

kñúgTIenaH rEmgeXIjnnÞnv&nedayGMNacénkaresaybJ©kamKuN .

bTza nreTvanM :ndl´ nr;EdlCaeTvta . KW bursCaeTvta .

bTza tiTsanM ERbza samsib . bTza yssSinM ERbza dl´

RBmedayys KW brivar ‘brivarys’ .

[25] BIrbTza GBa¦tra eTvta :ndl´ eTvtaCaRBHGriy-

savikamYyGg< . bTza bc©Pasi GZib|ayza eTvtalágéxøAenH rEmg

sm<al´sm|tþi ‘rbs´xøÜn’ enHza Carbs´Kg´vg´ Carbs´minjab´j&r

rEmgminRCabdl´sm|tþienaH EtgmanesckþIvinaseTACaZm μta eRBaH

ehtuenH eTvtaEdlCaRBHGriysavika CaGñkminlHbgésckþItaMg

citþ sEmþgsPav; eTIb:neJlKazaenHza n tVM Bael ERbza mñal

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GñklágéxøA . bTza yza GrhtMþ veca GZib|ayza kalCMTas´

esckþIRtÚvkarrbséTvtaEdllágéxøAyägenHza elak rEmgmindwg

Jkürbs´RBHGrhnþTaMgLay edayBit dUecñHehIy «LÚvenH kal

nwgsEmþgJkürbs´RBHGrhnþTaMgLay eTIbeJlJküza Gnic©a Ca

edIm .

bNþaJküTaMgenaH Jküza Gnic©a seBV sg¡ara GZib|ay

za sg¡arEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmi 3 TaMgGs´ eQ μaHza mineT[g eRJH

Gtæza manehIyminmanvij ‘ekItehIyk*rltéTA’ . Jküza ób|a-

TvyZm μ iena :ndl´ sPav;EdlekIteLIg nigsabsUnüeTA ‘mankar

ekIteLIg nigmankarvinaseTACaZm μta’ . Jküza ób|C¢itVa niruCÄnþ i

enH Caevvcn;rbs´Jkümun ‘KW ób|aTvy’ . müägeT[t ERbza eRJH

ekIteLIgehIyrEmgrltéTA dUecñaH elakeTIbeJlza mankarekIt

eLIg nigvinaseTACaZm μta . k*kñúgTIenH elakkanýkfan;kñúglMdab´

enaHÉg edays&BÞób|aT; nigvy; . Jküza etsM vUbsema suexa

GZib|ayza RBHniBVan eJlKW karcUleTAsáb´rmáab´énsg¡arTaMgLay

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enaH Casux . enHCaJkürbs´RBHGrhnþTaMgLay dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa nnÞnsURtTI 1

3

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G dð k za

nniÞsURtTI 2

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg nnÞisURtTI 2 teTA ?

[26] bTza nnÞti ERbza rEmgeRtkGr KW rEmgmancitþCa

rbs´xø Ün .

bTza butþ ima :ndl´ manbuRteRcIn . BitehIy buRtBYkxøH

eZVIksikm μehIy rEmgjúaMgCRgúkRsÚvoeBj BYkxøHeZVIkarehIy rEmg

naMR:k´ nigmasmk BYkxøHbeRmIraCkar rEmg:nvtæúTaMgLay man

yan Jhn; Kam niKmCaedIm . mata ßbita kalesaysirIEdl

ekIteLIgedayGanuPaBénbuRtTaMgenaH rEmgeRtkGr . müägeT[t

mata ßbitaeXIjbuRtTaMgLay EdlbuK<lRbdab´takÉtg eZVIoekIt

esckþIeRtkGr esaysm|tþikñúgézámg<lCaedIm rEmgeRtkGr . eday

ehtuenaH eTvtasMedAykkarRbRBwtþeTAenaH eTIbeJlza nnÞti bu-

etþhi butþ ima ERbza GñkmanbuRt rEmgeRtkGreRJHbuRtTaMgLay

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-97- Gdækfa nnÞnvKÁ nnÞisURt TI 2

dUecñH . bTza eKahi tezv esckþIza GñkmanbuRt rEmgeRtkGr

eRJHbuRt yägNa sUm|IGñkmaneKa k*dUecñaH GñkmaneKaeXIjmNÐl

éneKa ‘TIlanéneKa’ sm|ÚrN¾ehIy eRJHGaRs&yeKaTaMgLay eK

esaysm|tþi KW bJ©eKars eTIbeQ μaHza rEmgeRtkGreRJHeKaTaMg

Lay . bTza óbZi kñ úgbTza óbZIhi nrsS nnÞna enH :ndl´

óbZi 4 yäg KW kamUbZi ‘óbZi KW kam’ xnÆÚbZi ‘óbZi KW xnÆ’ kiel-

sUbZi ‘óbZi KW kiels’ nigGPisg¡arUbZi ‘óbZi KW GPisg¡ar’ .

BitNas´ sUm|IkamTaMgLay RBHmanRBHPaKk*RtaséhAza

óbZi eRJHvcntæ;za esckþIsuxEdlbuK<lcUleTAtaMgTukkñ úgkam-

KuNenH k*eRJHkamTaMgenH CaTIGaRs&yenAénesckþIsux dUcEdl

Rtas´TukyägenHza esckþIsux esckþIesamnsSNa GaRs&ykam-

KuN 5 ekIteLIg enHeQ μaHza esckþIeBjcitþkñ úgkamTaMgLay

dUecñH .

sUm|IxnÆTaMgLay k*RtaséhAza óbZi eRJHxnÆTaMgenaHCaTI

GaRs&yenAénTuk¡EdlmanxnÆCamUl . sUm|IkielsTaMgLay k*Rtas´

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ehAza óbZi eRJHkielsTaMgenaH CaTIGaRs&yenAénTuk¡kñúgG:y .

sUm|IGPisg¡arTaMgLay k*RtaséhAza óbZi eRJHGPisg¡arTaMg

enaH CaTIGaRs&yenAénTuk¡kñ úgPB . Etkñ úgTIenH elakbMNgyk

kamUbZi eRJHkamKuN 5 EdlbuK<lbeRmIedayGMNacénvtæúTaMgLay

mankarenAkñ úgR:saT 3 rdUvCaedIm manTIGg< úy TIedk GaPrN;

Gav sMBtÉdlRbNIt manbrivarKal´beRmI edaykarraMCaedIm Ca

ehtunaMmknUvbItiesamnsS rEmgjúaMgnr;oeRtkGr dUecñaH buRtTaMg

Lay nigeKaTaMgLay yägNa Kb|IRCabza sUm|IóbZiTaMgenH k*

dUecñaH eRJHCaTIeRtkGrrbsńr; . :TénKazaza n hi esa nnÞti

eya ni rUbZi esckþIza buK<lNaminmanóbZi KW ev[rcakkardl´

RBmedaykamKuN CaGñkxVHxat manGahar nigeRK}gesø{kdNþb´

:nedaylM:k buK<lenaHÉg rEmgeRtkGrmin:n .

sYrza mnusSdUceRbt mnusSdUcstVnrk EbbenHnwgeRtkGr

yägNa .

eqøIyza RbkarenH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´visC¢naTukehIy ‘kñúg

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-99- Gdækfa nnÞnvKÁ nnÞisURt TI 2

KazaTI 27’ RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´sþab´Jkü ‘EdleTvtaeJl’ enH

ehIy RTg´manRBHtRmiHza eTvtaenH rEmgeZVIer]génesckþIesakesA

n@ uHÉg oCaer]gKYreRtkGr tzaKtnwgsEmþgesckþIEdlvtæúTaMgenaH

Caer]génesckþIesakesAdléK dUecñH kalnwgTmøayvaT;rbséTvta

enaH edayóbmaenaHÉg dUcbuK<ljúaMgJküCaehtupl oZøakéTA

edayehtupl eTIbRTg´pøas´RBHKazaenaHÉg ehIyRtas´za esacti

CaedIm .

[27] bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza esacti buetþhi esckþIza

kalbuRtTaMgLayvinaseTAkþ I :t´bgéTAkþ I edayGMNacénkareZV I

dMeNIreTAkEnøgepSg sUm|ImanesckþIsgS&ykñúgkal«LÚvenHza nwg

:t´bgéTA mata nigbita rEmgesakesA .

mYyeT[t kalbuRtsøabéhIykþI kMBugnwgsøab´kþ I ßRtÚvraC-

burs ßecarCaedIm cabéTA ßza enAkñ úgkNþab´édrbs´sRtÚvTaMg

Lay mata ßbitaCaGñkmanesckþIsgS&yza søabéhIykþI rEmg

esakesA . kalbuRtrbUtZøak´GMBIedImeQI ßGMBIPñ MCaedIm manéd

nigeCIg:k´kþI rbYskþI manesckþIsgS&yza :kéhIykþI mata ßbita

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rEmgesakesA . buK<lmanbuRt rEmgesakesAeRJHbuRtTaMgLay

yägNa sUm|IGñkmaneKa k*dUecñaH rEmgesakesAeRJHeKaTaMgLay

edayGakar 9 yäg . :TRBHKazaza óbZI hi nrsS esacn

esckþIza dUcCa buRt nigeKaTaMgLay yägNa sUm|IóbZi KW kam-

KuN 5 k*dUecñaH rEmgjúaMgnr;oesakesA edayn&yEdlRtas´

Tukza tsS ec kamymansSqnÞCatsS Cnþúena et kama briha-

ynþi sløvieTÆav rub|ti RbsinebIstVenaH manesckþIR:zña man

esckþIeBjcitþekIteLIgehIy kamTaMgenaH rEmgjúaMgeKovinaseTA

dUcbuK<lRtÚvkUnsrmutehIy rEmgvinas dUecñaH . eRJHdUecñaH bNÐit

Kb|IRCabza esckþIesakesArbsńr; k*KW er]gesckþIesakesAn@uH

Ég . bTza n hi esa esacti eya nirUbZi esckþIza RBHman-

RBHPaKRtas´GZib|ayTukza óbZiTaMg 4 enH minmandl´buK<lNa

buK<lenaH rEmgminmanóbZi KW esckþIesakesA mñaleTvta eRJH

ehtuenaHÉg RBHmhaxINaRsBnwgesakesA ßkMBugesakesAmanß

dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa nni ÞsURt TI 2 3

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- 1 0 1 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á n t ß i b u t þ s m s U R t T I 3

G dð k za

ntæibutþsmsURtTI 3

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg ntæibutþsmsURtTI 3 teTA ?

[28] :TKazaza ntæi butþsmM ebmM esckþIza buRtTaMgLay

rbs´xøÜnsUm|IBikar mata ßbita k*enAEtsm<al´dUcduMmas mankar

sÞabRc:c´srIs;CaedIm eRb{bbIdUcCakRmgp,aeQI buRtTaMgenaH

sUm|ImatabitaCRmHragkayehIy k*naMmkesø{kdNþb´ edIm|IoekIt

esamnsS dUcbuK<lx©béRK}gRkGUb nigeRK}glab dUecñaH eRBaHehtu

enaHÉg eTvtaeTIbeJlza ntæi butþsmM ebmM esckþIRsLajés μ I

edaybuRt rEmgminman KW EdleQ μaHza esckþIRsLaj´déTes μ I

edayesckþIRsLaj´kñ úgbuRtminmaneT dUecñH .

bTza eKasmikM ERbza es μ IedayeKaTaMgLay eTvtaRkab

TUlza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK Zm μtaza RTBüdéTes μ IedayeKa rEmg

minman dUecñH . bTza sumiysma GaPa enH eTvtaRkabTUlza

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eQ μaHza BnøWsVagdéTes μ IedayBnøWRBHGaTitü rEmgminman dUecñH .

bTza smuTÞbrma esckþIza eQ μaHza RsHTaMgLaydéTNamYy

RsHTaMgGs´TaMgenaH mansmuRTCayägéRkElg KW smuRTRbesIr

CagRsHTaMgGsénaH eTvtaTUlza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK eQ μaHza

TIekItRbPBTwkdéT es μ IedaysmuRTminmaneT dUecñH .

EdleQ μaHza esckþIRsLajés μ IedayxøÜnminmanenaH man

GZib|ayza stVTaMgLay lHbgécalbiyCnTaMgLay manmata

bitaCaedImk*man lHbgécalbuRtZItaCaedIm oenAGaRs&y ‘nwgGñk

déT ehIy’ rEmgrkciJ©wmCIvitxøÜnn@uHÉgk*man . k*eQ μaHza RTBües μ I

edayRsÚv rEmgminman GZib|ayza CnTaMgLay rEmgcUleTAkan´

smñak´rbs´m©as´RTBü kanýkvtæúTaMgLay manR:k´ nigmasCaedIm

xøH nigkanýkeKa nigRkbICaedImxøH k*R:zñakñ úgRsÚvGg,rn@ uHÉg .

eQ μaHza BnøWes μ IedaybBa¦arEmgminman sUm|IRBHGaTitüCaedIm k*rEmg

beBa©jBnøWEtmüägbüeNÑaH KW rEmgkm©atésckþIggwtEdlCabc©úb|nñ

b¨ ueNÑaH . cMENkbJ¦a rEmgjúaMgelakZatuTaMgmu WnoaPø W rkvtæúdéT

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- 1 0 3 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á n t ß i b u t þ s m s U R t T I 3

es μ Imin:n TaMgrEmgkm©at´bgésckþIggwtEdlbiT:MgkñúgCacMENk

énGtItCaedIm:npg . eQ μaHza RsHes μ IedayePø{grEmgminman .

sUm|ITenø ßbwg ßsÞwgCaedImk*eday EdleQ μaHza RsHes μ Ieday

ePø{g rEmgminman eRJHkalePø{gminZøakéhIy TwksUm|IRtwmEtmYy

zñaMgédoesImkñúgmhasmuRT rEmgminman . EtkalePø{gZøakéhIy

Twkk*Cab´tKña rEmgmandl´BiPBénRBh μCan´GaPsSra eRJHehtuenaH

RBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRtas´tbJkürbséTvta eTIbRtas´RBHKaza

za ?

ntæi GtþsmM ebmM ntæi ZBa¦smM ZnM

ntæi bBa¦asma GaPa vudð i ev brma sra

esckþIRsLajés μ IedayxøÜnminman RTBües μ Ieday

RsÚvminman BnøWes μ IedaybBa¦aminman ePø{gbüeNÑaH

CaRsHd*RbesIr dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa ntßibutþsmsURt TI 3

3

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G dð k za

xtþiysURtTI 4

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg xtþiysURtTI 4 teTA ?

[30] bTza xtþieya TibTM ERbza RBHraCaRbesIrbMputCag

stVeCIg 2 . bTza ekamarI esckþIza eTvtaeJlza PriyaEdl

CakumarI ‘enAek μg’ RbesIrbMputCagPriyaTaMgLay eRJHkanýkkñúg

evlaEdlnagCakumarI ‘RsIRkmuM’ . bTza buBVeCa esckþIza buRtNa

ekItmun CamnusSxVakÉPñkm¡agk*eday ßbuRtEdlCaBikarCaedImk*

eday butþNaekItmun butþenHÉg eQ μaHza RbesIrbMput kñúgvaT;rbs´

eTvtaenH k*eRJHstVeCIg 2 TaMgLay manRBHBuTÆCaedImenH RBHBuTÆ

CabuK<lRbesIrbMputCagstV 2 eCIgTaMgGs´ dUecñaH RBHmanRBHPaK

eTIbRtas´RBHKaza tb .

[31] Kb|IRCabvinicä&ykñúgKazaTI 2 za RBHmanRBHPaKRbesIr

bMputCagstVTaMgGs´ TaMgstVmaneCIg nigminmaneCIg esckþIBit

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- 1 0 5 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á x t þ i y s U R t T I 4

enaH kalRBHGg<RTg´ób|tþi rEmgRTg´ób|tþikñúgstVeCIg 2 büeNÑaH . eRJHdUecñaH eTIbRtas´za sm μasm¬úeTÆa TibTM esedða ERbza RBH-

sm μasm¬úTÆRbesIrCagstVeCIg 2 dUecñH . karEdlRBHsm μasm¬úTÆ

RTg´ób|tþieLIgCabuK<lRbesIrbMputCagstVeCIg 2 TaMgGsénaH min

eXø{gXøateLIy .

bTza GaCanIeya GZib|ayza dMrI ßstVTaMgLay manesH

CaedImk*eday stVNamYy rEmgdwgnUvehtu stVGaCaenyüenH cat´

CastVRbesIrbMputCagstVeCIg 4 dUcesHeQ μaHza KuLvNÑ rbs´

RBHraCaRBHnamza kUdkm μ .

:n»za RBHraCaesþcecjtamTVarxagTisbs©wm RTg´RtiHriHza

eyIgnwgeTAectiybB(t eBlesþcmkdléRtIyTenøklm¬; . esH

k*QbénARtgéRtIy minR:zñanwgqøgTwkeTA . RBHraCaRtaséhA

nayGsSacarümk ehIyRtas´za Ohñ@esHEdlelakTUn μanlÁehIy

minR:zñanwgqøgTwk dUecñH . nayGsSacarüRkabTUlza bBiRtRBH-

sm μtieTB esHEdlx\ú MRBHGg<TUn μanlÁehIy k*eRJHesHenaHKitza ebI

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eyIgnwgqøgTwkeTA eramknÞúynwgesIm kaleramknÞúyesImehIy k*

nwgeZVITwkoesImdl´RBHraCa dUecñH eTIbminqøgeTA eRJHxøacTwkesIm

dl´RBHsrIr;rbs´RBHGg< edayGakaryägenH sUmRBHGg<cUroraC-

burskanéramknÞúyesHcuH . RBHraCa:noeZVIehIyyägenaH esH

eTIbqøgeTAedayrh&sdrabdléRtIym¡agenaHÉg .

bTza susSÚsa esckþIza sþab´bg<ab´ GZib|ayza Priya

EdlkanýksUm|Ikñ úgevlaEdlCakumarI ßxageRkaymanrUblÁ ßmin

lÁ cUrelIkTuksin PriyaNasþab´bg<ab´sVamI rEmgbeRmI rEmgo

sVamIeBjcitþ PriyaenaHRbesIrbMput CagPriyaTaMgLay . bTza

GsSeva ERbza sþabÓvaT GZib|ayza buRtNabgk*eday bÁÚnk*

eday butþNarEmgsþabÓvaT rEmgTTYlJkürbs´matabita CaGñk

sñgtamOvaT buRtenHRbesIrCagbuRtTaMgLay mñaleTvta RbeyaCn¾

GV Ihñ @edaybuRtdéTEdlCaecar mankarkatĆBa¢a MgCaedIm dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa xtþiysURt TI 4

3

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- 1 0 7 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á s k m a n s U R t T I 5

G dð k za

skmansURtTI 5

v inicä &ykñúg skmansURtTI 5 teTA ?

[32] bTza fiet mCÄnþ iek ERbza kñ úgevlaézáRtg´ . bTza

snñisienñsu :ndl´ sñak´GaRs&ykñúgTIEdlmines μ IKña eRJHcUl

eTAkan´TItamesckþIsb|ay yägNa . GZib|ayza eQ μaHza evla

ézáRtgénH CaevlaTuBVlén«riyabzrbs´sBVstVTaMgLay . Et

kñúgTIenH elaksEmþgesckþITuBVlén«riyabz rbs´stVTaMgLay

büeNÑaH . bTza blaetv :ndl´ »sUrsMeLgrMBgxøa Mg . k*kñ úg

TIenHelakeJlyksMeLgEdlrukkYnbüeNÑaH sMeLgenHÉg eRb{b

dUcCasMeLgrMBgxøaMg . BitehIy kñúgrdUvekþA evlaézáRtg´ BYkstV

eCIg 4 nigBYkbkSITaMgLaymkRbCuMKña ‘sRmak’ sMeLgxøaMg KW

sMeLgénRBgédImeQIEdlxül´bk´RtÚvpg TIes μAyabøg #sSI Edl

xül´bk´RtÚvpg edImeQIkkitKñaRtgédImnwgedIm EmknwgEmkpg rEmg

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ekIteLIgRtg´kNþaléRBnUvsMeLgrMBgenaH elakeJlsMedAyk

sMeLgZMenH .

bTza tM PyM bdiPati mM esckþIza kñúgkalEbbenaH sMeLg

dUecñaH rEmgR:kdCaP&ydl´x\ ú M . :n»za eTvtaenaHmanbJ¦aTn´

exSay kalmin:nesckþIsux 2 yäg KW esckþIsuxkñ úgkarGg< úy

esckþIsuxkñúgkarniyayrbs´xøÜnkñúgxN;enaH eTIbeJlyägenH .

k*eRJHkñúgkaldUecñaH Caevlasáat´rbs´Pik¡ ú EdlRtLb´BIbiNÐ:t

ehIyGg<úyceRmInkm μdðankñúgéRBRkas´ esckþIsuxmanRbmaNminEmn

tic rEmgekIteLIg . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sMedAykJküNaza

suBa¦aKarM bvidðsS snþcitþsS Pik¡ úena

GmanusI rtI ehati sm μa Zm μ M v ibsSetati c

bureta bcäeta vabi Gbera ev n viC¢ti

Gtiv pasu Pvti ÉksS vseta venti c

kalPik¡ úcUleTAkan´suBa¦aKar ‘pÞHsáat´’ mancitþsáb´

ehIy eRtkGrenAkñúgvtæúEdlminEmnrbs´mnusS eTIb

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- 1 0 9 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á s k m a n s U R t T I 5

eTIbeXIjZm(edayRbéB dUecñH .

nigKazaza buK<ldéTxagmux ßza xageRkay

rEmgminR:kd kalebICabuK<lmñak´ÉgenAkñúgéRB esckþI

esckþIsux rEmgekIt:nedayrh&s dUecñH .

[33] eRJHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´RBHKazaTI 2 .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza sa rti bdiPati mM GZib|ayza

kñúgevlaEbbenH eQ μaHza karGg<úyrbs´buK<lEtmñak´Ég yägNa

enaHCaesckþIeRtkGr rEmgR:kddl´tzaKt . Jküd*ess dUcKña

nwgn&ymunn@ uHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa skmansURt TI 5

3

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G dð k za

niTÞatnÞisURtTI 6

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg niTÞatnÞ isURtTI 6 teTA ?

[34] bTza niTÞa GZib|ayza RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za mñal

GK<ievsn; tzaKtrEmgdwgkñúgExxagcugrdUvKimØnþ; ‘rdUvekþA’ tzaKt

QancuHkanésckþIlk´ dUecñH eRJHesckþIlkÉdlCaGBüakt;Ebb

enH zInmiTÆ;eTIbekIteLIgkñúgGkuslcitþ EdlCassg¡arikrbs´RBH-

esk¡; nigbuzuC¢nTaMgLay TaMgkñúgcMENkxagedIm nigxagcug .

bTza tnÞI :ndl´ esckþIgguyegakgk´ EdlekIteLIgkñúgevla

ehvht´ nigRtCakĆaedIm . JküenH smdUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK

Rtas´Tukza ktma tnÞiÇÇÇ bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza tnÞI etIdUcemþc

esckþIgguyegakgk´ kiriyagguyegakgk´ sPaBcitþEdlgguyegak

gk´ esckþIx¢ ilRcGUs kiriyax¢ ilRcGUs sPaBcitþEdlx¢ilRcGUs

Na enHtzaKteJlza tnÞI dUecñH . bTza viCimð ita ERbza esckþI

esckþImitBt´kay . bTza Grti :ndl´ esckþImineBjcitþkñ úgZm(

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- 1 1 1 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á n i T Þ a t n Þ i s U R t T I 6

EdlCakusl . bTza Ptþsm μeTa ERbza esckþIRsvwgeRJHGahar

esckþIlM:kcitþeRJHGahar . k*esckþIBisþarénJküTaMgenH mk

ehIykñúgRBHGPiZm μ edayn&yCaedImza ttæ ktma viCimØ ika ya

kaysS viCimØa ERbza bNþaJküTaMgenaH Jküza esckþImitBt´

kay etIdUcemþc esckþITeRmténkayÇÇÇ dUcemþc . bTza Éetn

esckþIza esckþIesAh μgedayóbk,iels manesckþIlkĆaedImenH

CaehtuR:kd Edlham:n . bTza nb|kasti :ndl´ minCak´

c|as´ KW minR:kd . bTza GriymeK<a :ndl´ elakutþrmK< .

bTza «Z ERbza kñ úgelakenH . bTza :NinM ERbza dl´stV

TaMgLay . bTza vIrieyn :ndl´ esckþIBüayamEdlekItRBm

nwgmK< . bTza nM bNaemtVa enH :ndl´ naMkielsecjehIy .

bTza GriymeK<a :ndl´ elakiy; nigelakutþrmK< . eRJHehtu

enaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za mK< rEmgbrisuTÆi eRJHnaMóbk,iels

ecjehIyedaymK<n@ uHÉg dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa niTÞatnÞisURtTI 6

3

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G dð k za

Tuk,rsURtTI 7

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg Tuk,rsURtTI 7 teTA ?

[36] bTza Tutþ itik¡ M :ndl´ RTaM:nlM:k KW Gt´RTaM:n

edaylM:k . bTza GBüetþn ERbza CnJl . bTza samBa¦ M

ERbza Zm(rbs´smN; GZib|ayza eTvtarEmgsEmþgJküenHza

kulbuRtGñkqøat TUn μanZm(rbs´smN;Na 10 qñaMxøH 20 qñaMxøH

60 qña MxøH sUm|IkarTUn μanyägéRkElg KW sg,t´BitanedayGNþat

xøH RKbsg,tćitþedaycitþxøH esBGasn;EtmYy nUvPtþEtmYydg

RbRBwtþRBh μcriyrhUtdl´GsĆIvit eZV IsmNZm( bBiRtRBHman-

RBHPaK buK<lJlGñkminqøat rEmgminGaceZVInUvsmNZm(enaH:n

dUecñH . bTza BhUhi ttæ sm¬aZa esckþIza eTvtarEmgsEmþgza

esckþIlM:keRcInrbs´buK<lJl GñkbdibtþiedIm|IseRmcmK< kñ úg

GriymK< eJlKW smNZm(enaH eRJHkñúgcMENkxagedImrEmgman

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- 1 1 3 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á T u k á r s U R t T I 7

GnþrayeRcIn dUecñH . bTza citþM ec n nivarey GZib|ayza Rbsin

ebI minKb|IhamcitþEdlekIteLIgedayó:yminRbéBenaH k*Kb|I

RbRBwtþsmNZm(:nGs´ézábnþ icbnþÜc KW Kb|IRbRBwtþ:nmYyézáxøH

eRJHza buK<lEdlZøakénAkñúgGMNaccitþ rEmgminGaceZVIsmNZm(

:n .

bTza beT beT :ndl´ RKb´> Garm μN¾ BitehIy kñúgTIenH

bT s&BÞ elaksMedAdl´Garm μN¾ eRJHza Garm μN¾Na> EdljúaMg

kielsoekIt buK<lJlrEmgliccuH ‘rEmgCabĆMBak´’ kñúgGarm μN¾

enaH> bT s&BÞ nwgsMedAdl´«riyabzpgk*KYr eRJHza kiels

rEmgekIteLIgkñúg«riyabzNa> mankaredIrCaedIm buK<lJlenaH

eQ μaHza rEmgliccuH kñ úg«riyabzenaH> Ég . bTza sg,b|anM

ERbza mankamvitk,CaedIm . bTza kuem μav ERbza dUcGeNþIk .

bTza Gg<ani :ndl´ Gvyv;TaMgLay manÇkÇCaKRmb´R:M . bTza

semaThM ERbza lwb ßza lwbehIy . bTza menavitek, ERbza

vitk,EdlekIteLIgkñ úgcitþ .

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RBHd*manRBHPaKRTg´Rtas´sEmþgJküenHTuk edayJküRtwm

EtbüeNÑHza GeNþIklwbGvyv;TaMgLay manÇkÇCaKRmb´ 5 Tukkñúg

sñÚkrbs´xøÜn minoOkasdlćck eRJHkarlwbxøÜneTIbputBIGnþray

yägNa Pik¡úk*dUecñaH karTb´Tlńwgvitk,EdlekIteLIgkñúgcitþ kñúgkar

rkSaGarm μN¾rbs´xøÜn rEmgminoOkasdl´mar eRJHkarTb´TlénaH

elakeTIbdlésckþIminmanP&y dUecñH . bTza GnisSietþa ERbza

CaGñkminGaRs&yedaytNØanisS&y nigTidðinisS&y . bTza Geh-

dðmaena ERbza mineb[teb[n .

bTza briniBV úeta ERbza briniBVanehIy edaykielsniBVan

‘edaykarrlt´sñiTÆénkiels’ . bTza nUbveTyü kBa© i GZib|ay

za CaGñkR:zñaeZVIodUcCamindwgedayvtæúNamYy manesckþIvibtþién

Gacar;CaedIm minKb|IeJldl´buK<ldéTNa> KWza k*Pik¡úcUleTAtaMg

TuknUvZm( 5 yäg manJküza eyIgnwgeJledaykald*smKYr nwg

mineJlGMBIkalEdlminsmKYrCaedIm Tukkñúgxagkñúg ehIyGaRs&y

PaBCaGñkkruNa Kb|IeJlGMBIcitþEdltaMgTuk kñ úgsPaBénesckþI

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- 1 1 5 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á T u k á r s U R t T I 7

GnueRKaH dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa TukársURtTI 7

3

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G dð k za

hirisURtTI 8

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg hirisURtTI 8 teTA ?

[38] CnNa rEmgraraMgGkuslZm(TaMgLayedayhiri eRJH

ehtuenaH CnenaHeTIbeQ μaHza GñkraraMgGkuslZm(edayhiri . bT

za ekaci elaks μ w v iC¢ti enH eTvtaTUlsYrza buK<lNa> EbbenH

enAmanß . bTza eya ninÞ M GbeBaeZti ERbza buK<lNakalnaM

esckþIr iHKn´ ‘esckþIGaRkk´’ ecj rEmgdwg .

bTza GesSa PeRTa ksamiv GZib|ayza esHGaCaenyü

ceRmIn kalsarzInaMCnø Üjecj rEmgdwg rEmgminoCnøÜjZøakéTA

kñ úgxø Ün eRJHeXIjRsemalénCnøÜjdUcCacakéhIy yägNa Pik¡ ú

NakalminoGek,asnvtæú ‘er]geCr’ ZøakéTAkñúgxøÜn eQ μaHza naMkar

ninÞaecj kalnaMecj rEmgdwg eTvtaTUlsYrza RBHxINaRsBEbb

enH RtwmEtmYyGg<manß . buËnþza buK<lEdleQ μaHza putBIkareCr

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- 1 1 7 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á h i r i s U R t T I 8

edayJküminBit rEmgminman . bTza tnuya ERbza tic GZib|ay

za eQ μaHza RBHxINaRsBTaMgLay raraMgGkuslZm(TaMgLayeday

hiriRtacéTA mantic . bTza sTa sta :ndl´ GñkRbkbeday

esckþIbribUN(énstiGs´kalCanic© . bTza GnþM Tuk¡sS bb|úyü

:ndl´ seRmcRBHniBVan CaZm(EdlCaTIbMputénvdþTuk¡ . Jküd*

ess mann&ytamEdleJlehIyn@uHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa hirisURtTI 8

3

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G dð k za

kudikasURtTI 9

v inicä &ykñúg kudikasURtTI 9 teTA ?

[40] bTza kc©i et kudika CaedIm GZib|ayza eTvtaenaH

RbmUlbJØaTaMgenHmkcgCaKaza edayeZVImataodUcCaxÞm eRJHsMedA

ykkarenAkñúgépÞ 10 Ex eZVIPriyaodUcCasMbuk ‘sMbukstV’ eday

GMNacénesckþIGal&y dUcBYkstVbkSI Rtac´rkGaharrhUtGs´mYy

ézáehIy k*RtLb´mkenAkñúgsMbukevlaraRtI yägNa stVTaMgLay

k*dUecñaHEdr sUm|InwgeTAkñ úgTIenaH> ehIy k*rEmgmkkan´smñak´én

matuRKam eZV IbuRtTaMgLayoCatMNvgS eRJHsMedAykkarbnþvgS-

RtkUl nigRbéBNIenH eTIbTUlsYrcMeJHRBHmanRBHPaK .

[41] sUm|IRBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRTg´visC¢nabJØadléTvta

enaH eTIbRtas´Jküza tKÄ CaedIm ERbza BitehIy xÞmrbs´tzaKt

minman BitehIy sMbukrbs´tzaKtminman BitehIy tMNvgSrbs´

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- 1 1 9 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á k u d i k a s U R t T I 9

tzaKtminman BitehIy tzaKtCaGñkrYcputehIyGMBI eRK}gcg .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza tKÄ Cani:t kñúgJküedaycMENk

enaHÉg .

bTza ntæi :ndl´ lHbg´:nehIy eRJHtzaKtCabBVCit

müägeT[t eQ μaHza minman eRJHminmankarenAkñ úgépÞrbs´matakñ úg

vdþ;eT[t minmankarciJ©wmrkSaPriya minmankarekIteLIgénbuRt .

[42] eTvtaRtiHriHza bJØaEdlminebIkbgØajEdleyIgcg

dUcrMuTukehIyTUlsYr ehIysmN;enH k*visC¢nabJØaRtwmEtza Edl

eyIgsYrehIyenaHÉg RBHGg<RTg´RCabdl´GZüaRs&yrbséyIgßeT

hñ@ eTIbRtasédaHRsayehIy ßza RBHGg<RTg´minRCabJküyäg

NamYy RtaséhIyRtwmEtrt´mat´ dUecñH eTIbeJlJküza kinþahM

CaedImeT[t . bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza kinþahM EkCa kw et GhM

ERbza x\ ú MRBHGg<eJldl´RBGg<za GVI .

[43] lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRtas´R:b´dléTvta

enaH eTIbRtas´Jküza matrM CaedIm ERbza GñkeJlmataza CaxÞm

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GñkeJlPriyaza CasMbuk GñkeJlbuRtza CaeRK}gbnþvgS GñkeJl

tNØaza CaeRK}gcgdl´tzaKt .

[43] eTvtasþab´RBHtRmasénaHehIy eRtkGr elIksresIr

GnuemaTnaedayKazaza sahu et CaedIm ERbza BitehIy xÞmrbs´

RBHGg<minman BitehIy sMbukrbs´RBHGg<minman BitehIy eRK}g

bnþvgSrbs´RBHGg<minman BitehIy RBHGg<CaGñkrYcputehIyGMBI

eRK}gcg dUecñH rIkrayeRtkGrehIy bUCaRBHmanRBHPaKedayeRK}g

RkGUb nigp,aeQITaMgLay ehIyeTAkanéTvsæan dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa kudikasURt TI 9

3

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- 1 2 1 - G d æ k f a n n Þ n v K Á s m i T § i s U R t T I 1 0

G dð k za

smiTÆisURtTI 10

Kb|IRCabvinicä &y smiTÆ isURtTI 10 teTA ?

[45] bTza te:Taram KW GaramEdlmaneQ μaHdUc:nehIy

yägenH eRJHCaGnøg´TwkeRCA manTwkekþA eQ μaHza te:Ta .

:n»za BiPBrbsńaK taMgenARtgÉpndIeRkamPñ MevParbB(t

manbrimNÐlRbmaN 500 eyaCn¾ dUcCaeTvelak EdlmanEpndI

seRmcehIyedayEkvmNI nigRbkbedayóTüan EdlCaTIrIkray

kñúgTIenaH manGnøg´TwkZMsRmabĆaTIelgrbs´BYknaK . sÞwgeQ μaH

te:Ta enH CaTwkekþABuHex¢al> hUrmkGMBIGnøg´TwkZMenaH .

sYrza eRJHehtuGV I eTIbdUecñH . eqø Iyza :n»za elak

‘sMedAykOkaselak KW TIenAGaRs&y’ rbséRbtcMnYneRcIn Edl

elamB&TÆRkúgraCRKwH . kñ úgTIenaH sÞwgte:TaenH rEmgmkkñúgcenøaH

énnrk eQ μaHza mhaelahkumÖ ITaMg 2 eRJHdUecñaH sÞwgte:TaenH

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eTIbBuHex¢al> hUrmk .

smBitdUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´Tukza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay

kñúgTINa sÞwgte:TaenHhUrehIy TIenaHrEmgekItCaRtBaMgTwk man

TwkhUrsÁat CaTwkEdlKYreRtkGr CaTwkRtCak´ CaTwkBN(s CaTwk

taMgenAlÁehIy CaTIrIkray manRtI nigGeNþIkeRcIn nigmanp,abTum

RbmaNbüncRkrIks<úHs<ay müägeT[t sÞwgte:Tarbs´mhanrkTaMg

BIrenH rEmghUrmkedaymindacÉxS edayehtuenH edImsÞwgte:Ta

enH eTIbBuHex¢al> hUrehIy dUecñH . k*kñ úgTIxagmuxrbs´GaramenH

manGnøg´TwkZMekIteLIgRtg´sÞwgte:TaenaH viharenH elakeTIbehA

za teTaram eRJHGaRs&ysÞwgenaH . bTza smiTÆ i esckþIza :n

»za GtþPaBrbs´RBHezr;seRmcehIy ‘edayplkm μ’ manrUblÁ

KYrRCHzøa eRJHdUecñaH eTIbR:kdnambJ¦tþ iza smiTÆ i n@ uHÉg . Jkü

za edIm|IeRsacRsBxøÜn esckþIza RBHezr;GñkR:rBÆBüayamenaH

eRkakeLIgkñúgevlaCitPøW :nobuK<lkanýkesnasn;ecjmkxag

eRkA ehIyedIr ‘c®g,m’ eTAmk> kñúgTIc®g,mZMRbmaN 60 htæ man

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esckþIsm<al´za esnasn;EdleyIg eRbIR:sedayxøÜnEdleCaK

edayejIsnwgesAh μg eTIbcUleTAkan´sÞwgte:Ta edIm|Ilublag

xøÜn . Jküza mancIvrEtmYypÞaMg KW esø{ks|g´ cgvtæBnÆceg,HehIy

QrkanýkcIvr . Jküza rgćaMosáÜtxø Ün :ndl´ eZV IoxøÜnman

TwkecjehIydUcnwgRKamun> eRJHza cIvrEdlxøÜndNþb´kñúgevlaEdl

xøÜnenAesIm nwgesAh μg nwgmankøinsÁúy . k*RbkarEdleJlenH

minEmnCavtþkñ úgkargUteT EteRJHelakCaGñkdl´RBmehIyedayvtþ

dUecñaH elakeTIbeQ μaHza CaGñktaMgenAkñ úgvtþ KW kic©EdlKYreZV In@ uH

Ég KWza eBlelakgUteRscehIy k*eZV Ikic©EdlKYreZV I ehIyRtLb´

eLIgmkQr . kñúgesckþIenH Kb|IRCabvtþkñ úgkargUtTwk dUecñH .

cMENkPik¡ úEdlR:zñanwggUtTwk eTAkan´kMBg´TwkehIy Kb|I

dakćIvrTaMgLaykñúgTINamYyehIy Qrsin minKYrRbjabćuHeTA

edayeLIy Kb|IRkeLkemIlRKb´> TisenaHÉg kalRCabnUvPaB

CaGñksáatéhIy k*kMNt´vtæ úTaMgLay mandg<téQI Kum¬eQI nig

vløiCaedIm ehIybnÞabkaycuH RKEhmeLIg 3 dg ehIyKb|InaM

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sMBt´ótþrasg<;ecjhal ehIyRsayvtæBnÆdak´sg,tćIvrn@uHÉg ebI

sMBt´sRmab´gUtTwkminman k*cUrGg<úyRtg´mat´Twk ehIyedaHsMBt´

esø{kecj ebImanTIsRmab´Gg<úy Kb|IhalsMBtésø{k ebIminman

mUrehIyk*dak´Tuk ehIysnSwm> QancuHTwk eBlQancuHeTARbmaN

RtwmnaPi ‘p© it’ ehIy eTIbgUt edaymineZV IokUnrlkTwkekIteLIg

RKanwgRtLb´ k*Kb|ImuCcuHedayEbrmuxeq¬aHTisEdlxøÜnmk . eday

GakaryägenH cIvr eQ μaHza xøÜn:nrkSaehIy . sUm|IkalnwgegIb

eLIg k*mineZV IoekItsMeLg egIbeLIgsnSwm> kñúgevlaQb´kargUt

Kb|IGg<úyRtg´mat´Twk ehIyyksMBt´mkbiT:MgxøÜn kaleRkakeLIg

Qr eTIbesø{koer[bryCabrimNÐleRscehIy cgvtæBnÆceg,H

minRbjab´dNþbćIvr Kb|IQr dUecñH .

sUm|IRBHezr;k*gUt dUecñaH kaleRscehIy k*RtLbéLIgmk

QrRkeLkemIlkayEdlmanTwkminTan´sáÜt . sUm|IedayRbRktI

kayrbs´RBHezr;k*zøapUrpg´ kalbegÁankaynaMmkedayRbéB KW gUt

TwkekþAG)un> BN(énmuxeTIbrugeracn¾elIsGVIeRb{b CaGñksm|ÚrN¾eday

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rs μ I dUcEpøetñatTMuEdlrbUtGMBITg eRb{bbIdUcRBHcnÞeBjvg´ kñúgxN;

enaH muxrbsélakk*RbRBwtþeTAedaysirI dUcp,abTumkMBugrIk sUm|I

BN(sm|úrénsrIr;k*zøapUrpg´ .

[46] sm&yenaH PUm μeTvtaEdlsæitenARtg´éRBRkas´RkeLk

emIlRBHsmiTÆiEdlKYrRCHzøa minGacRKbsg,tćitþTuk:n CaGñkbegÁan

eTAkñúgkam RtÚvesckþIelaPRKbsg,téhIy Kitza eyIgnwglYgelam

RBHezr; eTIbRbdab´GtþPaBedayeRK}gRbdab´d*OLar ehIyeZVIGaram

TaMgGsóPøWTUeTA ‘oPøWr uger]gedaycMENkEtmYy’ hak´bIdUcRbTIb

eKamePøIgTaMgJn´ dUcykRBHcnÞmktaMgTuk eRscehIy k*cUleTArk

RBHezr; min:nsMBH Qrkñúgevhas¾ ‘GENþtenAkñúgGakas’ ehIy

eJlKaza . KazaenaH EdlRBHGannÞetærnaMmkeJlehIyza Gz

exa GBa¦tra eTvta .eb. GCÄPasi ERbza RKaenaHÉg kalraRtI

bfmyamknøgeTAehIy ‘CitPøW’ eTvtamYyGg<manvNÑ;lÁCaedIm .

Jküza minbriePaKehIy KW minbriePaKkamKuN 5 .

Jküza karsUm :ndl´ karRtacéTAbiNÐ:t . evlaEdl

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enACakemøaHenaHÉg smKYresBkamKuN 5 . eQ μaHza kal kñúg

esckþIza kalkuMknøghYselakeTAeLIy enH . eRJHza buK<ldl´

RKaMRKaeRJHCra mankayenaHRsútcuHehIy maneQIRct´kanéTAxag

mux jjIjj&r CaGñkEdleraKkÁkman´ nigeraKhWtRKbsg,téhIy

minGacbriePaKkam:n eRJHehtuenaH eTvtasMedAykkaldUecñH

eTIbeJlJküza ma tM kaela óbcäKa ERbza kalkuMknøgelak

eTAeLIy dUecñH .

[47] bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza ma óbcäKa ERbza ku MQan

knøgeLIy . s&BÞza eva kñ úgbTza kalM evahM n Canami enH Ca

ni:t . Jküza Gat μaminTan´dwgkal elakeJlsMedAykmrN-

kal . GZib|ayza Zm( 5 TaMgenH KW CIvit BüaZi kal; TIEdl

ecalragkay ßEdlsøab´ ‘eThniek¡bn;’ nig Kti ‘EdlekIt

epSg> man 5’1 rbs´stVTaMgLay minmannimitþ GñkNa> minKb|I

dwgkñ úgelakénstVEdlRbRBwtþeTA .

1- Kti 5 KW niryKti ebtKti tircäanKti mnusSKti nigeTvtaKti .

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kñ úgbNþaZm(TaMg 5 enaH CIvit eQ μaHza minmannimitþ eRJH

kMNt´min:nza CIvitenH mancMnYnbüeNÑH minelIsGMBIenHeTA dUecñH

BitehIy sUm|IkñúgkalEdlepþImdMbUg KW Ca rUbkll; stVTaMgLay

k*rEmgsøab´ kñúgevlaEdlCa Gm¬úT; ‘KWrUbEdlekItmk:n 2 GaTitü’

Ca ebsi ‘KWrUbEdlCaduMtUc’ Ca Xn; ‘KWrUbEdlCaduMRkas´’ rUb

EdlekItmk:n 1 Ex 2 Ex 3 Ex 4 Ex 10 ExkþI kñ úgcenøaHEdl

RbsUticakKP(kþ I GMBIenHeTAxagkñúgmYyryqñaMkþ I eRcInCagmYyryqñaM

kþ I rEmgsøabń@ uHÉg .

sUm|I BüaZi k*eQ μaHza minmannimitþ eRJHminmankarkMNt´

za stVTaMgLayrEmgsøabédayBüaZienHbüeNÑaH minsøabédayBüaZi

déT> dUecñH eRJHza stVTaMgLayrEmgsøabédayeraKEPñkk*man

edayeraKdéT> maneraKRtec[kCaedImk*man .

sUm|I kal k*eQ μaHza minmannimitþ eRJHminmankMNtýäg

enHza kñúgkalenHbüeNÑaHstVKb|Isøab´ kñúgkaldéT> stVminsøab´

eRJHza stVTaMgLayrEmgsøab´kñ úgevlaRBwkk*man kñúgevladéT>

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KW evlaézáRtgĆaedImk*man .

sUm|ITIkEnøgEdlRtÚvlHbgécalragkay k*eQ μaHza minman

nimitþ eRJHminmankarkMNt´:nyägenHza ragkayrbs´stVEdl

nwgsøabénH Kb|Isøab´kñ úgTIenHb¨ ueNÑaH TIdéT> minsøab´ BitNas´

kalstVTaMgLayekItxagkñ úgRsúk GtþPaBrbs´stVTaMgenaH rEmg

dakéTAxageRkARsúkk*:n stVEdlekItsUm|IxageRkARsúk GtþPaB

rEmgdakéTAxagkñúgRsúkk*:n stVEdlekItelIeKak elIzñlĆaedIm

k*dUcKña bNÐitKb|IoBisþaredayRbkarminEmntic .

sUm|I Kti k*eQ μaHza minmannimitþ eRJHminmankarkMNt´

:n yägenHza stVcutiGMBITIenHehIy Kb|IekIteLIgkñúgTIenH dUecñH

eRJHza stVTaMgLay cutiGMBIeTvelakehIy ekIteLIgkñ úgmnusSk*

man cutiGMBImnusSelakehIy ekItkñúgTINamYyénelakTaMgLay

maneTvelakCaedImk*man stVelakmanKti 5 rEmgpøas´bþÚreTA dUc

eKaynþ ‘eKaEdlRbkbedayeRK}gynþ’ yägenH edayRbkardUecñH

eRJHkarpøaséTAénKtienaHÉg edayehtuenH RBHezr;eTIbeJlnwg

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eTvtaza Gat μamindwgkal; KW mindwgesckþIsøabénHza karsøabńwg

mankñúgkaleQ μaHenH dUecñH . Jküza kal;enAkM:Mgmin:nR:kd

:ndl´ kal;enHbiT:MgehIy minCakć|as´ nigminR:kddl´Gat μa .

Jküza eRJHehtuenaH GZib|ayza kal;EdlbiT:MgenH

rEmgminR:kd ehtuNa eRJHehtuenaH Gat μaeTIbminbriePaKkam

KuN 5 ehIyeTIbsUm . kñúgJküza kalkuMknøghYsGat μaeLIy enH

RBHezr;eJlza kal dUecñH edaysMedAykkaleZVIsmNZm( .

BitehIy Zm μtaza smNZm(enH EdlbuK<lQanknøgv&y

TaMg 3 kñúgv&ycugeRkay CaGñkmankayEdlRTúDeRTamehIy man

eQIRctĆaTITuleTAkñúgxagmux jjIjj&r EdleraKkÁkman´ nigeraK

hWtRKbsg,téhIy minGaceZVIkar ‘bdibtþi:n’ eRBaHza kñúgkalenaH

buK<lEbbenaH minGacer[nBuTÆvcn;tamEdlR:zña tamEdlRtÚvkar

ßza minGacedIm|IrkSanUvZutg<; ßza minGacnwgenAéRB ßza minGac

cUlsmabtþi:ntamEdlR:zña ßza minGaceZVIZm μkza nigGnuemaTna

edaysrP&Ba¦viZICaedIm . cMENkkñúgkalEdlenACakemøaH sUm|IGac

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eZVIkic©TaMgBYg eRJHdUecñaH RBHezr;eTIbeJlza kalEdleZVIsmN-

Zm(enH kuMQanknøghYsGat μaeTAeLIy KWza Gat μanwgminbriePaKkam

TaMgLay nwgeZVIsmNZm( drabes μ IkalminTan´QanknøghYsGat μa

eTA .

[48] Jküza mkQrRtgÉpndI esckþIza :n»za eTvtaenaH

Kitza Pik¡ úenH rEmgeJleQ μaHénkaleZVIsmNZm( mineJlnUv

Gkal rEmgeJlZm(EdlRbRBwtþeTARBmedayehtu RbRBwtþeTARBm

edayGanisgS dUecñH edayJküRtwmEtbüeNÑH eTIbekItesckþIx μas

kñúgRBHezr; sm<al´RBHezr;enaHdUcmhaRBh μ dUcKMnrePø Ig CaGñk

Tn´PønékIteLIg eTIbcuHGMBIGakasmkQrRtgÉpndI . Jküza Qr

RtgÉpndI enaH elakeJlsMedAykJküEdleJlehIyenH .

k*eTvtaenaH mkQrRtgÉpndIehIysUm|Ik*Bit dlýägenaH

elakmkehIyedayesckþIRtÚvkaryägNa k*kanýkRbeyaCn¾yäg

enaHÉgeT[t eTIbeJlJküza Thera tV M CaedIm . bNþaJküTaMg

enaH Jküza enAkemøaH KW manGayuenAtic . Jküza manskéx μA

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:ndl´ CakemøaHmanskéx μARsil . Jküza ceRmIn KW Rss´lÁ .

BitehIy buK<lxøH sUm|ICakemøaHmanEPñkxVak´m¡ag ßza kñ úg

mnusSBikarTaMgLay manGñkTal´RkCaedImTaMgenaH . buK<lNamYy

sUm|IenACakemøaH k*minRbkbeTAedayPaBCakemøaHEdlRss´sÁat .

cMENkbuK<lNamanrUbsÁat KYrrmilemIl KYrRCHzøa dl´RBmeday

sm|tþiTaMgBYg R:zñanwgeRbIeRK}gRbdabŃa> rEmgRbdabédayeRK}g

Glg,arenaH> RtacéTAdUceTvbuRt buK<ldUecñH rEmgeQ μaHza Gñk

RbkbedayPaBCakemøaHEdlRss´sÁat . k*RBHezr;dl´RBmehIy

edayrUbsm|tþiEdlótþm edayehtuenaH eTvtaeTIbeJlcMeBaHelak

yägenH .

Jküza CaGñkminrIkraykñúgkamTaMgLayeLIy :ndl´ kar

minePøItePøIn minbriePaKkamTaMgLay KW minmanesckþIR:zña . Jkü

za ma snÞidð ikM hitVa ‘ku MlHbg´snÞidð ikkameLIy’ GZib|ayza k*

eTvtaedayeRcInmineXIjsc©; enAmanraK; mindwgcitþrbs´GñkdéT

eXIjPik¡úTaMgLay RbRBwtþRBh μcriyd*brisuTÆiCab´mindac´rhUtGs´ 10

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qña MxøH 20 qñaMxøH .l. 60 qñaMxøH eTIbmanesckþIsm<al´za Pik¡úTaMg

enHlHbg´kamKuN 5 EdlCarbs´mnusS R:zñakamTaMgLayEdlCa

TiBV eTIbeZV IsmNZm( dUecñH sUm|IeTvtaenH k*KitdUcyägenaHÉg

eRJHdUecñaH elakeTIbeJldl´kamTaMgLay EdlCarbs´mnusS

eZVICasnÞidðikkam nigeJlkamEdlCaTiBV eZVIokalikkam . RBHezr;

eJlJküza n xVahM Gavuesa CaedIm esckþIza Gñkd*manGayu Gat μa

lHbg´snÞidð ikkamehIy minsÞúHeTArkkamEdlCaTiBV EdlCakali-

kkameLIy eyIgminR:zñakñ úgkamTiBVEdlRbRBwtþeTAtamevlaEdl

kMNtéLIy sÞúHeTArkelakutþrZm(EdlsnÞidð ikZm( . RBHezr;:neZVI

kamTaMg 5 sUm|ICarbs´TiBV sUm|ICarbs´mnusS oevlaEdlRbRBwtþ

eTAtamkMNt´ eRJHkamTaMgenaH EdlbuK<lminKb|I:nkñúglMdab´én

citþ nigeZVIelakutþrZm(oCaZm(EdlCasnÞidð ik; eRJHelakutþrZm(enaH

CaZm(EdlbuK<lKb|I:nkñúglMdab´éncitþ edayRbkardUecñH .

k*kamKuN 5 RbCuMKñaehIy karesayGarm μN¾tamEdlR:zña

tamEdlRtÚvkarrbs´kam buK<lsUm|ImankamEdldl´RBmehIy k*

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minseRmc ‘min:n’ kñúglMdab´éncitþ ‘Gnnþrcitþ’ . BitNas´ Edl

buK<lR:zñanwgesay«dðarm μN¾pøÚvck¡úTVar ‘pøÚvEPñk’ eTIbehACagTaMg

Lay manCagsresr CageZVIsMbuRt nigCagrUbCaedImmk Kb|IeJl

za BYkelakcUrtakÉtgvtæúeQ μaHenH dUecñH citþTaMgLaykñúgTIenH man

RbmaNJnékadiminEmntic ekIteLIgehIyk*rltéTA edayesckþI

epSgKña kñúglMdabénaHcitþeTIbseRmcdl´Garm μN¾enaH ‘KW«dðarm μN¾’

kñúgxageRkay sUm|Ikñ úgTVard*ess k*n&yenHÉg .

cMENkesatabtþ ipl rEmgekIteLIgkñúgcenøaH ‘lMdab´’ én

esatabtþimK<b¨ ueNÑaH var;rbsćitþdéTkñúgcenøaHenaHminman . sUm|I

kñ úgpl 3 d*essk*dUcKña . RBHezr;kanýkGtæTaMgenaHÉg ehIy

eJlza kalika hi Gavuesa CaedIm .

kñúgbNþabTTaMgenaH bTza kalika :ndl´ vtæ úEdleKdl´

RBmedayRbeyaCn¾d*lÁ minKb|IseRmc:n sUm|Ikñ úgcenøaHénkal

edayn&yEdleJlehIy . Jküza BhuTuk¡a ‘manTuk¡eRcIn’ :n

dl´ eQ μaHza manTuk¡eRcIn eRJHesckþITuk¡enaH EdlxøÜnGaRs&ykam

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TaMgLayRbRBwtþeTAmaneRcIn . eQ μaHza BhU:yasa ‘manesckþI

cegÁ{tcgÁléRcIn’ eRJHesckþIcegÁ{tcgÁlÉdlRbRBwtþeTARBmnwg

vtæ úénkamenaHÉgmaneRcIn . Jküza yägéRkElg kñúgbTza kñ úg

kamTaMgLay maneTasyägéRkElg esckþIza eTasbüeNÑaH eQ μaH

za yägéRkElg eRJHesckþIsuxEdlxøÜnGaRs&ykamTaMg 5 ehIy

eTIb:n GZib|ayza Tuk¡b¨ ueNÑaHmaneRcInCag . bTza snÞidð ieka

GyM Zem μa GZib|ayza elakutþrZm(enH EdlbuK<lNa> cUldl´

ehIy buK<lenaH> Kb|IeXIjxøÜnÉgedaybc©evk¡NJ¦aN Edlkan´

ykelakutþrZm(enaH EdlxøÜnGaRs&ybuK<ldéTehIyKb|Idl´ eRJH

ehtuenaH elakutþrZm(enaH eTIbeQ μaHza snÞidðieka ERbza EdlbuK<l

Kb|IeXIjedayxøÜnÉg . Zm(EdleQ μaHza Gkal eRJHGtæza kal

rbs´Zm(enaH Cab´tnwgkaroplrbs´xøÜnminman . Zm(EdlCa Gkal

n@uHÉg eQ μaHza Gkalieka ERbza minrgcaMkal . GZib|ayza

kñúgelakutþrZm(enH Zm( KW GriymK<enaH rEmgoplCitCaTIbMput

kñ úgkarRbRBwtþeTArbs´xø Ün .

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Jküza KYrehAGñkdéTza elakcUrmkemIlcuH GZib|ayza

Zm(EdleQ μaHza Éhi bsSieka eRJHGtæza KYrdl´ÉhibsSviZI Edl

RbRBwtþeTAehIyyägenH dUecñH . Zm(EdleQ μaHza Obnyieka

eRJHGtæza KYrbegÁancUlmkkñúgcitþrbs´xøÜn sUm|InwgRtÚvePøIgeqHsMBt´

ßsIs; k*minERbRbÜl .

kñúgbTza bc©tþ M evTiteBVa viBa¦ Úhi enH manesckþIseg¡bza

EdlviJ¦ÚCnTaMgBYg manóK¹ditBa¦ÚbuK<lCaedIm Kb|Idwg:nkñúgxøÜnza

mK<EdleyIgceRmInehIy plEdleyIgseRmcehIy nieraZEdl

eyIgeZV Ioc|aséhIy dUecñH cMENkesckþIBisþar x\ ú MeJlTukehIy

kñúgbkrN¾viesseQ μaHvisuTÆ imK< eBlBN(naZm μanusti .

[50] «LÚvenH eTvtaenaH hak´bIdUcCabuK<lxVak´ minRCabnUv

GtæEdlmanrUb ‘ehtu’ EbøkKñaénJküEdlRBHezr;eJlehIy eTIb

eJlJküza kzBa© Pik¡ ú CaedIm ERbza En@!Pik¡ ú cuHkalikkamTaMg

Lay RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´Rtas´za manTuk¡eRcInÇÇÇ etIdUcemþc .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza kzBa© esckþIza eTvtaeJlza En@!

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Pik¡ ú kalikkamTaMgLay EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´Rtas´ etIdUcemþc

kamTaMgLay RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za manTuk¡eRcIn etIdUcemþc kam

TaMgLay RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za manesckþIcegÁ{tcgÁléRcIn etI

dUcemþc bNÐitKb|IRCabesckþIEdlCab´Tak´TgedaybTTaMgBYgyäg

enH edayRbkardUecñH .

[51] Jküza neva ‘bYsz μ I’ :ndl´ Pik¡ úEdlmanvsSamin

eBj 5 eQ μaHza nv taMgBIvsSa 5 eTA eQ μaHza mCÄim; taMgBI

vsSa 10 eTA eQ μaHza ezr; . n&ymYyeT[t GñkmanvsSa 10

minTan´bribUrN¾ eQ μaHza nv taMgBIvsSa 10 eTAeQ μaHza mCÄim;

taMgBIvsSa 20 eTA eQ μaHza ezr; . kñúgTIenaH RBHezr;eJlza

eyIgCaGñkbYsz μ I dUecñH . sUm|IbuK<lxøH bYskñúgevlaEdlxøÜnman

Gayu 7 qñaM kalQanknøg 10 vsSa k*enACasameNrn@uHÉg buK<l

enH k*eQ μaHza z μ I bYsminyUr kñ úgTIenaH RBHezr;eJlza k*eyIg

CaGñkbYsminyUr dUecñH .

Jküza Zm μvin&yenH esckþIza Zm( nigvin&ysUm|ITaMg 2 enH

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CaeQ μaHénsasnabüeNÑaH . BitehIy eJledayZm( kñ úgesckþI

enH elakeJlza Ca 2 bidk ‘sutnþ; nigGPiZm μ’ eJlBIvin&y

elakeJlza Cavin&ybidk edayehtuenH RBHezr;eTIbeJlza eyIg

eTIbEtCaGñkmkkan´karbdibtþi EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRbkasehIy eday

bidkTaMgbI dUecñH . Jküza manskþiZM esckþIza manbrivareRcIn .

eRJHza eTvraCmYyGg<> manbrivarryekadik*man Jnékadik*man .

ehtuenaH eTvtaenaH eTIbR:b´za eTvtaTaMgenaHtaMgenAkñ úgTIEdlZM

rEmgsresIrRBHtzaKtkñúgTIenaH BYkeTvtaGñkmanskþitUcdUcCax\ ú M

EdlekItkñ úgRsúkmata nwgmanOkasGMBINa .

Jküza Éx\ú MRBHkruNak*mkedIm|Isþab´Zm(Edr esckþIza eTvta

RCabehIyza sUm|IebIeTvtaEdlCabris&TGg<úyehIy rEmgjúaMg

cRkvaLenHoeBj eZVIdUcemþc eyIgKb|I:nedIm|IeTAkan´smñak´én

RBHBuTÆ edayBuTÆvizId*ZM dUecñH .

[52] eTvtaeJlnwgRBHsmiTÆ iza bucä Pik¡ ú bucä Pik¡ ú ERbza

TUlsYrcuHPik¡ ú TUlsYrcuHPik¡ ú enHCaJküniyaydEdl edIm|IeZVIomut

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maM .

[53] kñúgJküza Gek¡yüsBa¦ iena stþa ‘BYkstVEdlman

esckþIsm<al´kñúgbBa©k¡nÆ’ enH esckþIza xnÆ 5 RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´

ehAza vtæ úsRmab´R:b´ eRJHxnÆ 5 enaH Cavtæ úénkarR:b´TaMgBYg

énkzaTaMgBYg edaykarR:b´ edayn&yCaedImza GñkenaHCaeTvta

CamnusS CaRKhsæ CabBVCit CastV CabuK<leQ μaHtisS; eQ μaH

busS;CaedIm . müägeT[t manesckþIsm<alócaM:nyägenHza

enaHCastV Canr; CastVciJ©wm CabuK<l CaRsI CaRbús dUecñH man

ehIydl´xnÆTaMgenaH eRJHehtuenaH xnÆTaMgenaH eTIbeQ μaHza man

esckþIsm<al´ . esckþIsm<al´pg vtæ úsRmab´R:b´pg eQ μaHza

esckþIsm<al´kñúgvtæúsRmab´R:b´ . GZib|ayza manesckþIsm<al´

kñ úgxnÆ 5 zaCastV CabuK<lCaedIm .

Jküza Gek¡yüs μ w btidð ita ‘Rbkan´sÁitkñúgbBa©k¡nÆ’ :ndl´

karRbkan´maMkñ úgxnÆ 5 edayGakar 8 yäg . BitNas´ buK<l

EdlraK;RbLakéhIy rEmgCabĆMBak´ ‘Rbkan´maM’ edayGMNacén

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raK; buK<lEdleTas;RbTUsraÿehIy rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNac

éneTas; buK<lvegVgehIy rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNacénemah; .

buK<lRbkan´xus rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNacénTidð i . buK<lEdl

mankielsd*mankmøaMg rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNacénGnus&y .

buK<lEdlmaneRK}gcgTuk rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNacénmanH .

buK<lmineBjcitþ rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNacénvicikicäa . buK<l

mancitþrevIrvayehIy rEmgCabĆMBakédayGMNacénóTÆc©; dUecñH .

Jküza Gek¡yümbriBa¦ay ‘minkMNt´dwgnUvbBa©k¡nÆ’ KW min

kMNt´dwgxnÆ 5 edaybriJ¦a 3 .

Jküza eyaKmaynþi mc©úena ‘rEmgluHkñ úgGMNacénesckþI

søab´’ GZib|ayza stVTaMgLay rEmgmkkan´kielsCaeRK}gRbkb

k*mankarrsatéTA karcUleTAkan´lMenAénmc©ú KW mkkan´GMNacén

mc©ú . RBHmanRBHPaK Rtas´kamTaMgLayEdlCab´Tak´Tgeday

kay edayKazaenH edayRbkardUecñH .

Jküza kMNt´dwg :ndl´ karkMNt´dwgedaybriJ¦aTaMg 3

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enH KW jatb|riJ¦a tIrNb|riJ¦a bhanb|riJ¦a .

kñ úgbNþabriJ¦aTaMgenaH jatb|riJ¦a etIdUcemþc/

buK<lrEmgkMNt´dwgxnÆ 5 za enHrUbk¡nÆ .l. enHviJ¦aN-

k¡nÆ Zm(TaMgenH manlk¡N; rs bc©úb|dðan nigbTdðanCaedIm én

xnÆTaMgenaH enHeQ μaHza jatb|riJ¦a .

tIrNb|riJ¦a etIdUcemþc/

buK<lrEmgBicarNaxnÆ 5 eZV IoCavtæ úEdlxøÜndwgehIyyäg

enH edayGakar 42 edayPaBmineT[g CaTuk¡ CaeraK enHeQ μaHza

tIrNb|riJ¦a .

bhanb|riJ¦a etIdUcemþc/

buK<lRKaBicarNayägenHehIy rEmglHkamcänÞ;kñ úgxnÆ 5

edaymK<d*RbesIr enHeQ μaHza bhanb|riJ¦a .

Jküza Gk¡atarM n mBa¦ti GZib|ayza xINasvPik¡ ú kMNt´

dwgxnÆ 5 edaybriJ¦a 3 yägenHehIy rEmgminsm<al´dl´buK<l

EdlR:b´ .

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Jküza Gk¡atarM ‘esckþIEdlR:b´’ :ndl´ RBHxINasv;

Kb|Idwgdl´GñkeZVIedayGMNacénkm μ GZib|ayza RBHxINaRsB rEmg

minsm<al´ KW mineXIjesckþIEdlR:b´ esckþIEdleKeJlehIyza

CabuK<l dUecñH . sYrza esckþIEdlR:b´ dUcemþc/ . eqø Iyza

buK<lenHeQ μaH tisS; ßbusS; EdlbuK<lRbkasedayeQ μaH ß

edayeKaRt yägNamYy .

Jküza tBaØ i ts μa n ehati ‘eRJHesckþIenaH minmandl´

buK<lenaHeLIy’ :ndl´ esckþIEdlR:b´za buK<lenHeQ μaH tisS;

ßbusS;enaH rEmgminmandl´RBHxINaRsBenaH .

Jküza eyn nM vC¢a n tsS Gtæi ‘ehtuenaH CnNamYy

Kb|ItiHed[lbuK<lnaH edayehtuNa ehtuenaHminmandl´buK<lenaH

eLIy’ GZib|ayza GñkNa> Kb|IeJldlésckþIEdlR:b´ ‘xnÆ 5’

enaHza buK<lenH manteRmkehIyedayraK;Na ßbuK<lenH RtÚv

RbTUsraÿehIyedayeTas;Na ßza buK<lenH vegVgehIyeday

emah;Na dUecñH ehtuTaMgGsénaHÉg rEmgminmandl´RBHxINaRsB

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enaH .

[54] bTza eya mBa¦ti ERbza buK<lNa rEmgsm<al´

GZib|ayza buK<lNa rEmgsm<al´xøÜnza eyIgCaGñkes μ IeK ßRbesIr

CageK ßza ezakTabCageK . edayJküenH RTg´kanýkmanH 3

EdlmanJküza eyIgRbesIrCageKCaedIm . kalmanHTaMg 3 enaH

EdlRBHGg<RTg´kanýkehIy k*rEmgeQ μaHza RTg´kanýkmanH 9

Ég .

Jküza es viveTz etn KWza buK<lenaHKb|Iniyayeday

manHenaHÉgnwgbuK<lNamYyyägenHza elakes μ IeyIg edayehtuGVI

rEmges μ IeyIgedayCatiß ßeJlGMBIeKaRt ßcMENkxøHénRtkUl ß

za edayPaBCaGñkmanBN(sm|úrzøapUrpg´ ßedayCaBhusSÚt ß

edayZutg<KuN dUecñH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´kamTaMgLay Edlman

karRbRBwtþeTAedayevlabnþicbnþÜc edaymYyKazaknøHsUm|IenH eday

RbkardUecñH . bTza tIsu viZasu :ndl´ manH 3 . BitNas´

RBHmanRBHPaKRtasékadðas;za CaviZ; dUckñ úgbTza ÉkvieZn rUb-

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sg<eha CaedIm ERbza se®g<aHrUbTukedaycMENkmYy . RtaséhA

Gakar ‘lk¡N;’ za CaviZ; dUckñ úgbTza kzMviZM sIlvnþM vTnþ i

kzMviZM bBa¦vnþ M vTnþ i CaedIm ERbza rEmgeJlGakardUcemþcza Ca

GñkmansIl rEmgeJlGakardUcemþcza CaGñkmanbJ¦aCaedIm .

kñúgRBH:lIenHza tiesSa «ma Pik¡ev viZaktma tiesSa eseyüa-

hms μ Iti viZa hIenahms μ Iti viZa ERbza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay manHTaMg

3 enH etIdUcemþc manHTaMg 3 enH KW manHza eyIgRbesIrCageK

eyIges μ IeK eyIgezakTabCageK dUecñH RbkarenHRtas´manHza CaviZ; .

sUm|Ikñ úgbkrN¾enH k*Rtas´manHn@ uHÉg edayJküza viZ; eday

ehtuenaH eTIbRtas´za tIsu viZasu :ndl´ manH 3 dUecñH .

Jküza Gvikm|maena ‘Gñkminjab´j&r’ GZib|ayza buK<l

NarEmgminjab´j&r mineTareTAkñúgmanH 3 edayseg¡b ßkñúgmanH

9 edayBisþar . Jküza sema viestIti n tsS ehati esckþI

Rbkan´za eyIges μ IeK RbesIrCageK ezakTabCageKenH RBHman-

RBHPaKRTg´sEmþgmanHTaMg 3 enHza minmandl´RBHxINaRsB eRBaH

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:nlHbg´manHehIy . bTcugeRkayénRBHKazaenH mann&ytam

Edlx\ú MeJlTukehIy . edayknøHKazaenH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´

elakutþrZm( 9 yäg EdlbuK<lKb|IeXIj:nedayxøÜnÉg eday

RbkardUecñH .

[55] bTza bhasi sg¡M1 ERbza Pik¡ úxINaRsB lHbg´

bJ¦tþ iecjehIy GZib|ayza bJ¦a eQ μaHza sg¡a Edlmanmkkñúg

:lIza bdisg¡a eyaniesa CaedIm ERbza BicarNaedayó:yd*

RbéB . sg¡a manGtæes μ InwgkarKNna ‘rabćMnYn’ ßkarrab´ dUckñ úg

RBH:lIza Gtæi bn ekaci KNeka va yuTÆ ieka va sg¡ayieka va

eya behati Kg<ay valikM KeNtuM ERbza k*GñkNa> Caehara

k*eday CaGñksuxumk*eday CaGñkrab´k*eday GacnwgrabćMnYnRKab´

xSac´kñ úgTenøKg<a dUecñH . sg¡a manGtæes μ In wgekadðas; KW cMENk

ßPaK dUckñúgbTza sBa¦aniTana hi bbBa©sg¡a CaedIm ERbza Bit

ehIy Zm(EdlCacMENkénesckþIyWtyUr CaehtuénsJ¦a . müäg

1- kñ úg:lIza bhasi kg¡ M

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eT[t bJ¦tþ imkkñúgJküza sg¡a dUcbTza ya etsM Zm μanM sg¡a

smBa¦a enH ERbza bJ¦tþ i KW eQ μaHénZm(TaMgenaH . sUm|Ikñ úgTIenH

elakk*R:zñaykbJ¦tþ ib¨ ueNÑaH .

BitehIy esckþIénbTza bhasi sg¡M enH GZib|ayza

RBHxINaRsBlHbgéhIy lHbgécalehIy lHRsLHehIy nUv

bJ¦tþienHza buK<lEdlraK;RbLakéhIy GñkEdleTas;RbTUsraÿ

ehIy buK<lvegVgehIy . bTza n vimanmaKa ERbza seRmcZm(

EdlR:scakmanHehIy KW mincUldl´manH 3 yäg Edlman 9

RbePT .

müägeT[t épÞénmata TanehAza viman; eRJHGtæza CaTI

GaRs&y RBHxINaRsB rEmgmincUleTAkan´TIGaRs&y ‘KWépÞénmata’

enaHteTAeT[t edayGMNacénbdisnÆi . bTza vimanmaKa enH Ca

JküeJldl´GtIt EteRbIkñ úgGtæn&yénGnaKt . bTza GecäC¢ i

ERbza katéhIy . bTza qinñKnæ M ERbza katéRK}gcg 4 ‘Knæ; 4’

ehIy . bTza GniXM ERbza mincegÁ{tcgÁlćitþ KW minmanTuk¡ .

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bTza nivasM ERbza minmanesckþIR:zñaedaytNØa . bTza bri-

eysmana ERbza karEsVgrk KW RtÜtemIl . bTza naCÄKmuM ERb

za minCYbRbTH KW mindl´ minRbsBV mineXIj . esckþIenH man

GtæénGtIt EtmanesckþIsMedAdl´bc©úb|nñ . bTza «Z va hurM va

ERbza kñ úgelakenH ßkñúgelakmux . bTza sBVnievsensu ERbza

kñ úgsæanTIGaRs&yrbs´stVTaMgBYg :ndl´ kñ úgPB 3 kMeNIt 4

Kti 5 viJ¦aNdðiti 7 stþavas 9 GZib|ayza rEmgmineXIj

RBHxINaRsB KW GñkmaneRK}gcgEdlkatécjehIy EdlkMBugekIt

ßekIteLIgehIy eRJHkarEbkZøayénkay TmøayxnÆkñ úgTIGaRs&y

rbs´stV sUm|ITaMgBYgenH edayRbkardUecñH . edayRBHKazaenH

RBHmanRBHPaKRtasélakutþrZm( EdlbuK<lKb|IeXIj:nn@uHÉg .

[56] eTvtaenaH luHsþab´RBHKazaenHehIy eTIbkMNtésckþI

:n edayehtuenaHÉg eTIbRkabTUlza «msS xVahM Penþ CaedIm

ERbza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaKd*ceRmIn x\ú MRBHGg<RCabesckþIénZm(Edl

RBHmanRBHPaKRtasédayseg¡boBisþar yägenH . bTza :bM

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n kyira ERbza minKYreZV I:benaH smKYrdlńwgeJl sUm|Ieday

GMNacénkuslkm μbz 10 sUm|IedayGMNacénmK<RbkbedayGg<

8 . eJlGMBIkuslkm μbz 10 mun KW kñ úgbNþabTTaMgenaH bTza

vcsa ERbza edayvaca :ndl´ vcIsucrit 4 yäg . bTza mnsa

ERbza edaycitþ :ndl´ menasucrit 3 yäg . bTza kaeyn va

kiBa©nM sBVelaek ERbza edaykayNa> kñúgelakTaMgBYg :ndl´

kaysucrit 3 yäg . kuslkm μbz 10 TaMgenH rEmgmanmun

edayRbkardUecñH .

eJledaymK<RbkbedayGg< 8 k*edaybTza kaem bhay

ERbza lHkamTaMgLayecjehIy :ndl´ hamkamsuxløikanu-

eyaK . edaybTza stima sm|Caena ‘mansti mansm|CJ¦;’

enH :ndl´ kanýksti nigsm|CJ¦; CaGñkeZVIkuslkm μbz 10 .

edaybTza Tuk¡M n esevz GntæsBaØitM ERbza minKYresBesckþITuk¡

EdlRbkbedayeTasenH :ndl´ bdiesZGtþkilmzanueyaK .

eTvtaev[rpøÚvTIbMputTaMg 2 enH:nehIy eTIbRkabTUlza bBiRtRBH-

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manRBHPaK x\ú MRBHGg<RCabkuslkm μbz 10 nwgedaystism|CJ¦;

EdlCaGñkeZVIEdlRBHGg<RtaséhIy edayGakaryägenH k*n&yenH

Ég eJledayGMNacénmK<RbkbedayGg< 8 . :n»za RBHZm(-

eTsnamanRbeyaCn¾ZM:nmanehIykñúgTIenaHÉg .

kñúgevlacbéTsna eTvtaenaHkMBugQryägNan@uHÉg bJ¢Ún

jaNeTAtamRkEséneTsna eXIjmK<EdlRbkbedayGg< 8 Edl

xøÜnseRmcehIy eRJHesckþItaMgmaMkñ úgesatabtþipl eTIbRkabTUl

esckþIenaHdl´RBHmanRBHPaK bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza vcsa :n

dl´ sm μavaca . Etmena minEmnCaGg<mK< eRJHdUecñaH citþEdl

sm|yutþedaymK< eTIb:ndl´ menasucrit 3 .

bTza kaeyn va kiBa©nM :ndl´ sm μakm μnþ; . cMENk

sm μaGaCIv; elakkanýksm μavaca nigsm μakm μnþ;rYmKñan@uHÉg . eday

bTza stima :ndl´ sm μavayam; sm μasti nigsm μasmaZi .

edaybTza sm|Caena :ndl´ sm μaTidð i nigsm μasg,b|; . kar

ev[rcaknUvTIbMputTaMg 2 elakkanýkedaybTTaMg 2 KW kaem bhay

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nig Tuk¡ M n esevz dUecñH . eTvtaenaH kalRkabTUlza bBiRt

RBHmanRBHPaK x\ ú MRBHGg<rEmgRCabmCÄimabdibTa EdlminGaRs&y

nUvTIbMputTaMg 2 enH tamEdlRBHGg<RtaséhIy edayRbkardUecñH

rYcehIy eZVIkarbUCaRBHtzaKtedayeRK}gsk,ar;TaMgLay manrbs´

RkGUb nigp,aeQICaedIm eZVIRbTkSiNrYcehIy k*ec[secjeTA dUecñH

Ég .

cb;Gdækfa smiT§ isURtTI 10 3

cbńnÞnvK<TI 2

rYmkñúgvKÁenHman ? 1- GdækfannÞn 2- GdækfannÞi 3- Gdækfantßbutþsm 4- Gdækfaxtþiy 5- Gdækfaskman 6- GdækfaniTÞatnÞ i 7- GdækfaTukár 8- Gdækfahiri 9- Gdækfakudika 10- GdækfasmiT§ i

v ° u 3

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stþivK<TI 3

G dð k za stþisURtTI 1

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg stþisURtTI 1 énstþivK<TI 3 teTA ?

[57] bTza stþiya enH CabzméneTsna . GZib|ayza

edays®sþamanmuxEtm¡agCaedIm . bTza Omedða ERbza RtÚvRbhar

ehIy . BitehIy eRK}gRbharenHman 4 yäg KW eQ μaHza Omdð;

ómdð; mdð; nigvimdð; kñúgbNþaeRK}gRbharTaMg 4 enaH eRK}gRbhar

EdleKdak´TukxagelIomanmuxcuHxageRkam eQ μaHza Omdð; . eRK}g

RbharEdleKdak´TukxageRkamomanmuxeLIgelI eQ μaHza ómdð; .

eRK}gRbhareKeRbIsRmabćak´TmøúHEdldUcCaesñ{tKnøwHTVar eQ μaHza

mdð; . eRK}gRbharsUm|ITaMgGs´d*esseQ μaHza vimdð; .

k*kñ úgTIenH elakR:zñaykeRK}gRbharEdleQ μaHza Omdð;

eRJHeRK}gRbharRbePTenHTaruNCag ‘sahav’ eRK}gRbharTaMgGs´

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- 1 5 1 - G d æ k f a s t þ i v K Á s t i s U R t T I 1

dUcmnusSEdlRtÚvlMEBgminsUvmutcakéhIy Büa:llM:k man

eTasxagkñúg KW manTwkrég nigQamenARtg´muxdMe¶ minmanTwkrég

nigQamhUrecj eTIbeZVIoKMuxÞúHenAxagkñúg . GñkRtÚvkarnwgnaMxÞúH nig

Qamecj RtÚvcgGñkCmáWTuknwgERK ehIyeZVIosIs;sMyugcuH . eK

rEmgdlńUvkarsøab´ ßTuk¡esÞIrEtnwgsøab´ .

Jküza briBVeC¢ EkCa viheryü ERbza Kb|IenA . sYrza

kñ úgKazaenH eTvtaeJlyägNa . eqø Iyza eTvtaeJlza burs

RtÚvcakédaylMEBg RbjabéZVIesckþIBüayamedIm|InwgrkSadMe¶ eday

kardklMEBgecj nigbursEdlRtÚvePøIgeqHelIk|al .l. Rbjab´

eZV IesckþIBüayamedIm|IBnøtéPø Ig yägNa bBiRtRBHd*manRBHPaK

Pik¡úk*dUecñaHn@ uHÉg Kb|Imansti minRbmaT edIm|IlHkamraK; dUecñH .

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´tRmiHza KazaEdleTvtaenHnaM

mktaMgTukehIyeZVIóbma kanýkRbeyaCn¾:ntictYc sUm|InwgeJl

k*eKeJldl´karlHedaykarRKbsg,t´kamraK;Etmüäg k*kamraK;

EdlmK<minTan´dkecjdrabNa drabenaH k*enAmankartamcger]y>

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eRJHdUecñaH kalnwgRTg´kanýkJküóbmaenaHÉg ehIyRTg´pøas´

sEmþgedayGMNacénmK< eTIbRtas´RBHKaza TI 2 . esckþIénKaza

enaH Kb|IRCabedayTMngEdleJlehIyn@uHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa stþisURtTI 1

3

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- 1 5 3 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á p u s t i s U R t T I 2

G dð k za

pustisURtTI 2

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg pustisURtTI 2 teTA ?

[59] bTza napusnþM pusti esckþIza vi:k rEmgminBal´

RtÚvbuK<l EdlminBal´RtÚvkm μ ‘KWGñkmineZVIkm μ’ müägeT[t km μ rEmg

minBal´RtÚvbuK<l EdlminBal´RtÚvkm μn@uHÉg . eRJHza km μ rEmg

minBal´RtÚvbuK<lEdlminb¨HBal´km μenaHÉg . eRBaHza km μ rEmgmin

eb[teb[ndl´buK<lEdlmineZVI ‘km μ’ . bTza pusnþBa© teta pues

esckþIza vi:k rEmgBal´RtÚvbuK<lEdlb¨HBal´km μ müägeT[t km μ

n@ uHÉg rEmgb¨HBal´buK<lEdlb¨HBal´km μ . eRJHza km μ rEmgeZVI

‘eb[teb[n’ buK<lEdleZVI ‘km μ’ . bTza ts μa pusnþM pusti Gb|-

Tudðb|eTasinM GZib|ayza eRJHvi:k rEmgminb¨HBal´buK<l Edlmin

b¨HBal´km μ rEmgb¨HBal´buK<l Edlb¨HBal´km μ RbkarenHCaZm μta

rbs´km μvi:kTaMgLay dUecñaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za ?

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buK<lNa rEmgRbTUscMeJHbuK<l EdlminRbTUstb

CaGñkbrisuTÆi CaGñkminmanTITYl KW kiels buK<lEdl

RbTUscMeJHbuK<lEdlminRbTUs RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´

TukyägenH .

müägeT[t km μ ßvi:k rEmgBal´RtÚvbuK<lenaH Edlb¨HBal´

km μenaHÉg eRJHza buK<lenaH rEmgGaceZV Ikarsmøab´buK<ldéT ß

min ‘smøab´’ k*eday EtGtþa eQ μaHza taMgenAehIykñúgG:y 4

edaykm μenaH edayehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za :b rEmg

RtLb´mkdl´buK<lJlenaHvij dUcZUlId*lÁitEdl:ceTARcasxül´

dUecñaH .

cb;Gdækfa pustisURtTI 2

3

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- 1 5 5 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á C d a s U R t T I 3

G dð k za

CdasURtTI 3

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg CdasURtTI 3 teTA ?

bNÐit Kb|IRCabesckþIénKazaza GenþaCda dUcteTAenH ?

[61] bTza Cda CaeQ μaHrbs´tNØa dUcCasMNaj´ . Bit

ehIy tNØaenaH eQ μaHza Cda eRJHGtæza dUcCaéRBRkas´ eJlKW

karRbTak´KñaénEmkeQITaMgLay manEmk#sSICaedIm edayGtæza

cakéRsHKña eRJHekIteLIger]y> jy> kñúgGarm μN¾TaMgLay man

rU:rm μN¾CaedIm edayGMNacénGarm μN¾TaMgxagkñ úg nigxageRkA .

k*tNØaenH eTvbuRtehAza CaeRK}gcakéRsHTaMgxagkñúg Ca

eRK}gcakéRsHTaMgxageRkA eRJHekIteLIgkñúgbrik¡arrbs´xøÜn nigbri-

k¡arrbs´GñkdéT TaMgkñúgGtþPaBrbs´xøÜn nigGtþPaBrbs´GñkdéT TaMg

kñ úgGaytn;xagkñ úg nigGaytn;xageRkA . BYkstVrvl´ xVl´xVay

ehIyedayeRK}gcakéRsH KW tNØaenaH EdlekIteLIgyägenH .

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GZib|ayza edImeQITaMgLay man#sSICaedIm RbTak´KñaehIyeday

EmkrbséQITaMgLay man#sSICaedIm yägNa bCa KW BYkstV

sUm|ITaMgGsénH k*rvl´xVl´xVayehIyedayeRK}gcakéRsH KW tNØa

RtÚvtNØaenaHcgTukehIy dUecñaH . k*eRJHBYkstVRtÚvtNØacgTuk

ehIyyägenH dUecñaH x\ú MRBHGg<eTIbsUmTUlsYrRBHGg<za tM tM eKatm

bucäami dUecñH ERbza bBiRtRBHeKatm x\ú MRBHGg<sUmTUlsYrRBHGg< .

bTza eKatm KW eTvta rEmgehARBHmanRBHPaKedayRBHeKaRt .

bTza eka «mM viCdey CdM ERbza GñkNaKb|Ikab´q,arnUveRK}gcak´

eRsHenH esckþIza eTvbuRtenaHTUlsYrza GñkNaKb|Ikab´q,ar KW

GñkNaGackab´q,arnUveRK}gcakeRsH KW ‘tNØa’ d*RkasÉdltaMgenA

kñ úgelakZatuTaMg 3 enH:n .

[62] lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRTg´visC¢naesckþI

enHdléTvbuRtenaH eTIbRtas´za ?

sIel btidðay nera sb|eBa¦a citþ M bBa¦Ba©

PavyM GatabI nibeka Pik¡ ú esa «mM viCdey

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nrCnmanR:C\a taMgmaMkñúgsIlehIy ceRmInnUvsmaZi

nigvibsSnabJ¦a CaGñkmanBüayamdutkemþAkiels

Rbkbeday:rihariyb|J¦a CaGñkeXIjP&ykñúgsgSar

buK<lenaH eTIbkab´q,arnUvtNØaCaeRK}gcakéRsHenH

:n .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza sIel btidðay :ndl´ taMgenA

kñ úgctub|arisuTÆ isIl . k*kñ úgbTenH Kb|IRCabza RBHmanRBHPaK

EdleTvtaTUlsYrdlĆda KW tNØaEdlcgnr;Tuk RBHGg<eTIbepþ Im

Jküza sIl min:nTUlsYryägdéT k*min:nRtasýägdéT .

eRJHza RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´dl´sIlkñúgTIenH k*edIm|IRTg´sEmþg

dl´TIBwgrbsńr; CaGñkkab´q,arnUveRK}gcakéRsH KW tNØa Edl

cgTuk . bTza nera :ndl´ stV .

bTza sbeBa¦a :ndl´ GñkmanbJ¦a eRBaHbdisnÆieday

bJ¦aEdlCaéRtehtu EdlekItBIkm μ . bTza citþ M bBa¦Ba© PavyM

:ndl´ júaMgsmaZi nigbJ¦aoceRmIn . BitNas´ RbkarenH

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RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´smabtþi 8 Tuk CaRbZanéncitþ Rtas´vibsSna

Tuk edayeQ μaHza bJ¦a . bTza Gatab ERbza manesckþIBüayam .

BitehIy esckþIBüayam RtaséhAza Gatab; eRJHGtæza CaeRK}g

dutkielsTaMgLayoekþApSa . esckþIBüayamCaeRK}gdutkiels

rbsńr;enaHmanehIy ehtuenaH nr;CaGñkmanesckþIBüayamenaH

eTIbeQ μaHza GatabI ERbza GñkmanesckþIBüayamCaeRK}gdutkiels

oekþApSa . kñ úgbTza nibeka enH RtaséhA bJ¦aza enbk; .

GZib|ayza nr;CaGñkRbkbedaybJ¦a eQ μaHza enbk; enaH .

RTg´sEmþg:rihariyb|J¦a edaybTza nibeka enH . GZib|ayza

bJ¦aEdlCaehtujúaMgbuK<lKb|IrkSaoseRmckic©TaMgBYg edayn&y

za enHCakalsmKYredIm|Ier[n ‘óeTÞs’ enHCakalsmKYredIm|Isak

sYr ‘bribucäa’ CaedIm eQ μaHza :rihariyb|J¦a .

kñ úgbJØaBüakrN¾enH bJ¦amk 3 var; . kñúgbJ¦aTaMgenaH

bJ¦aTImYy eQ μaHza sCatibJ¦a ‘bJ¦amkRBmnwgkarekIt’ bJ¦a

TIBIr eQ μaHza vibsSnabJ¦a . bJ¦aTIbI eQ μaHza :rihariyb|J¦a

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EdlCaeRK}gnaMeTAkñúgkic©TaMgBYg . bTza Pik¡ú manvieRKaHza GñkNa

rEmgeXIjP&ykñúgsgSar ehtuenaH GñkenaHeTIbeQ μaHza Pik¡ ú .

bTza esa «mM viCdey CdM esckþIza Pik¡ úenaH Kb|Ikab´q,arCdaenH

:ndl´ Pik¡ úenaHCaGñkRbkbedayKuNTaMgLay mansIlaTiKuN

CaedImTaMgenH ‘GñkRbkbedayKuNZm( 6 KW sIl smaZi bJ¦a 3

yäg nigvIriy;’ GZib|ayza Pik¡úGaRs&yEpndI KW sIl ehIyelIk

s®sþa KW vibsSnabJ¦a EdlxøÜnsMel[glÁehIyedayz μ KW smaZi

edayéd KW :rihariyb|J¦a RbkbedaykmøaMg KW esckþIBüayam

p<geLIgehIy Kb|Ikab´q,ar Kb|Ikat´ Kb|ITmøaynUveRK}gcakéRsH

KW tNØaEdlsæitenAkñúgsnþanénxøÜnenaHsUm|ITaMgGs´ eRb{bdUcburs

EdlQrelIEpndI elIks®sþaEdlxøÜnsMel[glÁehIy Kb|Ikab´

q,arKum¬#sSIZM dUecñaH . RBHmanRBHPaK RKaRtasésk¡PUmieday

JkümanRbmaNbüeNÑHehIy «LÚvenH kalnwgRTg´sEmþgdl´RBH

mhaxINaRsBGñkkab´q,arnUvéRBRkas´ ‘tNØa’ ehIytaMgenA eTIb

Rtas´Jküza ?

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eysM raeKa c eTaesa c GviC¢a c viraCita

xINasva Grhenþa etsM viC¢ ita Cda

raK;kþI eTas;kþI GviC¢akþ I EdlbuK<lBYkNakm©at´:n

ehIy buK<lTaMgenaH manGasv;GséhIy CaGñkqáay

cakkiels tNØaCaeRK}gcakéRsH EdlbuK<lTaMg

enaHkab´q,ar:nehIy .

RBHmanRBHPaK luHRTg´sEmþgdl´RBHxINaRsBGñkkab´q,ar

nUveRK}gcakéRsH KW tNØa yägenHehIytaMgenA kalnwgRTg´sEmþg

OkasCaeRK}gkab´q,aréRBRkaséT[t eTIbRtas´Jküza ?

ytæ namBa© rUbBa© GessM óbruCÄti

bdiXrUbsBa¦a c Étæ sa qiC¢et Cda

namkþI rUbkþ I bdiXsJ¦a nigrUbsJ¦akþ I rEmgrlt´

minmanesssl´kñúgTINa tNØaCaeRK}gcakéRsH

enaH rEmgrltéTAkñ úgTIenaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza namM :ndl´ GrUbxnÆ 4 . kñ úgbT

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za bdiXrUbsBa¦a enH elakkanýkkamPB edayGMNacénbdiX-

sJ¦a kanýkrUbPB edayGMNacénrUbsJ¦a . kalPBTaMg 2 enaH

RTg´kanýkehIy GrUbPB k*CakarkanýkehIyedayseg¡bénPB

n@uHÉg .

kñúgbTza Éetæsa qiC¢et Cda enH ERbza tNØaCaeRK}gcak´

eRsH rEmgdacéTAkñ úgTIenaH KWza tNØaEdlCaeRK}gcakéRsHenH

rEmgdacéTAkñúgTIbMputénvdþ; EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmi 3 KWza GaRs&y

RBHniBVanehIy rEmgdac´ rEmgrltéTA dUecñH enHCaGtæEdlRBH-

manRBHPaKRTg´sEmþgTukehIy dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa CdasURt TI 3

3

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G dð k za

menanivarNsURtTI 4

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg menanivarNsURtTI 4 teTA ?

[63] bTza yeta yeta :ndl´ KYrhamcitþcak:b ß

buNü .

:n»za eTvtaenH mankareXIjyägenHza Garm μN¾NamYy

EdlCaelakiy¾ ßEdlCaelakutþr; edayRbkarepSg> manGarm μN¾

EdlCakuslCaedIm buK<lKb|Ihamcitþ KW minKb|IoGarm μN¾enaH

ekIteLIg dUecñH . Jküza s sBVeta EkCa esa sBVeta ERbza

buK<lenaHÇÇÇ cakGarm μN¾TaMgBYg . TIenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RtiHriH

za eTvtaenH rEmgeJlJküEdlCaGniyüanik; ‘JküminnaMstV

ecjcakTuk¡’ Zm μtaza citþ CaPav;EdlKYrhamk*man KYrceRmInk*man

tzaKtnwgEckesckþIenaH sEmþgdléK dUecñH eTIbRtas´RBHKaza

TI 2 za ?

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- 1 6 3 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á m e n a n i v a r N s U R t T I 4

n sBVeta mena nivarey

mena yttþmaKtM

yeta yeta c :bkM

teta teta mena nivarey

buK<l minKYrhamXatćitþsBVGenø I nigcitþEdldl´

nUvesckþIsRgÜmeT luHEtcitþGaRkkékIteLIgkñúgkal

Na> eTIbRtÚvbuK<lhamXatćitþkñ úgkalenaH .

bNþaJküTaMgenaH JküEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za mena

yttþmaKtM :ndl´ minKb|IhamcitþedayRbkarTaMgBYg KWza Zm(

GV I> EdleJlehIy minKYrhamXatćitþTaMgGs´ eRJHza Zm(Edl

CaehtuocitþmkkanésckþIsRgÜmyägNa EdlekIteLIg edayn&y

za eyIgnwgoTan nwgrkSasIl EdlCaehtunaMmknUvesckþIsRgÜm

citþCaedImenH buK<lminKb|Iham eRBaHza RbkarenH CaesckþIkBUn

CaesckþIceRmInedayBit . Jküza yeta yeta c :bkM :ndl´

Gkusl rEmgekItBIZm(Na > buK<lKb|IhamXatćitþGMBIZm(enaH >

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dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa menanivarNsURtTI 4

3

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- 1 6 5 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á G r h n þ s U R t T I 5

G dð k za

GrhnþsURtTI 5

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg GrhnþsURtTI 5 teTA ?

[65] bTza ktavI ERbza mankic©eZV IeRscehIy KW mankic©

EdlmK< 4 eZV IehIy . bTza GhM vTami esckþIza eTvtaEdlenA

kñ úgéRBeRsagenH sþabévaharrbs´BYkPik¡ úenAéRBniyayKñaza eyIg

qan´Gahar eyIgGg<úy :RtrbséyIg cIvrrbséyIgCaedIm eTIb

Kitza eyIgsm<al´za Pik¡ úTaMgenHCaRBHxINaRsB k*bu Ënþkñ úgJkü

Caevaha manesckþIsm<al´za CamnusS CastV sPaBEbbenHrbs´

RBHxINaRsBTaMgLay man ßminmaeThñ@ dUecñH edIm|InwgRCabkar

RbRBwtþeTAenaH eTIb:nRkabTUlsYrehIyyägenH . RBHmanRBHPaK

Rtas´tbza Pik¡ úNa CaGñkqáayGMBIkiels mankic©eZV IeRscehIy

manGasv;GséhIy CaGñkRTRTgńUvragkay EdlmankñúgCatiCaTI

bMput Pik¡úenaH Kb|IeJlza eyIgniyaydUecñHxøH buK<ldéT> niyay

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cMeJHeyIgdUecñHxøH Pik¡úenaHCaGñkqøat RCabJküniyaykñúgelak Kb|I

eJltamsm μtiEdlniyayKña .

[66] bTza smBa¦ M ERbza Jküniyay CaPasakñúgelak

Caevaharkñúgelak . bTza kusela ERbza qøat KW qøatkñúgZm( man

xnÆCaedIm . bTza evaharmetþn ERbza eJltamsm μtiEdlniyay

Kña :ndl´ kalmineZV I ‘minlHbg´’ JküEdlGaRs&ykareXIjCa

mnusS CastVehIy minnaMJküEdlniyayoepSgKña eTIbsmKYr

nwgeJlza eyIg rbséyIg dUecñH BitNas´ kaleKeJlza xnÆ

TaMgLayrEmgbriePaK xnÆTaMgLayrEmgGg<úy :Rtrbs´xnÆTaMgLay

cIvrrbs´xnÆTaMgLay dUecñH esckþIepSgKñaénJküniyayman EtGñk

Na> k*RCabmin:n eRJHdUecñaH RBHxINaRsBeTIbminniyay dUecñaH

rEmgniyayeTAtamevaharkñ úgelakn@uHÉg .

[67] lMdabénaH eTvtaeTIbKitza ebIPik¡ úenHminniyayeday

Tidði k*RtÚvniyayedayGMNacénmanH eTIbTUlsYreT[tza eya ehati

CaedIm ERbza Pik¡úNaCaRBHGrhnþ mankic©eZVIeRscehIy manGasv;

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- 1 6 7 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á G r h n þ s U R t T I 5

GséhIy CaGñkRTRTgńUvragkayEdlmankñúgCatiCaTIbMput Pik¡ úenaH

GaRs&ymanHßhñ@ eTIbeJlza eyIgniyaydUecñHGñkxøH GñkdéT>

niyaycMeJHeyIgdUecñHxøH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza GaRs&ymanHßhñ@ :ndl´ Pik¡ úenaH

GaRs&ynUvmanH Kb|IeJledayGMNacénmanHßhñ@ .

[68] lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´RBHtRmiHza eTvtaenH

rEmgeZVIRBHxINaRsBdUcbuK<lmanmanH dUecñH kalnwgRTg´sEmþgza

manHsUm|ITaMg 9 yäg RBHxINaRsBlH:nGséhIy eTIbRtas´

RBHKazatbza kielsCaeRK}gcgTaMgLay minmandl´Pik¡úEdllH

manHecjehIy manH nigKnæ;TaMgBYg EdlPik¡ úenaHkm©atécjehIy

Pik¡úCaGñkmanbJ¦alÁknøgbgéhIy nUvesckþIsm<al´xøÜn Pik¡úenaHKb|I

eJlza eyIgniyaydUecñHxøH buK<lTaMgLaydéTniyaycMeJHeyIg

dUecñHxøH Pik¡úenaHCaGñkqøat RCabJküniyaykñúgelak Kb|IeJltam

karsm μtiEdlniyayKña .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza viZUbIta ERbza km©atécjehIy .

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bTza manKnæsS ERbza manH nigKnæHÇÇÇ EdlPik¡ úenaH .

Jküza smBa¦M sMedAdl´ JküniyayEdlsm<al´zaCaxøÜn . GZi-

b|ayza RBHxINaRsBenaHCaGñkRKbsg,t´:nehIy KW Qanknøg

ehIynUvesckþ Ism<al´zax ø ÜnedaytNØa T id ð i n igmanH . Jkü

d*ess manesckþIgayTaMgenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa GrhnþsURtTI 5

3

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- 1 6 9 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á b e C ¢ a t s U R t T I 6

G dð k za

beC¢atsURtTI 6

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg beC¢atsURtTI 6 teTA ?

[69] bTza budð M EkCa bucä itM ERbza edIm|InwgTUlsYr .

bTza kzM Caenmu EkCa kzM Caenyüam ERbza x\ ú MRBHGg<nwgRCab

dUcemþc .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´tbza BnøWTaMgLaykñúgelakman 4 yäg

minmanTI 5 . RBHGaTitüPøWkñúgeBlézá RBHcnÞPøWkñúgeBlyb´ mYyeT[t

ePø Ig rEmgruger]gkñ úgeBlézá nigeBlyb´RKb´RKa ‘Et’ RBHsm μa-

sm¬úTÆ RbesIrCagBnø WTaMgLay enHCaBnøWRbesIrbMput .

[70] bTza Tivartþ w ERbza kñ úgeBlézá nigeBlyb´ .

bTza ttættæ ERbza RKb´RKa KW Pø Wkñ úgTIenaH> Ég . bTza Ésa

GaPa ERbza BnøWrbs´RBHBuTÆ . sYrza Bnø Wrbs´RBHBuTÆ dUcemþc .

eqø Iyza Bnø WsUm|ITaMgBYgenH KW BnøW KW Qank*eday BnøW KW bItik*

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eday BnøW KW bsaT;k*eday BnøW KW Zm μkzak*eday cUrelIkTukcuH

BnøW EdlekIteLIgeRJHkarR:kdénRBHBuTÆTaMgLay eQ μaHza BnøW

énRBHBuTÆ BnøWenHbüeNÑaH ruger]gRbesIrbMputCagBnøWTaMgGs´ minman

BnøWdéTeRb{bpÞwm:n dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa beC¢atsURtTI 6

3

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- 1 7 1 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á s r s U R t T I 7

G dð k za

srsURtTI 7

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg srsURtTI 7 teTA ?

[71] bTza kueta sra nivtþnþ i :ndl´ karGenÞaleTAkñ úg

sgSarenH rEmgRbRBwtþeTAmin:nkñúgTINa . GZib|ayza eTvta

TUlsYrza sgSarTaMgLayGaRs&yGVI eTIbminRbRBwtþeTA dUecñH .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´tbza dI Twk ePø Ig xül´ mintaMgenAkñ úgTINa

sgSarTaMgLay RbRBwtþeTAmin:nkñúgTIenaH vdþ;vileTAmin:nkñúg

TIn@ uHEdr namkþI rUbkþ I rEmgrlt´Gs´kñ úgTInu @HEdr .

bTza n KaZti ERbza mintaMgenA . bTza Geta ERbza

kñ úgTINa KW kñ úgRBHniBVan . Jküd*essgayTaMgGsénaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa srsURtTI 7

3

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G dð k za

mhTÆnsURtTI 8

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg mhTÆnsURtTI 8 teTA ?

[73] buK<leQ μaHza manRTBüeRcIn eRJHGtæza RTBürbs´

eKCasar; manEkvmukþaCaedIm maneRcIn . buK<lmanePaK;eRcIn

‘sm|tþieRcIn’ eRJHGtæza eKmanmhaePaK; EdlCaPaCn;eZV Ieday

mas nigR:kĆaedImeRcIn . bTza GBa¦mBa¦aPiKiCÄnþi ERbza rEmg

RtÚvkarrbs´déT> KW rEmgR:zña rEmg#süarbs´déT> . bTza

Gnlg,ta ERbza minecHl μmKW minecHEqÁt ekItesckþIR:zñaminman

TIbMput . bTza ósSúk,Caetsu ERbza manesckþIxVl´xVay KW

BüayamedIm|IRtÚvkarvtæúEdleBjcitþTaMgLay manrUbCaedIm Edlmin

TanékIteLIg oekIteLIgkñúgbNþavtæúEdleBjcitþ Edlmanlk¡N;

epSg> edIm|IRtÚvkaresayvtæúEdlekIteLIgenaH .

bTza Pvesatanusarisu ERbza GENþteTAtamRkEsénPB

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- 1 7 3 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á m h T § n s U R t T I 8

:ndl´ rsatéTAtamRkEsénvdþ; . bTza GnusSúka ERbza min

manesckþIxVl´xVay :ndl´ eRJHminman ‘kielsCaeRK}g’ eb[t-

eb[n . lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za buK<lTaMgLaylHbg´

pÞH lHbg´buRt lHbg´bsustVCaTIRsLaj´ bYsehIykm©at´raK;

eTas; nigGviC¢aecj CaGñkmanGasv;GséhIy CaGñkqáaycak

kiels buK<lTaMgenaH CaGñkminxVl´xVaykñúgelak .

bTza GKarM ERbza pÞH :ndl´ pÞHRBmTaMgmatuRKam .

bTza viraCiya ERbza km©atéhIy :ndl´ TmøayehIy .

Jküd*essgayTaMgenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa mhT§nsURtTI 8

3

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G dð k za

ctuck,sURtTI 9

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg ctuck,sURtTI 9 teTA ?

[75] bTza ctuck,M ERbza ck, man 4 :ndl´ «riyabz 4

eRJHkñúgTIenH«riyabz elakehAza ck, . bTza nvTVarM ERbza

TVar 9 :ndl´ TVar 9 Edlmanmat´dMe¶ 9 kEnøg . bTza buNÑM

ERbza manGsucieBjehIy KW eBjeTAedayrbs´minsÁat . bT

za elaePn sMyutþ M ERbza RbkbedayelaP; KWza sm|yutþ

edaytNØa . bTza kzM yaRta PvisSti enH eTvtaTUlsYrza

karecjcak ‘GMBITuk¡’ srIr;enH EbbenH nwgman:nyägNa KWza

karrYcput karrYcputedayCuMvij karQanknøgyäglÁ nwgman:n

yägNa dUecñH .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´tbza ?

[76] eqtVa nTÆw vrtþBa©

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- 1 7 5 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á c t u c k á s U R t T I 9

«cäaelaPBa© :bkM

smUlM tNØM GBVúyØ

ÉvM yaRta PvisSti

buK<lRtÚvkatńUvkUnkMRBapg RB&Rt esckþIR:zña nig

elaP;d*lamkpg ehIydktNØaorelIgTaMg#s

RtÚvyaRtatamlMGanenHÉg .

bTza nTÆw :ndl´ karcgesckþIeRkaZ GZib|ayza esckþI

eRkaZmanTaMgmunTaMgeRkay esckþIeRkaZ mankmøaMgRbRBwtþeTAehIy

yägenH eTIbeQ μaHza karcgesckþIeRkaZ . bTza vrtþ M ERbza

RB&Rt ‘kielsCaeRK}grYbrwt’ :ndl´ RtÚvkatńUvkUnkMRBapg RB&Rt

pg . eQ μaHkarCabĆMJk´KñaéntNØa nigTidð i elakeJlTukkñúgKaza

za snÆanM shnuk,m M EtkñúgTIenH ev[rElgEtkielsEdlelakGZi-

b|ayTukkñúgRBH:lIehIy kielsd*ess Kb|IRCabza CaeRK}grYb

rwt eRJHdUecñaH eTIbRtas´za katńUvRB&Rt KW kielsCaeRK}grYbrwt

dUecñH . bTza «cäaelaPM enH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´Tukza Zm(EtmYy

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enHÉg eQ μaHza elaP; eRJHGtæza R:zña eRJHGtæza esckþIcg´

:n nigesckþIRtÚvkar . müägeT[t esckþIcg´:nmankmøaMgexSay

ekIteLIgRKadMbUg esckþIelaPmankmøaMgekIteLIgkñúgevlat> mk .

müägeT[t esckþIR:zñakñúgvtæúEdlxøÜnminTan´:n eQ μaHza esckþIcg´

:n esckþIeRtkGrkñúgvtæúEdlxøÜn:nehIy eQ μaHza esckþIelaP .

bTza smUlM tNØM :ndl´ tNØaEdlmanmUl edaymanGviC¢aCa

mUl . bTza GBÖúyØ :ndl´ EdlmK<dkeLIgehIy . Jküd*ess

gayTaMgenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ctuckásURtTI 9

3

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- 1 7 7 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á É N i C g Ç s U R t T I 1 0

G dð k za

ÉNiCg¹sURtTI 10

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg ÉNiCg¹sURtTI 10 teTA ?

[77] bTza ÉNiCg¹M ERbza manRBHCg¹ ‘s μg’ mUler[v

es μ I dUcs μgRmwKRTay . bTza kIsM :ndl´ manRBHsrIr;es μ I min

Zat´ . müägeT[t GZib|ayza manRBHtc; ‘Es|k’ minsáÜt KW man

RBHsrIr;lÁ edaymin:c´mankøinp,aeQI nigeRK}glabTaMgLay .

bTza vIrM ERbza manesckþIBüayam .

bTza Gb|aharM :ndl´ manGahartic eRJHCaGñks<al´

RbmaNkñúgkaresayRBHRkyahar . müägeT[t eQ μaHza manGahar

tic eRJHmin:nesaykñúgevlavikal . bTza Gelalub|M ERbza

minmanesckþIelaP :ndl´ RTg´R:scakesckþIR:zñakñúgbc©&y 4 .

müägeT[t karminmanesckþIelaPenH KW minCabédayrstNØa .

bTza sIhMevkcrM naKM :ndl´ dUcCaraCsIh¾ nigdMrId*RbesIr Rtac´

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eTAEtÉg . eRJHza buK<lenACaBYk rEmgCaGñkRbmaT GñkRtacéTA

EtÉg rEmgCaGñkminRbmaT . eRJHdUecñaH PaBCaGñkminRbmaT elak

eTIbkanýkza CaGñkRtacéTAEtmñak´Ég n@ uHÉg .

[78] RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´tbza ?

bBa© kamKuNa elaek menaqdða bevTita

Étæ qnÞM viraCitVa ÉvM Tuk¡a bmuc©ti

kamKuN 5 mancitþCaTI 6 bNÐitRbkasehIykñúg

elak buK<lkm©atésckþIeBjcitþkñ úgnamrUbenH :n

ehIy k*putBITuk¡:n dUecñH .

bTza bevTita ERbza RbkasehIy KW R:béhIy . bTza

Étæ ERbza kñ úgnamrUbenH . BitNas´ rUb elakkanýkeday

GMNacénkamKuN 5 cMENk nam elakkanýkcitþ . k*ÉbNÐit

Kb|Ikanýknam nigrUbTaMgBIr edayminepSgGMBIKña ehIyKb|IRbkb

esckþIkñ úgnam nigrUbenH edayGMNacénZm( manxnÆ 5 CaedImcuH .

cb;Gdækfa ÉNiCgÇsURt TI 10

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- 1 7 9 - G d æ k f a s t i v K Á É N i C g Ç s U R t T I 1 0

cb;Gdækfa stivKÁ TI 3 EdlrYmman 10 Gdækfa

1- Gdækfasti 2- Gdækfapusti 3- GdækfaCda 4- GdækfamenanIvarN 5- GdækfaGrhnþ 6- GdækfabeC¢at 7- Gdækfasr 8- GdækfamhT§n 9- Gdækfactuká 10- GdækfaÉNiCÇ

r å s

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stuløb|kayik vK< TI 4

G dð k za

sBÖisURtTI 1

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg sBÖisURtTI 1 énstuløb|kayikvK<TI 4

teTA ?

[79] bTza stuløb|kayika manvieRKaHza eTvtaTaMgLay

EdleQ μaHza stuløb|kayika eRJHelIktem,IgedayGMNacénkar

smaTanZm(rbs´sb|úrs ehIyekIteLIgkñ úgsYK( . kñ úgesckþIenaH

maner]gdUcteTAenH

er]gGñksresIrZm(rbs´sb|úrs

:n»za CncMnYneRcInrYmKñaeZVICMnYjtampøÚvsmuRT eRbIsMeBAeTA

kan´smuRT . kalsMeBAénCnTaMgenaHeTAedayrh&sdUckUnZñ Ú Edl

buK<l:jéTAehIy kñúgézáTI 7 eTIbekIt mhnþraykñúgkNþalsmuRT

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- 1 8 1 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á s B Ö i s U R t T I 1

KW rlkZMtaMgeLIg ehIyk*júaMgsMeBAoeBjeTAedayTwk . kal

sMeBAkMBugnwgliccuH mhaCneTIbnwkdléQ μaHeTvtarbs´xø Üner[g>

xø Ün ehIyeZVIkic©mankarGgVr nigTYjyMCaedIm . kñúgbNþaénCnTaMg

enaH bursmñakńwkza eyIgRtÚvRbsBVP&yd*sahavEbbenHedayBit

eTIbnwkdl´Zm(rbs´xøÜn eXIjnUvsrN;TaMgLay nigsIlTaMgLay

brisuTÆiehIy eTIbGg<úyceRmInsmaZidUcRBHeyaKI . BYkCnTaMgLay

eTIbsYrKat´dléhtuEdlminxøacenaH . bursGñkCabNÐitenaH eTIb

eJlza mñalGñkd*ceRmInTaMgLay EmnehIy eyIgminxøacP&yEbb

enH eRJHeyIg:nzVayTandl´BYkPik¡ úkñ úgézáEdleLIgTUk eyIg:n

TTYlsrN;TaMgLay nigsIlTaMgLay edayehtuenaH eyIgeTIb

minxøac dUecñH . CnTaMgenaHeTIbeJlza bBiRtnay k*srN; nig

sIlTaMgenH smKYrdl´BYkCndéTxøHßeT . bNÐitenaHeqøIyza Emn

ehIy Zm(TaMgenH rEmgsmKYrsUm|Idl´BYkelak . CnTaMgenaH eTIb

eJlza ebIdUecñaH sUmelakbNÐitcUrodl´BYkeyIgxøH . CnCa

bNÐitenaH eTIbcatéZV IBYkmnusSTaMgenaH oCamYyBYk> mYyrynak´

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rYmCa 7 BYk . tBIenaHk*osIl 5 . kñúgbNþaCnTaMg 7 BYk enaH

CncMnYn 100 nak´ BYkdMbUg taMgenAkñ úgTwkRbmaNRtwmkÇeCIg eTIb

:nTTYlsIl . BYkTI 2 taMgenAkñ úgTwkRbmaNRtwmCg<g´ÇÇÇ BYkTI

3 taMgenAkñ úgTwkRbmaNRtwmceg,HÇÇÇ BYkTI 4 taMgenAkñ úgTwkRbmaN

Rtwmp©itÇÇÇ CnBYkTI 5 taMgenAkñúgTwkRbmaNRtwmedaHÇÇÇ BYkTI 6 taMg

enAkñ úgTwkRbmaNRtwmÇkÇÇÇ BYkTI 7 TwksmuRTkMBughUrcUlmat´ eTIb

:nTTYlsIl 5 .

CnCabNÐitenaH luHosIl 5 dlĆnTaMgenaHehIy eTIb

RbkasnUvsMeLgxøaMg> za vtæúdéTCaTIBwgcMeJHBYkeyIgminman BYk

elakcUrrkSasIlbüeNÑaH dUecñH .

CnTaMg 700 enaH eZV Ikal;kñúgsmuRTenaH ehIyeTAekItkñ úg

PBtavtþwgS eRJHGaRs&ysIlEdlxøÜnTTYlykkñúgevlaCitsøab´ .

vimanTaMgLayrbséTvtaTaMgenaH k*ekIteLIgCaBYk> CamYyKña .

vimanmasrbs´GacarümanRbmaN 100 eyaCn¾ ekItRtg´kNþal

énvimanTaMgGs´ . eTvtad*ess CabrivarrbséTvtaEdlCaGacarü

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enaH vimanEdlTabCagvimanTaMgGsénaH k*enAmankm¬s´RbmaN

dl´ 12 eyaCn¾ . eTvtaTaMgenaH :nBicarNaplkm μkñúgxN;Edl

xøÜnekItehIy :nRCabdl´kar:nsm|tþienaH eRJHGaRs&yGacarü

eTIbeJleLIgza BYkeyIgnwgeTA BYkeyIgnwgeJlsresIrKuNén

Gacarürbs´BYkeyIgkñúgsmñak´énRBHTsBl dUecñH ehIycUleTAKal´

RBHmanRBHPaKkñúgevlacenøaHmCÄimyam .

[80] kñúgbNþaeTvtaTaMgenaH eTvta 6 Gg< :neJlKaza

mYyGg<mYyKaza edIm|IBN(naKuNGacarürbs´xø Ün edayJküza ?

sBÖierv smaesz

sBÖi kueBVz snævM

stM sTÆm μmBa¦ay

eseyüa ehati n :bieya .

buK<l KYrGg<úyrYmCamYynwgBYksb|úrsbueNÑaH KYreZVI

esckþIsñiTÆsñaledayBYksb|úrs eRBaHdwgc|asńUv

RBHsTÆm μrbs´BYksb|úrs rEmg:nCabuK<lRbesIr

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minGaRkkéLIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza sBÖi ERbza BYkbNÐit KW BYk

sb|úrs . r GkSreZV InaTIsnÆi . bTza smaesz ERbza KYrGg< úy

rYm k*Jküza smaesz enH CaRbZanéneTsnabüeNÑaH . GZib|ay

za Kb|IseRmc«riyabzTaMgBYg rYmnwgsb|úrsTaMgLayEtmüäg .

bTza kueBVz ERbza KYreZV I . bTza snævM ERbza esckþIsñiTÆsñal

:ndl´ esckþIsñiTÆsñaledayemRtI EtesckþIsñiTÆsñaledaytNØa

EdlGñkNa> minKYreZVI . RbkarenH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sMedAyk

Jküza buK<lKb|IeZVIesckþIsñiTÆsñalemRtInwgRBHsm μasm¬úTÆ RBHbec©-

kBuTÆ nigRBHsavkTaMgLay dUecñH . bTza stM ERbza rbs´BYk

sb|úrs . bTza sTÆm μ M :ndl´ RBHsTÆm μepSg> mansIl 5

sIl 10 nigstib|dðan 4 CaedIm . EtkñúgsURtenH elakR:zña

yksIl 5 . bTza eseyüaehati ERbza manEtKuNd*RbesIr KW

manEtesckþIceRmIn . bTza n :bieya :ndl´ esckþIlamkGVI>

rEmgminman .

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[81] lMdabénaH eTvtadéTeT[t:neJlKazaenH kñúgsmñak´

RBHmanRBHPaKza ?

buK<l KYrGg<úyrYmnwgBYksb|úrs .l. rEmg:nbJ¦a

minEmn:nbJ¦aGMBIbuK<ldéT ‘CnJl’ eT dUecñH .

bTza naBa¦eta ERbza minEmn:nGMBIbuK<ldéTeT KW eQ μaH

za bJ¦a EdlbuK<lminEmn:nGMBIbuK<lJl dUceRbgláCaedIm Edl

buK<lminKb|I:nBIdMuRKÜs ßxSacĆaedIm . k*buK<lRCabc|asńUvZm(

rbs´sb|úrsTaMgLayehIy esBKbĆamYybNÐitbüeNÑaH eTIb:n

dUceRbgTaMgLay maneRbgláCaedIm EdlbuK<lrEmg:nGMBIRKab´

láCaedIm .

[82] lMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t:neJlKazaenH kñúgsmñak´

RBHmanRBHPaKza ?

buK<lKYrGg<úyrYmnwgBYksb|úrs .l. rEmgminesak

esAkñúgkNþalBYkCnGñkesakesAeLIy .

bTza esakmeCÄ GZib|ayza buK<lEdleTAehIykñúgkNþal

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éner]gEdlCaTItaMgénesckþIesakesA ßza eTAehIykñúgkNþalén

stVTaMgLayEdlmanesckþIesakesA dUcó:sika ‘mløika’ rbs´

BnÆúlesnabtI nigdUcsg,ic©sameNr EdlCasTÆiviharikrbs´RBH-

Zm μesnabtI CaGñkeTARtg´kNþalénecar 500 rEmgminesakesA .

[83] lMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t:neJlKazaenH kñ úg

smñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza ?

buK<lKYrGg<úyrYmnwgBYksb|úrs .l. rEmgruger]g

kñúgkNþalénjati dUecñH .

bTza jatimeCÄ vieracti ERbza rEmgruger]gkñúgkNþalén

BYkjati KWza rEmgRbesIr dUcsameNr eQ μaHza GZimutþk; Edl

CasTÆiviharikrbs´RBHsgi,c©etær; .

er]gGZimutþksameNr

:n»za sameNrenaH Cak μ Üyrbs´RBHsg,ic©etær; . kñ úgkal

enaH RBHezr;eJlnwgsameNrza sameNr GñkZMehIy GñkcUreTA

sYrdl´Gayurbs´Gñk ehIycUrmk eyIgnwgóbsm|Tao dUecñH sam-

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eNrTTYlJküza kruNaelakm©as´ zVaybg<MRBHezr;ehIy kan´:Rt

nigcIvreTARsúkbÁÚnRsI EdltaMgenACitéRBEdlCaTIGaRs&yenArbs´

BYkecar ehIyk*RtacéTAbiNÐ:t . bÁÚnRsIeXIjelak eTIbnimnþo

eTAKg´kñ úgpÞH kalqan´PtþahareRscehIy . sameNreZVIkic©vtþrYc

eTIbsYrdl´Gayurbs´xø Ün . nageqø Iyza x\ ú Mm©as´minRCabeT EmëTIb

RCab . sameNreJlza nagcUrenATIenH Gat μanwgeTArkejam ehIy

k*cUleTAkan´éRB . BYkecar eXIjsameNrBIcmáay eTIbbJ¢ÚnsJ¦a

dl´Kñ IKña . BYkecarosJ¦aNedayJküza :n»za sameNrmYy

Gg<:ncUlmkkan´éRB BYkGñkcUreTAnaMsameNrenaHmk dUecñH . ecar

BYkxøHeJlza eyIgnwgsmøab´ BYkxøHeJlza eyIgnwgElg . sUm|I

sameNrk*Kitza eyIgCaRBHesk¡; mankic©EdlKYreZV Idl´xø Ün eyIg

RbwkSanwgBYkecarTaMgenHehIy nwgeZVIesckþIsYsþI eTIbehAemecarmk

eJlza mñalGñkmanGayu Gat μanwgeZVIesckþIóbma ‘kareRb{beZ[b’

dlélak dUecñH ehIy:neJlKazaTaMgenHza ?

kñ úgGtItkald*yUrGEgVg manéRBd*ZMmYy xøadMbgmYy

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Rtac´sÞakćMNItampøÚvekag kñúgkalenaH va:nsmøab´

cm|k;ehIy RmwK nigstVTaMgLayeXIjcm|k;søab´

ehIy k*P&yxøac naMKñaeKcec[seTAkñúgevlaraRtI eTIb

minekItRbeyaCn¾dl´va yägNamuij elaksmøab´

smN;eQ μaH GZimutþk; CaGñkminmankielsCaeRK}g

kgVl´ k*dUcKñaenaHÉg CnTaMgLayGñkeZV IdMeNIr nwg

minmk BYkelakk*nwgdac´RTBü smN;eQ μaHza GZi-

mutþk; CaGñkminmankielseRK}gkgVl´ eBalJkü

BitR:kd CnTaMgLayGñkeZVIdMeNIrnwgminmk esckþI

sabsUnüénRTBünwgman .

emecareJlza

ebIelakeXIjGñkeZVIdMeNIrmkehIy nwgminR:b´dl´

GñkNa> bBiRtelakd*ceRmIn kalelakrkSasc©;

enH:n k*cUreTAtamsb|aycuH .

sareNrenaH EdlBYkecarTaMgenaHedaHElgehIy eTAehIy

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sUm|IeXIjjatiTaMgLay k*min:nR:b´ TIenaHkaljatirbs´sam-

eNrenaHmkdl´ BYkecark*naMKñacab´ ehIyeZV ITaruNkm μ BYkecar:n

eJlnwgmatarbs´sameNr EdlnagkMBugxUccitþ TYjyMza ?

GZimutþk; nwgsYrnagza GZimutþk; «LÚvenHmanGayu

bün μan En@nag x\úMsYrehIysUmR:b´ BYkeyIgnwgdwg :n

yägNa .

matarbs´GZimutþk;eJlnwgBYkecarza ?

eyIgenHÉg Camatarbs´GZimutþk; GñkenHÉgCabita

enHCabÁ ÚnRsI enHCabgbÁÚnRbús CnTaMgGs´kñ úgTIenH

Cajatirbs´GZimutþk; . GZimutþk; manRbRktIeZVIkic©

EdlminsmKYreLIy eXIjjatiNamkehIy k*min

ham RbkarenHCavtþbdibtþirbs´smN;TaMgLayEdl

CaRBHGriy; GñkmanZm(es μ IedayCIvitßhñ@ .

nayecareJlza ?

GZimutþk;manRbRktI eBalJküBit eXIjjatiNa

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ehIy k*minham eRJHkarRbRBwtþesckþIlÁrbs´GZi-

mutþk; CaPik¡ úGñkmanRbRktIeBalJküBit . CnTaMg

GsĆajatirbs´GZimutþk;rYcputP&yehIy sUmRbkb

edayesckþIsuxcuH .

jatiTaMgenaH EdlecarTaMgLayedaHElgorYcxøÜnehIy eday

GakaryägenH eTAehIyeJlnwgGZimutþk;za ?

:! CnTaMgGs´rYcputP&yehIy :nesckþIsuxehIy eRJHkar

RbRBwtþlÁrbsélakCaPik¡úEdleJlvacastü; .

BYkecarTaMg 500 RCHzøaehIy eTIbsUmbYskñúgsmñak´rbs´

sameNreQ μaH GZimutþk; . sameNreTIbnaMsisSTaMgenaHeTAkan´

smñak´RBHóbCÄay¾ ehIyxøÜnk*óbsm|Tamun xageRkaymk eTIbeZVI

karóbsm|TaoGenþvasikrbs´xø Ün manRbmaNTaMg 500 enaH .

GenþvasikTaMgGsénaH taMgenAkñúgOvaTrbs´GZimutþketær; k*seRmc

RBHGrhtþmanpld*RbesIr dUecñH .

eTvta kanýkesckþIenHehIy RkabTUlRBHmanRBHPaKza

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stM sTÆm μmBa¦ay jatimeCÄ vieracti ERbza buK<ldwgRBHsTÆm μ

rbs´BYksb|úrsehIy rEmgruger]gkñúgkNþalénjati dUecñH .

kñúglMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t :neJlKazaenH kñúgsmñak´

RBHmanRBHPaKza buK<lKYrGg<úyrYmnwgBYksb|úrs .l. rEmgtaMg

enACasuxer]y> .

Jküza sattM enH ERbza er]y> KW eTvtarEmgeJlza

CnTaMgLayrEmgtaMgenACasuxer]y> ßza manesckþIsuxd*yWnyUr .

lMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t:neJlKazaenH kñ úgsmñak´

RBHmanRBHPaKza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK Jkürbs´GñkNahñ@ CasuPa-

sit .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za Jkürbs´BYkGñkTaMgGsĆasuPasit

edaybriyay k*bu ËnþBYkGñkcUrsþab´Jkürbs´tzaKtvijza ?

[86] buK<lKYrGg<úyrYmnwgBYksb|úrs KYreZVIesckþIsñiTÆsñal

nwgBYksb|úrs buK<lRCabc|asńUvRBHsTÆm μrbs´BYksb|úrsehIy

rEmgputcakTuk¡TaMgBYg .

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bTza sBVasM eva ERbza rbs´BYkGñkTaMgGs´ . bTza

briyaeyn :ndl´ edayehtu . bTza sBVTuk¡a bmuc©ti ERbza

rEmgputcakTuk¡TaMgBYg GZib|ayza minEmnmanehtu KW KuNd*RbesIr

EtmüägbüeNÑaH rEmgmin:nRtwmEtbBa¦amüäg rEmgminesakesAkñúg

kNþaléner]gCaTItaMgénesckþIesakEtmüäg rEmgruger]gkñúgkNþal

énjatiÇÇÇ rEmgekItkñúgsuKtiÇÇÇ minEmntaMgenACasuxGs´kalyUrEt

müäg k*buK<lenaHÉg rEmgrYcputcakvdþTuk¡TaMgGs´ dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa sBiÖsURt TI 1

3

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- 1 9 3 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á m c ä r i s U R t T I 2

G dð k za

mcärisURtTI 2

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg mcärisURtTI 2 teTA ?

[88] bTza mecära c bmkTa c ERbza eRJHesckþIkMNaj´

nigesckþIRbmaT :ndl´ eRJHesckþIkMNaj´ EdlmankarbiT:Mg

dl´sm|tþirbs´xø ÜnTuk Calk¡N; nigeRJHesckþIRbmaT Edlman

karenAR:scaksti Calk¡N; . BitNas´ buK<lxøHKitza kal

eyIgovtæúenH vtæ úenHk*nwgGséTA vtæ úrbséyIg ßvtæúEdlCarbs´

manenAkñ úgpÞHk*nwgminman dUecñH eQ μaHza minoTan eRJHesckþI

kMNaj´ . buK<lxøH sUm|IRtwmEtjúaMgcitþoekIteLIgza eyIgKYro

Tan dUecñH k*minman eRJHxøÜnCaGñkxVl´xVaykñúgkarelgCaedIm enH

eQ μaHza minoTan eRJHesckþIRbmaT .

bTza ÉvM TanM n TIyti ERbza ehtuenH buK<leTIboTan

min:n GZib|ayza Zm μtaza TanenH EdlCaehtunaMmkonUvys

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onUvsirI onUvsm|tþi sUm|IyägenH buK<lk*omin:n eRJHdUecñaH

elakeTIbeJldléhtuénkarmino eRJHesckþIkMNajĆaedIm . bT

za buBa¦ M Gakg¡maenn ERbza buK<lEdlR:zñabuNü KW GñkR:zña

buNüEdlepSgedayectna manbuBVectnaCaedIm . kñúgJküza eTyüM

ehati viC¢anta ERbza dwgc|aséhIy eTIboTanenaH eTvtaeJlza

buK<ldwgc|as´za plrbs´Tanman dUecñH eTIboTan .

[89] lMdabénaH eTvtadéTeT[t:neJlKazaTaMgLaykñúg

smñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza ?

mnusSkMNaj´ P&ycMeBaHehtuNa ehIyminoTan

ehtuenaHÉg CaP&yrbs´Gñkmino buK<lkMNaj´xøac

cMeBaHehtuNa eRBaHesckþIXøan nigeRsk ehtuenaH

Ég EtgBal´RtÚvbuK<lBalkñúgelakenH nigelakmux

eRBaHehtuenaH saZuCnKYrkm©at´bgńUvesckþIkMNaj´

CaGñkRKbsg,tńUvmnÞ il ehIyRtÚvoTan ‘eRBaHza’

buNüTaMgLay CaTIBwgrbs´stVkñ úgelakxagmux .

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bTza temv BlM pusti GZib|ayza esckþIXøan nigesckþI

eRsk rEmgBal´RtÚv KW rEmgCab´tam rEmgminlHbg´buK<lJl

enaHÉg Ta Mgkñ úgelakenH nigelakmux . bTza ts μa :ndl´

k*eRJHesckþIeRsk nigXøan rEmgBal´RtÚvdl´buK<lJlenH n@uHÉg .

bTza vienyü mecärM ERbza buK<lKYrkm©atésckþIkMNaj´ :ndl´

naMesckþIkMNajÉdlCamnÞilecj . bTza TC¢a TanM mlaPiPU

GZib|ayza buK<lEdlkm©at´mnÞil luHkm©at´mnÞil KW esckþIkMNaj´

enaH:nehIy eTIboTan:n .

[90] kñúglMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t :neJlKazaTaMg

Laykñúgsmñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza ?

CnBYkNa kalrbs´mantic k*EbgEcko dUcBYkedIr

pøÚvqáay EbgEckrbsódl´BYkGñkeZVIdMeNIrrYmKña Cn

TaMgenaH kalbuK<lBYkdéTsøabéhIy eQ μaHza rEmg

minsøab´ Zm(enHCaZm(rbs´bNÐitmanmkBIburaN Cn

mYyBYk kalrbs´mantick*EbgEcko CnmYyBYk

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sUm|Irbs´maneRcInk*mino Tk¡iNaTan EdleKEbg

EckGMBIRTBütic ehIyo rEmgmanples μ IKñanwgTan

rab´Ban´ .

bTza et metsu n miyünþi esckþIza buK<lTaMgenaH kal

buK<ldéTsøabéhIy eQ μaHza rEmgminsøab´ eRJHesckþIsøab´ KW

CaGñkmanRbRktIminoTan dUcbuK<lEdlsøabéhIy kalbuK<ldéT

naMvtæ úTaMgLay man:y nigTwkCaedImsUm|IeRcIn mkdak´teRm{bKña

ehIyR:b´za vtæúenHcUrCarbs´GñkenH vtæúenHcUrCarbs´GñkenH dUecñH

buK<lEdlsøabéhIyenaH k*minGaceRkakeLIgmkTTYlkarEckcay

:n yägNa sUm|IbuK<lEdlminoTank*dUcKña eRJHdUecñaH ePaK;

TaMgLayrbs´GñksøabéhIy nigrbs´GñkmanRbRktIminoTan eTIb

eQ μaHza es μ I> Kña edayehtuenaHÉg buK<lEdlmanRbRktIoTan

kalCnTaMgLayEbbenHsøabéhIy eQ μaHza rEmgminsøab´ .

bTza GTÆanMv shavC¢M Gb|sw μ ey bevcänþ i GZib|ayza

mnusSTaMgLayGñkedIrpøÚvknþarrYmKña kales|{gmantic buK<lEdl

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eZVIdMeNIrrYmKñak*EbgEck KW rEmgoTann@uHÉgdl´buK<lEdleZVIdMeNIr

rYmKña yägNa RbkarenHk*dUecñaHÉg buK<lBYkNaeZVIdMeNIrrYmKña

eTAkan´pø Úvknþar KW sgSarEdlmanxagedIm nigxagcugEdlbuK<ldwg

min:n kalvtæúEdlKb|IosUm|Imantic k*EbgEckrbsódlĆn

TaMgenaH kalCndéTsøabéhIy eTIbeQ μaHza rEmgminsøab´ . bT

za És Zem μa snnþena GZib|ayza Zm(enHCarbs´buraN müägeT[t

Zm(enHCarbs´bNÐitCMnanćas´ .

bTza Gb|es μek ERbza buK<lBYkmYy kalrbs´mantic .

bTza bevcänþ i EkCa TTnþi ERbza rEmgo . bTza Bhuenek n

Ticäer ERbza CnBYkmYy manrbséRcInk*mino KWza CnBYkxøHsUm|I

manePaK;eRcInNas´ k*rEmgmino . bTza shesSn smM mita

ERbza rabés μ IedayJn´ KW rEmgmanples μ IKñanwgTanrab´Jn´ .

[91] kñúglMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t :neJlKazaTaMg

Laykñúgsmñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza ?

Tan BYkCnJlkalo o:nedaylM:k kuslZm(

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BYkCnJlkaleZVI eZVI:nedaylM:k BYkGsb|úrs

rEmgeZVItammin:n ‘eRBaH’ Zm(rbs´sb|úrs Edl

BYkGsb|úrsRbRBwtþtam:nedaylM:k eRJHehtu

enaH kareTAGMBIelakenHrbs´BYksb|úrs nigBYkGs-

b|úrs eTIbepSgKña BYkGsb|úrsrEmgeTAkanńrk BYk

sb|úrsrEmgeTAkan´sYK( .

bTza TurnVeya ERbza RbRBwtþtam:nlM:k KW cUldl´:n

edaylM:k GZib|ayza oeBj:nlM:k .

kñúglMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t :nRkabTUlcMeJHRBHman-

RBHPaKza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK Jkürbs´GñkNahñ@ CasuPasit

dUecñH .

[92] RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za Jkürbs´BYkGñkTaMgGs´ Ca

suPasitedaybriyay k*buËnþBYkGñkcUrsþab´Jkürbs´tzaKtvijza

CnNa ciBa© wmPriyapg kalebIRTBümantic enAEto

Tan:npg RbRBwtþZm(:npg RbRBwtþnUvesckþIxVl´

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xVay ‘kñúgkargarpg’ BYkCnEdlmankarbUCarab´Ban´

dl´buK<lmYyEsnnak´ enAEtmindl´mYycMNitrbs´

buK<lyägenaH .

bTza Zm μ M cer :ndl´ rEmgRbRBwtþZm( KW kuslkm μbz

10 .

bTza eyabi smuBa¢kM cer ERbza buK<lNa rEmgRbRBwtþ

sÁat :ndl´ RbRBwtþsÁatedayGMNacénkarCRmHesckþIGaRkk´RKb´

yäg taMgGMBIedImeTA nigedayGMNacénkarjaMjIú dUcCakarbBa¢an´

RsÚvCaedIm . bTza TarM c e:sM EkCa TarM c e:esenþa ERbza

ciJ©wmrkSaPriya . bTza TTM Gb|ksw μ ERbza kalrbs´mantic

k*o:n :ndl´ buK<lNasUm|ImanRtwmEtsøwkeQI nigbEnøCaedIm

mantic k*eZVIkarEbgEcko:nn@uHÉg buK<lenaHeQ μaHza rEmgRbRBwtþ

Zm( . bTza stshsSanM ERbza kalbursmYyEsnnak´ KW burs

EdlelakEbgEckecjCaBYk mYyJn´> rab´:nCary eTIbeQ μaHza

bursmYyEsn .

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bTza shsSyaKinM ERbza karbUCarab´Jn´ manvieRKaHza

eQ μaHza karbUCamYyJn´ eRJHGtæza karbUCaPik¡ úmYyJn´Gg< ßza

karbUCaEdlekItBIkarbric©aKRTBümYyJn´khabN; . karbUCamYy

JnénaH mandl´Pik¡ úenaH ehtuenaH Pik¡ úenaH eTIbeQ μaHza mankar

bUCamYyJn´ . edaybTza

karbUCarab´Jn´dl´buK<lmYyEsnnak´ CakarsEmþg

dl´biNÐ:t 10 ekadi1 . ßza 10 ekadiénkhabN;

Rtas´za buK<lBYkNarEmgorbs´manRbmaNbüeNÑH

buK<lTaMgenaH enAEtmindl´mYycMNiténbuK<lenaH

:n . buK<lNa sUm|IkalRbRBwtþZm( rEmgRbRBwtþ

sÁat ciJ©wmrkSaPriya sUm|Irbs´mantick*o:n kar

bUCarab´JnénaH rEmgmindl´mYycMNit énbuK<lEdl

RbRBwtþZm(enaH .

1- Jküza 10 ekadienH sMedAykcMENkEdloplmYyJn´ ehIyKuNnwgburs mYyEsn’ .

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müägeT[t TanNaRtwmEtrbs´buK<lCitditKña RtwmEtmñak´kþ I

RtwmEtCaslakPtþkþ I EdlbuK<lRklM:koehIy TanTaMgLayén

buK<lTaMgenaHsUm|ITaMgGs´ TanTaMgGsénH sMedAykTanEdlbuK<l

mankarbUCarab´Ban´dl´buK<lmYyEsnnak´ rEmgmindl´mYycMNit

rbs´TanEdlbuK<lRklM:k ‘CaGñkRbRBwtþZm(’ oehIy .

eQ μaHza klM ERbza cMENkmYyenaH EbgEckecjCa 16

cMENkxøH Ca 100 cMENkxøH Ca 1Ç000 cMENkxøH kñ úgTIenH

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´kanýkcMENkénryRtas´za TanNa EdlbuK<l

RklM:kenaHoehIy eRJHTanenaH elakEckehIyCarycMENk kar

obiNÐ:tedayrYmTaMg 10 ekadi rbs´buK<lenH k*mindl´mYycMNit

énTan EdlbuK<lRklM:kenaHoehIy .

[93] kalRBHtzaKt RTgéZV InUvTanEdlrktémømin:nyäg

enHehIy eTvtaGñkEdlkñúgTICit eTIbKitza RBHmanRBHPaK júaMg

mhaTanyägenH oRbRBwtþeTAedayKazamYy:T dUcykrtn;vtæúTaMg

rye:HcUleTAkñúgnrk sUm|IeRcInyägenH enAEtmanRbmaNticyäg

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enH dUcRbharmNÐlénRBHcnÞ eTIbeJlKazaza ?

y&Ba¦enaH manpld*TUlayeRcInEdr enAEtmindl´Tan

EdlbuK<loehIyedayZm(d*es μ I etIedayehtudUcemþc

buK<lbUCarab´Ban´ dl´buK<lmYyBanńakénaH enAEt

mindl´mYycMNitrbs´buK<lyägenaH etIdUcemþc .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza ekn ERbza eRJHehtuGV I . bTza

mhK<eta ERbza ZMsem|Im enHCaJküevvcn;rbs´Jküza TUlay .

BIrbTza semn TinñsS ERbza énTanEdlbuK<loedaykarRbRBwtþ .

[94] lMdabénaHRBHmanRBHPaK kalRTgńwgEckTan sEmþg

dléTvtaenaH eTIbRtas´za

TTnþi ehek visem nividða

XtVa vZitVa Gz esacyitVa

sa Tk¡iNa GsSúmuxa sTNÐa

semn TinñsS n GKÇem .

buK<lBYkmYy :nsæitenAs)b´kñ úgZm(mines μ I vayeK

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smøabéK eZVIoeKesakesAehIyoTan TanenaHeQ μaH

za manmuxEdleCakedayTwkEPñk CaTanRbkbeday

GaC\a eTIbmindl´témøénTanEdlbuK<loehIy eday

Zm(d*es μ I .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza visem nividð M ERbza :nsæitenAs)b´

kñ úgZm(mines μ I :ndl´ taMgmaMkñ úgkaykm μ vcIkm μ nigmenakm μ Edl

rkesckþIsáb´min:n . bTza XtVa enH EkCa e:eztVa ERbza

vayehIy . bTza vZitVa ERbza smøabéhIy KW eZV Iosøab´ .

bTza GsSúmuxa ERbza manmuxeCakedayTwkEPñk BitehIy Tan

EdleZVIoGñkdéTERskyM ehIyo RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za Tanman

muxeCakedayTwkEPñk . bTza sTNÐa ERbza RbRBwtþeTAeday

GaC\a . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za Tk¡iNaEdlbuK<lKMramGñkdéTehIy

RbharehIy eTIbo ehAza Tk¡iNaRbRBwtþeTAedayGaC\a .

RBHd*manRBHPaK kalnwgRTg´sEmþgesckþIenH yägenHza

tzaKtminGackanýkmhaTanehIy oeQ μaHza manpltic ßTan

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Edltic oeQ μaHza manpleRcIneRJHRBHsm μasm¬úTÆ k*bu Ënþmha-

TanenH eQ μaHza manplticyägenH eRJHPaBminbrisuTÆiekIteLIg

dl´xøÜn TanticenH eQ μaHza manpleRcInyägenH eRJHPaBbrisuTÆ i

ekIteLIgdl´xø Ün dUecñH eTIbRtas´Jküza edayn&yyägenH

BYkCn EdlmankarbUCarab´Ban´ dl´buK<lmYyEsn

nak´ enAEtmindl´mYycMNitrbs´buK<lyägenaH:n .

cb;Gdækfa mcärisURt TI 2

3

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- 2 0 5 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á s a F u s U R t T I 3

G dð k za

saZusURtTI 3

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg saZusURtTI 3 teTA ?

[98] bTza óTanM óTaensi EkCa óTaharM óTahari :ndl´

niyayelIkxøÜnmkGag . dUcCa buK<lrEmgminGacnwgkanýkRbmaN

eRbgEdltic:n eRJHRCÜtRCabeTA elakehAeRbgenaHza CacMENk

Edlsl´Biess buK<lNaminGackanýksmuRTEdlmanTwkeRcIn

yägNa eRJHhUrCn´liceTA elakehATwkenaHza OX; yägNa

hTy;Na rEmgminGacnwgetag ‘hamXat´’ JküEdlekItGMBIbIti

Tuk:n eRJHCaJküEdlmankmøaMgéRkElg Gt´RTaMenAxagkñúgmin:n

rEmgecjmkxageRkA elakeTIbehAJküenaHza óTan dUecñaHEdr eTvta

enaHbnøWóTan kanýknUvJküEdlekItGMBIbItiEbbenH . kñúglMdab´

enaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t :nbnøWóTankñúgsmñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza

Tan CakarRbéBNas´ kalEdlmanR:k´ticenAEto

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:n CakarRbéB mYyeT[t karoedaysTÆa CakarRbéB

BYkGñkR:C\eBalza Tan nigcm|aMg mankmøaMges μ IKña

BYksb|úrssUm|ImanKñatic rEmgQñHBYkGsb|úrs

EdlmanKñaeRcIn:n kalebIbuK<lNaeC] ‘km μpl’

ehIyoTansUm|ItictYc buK<lenaHrEmg:nesckþIsux

kñ úgelakxagmux eRBaHEtTanenaHÉg .

bTza sTÆaybi sahu TanM ERbza TanEdloedaysTÆa Ca

karRbéB :ndl´ TanEdlbuK<l eC]km μ nigplrbs´km μehIyo

CakarRbéB KW Cakm μEdlceRmIndl´xø Ün:n .

bTza Ghu EkCa keznþi ERbza rEmgeJl . sYrza ehtuGV I

Tan nigcm|aMgTaMgBIrenaH eTIbeQ μaHza es μ IKña . eqø Iyza eRJHza

buK<lEdlxøackñúgCIvit rEmgminGacnwgc|aMg buK<lEdlxøackarGs´

k*rEmgminGacnwgoTan .

BitNas´ kalbuK<leJlza x\ú MnwgrkSaCIvitpg c|aMgpg dUecñH

rEmgminc|aMg EtbuK<llHbgésckþIGal&ykñúgCIvit ehIyjúaMgósSah¾

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oekIteLIgza sUm|IeyIgRtÚvdac´Gvyv; ßsøab´k*eday eyIgnwgRtÚv

dl´PaB«tsar;enaH dUecñH rEmgc|aMg . buK<lkaleJlza eyIg

nwgrkSaePaK;TaMgLaypg nigoTanpg dUecñH eQ μaHza rEmgmino

Tan EtbuK<llHbgésckþIGal&ykñúgePaK;TaMgLay nigmanósSah¾

za eyIgnwgomhaTan dUecñH eQ μaHza rEmgoTan . Tan nigcm|aMg

rEmges μ IKñasUm|IedayGakaryägenH . JküGVI> EdlnwgKb|IeJl

oéRkElgCagenH rEmgminman .

bTza Gb|abi snþa Bhuek CinM ERbza BYksb|úrssUm|Iman

Kñatic rEmgQñHBYkGsb|úrsEdlmanKñaeRcIn:n GZib|ayza BYk

vIrburssUm|ImanKñatic k*Gacc|aMgQñHBYkGñkmanesckþIP&yxøacEdl

manKñaeRcIn:n yägNa buK<lEdldl´RBmedaysTÆa k*dUecñaH .

kalRTBümanticehIyo rEmgjaMjIúesckþIkMNaj´:neRcIn

TaMgjúaMgplrbs´Tan:neRcIn . Tan nigcm|aMg eTIbes μ IKñasUm|Ieday

GakaryägenH . edayehtuenHÉg eTvtaeTIbeJlza ebIbuK<lman

sTÆa rEmgovtæúsUm|Itic:n dUecñH . k*edIm|IRbkasesckþIenHza

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eRJHdUecñaHÉg TaykenaH rEmgCaGñkmanesckþIsuxkñúgelakxagmux

dUecñH Kb|IjúaMger]gÉksadkRBah μN¾oBisþar . bTza Zm μlTÆsS

ERbza GñkmanZm(Edl:nehIy :ndl´ buK<lEdlmanePaK; :n

ehIyedayZm(Edlsáb´ nigbuK<lEdlmanZm(:nehIy . kñúgesckþI

enH buK<lmanZm(EdlseRmcehIy CaRBHGriybuK<l eQ μaHza Gñk

manZm(Edl:nehIy . eRJHdUecñaH TanEdlbuK<lmanePaK;:n

ehIyedayZm( rEmgodl´RBHGriybuK<lmanZm(:nehIy elak

eJlza sUm|IRbkarenaH k*CakarlÁ . esckþIkñ úgbTKazaza buK<l

Na rEmgoTandl´GñkmanZm(Edl:nehIy sUm|IenH k*mann&yenH

Ég . bTza ódðanvIriyaZiKtsS :ndl´ GñkmanePaK;EdlseRmc

ehIy edayesckþIts)UBuHBar nigesckþIBüayam . bTza evtrNI

‘eQ μaHnrkmYyreNþAEdlmanTenø’ enHCaRbZanéneTsnabüeNÑaH .

GZib|ayza k*buK<lenaH QanknøgeTA:nedayRbkarTaMgBYg KW reNþA

nrkrbsésþcym; eQ μaHza evtrNIxøH namhanrk 31 mansBa¢I-

vnrk nigkaLsutþnrkCaedImxøH .

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[100] kñúglMdabénaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t :nbnøWóTankñúg

smñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza

bBiRtRBHGg<GñkniT(uk¡ .l. orbsÉdl:nmkeday

Zm( CakarRbéB büEnþkarBicarNaehIyo eTIbCakar

RbéBBit eRBaHTanEdlbuK<lBicarNaehIyo RBH-

suKtRTg´sresIr .

bTza viecyü TanM ERbza TanEdlbuK<lBicarNaehIyo .

kñúgesckþIenH :ndl´ TanEdlbuK<lBicarNaehIyoenaH man 2

yäg KW BicarNaTk¡iNa ‘rbs´sRmabéZV IbuNü’ 1 ç BicarNaRBH-

Tk¡ieNyübuK<l ‘buK<lEdlKYrTTYlrbséZV IbuNü’ 1 .

kñúgBIryägenaH karnaMbc©&yTaMgLayEdlGaRkkécj ehIy

eRCIserIsykrbsÉdlRbNIt> zVaydl´RBHTk¡ieNyübuK<l TaMg

enaHeQ μaHza karBicarNaTk¡iNa . karev[rbuK<lTaMgLayeRkAGMBI

sasnaenH EdlmansIlvibtþiehIy nigbuK<lEdlminRbkbeday

KnøgZm( ehIyzVayTandl´bBVCitkñúgRBHsasna Gñkdl´RBmeday

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sIlaTiKuN eQ μaHza karBicarNaTk¡ieNyübuK<l . edayGakar

TaMgBIryägenH eQ μaHza Tan EdlbuK<lBicarNaehIyo . bTza

suKtb|sdðM ERbza RBHsuKtRTg´sresIrehIy . k*eTvtaeJldl´

karBicarNaTk¡iNa ‘rbséZVIbuNü’ edayJküza BICani vutþani yza

enH ERbza dUcBUCEdlsabeRJHehIy GZib|ayza eTyüZm( KW

vtæúeZVIbuNüEdlRbNIt> dUckarBicarNaBUCEdlsabeRJHehIy .

bTza :eNsubi saZu sMyema ERbza esckþIsRgÜmkñúg

stVTaMgLayCakarRbéB KWza manesckþIsRgÜmkñúgstVTaMgLay k*

rEmgCakm μEdlceRmIn .

[101] eTvtaenH kalnwgQanknøgGanisgSrbs´Tan Edl

BYkeTvtadéTeJlehIy edIm|IeJldl´GanisgSénsIl eTIbepþ Im

Jküza

eya :NPUtani GehfyM crM

brUbvaTa n kerati :bM

PIru M bsMsnþi n hi ttæ sUrM

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Pya hi senþa n keranþ i :bM .

buK<lNa RbRBwtþxøÜnCaGñkmineb[teb[nstVTaMgLay

mineZVI:b eRJHxøacesckþItiHed[lGMBIGñkdéT bNÐit

TaMgLayrEmgsresIrdl´buK<lEdlxøac:b Etmin

sresIrbuK<lEdlekø{vkøakñúgkareZVI:benaH sb|úrs

TaMgLay rEmgmineZV I:b eRJHesckþIxøac:b .

Jküza GehzyM crM EkCa Gvihwsenþa crmaena ERbza

CaGñkminRbRBwtþeb[teb[n . bTza brUbvaTa ERbza eRJHxøacesckþI

tiHed[lGMBIbuK<ldéT . bTza Pya :ndl´ óbvaTP&y ‘P&y KW

esckþItiHed[l’ .

[103] bTza Tana c exa Zm μbTM v eseyüa ERbza bTén

Zm(b¨ ueNÑaH RbesIrCagTan KWza bTénZm( eJlKW RBHniBVann@ uHÉg

RbesIrCagTan .

bTza bueBVv hi buBVterv senþa ERbza eRJHza sb|úrs

TaMgLaykñúgkalmunkþI kalmuneTAeT[tkþI GZib|ayza kñúgkalmun

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KW kalénRBHBuTÆRBHnamza ksSb;CaedIm nigkñ úgkalmuneTAeT[t

KW kñ úgkalénRBHBuTÆRBHnamza ekanaKmn;CaedImkþI bNÐitTaMgenaH

sUm|ITaMgGs´ eQ μaHza Casb|úrskñúgkalmun ßkñúgkalmuneTAeT[t

enaHÉg dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa saFusURt TI 3

3

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- 2 1 3 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á n s n þ i s U R t T I 4

G dð k za

nsniþsURtTI 4

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg nsnþisURtTI 4 teTA ?

[105] bTza kmnIyani ERbza Garm μN¾CaTItaMgénesckþI

R:zña :ndl´ Garm μN¾EdlKYrR:zña manrUbCaedIm . bTza Gbu-

naKmnM GnaKnþ%a buriesa mc©úeZyüM :ndl´ minmkdl´RBHniBVan

eJlKW CaTIminRtLb´mkeT[t EtGnÞak´énmc©ú eJlKW vdþ;EdlRbRBwtþ

eTAkñ úgPUmi 3 BitNas´ buK<lEdlseRmcRBHniBVanehIy rEmgmin

RtLb´mkeT[t dUecñaH elakeTIbehAniBVanenaHza GbunaKmn; ERbza

CaTIminRtLb´mkeT[t . GZib|ayza buK<lEdlCabĆMJkéhIy Ca

GñkRbmaTehIykñúgkamTaMgLay eQ μaHza rEmgminmk KW minGac

seRmcRBHniBVanenaH eRJHehtuenaH elakeTIbeJlyägenH . bT

za qnÞCM ERbza ekItBIqnÞ; GZib|ayza ekIteRJHtNØaqnÞ; .

bTza GXM ERbza Tuk¡ KW bJ©k¡nÆ bTTI 2 ‘Tuk¡’ Caevvcn;

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énbJ©k¡nÆenaHÉg . bTza qnÞvinya GXvineya ERbza eRJHkm©at´

qnÞ;ecj eTIbkm©at´bJ©k¡nÆ:n GZib|ayza eRJHkm©at´tNØa:n

eTIbkm©at´bJ©k¡nÆ:n . bTza GXvinya Tuk¡vineya ERbza eRJH

km©at´bJ©k¡nÆ:n eTIbkm©at´Tuk¡:n GZib|ayza eRJHkm©at´ bJ©-

k¡nÆ:n vdþTuk¡rEmgCakarEdlxøÜnkm©at´:nehIydUcKña .

bTza ci®tþani ERbza Garm μN¾EdllÁTaMgLay . bTza

sg,b|raeKa ERbza teRmkEdlsm|yutþedayesckþIRtiHriH kñ úgTI

enH elakbdiesZvtæúTaMgLay ‘vtæúkam’ ehIyeJlza teRmkEdl

sm|yutþedayesckþIRtiHriH yägenHza Cakielskam . esckþIenH

bNÐitKb|IoCakć|asédaybsursURt . BitNas´ kalRBHezr;

‘RBHsarIbuRt’ eJlza esckþIRtiHriH nigteRmk Cakamrbs´burs

bsurbriBVaCkk*eJlza Zm(BYkNamanGarm μN¾lÁ Zm(TaMgenaH min

Emnkam elakeJlza esckþIRtiHriH nigteRmkkñúgelakza Cakam

CaesckþIRtiHriH ebIdUecñaH sUm|IPik¡úCasisSrbsélak k*Kb|IbriePaK

kamkñúgGkuslvitk,; dUecñH lMdabénaHRBHezr;:n eJlnwgbsur-

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briBVaCkenaHza RbsinebIGarm μN¾BYkNalÁ Garm μN¾BYkenaH minEmn

kamEmnenaH elakk*minRtÚveJldlésckþIRtiHriH nigteRmkza Ca

kamkñ úgelak kalbuK<leXIjrUbTaMgLay EdlCaGarm μN¾pøÚvcitþ

sUm|IRBHsasþak*Rtas´za kamePaKI Kb|ImandléK dUecñH kalbuK<l

sþab´sMeLgTaMgLay hitkøinRkGUbTaMgLay Pøk´rsTaMgLay Bal´

RtÚvsmö&sSTaMgLay EdlCaGarm μN¾pøÚvcitþ sUm|IRBHsasþak*Rtas´

za kamePaKI Kb|ImandléK dUecñH .

bTza Geztæ ZIra ERbza buK<lEdlmanbJ¦aTaMgLay rEmg

km©at´qnÞ;kñúgGarm μN¾TaMgLayenaHedayBit GZib|ayza bNÐitTaMg

Lay rEmgkm©at´qnÞraK;kñúgGarm μN¾TaMgLayenaHedayBit . bTza

sMeyaCnM sBVM :ndl´ seJ¦aCn;sUm|ITaMg 10 yäg . bTza

GkiBa©nM :ndl´ ev[rcakkielsCaeRK}gkgVl´TaMgLay manraK;

CaedIm . bTza nanubtnþi Tuk¡a ERbza Tuk¡TaMgLay rEmgminZøak´dl´

buK<lenaH KWza vdþTuk¡TaMgLay rEmgmin ZøakéTAelIbuK<lenaH .

[106] RBHezr;eQ μaHza emaXraC GñkqøatkñúgGnusnÆi sþab´

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Kazaza xINasvPik¡ úlHbJ¦tþ iecjehIy dUecñH manstikMNt´Kaza

sUm|ITaMgenaHehIy eTIbKitza esckþIénKazaenH mineTAtamGnusnÆi

dUecñH kalnwgbnþGnusnÆitamEdlRbRBwtþeTAyägNa eTIbeBalJkü

yägenHza RbsinebIBYkeTvta BYkmnusSkñ úgelakenH ßkñúgelak

déTkþI min:neXIj RBHxINaRsBenaH CaGñkótþmCagnrCn Gñk

RbRBwtþRbeyaCn¾edIm|IBYknrCn GñkrYcputehIyyägenaH eTvta nig

mnusSBYkNa rEmgzVaybg<MRBHxINaRsBenaH eTvta nigmnusSTaMg

enaH rEmgCaGñkEdlbNÐitKb|IsresIr .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza «Z va hurM va ERbza kñ úgelakenH

ßkñúgelakdéT . bTza nrutþmM GtæcrM nranM ERbza CaGñkótþmCag

nrCn CaGñkRbRBwtþRbeyaCn¾edIm|InrCnTaMgLayenaH sUm|Ik*Bit Et

RBHezr; k*min:nsMedAykRBHxINaRsBdéT sMedAykRBHTsBl

büeNÑaH . bTza eytM nmsSnþi bsMsiya et ERbza BYkeTvta

nigBYkmnusSNa rEmgzVaybg<MRBHxINaRsBenaH CaGñkrYcputehIy

yägenaH GZib|ayza rEmgzVaybg<MRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGg<enaH eday

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kay ßedayvaca ßza edaykarbdibtþitamedayBit BYkeTvta nig

mnusSTaMgenaH Kb|ICaGñkEdlbNÐitKYrsresIrßeT .

[107] bTza Pik¡ú CaJküEdlRBHmanRBHPaK RtaséhARBH-

emaXraCetær . bTza GBa¦ay Zm μ M ERbza dwgnUvZm( KW :ndl´

dwgsc©Zm(TaMg 4 . bTza sg<atIta etbiPvnþ i ERbza sUm|IeTvta

nigmnusSTaMgLayenaHÇÇÇ rEmgCaGñkknøgbgńUvZm(CaeRK}gCMJk´

GZib|ayza eTvta nigmnusSBYkNa rEmgzVaybg<MRBHmanRBHPaK

enaH edaykay ßedayvaca ßza edaykarbdibtþ itam eTvta nig

mnusSTaMgenaH dwgsc©Zm( 4 nigvicikicäaehIy rEmgCaGñkknøgput

nUvZm(CaeRK}gCabĆMJk´xøH rEmgCaGñkEdlbNÐit Kb|IsresIrxøH

dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa nsniþsURt TI 4

3

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G dð k za

óCÄansJ¦IsURtTI 5

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg óCÄansJ¦IsURtTI 5 teTA ?

[108] bTza óCÄansBa¦ika ERbza CaGñkmanesckþIsm<al´

kñúgkareBaleTas GZib|ayza eTvelak eQ μaHza óCÄansJ¦I Edl

epSgBIeTvelakdéTenaHminman k*bu Ënþza eTvtaTaMgenHGaRs&ykar

briePaKbc©&y 4 rbs´RBHtzaKt ehIymkeBaleTas . :n»za

eTvtaenaH manesckþIRtiHriHyägenHza RBHsmNeKatm Kb|IeJl

lYgelamomanesckþIsenþas edaybgSúkUlcIvr edaydMu:yEdl

rkmk:nedaykarbiNÐ:t edaykarenAesnasn;KléQI eday

zñaMRtaMedayTwkmURtsÁúy nigrEmgeJlsresIrbuK<lEdljúaMgkic©

enaHoseRmcdl´kMBUl EtRBHGg<RTRTgćIvrEdlRbNIt mansMBt´

examB®sþsac´lÁitRbePTlÁCaedIm rEmgesayePaCnd*RbesIr Edl

smKYrdl´RBHraCa rEmgpÞMelIRBHbnÞMd*RbesIrkñ úgRBHKnÆkudi EdlKYr

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- 2 1 9 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á ] C Ä a n s B a Ø I s U R t T I 5

CavimanrbséTvta rEmgesayePsC¢;TaMgLay manTwkedaHzøa Twk

edaHxabĆaedIm rEmgsEmþgZm(dl´mhaCnkñúgeBlézá Jkürbs´RBHGg<

nwgkareZVIrbs´RBHGg< RbRBwtþeTAepSgKña yägdUecñH eTvtaenaH eTIb

mkRbkaseBaleTasRBHtzaKt edayehtuenaH RBHZm μsg<ahk-

etærTaMgLay eTIbehAeQ μaHeTvtaTaMgenaHza óCÄansBa¦ ika ERbza

CaGñkmanesckþIsm<al´kñ úgkareBaleTas dUecñH .

[109] bTza GBa¦za snþM ERbza manedayGakaryägdéT

KW :ndl´ RbRBwtþeTAedayGakaryägdéT . bTza nikc© ERbza

e:kbeBaäat :ndl´ kare:kbeJäatbnøMeKsuI . bTza kitvesSv

enH eTvtaeJlza dUcRJnbkSIbeBaäatcab´bkSI . BitNas´ RJn

enaH kalenAkñ úgTIminmanKum¬eQI k*cUleTAsEmþgdUclk¡N;énKum¬

eQIehIybiT:MgxøÜneday Emk nigsøwkeQICaedIm júaMgstVTaMgLay

manstVekáak nigstVTTaCaedImosøab´ eZVIkarciJ©wmPriya . buK<l

EdlkuhkbiT:MgGtþPaBedaysMBt´bgSúkUl beBaäatmhaCn eRJH

xø ÜnCaGñkqøatkñúgkarniyay TMJrsuIehIyRtacéTA karsuIenaH rbs´

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buK<lenaHdUclYc TaMgkarbriePaKbc©&y 4 sUm|ITaMgGs´ k*dUclYc

dUckarsuIsac´stVrbs´RJnstV CaGñkbeBaäatstVyägenH eTvta

eJlGMBIkare:kbeBaäatenH edayRbkardUecñH edaysMedAykRBH-

manRBHPaK . bTza briCannþi bNÐita ERbza bNÐitTaMgLay rEmg

s<al´buK<lenaH GZib|ayza bNÐitTaMgLay rEmgdwgza buK<lenH

CaGñkeZV I ‘KWeZV IGMeBINa RtÚvniyaycMeBaHGMeBIenaH’ ßmineZV I ‘KWmin

eZVIGMeBINa minRtÚvniyaycMeBaHGMeBIenaHeT’ dUecñH . edayehtuenH

Ég eTvtaTaMgenaHsm<al´za sUm|IRBHtzaKtrbs´BYkeyIgn@uHÉg k*

CabNÐit eTIbeJlehIyyägenaH .

[110] lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK eTIbRtas´Jküza ?

nyiTM Pasitmetþn Éknþsvenn va

Gnuk,mitev sk,a yayM bdibTa TL$a

yay ZIra bmuc©nþ i Qayiena marBnÆna

n ev ZIra bkuBVnþ i viTitVa elakbriyayM

GBa¦ay niBVúta ZIra tiNÑa elaka vistþikM .

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buK<lNa> minGacRbRBwtþrbdibTaenH edayehtuRtwm

Etniyay ßRtwmEtsþab´ buK<lEdlmanbJ¦aTaMgLay

CaGñkmanQan rEmgputBIeRK}gcgrbs´mar eday

bdibTad*maM buK<lEdlmanbJ¦aTaMgLay RCabkar

RbRBwtþeTArbsélakehIy :ndwgnUvcturariysc©;

CaGñkrlt´kiels qøgnUvtNØaCaeRK}gCabĆMJk´kñ úg

elakehIy rEmgminniyay edayBit .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza yayM bdibTa TL$a GZib|ayza

bdibTaenH KW karbdibtþiZm(smKYrdl´Zm( BitehIy buK<lTaMgLay

manbJ¦a KW bNÐitTaMgLayCaGñkmaMTaM manQanTaMg 2 KW Ga-

rm μNUbniCÄan niglk¡NUbniCÄan rEmgrYcputBIeRK}gcgrbs´mar:n

edaybdibTaNa buK<lminGacnwgseRmc KW bdibtþibdibTaenaHeday

RtwmEtniyay ßRtwmEtsþab´ .

bTza n ev ZIra bkuBVnþ i esckþIza buK<lEdlmanbJ¦aTaMg

Lay KW bNÐitTaMgLaydwgc|aséhIynUvbriyayénelak ‘viZIkar

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niyayrbs´stVelak’ nigdwgehIynUvkarekIteLIg nigkarvinaseTA

rbs´sg¡arelak eRJHdwgsc©Zm( 4 eTIbniBVanehIy edaykiels-

niBVan CaGñkqøgtNØaCaeRK}gCabĆMJk´kñúgelak rEmgmineZV IyägenH

GZib|ayza tzaKtrEmgminniyayJküEbbenH .

[111] kñúglMdabénaHÉg . eTvtaTaMgenaHcuHmkQrelIEpndI

RkabcuHCitRBH:TTaMgBIrrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK ehIy:nTUlza Gc©-

eya ena PenþGc©Kma CaedIm ERbesckþIza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaKd*

ceRmIn eTasrbs´BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<:nknøgel μ IseTAehIy BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<

CaJl CaGñkvegVgehIy CaGñkminqøat x\M úRBHGg<TaMgLay:nemIl

gayRBHmanRBHPaK bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaKd*ceRmIn sUmRBHmanRBH-

PaKemtþaGtéTasdl´BYkx\ú MRBHGg< edIm|InwgsRgÜmkñúgkalteTA bT

za bfviyM btidðhitVa ERbza QrelIEpndI GZib|ayesckþIza km μ

EdlminsmKYr EdlBYkx\úMRBHGg<eZVIehIy BYkx\úMRBHGg<eRbIJküniyay

ehARBHGg<EdlmineZVIkm μyägenaH edayvaT;za eZVI ehtuenHÉg BYk

x\ ú MRBHGg<x μas TaMgmineZV IesckþIeKarBkñúgRBHmanRBHPaK EdldUcCa

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mhaRBh μ RBHd*manRBHPaKdUcCaKMnrePø Ig EdlcUleTArk:neday

eZVIkarnms,arehIy QancuHGMBIGakasQrelIEpndI . bTza Gc©eya

ERbza eTas :ndl´ karPøa MgPøat´ . bTza ena Gc©K<ma ERbza

rbs´BYkx\ú MEdlknøgel μ IsehIy GZib|ayza BYkx\ú MRBHGg<knøgel μ Is

ehIy eTasenaHRKbsg,t´x\ ú MRBHGg<oRbRBwtþeTA . bTza Gbsa-

eTtBVM ERbza EdlBYkeyIgemIlgay GZib|ayza EdlBYkx\ú MRBHGg<

Kb|IeZV IoRBHGg<Tas´RBHT&y:n . :n»za eTvtaenaHb¨HTg<icRBH-

manRBHPaKedayGakar 2 yäg KW edaykay nigedayvaca kar

minzVaybg<MRBHtzaKt ehIyQrkñúgGakasenH eQ μaHza b¨HxÞbéday

kay kaleTvtaTaMgenaH eJlvacaCavaT;rbs´Gsb|úrs manRbkar

epSg> dUcmnusSGaRkkńaMExlmkkarJrxøÜn eQ μaHza b¨HTg<iceday

vaca . eRJHdUecñaH elakeTIbeJlTukza BYkeTvtaBYkenaHeJlza

BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<TaMgLay :nsm<al´RBHGg<za CaGñkEdlbuK<lKb|I

emIlgay:n . bTza bdiK<NØatu EkCa xmtu ERbza sUmemtþaGt´

nUveTas .

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bTza Gaytw sMvray ERbza edIm|InwgsRgÜmkñúgkalteTA

GZib|ayza edIm|IesckþIsRgÜmkñúgGnaKt nigedIm|ImineZV InUvkMhus

esckþIRbTUsraÿ esckþItiHed[lEbbenHeT[t .

lMdabénaHÉg RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´:neZVIkarjjwmoR:kd

kñúgesckþIenH GZib|ayza RBHmanRBHPaK kalnwgRTg´sEmþgdl´

RBHGg< EdlRTg´mankarTUn μanehIy eTIbsEmþgnUvlk¡N;énesckþI

eRtkGr . sYrza eRJHehtuGV I .

eqø Iyza :n»za BYkeTvtaTaMgenaH sUmoRBHGg<GtéTas

odl´BYkeTvtaedayPav;rbs´xø Ün rEmgeZVIRBHtzaKtEdlCabuK<l

d*RbesIrelIselak RBmTaMgeTvelak odUcCaelakiyCnZm μta

mñak´ .

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaK eTIb:nRTgéZVIkarjjwmoR:kd

edaybMNgza tzaKtnwgsEmþgkmøaMgénRBHBuTÆmun> ehIynwgGt´

eTaskñúgxageRkay edayJküEdlnwgeJlteTAxagmux . bTza

Pieyüaesa mtþay EkCa Gtierkb|maeNn ERbza edayRbmaN

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éRkElg . bTza «mM KazM GPasi ERbza eTvtamYyGg<:neJl

KazaenH GZib|ayza eTvtamYyGg<manesckþIsm<al´za RBHsasþa

enH RTgéRkaZnwgBYkeyIg eTIb:neJlehIy . bTza n bdiK<-

NØati EkCa n xmti ERbza rEmgminGtéTas KW rEmgminelIk

Elg . bTza ekabnþera ERbza buK<lmanesckþIeRkaZEdlekIt

eLIgehIykñúgxagkñ úg . bTza s evrMbdimuc©ti ERbza rEmgRbsBV

nUveB[revra GZib|ayza buK<lenaH KW buK<lmansPaBEbbenH rEmg

RbsBVeB[revra rEmgtaMgTuk rEmgminlHbgńUveB[revraenaHkñ úgxø Ün

dUcbuK<lekItbUs ‘p,ab´mux’ . bTza Gc©eya ec n vieC¢z ERbza

ebIeTasminKb|Iman GZib|ayza ebIkm μ KW karknøgelIsminman

esat . bTza ena cIZ GbhtM siya ERbza kMhusk*minKb|Iman

GZib|ayza eQ μaHza esckþIPøa MgPøat´minKb|Iman .

bTza eknIZ kusela siya ERbza kñ úgelakenH GñkNa

CaGñkqøat eRJHehtuGV I GZib|ayza RbsinebIeB[revraTaMgLaymin

Kb|Isábésat GñkNaKb|ICaGñkqøat eRJHehtuGV I . bTza ksS-

c©ya ERbza eTasTaMgLayrbs´GñkNaminKb|Iman KW :ndl´

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eTas EdlRbRBwtþknøgpø Úvvacarbs´GñkNaminman kMhusrbs´Gñk

Naminman GñkNahñ@ rEmgminRbsBVesckþIvegVg GñkNahñ@ eQ μaH

za CabNÐitrhUtdl´Gs´kalCanic©enaHÉg .

:n»za kareZV InUvkarjjwmoR:kdrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK k*

edIm|InwgRtas´KazaenH . eRJHdUecñaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRTg´man

RBHtRmiHza «LÚvenHtzaKtnwgsEmþgkmøaMgrbs´RBHBuTÆ ehIynwg

GtéTasdl´BYkeTvta eTIbRtas´Jküza tzaKtsS BuTÆsS sBV-

PUtanukm|iena CaedIm ERbesckþIza eTasTaMgLayminman kMhusk*

minmandl´RBHtzaKtenaH CaGñkRtas´dwgehIy CaGñkmanesckþI

GnueRKaHdl´stVTaMgBYg RBHtzaKtenaH rEmgmindlńUvesckþIvegVg

RBHtzaKtenaH rEmgCaGñkmanbJ¦a CaGñkmanstikñ úgkalTaMgBYg

kalRTg´sEmþgeTasehIy ebIbuK<lNamanesckþIeRkaZenAxagkñúg

manesckþIeRkaZxøaMg rEmgminGtéTasobuK<lenaH rEmgRbsBVnUv

eB[revra tzaKtmineRtkGrnUveB[revraenaH tzaKtrEmgGtéTasdl´

GñkTaMgLay .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza tzaKtsS GZib|ayza RBHnamza

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tzaKt edayehtuTaMgLay manJküCaedImyägenHza tza GaK-

etati tzaKeta ERbza eQ μaHza tzaKt eRJHesþcmkehIyyäg

enaH KW esþcmkedIm|IGnueRKaHdlévenyüstV tamRbéBNIrbs´RBH

BuTÆTaMgLaykñúgkalmun . bTza BuTÆsS GZib|ayza RBHman-

RBHPaK manRBHnamEdl:nehIyyägenH edayGMNacénkarEtg

taMgedayviemak¡nþ ijaN edayehtuTaMgLay mankarRtas´dwgsc©;

4 CaedIm .

bTza Gc©yM eTsynþInM ERbza kalRTg´sEmþgeTasehIy

GZib|ayza JküNaEdlGñkTaMgLayeJldl´buK<l EdlsEmþg

eTasehIy buK<lenaHrEmgRbsBVeB[revra eRJHdUecñaH JküenaH

RTg´Rtas´lÁehIy buËnþeyIgrEmgmineRtkGr minR:zñanUveB[revra .

bTza bdiK<NØami evac©yM EkCa tumØakM GbraZMxmami ERbza tzaKt

rEmgGtéTasdl´BYkGñkk dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ]CÄansBaØ IsURtTI 5

3

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G dð k za

sTÆasURtTI 6

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg sTÆasURtTI 6 teTA ?

[115] bTza sTÆa Tutiya burissS ehati ERbza sTÆaCaTI

2 ‘Casmøaj´’ rbs´burs KW :ndl´ kalburseTAkanéTvelak

nigRBHniBVan sTÆarEmgCasmøaj´TIBIr KW rEmgjúaMgkic©rbs´smøaj´

oseRmc . bTza ena ec GsTÆiyM Gvtidðti EkCa yTi GsTÆiyM

n tidðti ERbza ebIGñkminmansTÆataMgenA . bTza yesa ERbza

ys :ndl´ brivar . bTza kitþi ERbza kitþiys :ndl´ kareJl

elIksresIr . bTza ttVsS ehati ERbza rEmgmandléKenaH KW

za tBIenaH rEmgmandléK . bTza nanubtnþisg<a ERbza kiels

CaeRK}gCabĆMJk´ rEmgminmanesckþIRkvl´Rkvay KW :ndl´ kiels

CaeRK}gCabĆMJk´ 5 yäg manraK;CaeRK}gCabĆMJkĆaedIm rEmg

mincUldl´ .

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- 2 2 9 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á s T § a s U R t T I 6

[116] RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za BYkCnJlGñkGab´«tR:C\a

rEmgRbkbesckþIRbmaT cMENkGñkR:C\ rEmgrkSaesckþIminRbmaT

dUcbuK<lrkSaRTBüd*RbesIr buK<lkuMtamRbkbesckþIRbmaT nigkuMtam

RbkbesckþIsñiTÆsñal edayGMNacesckþIeRtkGrkñúgkam eRJHza

buK<lminRbmaTehIy CaGñkmanQan ‘mankarsmøwgBinitü’ rEmg

seRmcbrmsux .

bTza bmaTmnuyuBa¢nþ i ERbza rEmgtamRbkbesckþIRbmaT

GZib|ayza CnBYkNarEmgeZVI KW rEmgoesckþIRbmaTekIteLIg Cn

TaMgenaHeQ μaHza rEmgtamRbkbnUvesckþIRbmaTenaH . bTza ZnM

esdðMv rk¡ti ERbza dUcbuK<lrkSaRTBüd*RbesIr KW :ndl´ dUcbuK<l

rkSaRTBüd*ótþm manEkvmukþa nigEkvmNIEdlmansar;CaedIm . bT

za Qayenþa ERbza CaGñkmanQan :ndl´ lk¡NUbniCÄan nig

Garm μNUbniCÄan kñúgQan 2 yägenaH vibsSna mK< nigpl

eQ μaHza lk¡NUbniCÄan . BitNas´ vibsSna eQ μaHza lk¡NU-

bniCÄan eRJHGtæza cUleTAsmøwgdl´lk¡N;TaMgbI . mK< eQ μaHza

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lk¡NUbniCÄan eRJHGtæza rEmgoseRmcnUvbhankic© Edlmkdl´

ehIyedayvibsSna . pl eQ μaHza lk¡NUbniCÄan eRJHGtæza

rEmgcUleTAsmøwgnUvnieraZsc©; EdlCatzlk¡N; . Et smabtþi 8

bNÐitKb|IRCabza CaGarm μNUbniCÄan eRJHcUleTAsmøwgGarm μN¾

énksiN . Grhtþsux eQ μaHza brmsux EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´

bMNgykehIy dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa sT§asURt TI 6

3

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- 2 3 1 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á s m y s U R t T I 7

G dð k za

smysURtTI 7

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg smysURtTI 7 teTA ?

[117] bTza sek,su ERbza kñúgEdnsk,;enH :ndl´ CnbT

mYyEdlCaTIenArbs´raCkumarTaMgLay EdlmaneQ μaHza sk,; eRJH

GaRs&yJküóTanza sküa vt ePa kumara ERbza kumard*ceRmIn

TaMgenH Gachñ@ ‘ßGachñ@’ dUecñH elakeTIbehACnbTenaHza sk,;

tamruL$isBÞsa®sþ . kñ úgTIenH :ndl´ kñ úgCnbTeQ μaHza sk,;

enaH . bTza mhaven ERbza kñ úgéRBZM KW :ndl´ kñ úgéRBZMEdl

CabĆamYynwghimvnþ EdlekIteLIgÉgedayZm μCati minmanGñkNa

daMTuk . bTza seBV ehv Grhenþhi ERbza suTÆEtCaRBHGrhnþ KW

:ndl´ RBHGrhnþEdlseRmcehIykñúgézáEdlRBHGg<Rtas´smy-

sURtn@uHÉg . kñúgsURtenaH manGnubuBVikza KW vacaCaeRK}geJlGMBI

lMdab´ dUcteTAenH ?

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esþcskü; nigekaliy; vivaTKñaer]gbgØÚrTwkcUlERs

:n»za esþcskü; nigekaliy; :nosagTMnb´karBarTwk

mYykEnøgRtg´sÞwg eQ μaH erahiNI EdlenAcenøaHnKrkbilPsþú

nwgekaliynKr ehIyoeZVIsnÞÚgTaMgLay . kñúgRKaenaH Caevla

edImEx 7 ‘ExeCsð’ kalTaMgLay kMBugeRk{msVit km μkrTaMgBIr

RBHnKreTIbRbCu MKña . kñ úgbNþakm μkrTaMgBIrenaH km μkrGñkenAkñ úg

ekaliynKr eJlza TwkenHnaMmkeRbIedIm|IsnÞÚgénBYkeyIgTaMgBIr

nKrnwgminRKb´RKan´ k*snÞÚgrbs´BYkeyIgnwgseRmcedayTwkEdl

hUrmkkñúgpø ÚvEtmYybüeNÑaH sUmBYkelakcUroTwkenHdl´BYkeyIg

dUecñH . km μkrGñkenAkñúgnKrkbilPsþú eJlza kalBYkelakjúaMg

RsÚvoeBjCRgúkehIy k*kanýkkhabN; R:k´ mas EkvBiTUrü

nigelah;TaMgLayTuk cMENkBYkeyIgk*nwgmanRtwmEtkeBa¢ I niglÁI

CaedImenAkñúgéd nwgminGacedIreTACitTVarpÞHrbs´BYkelak sUm|IsnÞÚg

rbs´BYkeyIg k*nwgseRmcedayTwkEdlhUrmkkñúgpø ÚvEtmYyn@uHÉg

sUmBYkelakoTwkenHdl´BYkeyIg dUecñH . km μkrGñkenAkñúgekali-

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ynKr eJlza BYkeyIgmino km μkrGñkenAkñúgnKrkbilPsþú k*eJl

za sUm|IBYkeyIgk*mino eTIbekItkarRbEkkttaMgKña mñakéRkakeLIg

eTARbharmñak´ . sUm|Ikm μkrenaH k*Rbharkm μkrdéT RKaRbharKña

nigKñayägenHehIy k*bnþteTAdlĆati dl´raCRtkUl júaMgkareQøaH

KñaoceRmIneLIg edayRbkardUecñH . km μkrGñkekaliynKreJlza

BYkelakenAkñúgkbilPsþú cab´BYkek μg> eTAKRmam CnBYkNaenArYm

nwgbgbÁÚnRsIrbs´xø Ün CnBYkenaH dUccck dMrITaMgLay esHTaMg

Lay Exl GavuZTaMgLay rbsĆnTaMgenaH nwgeZV IGV IBYkeyIg:n

dUecñH . km μkrrbsésþcskü;TaMgenaH eJlza BYkelakCamnusS

ekIteraKXøg´ nwgBYkek μg> eTAKRmamCnBYkNaGaRs&yenARtgédIm

Rke¶ dUcmnusSGnazaminmanTIeTA dUcCastVtircäan dMrITaMgLay

esHTaMgLay Exl nigGavuZTaMgLayrbsĆnTaMgenaH nwgeZVIGV IBYk

eyIg:n dUecñH . km μkrTaMgenaH GñkxøHk*eTAR:b´dl´GamaRtGñk

RbkbkñúgkargarenaH . BYkGamaRtk*RkabTUldl´raCRtkUl . lMdab´

enaH esþcskü;TaMgLay eJlza BYkeyIgnwgsEmþgkmøaMg nigBl

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rbs´BYkeyIg EdlenArYmKñanwgbgbÁÚnRsITaMgLay dUecñH eRt{mc|aMg

ehIyk*esþcecjeTA . sUm|Iesþcekaliy;TaMgLay k*eJlza BYk

eyIgnwgsEmþgkmøaMg nigBlrbséyIg enARtgékalRBwkS ‘edIm

Rke¶’ dUecñH eRt{mkarc|aMg ehIyk*esþcecjeTA .

RBHmanRBHPaK esþcecjcakRBHmhakruNasmabtþi kñ úg

evlaCitPøWénraRtIehIy RtÜtemIlstVelak RTg´:neXIjCnTaMgenaH

eRt{mc|aMgyägenH ecjeTAehIy RKaRTgéXIjehIy eTIbBica-

rNaza kaltzaKteTAehIy kareQøaHenH nwgsáb´ßeThñ@ dUecñH

RBHGg<RTg´RCabkñúgRBHT&yza tzaKtnwgeTAkñúgTIenaH ehIynwgeJl

Catk 3 Catk edIm|IcUleTArmáab´kareQøaHKña kalenaH vivaTk*

nwgsábćuH tBIenaHtzaKt nwgsEmþgCatk 2 Catk edIm|IsEmþg

esckþIsamK<I ehIynwgsEmþgGtþTNÐsURt sUm|IGñknKrTaMgBIrsþab´

eTsnaehIy k*nwgzVayRBHraCkumarmYynKr 250 Gg< tzaKtnwg

júaMgkumarTaMgenaHobBVC¢a smaKmZMnwgman dUecñH . eRJHdUecñaH

kalGñknKrTaMgBIrenH eRt{mc|aMgehIy RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´min:n

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R:b´GñkNa> RTg´kanýk:Rt nigcIvr edayRBHGg<Égn@uHÉg esþc

eTARbzab´Kg´BtÉPñnkñúgGakas kñúgcenøaHBYkesnamatüTaMgBIrnKr

ehIyRTg´beBa©jqBVNÑrgSI . BYkGñknKrkbilPsþú eXIjRBHman-

RBHPaKehIy Kitza RBHsasþaRTgĆabuK<lRbesIr CaRBHjatirbs´

BYkeyIg esþcmkehIy esckþIEbk:k´Kñarbs´BYkeyIg RBHGg<RTg´

RCabehIyhñ@ dUecñH eTIbKitza k*kalRBHmanRBHPaKesþcmkehIy

BYkeyIgminGacedIm|InwgeRbIs®sþa júaMgsrIr;rbs´GñkdéToZøakéTA

BYkGñkekaliynKr cUrsmøab´BYkeyIg ßcUrdutBYkeyIgk*eday dUecñH

eTIbnaMKñaecalGavuZTaMgLay ehIyGg<úycuH zVaybg<MRBHbrmsasþa .

sUm|IGñkekaliynKr k*KitdUecñaHEdr naMKñaecalGavuZ eTIbGg<úyzVay

bg<MRBHbrmsasþadUcKña .

RBHmanRBHPaK TaMgEdlRTg´RCabehIyn@uHÉg k*Rtas´sYrza

mhabBiRt RBHGg<esþcmkeRJHehtuGVI dUecñH . RBHraCaTUlza bBiRt

RBHmanRBHPaK BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<min:nmkkñúgTIenH edIm|IelgkILaRtg´

kMBg´Twk Rtg´Pñ M Rtg´Tenø ßTsSnaPñ M EtBYkx\ ú MRBHGg<júaMgs®g<amo

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ekIteLIgehIyeTIbmk dUecñH .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sYrza mhabBiRt RBHGg<RTg´GaRs&y

GVI eTIbRTg´vivaTKña . RBHraCaTUlza TwkRBHGg< .

-RBHman ; mhabBiRt TwkmantémøeRcInß .

-RBHraCa ; mantémøticRBHGg< .

-RBHman ; eQ μaHza EpndI mantémø ßmhabBiRt .

-RBHraCa ; mantémøRbmaNmin:n RBHGg< .

-RBHman ; kSRtiy¾TaMgLay mantémøß .

-RBHraCa ; Zm μtaza kSRtiy¾TaMgLay mantémøRbmaNmin

:n .

-RBHman ; mhabBiRt RBHGg<GaRs&yTwkEdlmantémøRtwm

EtbnþicbnþÜcehIyjúaMgkSRtiy¾TaMgLay EdlmantémøRbmaNmin:n

ovinaseTA edIm|IRbeyaCn¾GV I Zm μtaza esckþIeBjRBHT&ykñúgkar

TasÉTgKña rEmgminman mhabBiRt karcgGaXat Edlruk¡eTvta

mYyGg< nigxøaX μ ú M :ncgGaXatKñaehIy eRJHeZVIeB[revrakñúgvtæúEdl

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minKYr edayGMNacénkareQøaHKña karcgGaXatenaH nwgRbRBwtþeTA

rhUtdl´Gs´kb| dUecñH ehIyRtas´ pnÞnCatk .

lMdabénaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za mhabBiRt RBHGg<

minKb|ICaGñkeQ μaHza manbuK<ldéTCabc©&y eRJHza buK<lmanGñk

déTCabc© &yehIy BYkstVctu:TTaMgLaykñúghimvnþ EdlmanTMhM

dléTAbIJnéyaCn¾ eTIb:nnaMKñartéTAkan´mhasmuRT edayJkü

rbs´TnSaytUcmYy eRJHdUecñaHÉg RBHGg<eTIbminKYrmanGñkdéTCa

bc©&y dUecñH ehIyRtas´ bfvióTriynCatk .

lMdabénaHÉg Rtas´za mhabBiRt kñúgkalNa> stVEdl

mankmøaMgexSay eXIjnUveTas eXIjOkasEdlRbTUsraÿ stV

EdlmankmøaMgeRcIn mhabBiRt ßza kñ úgkalNa> stVEdlman

kmøaMgeRcIn eXIjeTas eXIjOkasEdlnwgRbTUsraÿstVEdlman

kmøaMgexSay eRJHza sUm|IstVcabeC[bkb|as k*júaMgdMrIZMosøab´

:n dUecñH ehIyRtas´ ldukikCatk . luHRtasĆatkTaMg 3

edIm|IbMNgdl´karsáb´rmáabńUvvivaTyägenHehIy edIm|IRtÚvkarsEmþg

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esckþIsamK<I eTIbRtasĆatk 2 CatkeT[t . sYrza RBHGg<Rtas´

yägNa . eqøIyza Rtas´za mhabBiRt BitehIy GñkNa> eQ μaH

za mineXIjpøÚvénesckþICaGñkRBmeRB{gKña dUecñH ehIyRTg´Rtas´

ruk¡Zm μCatk . tBIenaH k*RtaséT[tza mhabBiRt GñkNa> minGac

eXIjpøÚvénesckþIRBmeRB{gKña:n k*kñ úgkalNa CnTaMgLayeZVI

esckþITasÉTgdl´KñanigKña kñúgkalenaH buRtrbsńayRJn eTIbnaM

CnTaMgenaHeTAsmøab´ eRJHehtuenaH EdleQ μaHza esckþIeBjcitþ

kñúgkarvivaTKña eTIbminman dUecñH ehIyRtas´ vdþkCatk . luHRtas´

CatkTaMg 5 enH yägenHehIy kñ úgTIbMputk*Rtas´ GtþTNÐsURt .

RBHraCaenAkñ úgnKrTaMgBIr RTg´RCHzøa ehIyRtas´za ebIRBHsasþa

esþcminmkeT BYkeyIgTaMgLay EdlmanGavuZkñ úgéd nwgsmøab´Kña

nigKña nwgjúaMgsÞwg KW elahitohUreTA BYkeyIgTaMgLayk*min:n

eXIjbuRt nigbgbÁÚnrbs´BYkeyIg nwgmineXIjsUm|ITVarRsúk kar

naMdMNwg nigkartbdMNwgrbs´BYkeyIg k*nwgminman CIvitrbs´BYk

eyIg:nehIyeRJHGaRs&yRBHsasþa RbsinebIRBHsasþa enARKb´

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RKgraCsm|tþiesat TV IbCabrivarBIrJn´ k*nwgenAkñ úgRBHhsæ ‘kñ úg

GMNac’ rbs´RBHGg< RTgésayraCsm|tþikñ úgTV IbTaMg 4 TaMgbuRt

rbs´RBHGg<k*Kb|Imanrab´JnédayBit RKaenaHÉg RBHGg<k*nwgman

kSRtiy¾CabrivarEhhmesþceTA buËnþza RBHGg<RTg´lHbg´raCsm|tþienaH

Ég esþcecjmhaPien®s,m¾ seRmcsem¬aZijaNehIy sUm|Ikñ úg

kal«LÚvenH k*sUmoRBHGg< mankSRtiy¾CabrivarEhhmRBHGg<cuH

dUecñH ehIyzVayRBHkumarkñ úgmYynKr 250 Gg< .

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´júaMgRBHkumarTaMgenaHobYs ehIyesþc

eTAkan´mhav&n ‘éRBZM’ RKaenaH esckþImineRtkGrekIteLIgehIydl´

Pik¡ úTaMgenaH EdlbYsedayesckþIeKarB ‘kñ úgRBHsasþa’ Etmin:n

eBjcitþrbs´xø Ün . sUm|IPriyacas´rbs´Pik¡ úTaMgenaH k*Kitza kar

RKb´RKgpÞHlM:k sUmRBHGyübutþcUrswkcuHCaedIm . ehIybJ¢Ún

dMNwgenaHeTA . Pik¡ úTaMgenaHmanesckþIxVl´xVaycitþyägxøaMg.

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´BicarNa RTg´:nRCabdl´Pik¡ úTaMgenaH

minmanesckþIeRtkGr RTg´RBHtRmiHza BYkPik¡úTaMgenH enArYmnwgRBHBuTÆ

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R:kddUcCatzaKt enAEtGpSúk ‘cg´swk’ eNØIycuH tzaKtnwgBN(na

dl´RsHEdlCaTIGaRs&yenAénstVtaevAdl´Pik¡úTaMgenaH ehIynaMeTA

kan´TIenaH k*nwgbenÞabgésckþImineRtkGr:n dUecñH ehIyRTg´:n

BN(nadl´RsHCaTIenAGaRs&yénstVtaevAenaH dl´Pik¡ úTaMgenaH .

Pik¡ úTaMgenaHR:zñanwgeXIjRsHénstVenaH .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sYrza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay BYkGñkR:zña

nwgeXIjß . BYkPik¡úRkabTUlza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK BYkx\ú MRBHGg<

R:zñanwgeXIj RBHGg< .

-RBHmanRBHPaK ; ebIBYkGñkbMNgyägenH cUrmk eyIgnwg

eTA .

-Pik¡ ú ; bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<nwgeTAkan´TICaTI

cUldl´rbs´buK<lEdlman#TÆi:nyägNa .

-RBHmanRBHPaK ; BYkGñkbMNgnwgeTA tzaKtnwgnaMeTAeday

GanuPaBrbs´tzaKt .

-Pik¡ ú ; RBHkruNa RBHGg< .

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RBHmanRBHPaKRTgńaMPik¡ ú 500 rUb ehaHeLIgeTAkñ úgGakas

ehIycuHRtg´RsHEdlCaTIGaRs&yenAénBYkstVtaevA ehIyRtasńwg

Pik¡úTaMgenaHza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay kñúgRsHCaTIGaRs&yenAénstVtaevA

enH BYkGñkminTan´s<aléQ μaHRtIBYkNa cUrsYrtzaKt dUecñH Pik¡ ú

TaMgenaHTUlsYrehIy> RBHmanRBHPaKk*Rtas´R:b´JküEdlBYkPik¡ ú

TaMgenaHTUlsYrehIy mYyeT[t RTg´GnuJ¦atoBYkPik¡ úTaMgenaH TUl

sYreQ μaHRtITaMgenaHbüeNÑaH k*eT oTUlsYrdléQ μaHénedImeQITaMg

LaykñúgéRBenaHxøH eQ μaHénBYkstVmaneCIgBIr nigeCIgbYnxøH nig:n

Rtas´R:béhIy .

lMdabénaH stVtaevA CaskuNraC TMRtg´kMNatéQI Edl

BYkstVTaMgenaHeRbIcMBuHJMEhhmmk edayBYkénstVTaMgBIrxag KW

TaMgxagmux nigxageRkay . BYkPik¡ úeXIjstVenaHehIy TUlsYrza

bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn BYkx\ú MRBHGg< rEmgsm<al´za stVtaevAmYyenaH

CaraCaénBYkstVTaMgenH BYkstVTaMgenH Cabrivarrbs´stVenaH RBH-

manRBHPaKRtas´za yägenaHÉg sUm|IRbkarenH k*dUcCavgSrbs´

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tzaKt CaRbéBNIrbs´tzaKtdUcKña . Pik¡úRkabTUlza bBiRtRBHGg<

d*ceRmIn kñ úgkal«LÚvenH BYkx\ ú MRBHGg< eXIjstVTaMgenHbüeNÑaH

EtRBHmanRBHPaK Rtas´JküNaza sUm|IenHk*CavgSrbs´tzaKt Ca

RbéBNIrbs´tzaKtdUcKña dUecñH BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<bMNgnwgsþab´RBH-

tRmasénaH . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay BYkGñk

RtÚvkarnwgsþab´ß . BYkPik¡ úTTYlRBHtRmas´za RBHkruNa RBHGg< .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za ebIdUecñaH BYkGñkcUrsþabćuH . RBHmanRBH-

PaK eTIbRtas´ kuNalCatk EdlRbdabédayRBHKaza 300 Kaza

RTg´benÞabgéhIynUvesckþImineRtkGrrbs´BYkPik¡úTaMgenaH . kñúgevla

cbéTsna Pik¡úsUm|ITaMgGs´ ‘500’ taMgenAehIykñúgesatabtþipl .

sUm|I#TÆ irbs´Pik¡ úTaMgenaHk*mkehIy ‘seRmcehIy’ edaymK<enaH

Ég . er]grbs´Pik¡úTaMgLay manRbmaNbüeNÑHsin tBIenaH RBH-

manRBHPaKesþcyageTAkñúgGakas esþcyageTAkan´mhav&nenaHÉg .

sUm|IPik¡ úTaMgenaH kñ úgevlaeTA :neTAedayGanuPaBrbs´RBHTs-

Bl kñ úgevlamk :nEhhmRBHmanRBHPaKmkkan´mhav&n eday

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GanuPaBrbs´xø Ün . RBHGg<esþcRbzabélIGasn;EdleKRkalTuk

RtaséhAPik¡ úTaMgenaHmk edayJküza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay BYkGñk

cUrmk tzaKtnwgR:b´km μdðandl´BYkGñkEdlenAmankiels Edl

Kb|IRbharedaymK< 3 xagelI dUecñH ehIyRtas´R:b´km μdðan .

Pik¡ úTaMgLayKitza RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RCabdl´BYkeyIgmanesckþI

mineRtkGr eTIbRTgńaMeTAkan´RsHEdlCaTIGaRs&yenAénBYkstVtaevA

RTg´benÞabgésckþImineRtkGr edayRtas´ kuNalCatk kalBYk

eyIgseRmcesatabtþiplkñúgTIenaHehIy «LÚvenH :nRbTankm μdðan

edIm|IseRmcmK< 3 kñúgmhav&nenH k*karEdlBYkeyIgoevlaknøg

eTA edayKitza BYkeyIgcUldl´RkEsZm(ehIy dUecñH rEmgminsm

KYreLIy karEdlBYkeyIgdUcBYkCnTaMgLay k*minsmKYr dUecñH .

Pik¡ úTaMgenaH eTIbzVaybg<MRBHyuKl:TRBHsasþa ehIyeRkakeLIg

cab´sMBtńisITn;sRmab´Gg<úyrlaséhIy RkalGg<úyRtg´kEnøg

rbs´xø Ün Rtg´KléQICitjkPñM .

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RBHtRmiHza sUm|IPik¡úTaMgenHmanRbRktIsæit

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enAkñúgkm μdðan EdlminTan´seRmc EteQ μaHza ehtuEdleZVIolM:k

dl´Pik¡ úEdl:nó:yehIy rEmgminman kalPik¡ úTaMgenHbMEbkKña

eTAbdibtþi epþImtaMgvibsSnaseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy k*nwgmkkan´smñak´

rbs´tzaKt edaybMNgza BYkeyIgnwgR:b´KuNviessEdlxøÜn:n

seRmcehIy kalPik¡ úTaMgenHmkehIy BYkeTvtakñ úgmu WncRkvaLnwg

RbCuMKñakñúgcRkvaLmYy ‘enH’ mhasm&y KW karRbCuMZMnwgman tzaKt

eTIbKYrGg<úykñúgOkasEdlsáat´ dUecñH . lMdabénaH eTIbesþcRbzab´

kñúgBuTÆasn; kñúgkEnøgEdlsáat´ . RBHezr; EdleTATTYlykkm μdðan

munPik¡úTaMgGs´ seRmcehIynUvRBHGrhtþ RBmTaMgbdismÖiTaTaMgLay .

tBIenaH Pik¡ údéT> eT[t k*TMngenH drabdl´ 500 rUb :nseRmc

RBHGrhtþRBmTaMgbdismÖiTaTaMgLay dUcp,abTumTaMgLayrIkecj

BIKum¬bTum dUecñaH .

Pik¡úEdlseRmcRBHGrhtþmunPik¡úTaMgBYg Kitza eyIgnwgRkab

TUlRBHmanRBHPaK dUecñH eTIbeRkakeLIgBIGasn; cab´sMBtńisITn;

rlas´ ehIy:nEbrmuxeq¬aHeTAkan´RBHTsBl . Pik¡ údéT> eT[t k*

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eZVIyägenHsUm|ITaMg 500 rUb :neTAehIyedaylMdab´ hak´bIdUcCa

cUleTAkanéragqan´ Pik¡úEdlmkmun zVaybg<M ehIyRkalsMBtńisI-

Tn; ‘sMBt´sRmab´RTab´Gg<úy’ ehIyk*Gg<úykñúgTIsmKYrcMENkmYy

CaGñkR:zñanwgR:b´KuNviessEdlxøÜncak´Zø úHehIy RkeLkemIlpøÚv

EdlxøÜnmk edayKitza GñkdéTNa> manenAßeThñ@ dUecñH mineXIj

sUm|IbuK<ldéTeLIy eRJHdUecñaH Pik¡úTaMgGsénaH eTIbmkGg<úykñúg

TIsmKYrcMENkm¡ag Pik¡ úenHmkehIy k*minR:b´dl´Pik¡úenH sUm|IPik¡ ú

enHmkehIyk*minR:b´dl´Pik¡úenHdUcKña :n»za Gakar 2 yäg rEmg

mandl´RBHxINaRsBTaMgLay KW elakjúaMgcitþoekIteLIgza Ohñ@

stVelak RBmTaMgeTvelak Kb|Icak´Zø úHnUvKuNEdleyIgcak´ZøúH:n

edayqab´rh&sdUcKñacuH dUecñH RBHxINaRsBTaMgLay rEmgminman

bMNgnwgR:b´KuNviessdl´KñanigKña dUcbursGñk:ndwgkMNb´RTBü

minR:b´kMNb´RTBüEdlxøÜndwgehIyenaH .

k*kalGriymNÐl KW mK<EdljúaMgploekIteLIgyägenH

ekIteLIgehIy mNÐlénRBHcnÞeBjvg´k*R:scakeRK}gesAh μgTaMg

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enH KW G&BÞTwksenSIm EpSgePø Ig ZUlI nigrahU edayCuMvijPñMyuKnÆr

énTisbs©wm EdlRbkbedaysirI dUckgÉdlseRmcedayR:k´ Edl

buK<lcab´bgViloRtacéTAkan´kNþalevhas¾ ‘épÞGakas’ dUcmNÐl

énceBa©{nd*ZM EdlseRmcehIyedayR:k´ EdlelIkeLIgTukRtg´

Tisbs©wm edIm|IsEmþgdl´vtæúEdlCaTIrIkrayrbsélak EdlRbdab´

edayBuTÆ úb|aTenH dUecñaH .

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´RbzabénAkñ úgsk,CnbTmYyEPøt KW Ca

evlamYyry; mYyEPøtRBmedayBYkPik¡ úTaMg 500 rUb EdlCaBYkZM

kñ úgéRBZM CitRBHnKrkbilPsþú Pik¡ úTaMgGsń@ uHÉg CaRBHGrhnþdUc

BN(namkdUecñH . Kb|IRCabesckþIteTAeT[tza sUm|IRBHmanRBH-

PaKRTg´ób|tþieLIgkñúgvgSénRBH:Tmhasm μt sUm|IBYkPik¡ú 500 rUb

enaH k*ekItkñúgRtkUlrbs´RBH:Tmhasm μt . RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´

ekItkñúgKP(énkSRtiy¾ sUm|IPik¡úTaMgenaHk*ekItkñúgKP(énkSRtiy¾ RBHman

RBHPaK CaraCbBVCit sUm|IPik¡úTaMgenaHk*CaraCbBVCit . RBHd*man-

RBHPaK RTg´lHbgésVtqRtkñúgPaBCaesþccRkBtþi EdlsæitenAkñ úg

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kNþab´RBHhsæ ehIyRBHpñÜs sUm|IPik¡ úTaMgenaH k*lHbgésVtqRt

lHbg´PaBCaRBHraCaTaMgLayEdlenAkñúgkNþab´RBhsæ ehIybYs .

RBHmanRBHPaK RTgĆabuK<lbrisuTÆehIyedayRBHGg<Ég kñúgOkas

EdlbrisuTÆ iehIy kñúgcMENkénraRtIEdlbrisuTÆ iehIy RTg´manbrivar

EdlbrisuTÆ iehIy RTg´manraK;EdleTAR:sehIy manbrivarEdl

manraK;eTAR:sehIy maneTas;eTAR:sehIy manbrivar Edlman

eTas;eTAR:sehIy manemah;eTAR:sehIy manbrivar Edlman

emah;eTAR:sehIy mantNØaeTAR:sehIy manbrivarGñkmantNØa

eTAR:sehIy minmankiels manbrivarCaGñkminmankiels RTg´

sáb´rmáabéhIy manbrivarCaGñksáb´rmáabéhIy RTg´TUn μanlÁehIy

manbrivarEdlTUn μanlÁehIy RTgĆaGñkrYcputehIy manbrivarCaGñk

rYcputehIy eTIbruger]géRkElgkñúgéRBZMenaH dUecñH . Jküza sk,;

enH maneRcInRbmaNRtwmNa bNÐitKb|IeJlRtwmenaH enHeQ μaH

za vNÑPUmi . Jküza Pik¡úmanRbmaN 500 rUb suTÆEtCaRBHGrhnþ

enH elakeJlsMedAykPik¡ úTaMgenH edayRbkardUecñH .

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Jküza eyPueyün ERbza edayeRcIn KW :ndl´ BYkeTvta

TaMgLayEdlRbCuMKñamaneRcIn BYkEdlmin:nRbCuMKñamantic KW BYk

EdlCaGsBa¦ IstV nigBYkEdlekItkñúgGrU:vcrb¨ ueNÑaH .

BYkeTvtamuWncRkvaLRbCuMKña

Kb|IRCablMdab´éneTvtaTaMgLay EdlmkRbCuMKña kñúgéRBmha-

v&n dUcteTAenH ?

:n»za BYkeTvtaEdlGaRs&yenACu Mv ijéRBmhav&n beJ©j

sMeLgxøaMg> za ²bBiRtelakd*ceRmInTaMgLay BYkeyIgcUrmk eQ μaH

za kareXIjRBHBuTÆ manóbkar;eRcIn karsþab´Zm(man óbkar;eRcIn

kareXIjRBHsg¹ k*manóbkar;eRcIn BYkeyIgTaMgLaycUrmkcuH³

dUecñH eTIbmkzVaybg<MRBHmanRBHPaK nigRBHxINaRsBEdlseRmc

RBHGrhtþkñ úgxN;enaH ehIy:nQrkñúgTIsmKYrkñúgcMENkm¡ag .

edayó:yenHn@uHÉg BYkeTvtaTaMgLay sþab´sMeLgeTvtaTaMgenaH

Gs´bIdgkñúghimvnþ EdlpSayecjeTAbIJnéyaCn¾edayGMNacén

sMeLg mansMeLgknøHKavut mYyKavut knøHeyaCn¾ mYyeyaCn¾Ca

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edIm BYkeTvtakñ úgCm¬ ÚTV IbTaMgGs´ KW eTvtaEdlGaRs&yenAkñ úgnKr

63 Jn´ Rtg´RbLayTwk 99 Esn Rtg´kMBg´ 96 Esn nigkñúgTICa

TIekIténrtn; KW smuRT 56 Esn kñúgcRkvaLTaMgGs´ KW kñ úgbuBV-

vieTh; GmreKayan; ótþrkuru nigkñ úgTV IbtUc 2 Jn´ tBIenaH eTvta

EdlenAkñ úgcRkvaLTIBIr k*edayTMngenHÉg bNÐitKb|IRCabza BYk

eTvtaTaMgLay kñúgmu WncRkvaLmkRbCu MKñaehIy edayRbkardUecñH .

k*mu WncRkvaLkñúgTIenH elakR:zñaykelakZatu 10 eday

ehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za Tshi c elakZatUhi eTvta

eyPueyün snñibtikaehanþi ‘ERbza k*eTvtamkBIelakZatu 10 :n

RbCu MKñaedayeRcIn’ sPaByägenH bnÞb´éncRkvaLTaMgGs´ k*eBj

eTAedayeTvtaTaMgLay EdlmkRbCuMKñaehIy taMgBIRBh μelakmk

hak´bIdUcCam¢úlEdlbuK<ldak´bnþKñakñ úgbMBg´m¢ úl edaymindac´ry;

dUecñaH . kñ úgTIenH Kb|IRCabkm¬s´rbs´RBh μelak yägenHza :n

»za manduMz μRbmaNbünpÞHkMBUltaMgenAkñúgRBh μelak kalebIeKTmøak´

du Mz μenaHcuHmkkanélakmnusSenH 4 Ex eTIbZøak´dlÉpndI .

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kñ úgOkasd*ZMTUlayyägenH buK<lQrxageRkame:Hp,aeQI

ßkMNatéQI rEmgmin:neTAkñúgxagelI ßQrxagelI ykRKab´és¬

e:HeTAxageRkam rEmgminmancenøaHRbehagZøakéTAkñúgxageRkam:n

edayGakaryägenH eTvtaTaMgLay:nmkmindac´ry; drabrkTI

TMenrmin:n .

mYyeT[t TICaTIRbzab´rbsésþccRkBtþi rEmgmincegÁ{teday

kSRtiy¾TaMgLayEdlmanskþiZMesþcmkehIy> rEmg:nOkas KW

mancenøaH karcegÁ{txagenH nigxagenH rEmgminmanyägNa Rbkar

enH k*dUecñaHÉg TIEdlCaTIRbzab´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaK mincegÁ{t BYk

eTvtaGñkmanskþiZM nigBYkRBh μTaMgLaymkehIy kan´TIRbzab´rbs´

RBHmanRBHPaK rEmgminmanTIcegÁ{t rEmg:nOkas KW TITMenr .

:n»za BYkeTvtaTaMgLay 10 Gg<xøH 20 Gg<xøH nimi μt

GtþPaBotUc ehIyenAkñúgTIRtwmEtbüncugeram kñúgTICitRBHmanRBH-

PaK k*man . BYkeTvta 60 BYk :nQrenAxagmuxrbséTvtaTaMg

BYg .

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[118] bTza suTÆavaskayikanM ERbza RBh μEdlenAkñúgsuTÆa-

vas . RBh μelak 5 Can´ EdlCaTIenAénRBHGnaKamI nigRBHxI-

NaRsBTaMgLay eQ μaHza suTÆavas . bTza ÉtTehasi ERbza

BYkRBh μmanesckþIRtiHriH . sYrza eRJHehtuGV I BYkRBh μeTIbman

esckþIRtiHriH . eqø Iyza :n»za BYkRBh μTaMgenaHcUlsmabtþi nig

ecjtamevlaEdlkMNt´Tuk ehIyRkeLkemIlPBrbs´RBh μTaMg-

Lay:neXIjsPaBTeT dUceragPtþkñúgevlaEdlbuK<lbriePaKehIy

‘kñúgevlaxageRkayénPtþ’ eBlenaH eTIbBicarNaemIlza BYkRBh μ

TaMgenHeTANa RCabehIynUvsmaKmZMza smaKmenH BYkeyIgeday

eRcInRtÚvenAxageRkay ehIyk*Okasrbs´buK<lEdlmkeRkay rEmg

rk:nedaylM:k eRJHdUecñaH BYkeyIgkaleTA k*nwgmineTAédTeT

KYrEtgKazamYyGg<> mYyKaza swmeTA BYkeyIgnwgoeKdwgnUvPaB

EdlxøÜnmkehIykñúgsmaKmZM edayKazaenH nignwgeJlBN(naKuN

rbs´RBHTsBl edayRbkardUecñH esckþIRtiHriHenH eTIb:nman

ehIy eRJHPav;énBYkRBh μTaMgenaHecjcaksmabtþi ehIyBicarNa .

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[118] RBH:lIza PKveta bureta :turhMsu ERbesckþIza

mkR:kdenAcMeJHmuxrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK KW :ndl´ BYkRBh μEdl

eJlKaza kñ úgsmñak´RBHmanRBHPaK dUcZøakćuHkñ úgTIcMeJHmux . k*

esckþIyägenHkñ úgTIenH minKb|IylýägenaH k*BYkRBh μTaMgenaH

taMgenAkñ úgRBh μelakn@uHÉg EtgKazaTaMgLayehIy mYyGg<cuHRtg´

kNþabćRkvaLEpñkxagburtæimTis ‘TisxagekIt’ mYyGg<cuHRtg´kNþab´

cRkvaLEpñkxagTk¡iN ‘Tisxagt|Úg’ mYyGg<cuHRtg´kNþabćRkvaL

Epñkxagbcäim ‘Tisxaglic’ mYyGg<cuHRtg´kNþabćRkvaLEpñkxag

ótþr ‘Tisxagótþr’ .

lMdabénaH RBh μEdlenARtgŃþabćRkvaLEpñkxagburtæimTis

cUlsmabtþi mannIlksiNCaGarm μN¾ ehIybeJ©jrs μ IBN(ex[v

júaMgeTvtakñúgmuWncRkvaLodwgEdlesckþIEdlxøÜnmkehIy dUcbuK<l

JkńUvEs|kseRmcehIyedayEkvmNI Zm μtaza BuTÆvizI GñkNa>

k*minGacnwgoéRkElgCag eRJHdUecñaH RBh μeTIbmktamBuTÆvizIEdl

xøÜnminGacknøgeTA zVaybg<MRBHmanRBHPaKehIy :nQrkñúgTIsm

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KYrcMENkm¡ag luHQrkñúgTIsmKYrehIy k*:neBalnUvKazaEdlxøÜn

Etgmk .

RBh μmYyGg< EdlZøakénARtg´kNþabćRkvaLEpñkxagTk¡ iN

cUlsmabtþi manbItksiNCaGarm μN¾ beJ©jrs μ IBN(mas júaMg

BYkeTvta kñ úgmu WncRkvaLodwgnUvesckþIEdlxøÜnmkehIy dUcbuK<l

dNþb´sMBt´BN(mas ehIy:neZVIdUcyägenaHÉg ‘dUcGg<mun’ .

RBh μEdlenARtg´kNþabćRkvaLEpñkxagbcäim cUlsmabtþi manela-

hitksiNCaGarm μN¾ ehIybeJ©jrs μ IBN(Rkhm júaMgBYkeTvta

kñúgmuWncRkvaLodwgnUvesckþIEdlxøÜnmkehIy dUcbuK<lrMukayeday

sMBt´km¬ld*RbesIrmanBN(Rkhm ehIyeZVIdUcyägenaHÉg . RBh μ

EdlenARtg´kNþabćRkvaLEpñkxagótþr cUlsmabtþiOTatksiN

ehIybeJ©jrs μ IBN(s júaMgBYkeTvtakñúgmuWncRkvaLodwgnUvesckþI

EdlxøÜnmkehIy dUcbuK<ldNþb´pÞaMgsMBt´p,amø iH ehIy:neZVIdUc

yägenaH dUcKña . EtkñúgRBH:lIeJlza kñúgRKaenaHÉg BYkeTvta

4 Gg<enaH :n:t´GMBIBYkRBh μCan´suTÆavas mkR:kdcMeJHRBHP&®kþ

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RBHmanRBHPaK zVaybg<MRBHmanRBHPaKehIy :nQrkñúgTIsmKYr

m¡ag dUecñH hak´bIdUckñúgxN;EtmYyCamYyKñaTaMg 4 Gg< KWza esckþI

R:kdcMeJHRBHP&®kþpg zVaybg<MehIy:nQrkñúgTIsmKYrm¡agpg kar

BitenaH RBh μenaH:nR:kdehIyedaylMdab´ tamEdleJlehIy

enH elakeJleZVIorYmKña . k*kareJlKazarbséTvtaTaMg 4 enaH

sUm|Ikñ úgRBH:lI elakk*eJlTukepSg> Kña .

[120] bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza mhasmeya EkCa mha-

smeha ERbza karRbCuMZM . RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´RtaséhAéRBZMza

dgeRsag . sUm|IedayJküTaMgBIrenH RBHmanRBHPaKk*Rtas´za kar

RbCu MKña KW karRbCu MZMkñ úgdgéRBkñ úgézáenH dUecñH .

lMdabénaH edIm|IsEmþgdléTvtaEdlRbCuMKña eTIbeJlza

eTvkaya smaKta ERbza BYkeTvtamkRbCu MKñaehIy .

bNþaJküTaMgenaH Jküza eTvkaya edaHRsayCa eTvXda

ERbza BYkeTvta . bTza GKtmØ «mM Zm μsmyM ERbza BYkx\ ú Mmk

ehIykan´TICMnuMEdlRbkbedayZm(enH esckþIza eRJHeXIjBYkeTvta

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mkRbCuMKñaehIyyägenH sUm|IBYkx\ú Mk*mkehIy kan´TIRbCuMEdlRbkb

edayZm(enH . sYrza eRJHehtuGV I . eqø Iyza eRJHedIm|InwgeXIj

RBHsg¹ Edlmarp©aj´min:n .

bTza Tk¡iteyv GbraCitsMXM ERbza edIm| IeXIjGbraCit-

sgÇ KW sgÇEdlmarp ©aj´min:n GZib|ayza BYkx\ ú MmkehIyedIm|I

nwgeXIjRBHsg¹EdlGñkNa> p©aj´min:n CaGñkmans®g<amEdl

xøÜn:njaMjImarTaMgbIQñHehIy kñúgézáenHÉg .

k*RBh μenaH RKaeJlKazaenHehIy zVaybg<MRBHmanRBHPaK

:nQrRtg´kNþabćRkvaLEpñkxagburtæimTis . lMdabénaH RBh μGg<

TIBIr k*mkehIy edayn&ydUceJlehIyenaHÉg :neJlKazaza

tRt Pik¡eva smaThMsu .eb. rk¡nþ i bNÐita ERbesckþIza Pik¡ úTaMg

LaykñúgTIRbCuMenaHtaMgmaMehIy :neZVIcitþrbs´xøÜnoRtgéhIy Pik¡ ú

TaMgBYgenaHCabNÐit rEmgrkSa«®nÞ iyTaMgLay dUcnaysarzIkan´

ExSbegØ{r dUecñaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza tRt Pik¡eva edaHRsayCa ts μ w snñi-

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:tdðaen Pik¡ Ú ERbza Pik¡ úTaMgLaykñúgTIRbCuMenaH . bTza smaT-

hMsu ERbza taMgcitþmaMehIy KW :ndl´ RbkbedaysmaZi . bTza

Gtþena óCukmkMsu ERbza :neZVIcitþrbs´xø ÜnoRtgéhIy GZib|ay

za lHbgéhIynUvcitþTaMgBYgrbs´xøÜn EdlekagminRtg´ ehIyeZVIo

Rtg´ .

bTza sarzIv entþani KehtVa ERbza naysarzIkanńUvExSbr

GZib|ayza kalesHsinÆBrtéTAlÁehIy naysarzIGñkmanCnøÜj

sMyügcuHehIy kanýkExSbrTaMgBYg mindasét]n minelIkeLIg

nUvCnøÜj kanÉxSbegØ{ryägmaM yägNa Pik¡ úTaMg 500 rUbenH Rbkb

edayqLg<úebk¡a manTVarEdlRKb´RKgehIy CabNÐit rEmgrkSa«®nÞiy

TaMgLay dUecñaH edayGakaryägenHÉg eTvtaTaMgLayeTIbeJl

za bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK BYkx\ ú MRBHGg<mkehIykñúgTIenH edIm|IeXIj

Pik¡úTaMgenaH . sUm|IeTvtaGg<enaHmkehIy k*QrkñúgTIsmKYrn@uHÉg .

lMdabénaH RBh μGg<TIbI k*mkehIyedayn&ydUceJlehIy

n@uHÉg :neJlKazaza eqtVa xIlM eqtVa blIXM .eb. susU naKa

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ERbza Pik¡ úTaMgLayenaH kat´bgńUvbeg<al KW raK; eTas; emah;

katńUvrnukTVar KW raK; eTas; emah; Kas´rMelIgnUvssrex]necj

ehIy minmanesckþIjab´j&r CaGñkbrisuTÆ i R:scakmnÞil Edl

RBHBuTÆGñkmanck¡ úRTg´TUn μanlÁehIy CanaKkemøaHEtgRtacéTA .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza eqtVa xIlM ERbza katńUvbeg<al KW

za kat´raK; eTas; nigemah; EdldUcCabeg<al . bTza blIXM

ERbza rnukTVar :ndl´ raK; eTas; nigemah;n@uHÉg dUcCarnukTaVr .

bTza «nÞxIlM ERbza ssrex]n :ndl´ raK; eTas; nig

emah;n@uHÉg dUcCassrex]n . bTza Ohc©menCa ERbza minman

esckþIjab´j&r GZib|ayza Pik¡ úTaMgenHminmanesckþIjab´j&reday

esckþIjab´j&r KW tNØa CaGñkTajeLIgehIy dkeLIgehIynUvtNØa

EdldUcssrex]n . bTza et crnþ i ERbza Pik¡ úTaMgenaHRtacéTA

GZib|ayza rEmgRtacćarikeTAedaymineTIsTak´kñ úgTisTaMg 4 .

bTza vimla ERbza R:scakmnÞil KW minmanmnÞ il . Jküza

R:scakmnÞilenH Caevvcn;rbs´Jküza CaGñkbrisuTÆiehIyenaHÉg .

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bTza ck¡úma ERbza Gñkmanck¡ú KW :ndl´ Gñkmanck¡ú 5 .

bTza suTnþa ERbza TUn μanlÁehIy :ndl´ TUn μanehIytam

pøÚvck¡úxøH pø ÚvesatxøH pø ÚvXan;xøH pø ÚvCivØaxøH pø ÚvkayxøH nigpø Úvcitþ

xøH . bTza susU naKa ERbza CanaKkemøaH :ndl´ CanaKCMTg´ .

Kb|IRCabvcntæ;kñ úgJküza naK enaH dUecñH . qnÞaTIhi n

Kcänþ Iti naKa CnBYkNa rEmgminlMeG[gedayGKtiTaMgLay man

qnÞaKtiCaedIm ehtuenaH CnTaMgenaH eTIbeQ μaHza naKa . etn etn

meK<n bhIen kieles n GaKcänþ Iti naKa CnBYkNa rEmgminmk

kan´kielsTaMgLay EdlmK<enaH> lHehIy ehtuenaHCnTaMgenaH

eTIbeQ μaHza naKa . nanb|karM GaKu M n keranþ Iti naKa CnBYkNa

rEmgmineZVIkMhusmanRbkarepSg> ehtuenaH CnTaMgenaH eTIbeQ μaH

za naKa . enHCaesckþIseg¡bkñúgJküza naK enH cMENkesckþI

Bisþar Kb|IRCabedayn&yEdleJlTukkñúgmhanieTÞs .

müägeT[t Kb|IRCabesckþIyägenHkñúgTIenHza buK<lrEmgmin

eZV IesckþIGaRkk´ rEmgminCab´kñ úgeRK}gcg EdlRbkbTukkñúgelak

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yägNa> kñúgTITaMgBYgCaGñkrYcputehIy elakehAbuK<lenaHzaCa

naK KW CaGñkminjab´j&r . kñ úgbTza susUnaKa enH GZib|ayza

naKkemøaH dléhIynUvsmabtþiénPav;CanaK; dUecñH . BYkeTvtaTaMg

enaH eJlza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK BYkx\ú MRBHGg<mkehIy edIm|IeXIj

naKkemøaH EdlGacarüEbbenHTUn μanehIy sUm|IRBh μGg<enaH k*:neTA

QrkñúgTIsmKYr n@ uHÉg .

lMdabénaH RBh μGg<TI 4 mkehIy edayn&ydUceJlehIy

n@uHÉg :neJlKazaza eyekci BuTÆ M srNM Ktaes CaedIm ERb

esckþIza CnBYkNamYydléhIynUvRBHBuTÆCasrN; CnTaMgenaH

nwgmineTAkan´G:yPUmi luHlHbg´ragkayEdlCarbs´mnusSehIy

nwgeTAbMeBjkñúgBYkeTvtaminxan .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza Ktaes ERbza dléhIy :ndl´

dl´srNKmn¾ EdlR:scakesckþIsgS&y . sUm|IRBh μenaH k*

:nQrkñúgTIsmKYrn@ uHÉg dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa smysURtTI 7

3

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G dð k za

skliksURtTI 8

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg skliksURtTI 8 teTA ?

[124] bTza mTÞkucä i :ndl´ sYnEdlmaneQ μaHyägenH .

BitNas´ sYnenaHkalRBH:TGCatstþúekItkñ úgKP(ehIy RBHmata

rbs´RBH:TGCatstþúenaH manesckþIR:zñanwgoKP(ZøakéTA eday

RTg´RtiHriHza KP(EdlenAkñúgépÞrbséyIgenH nwgCasRtÚvrbs´RBHraCa

nwgmanRbeyaCn¾GV IedayKP(enH dUecñH eTIboTmøayKP(kñ úgsYnenaH

eRJHehtuenaH sYnenaH eTIbeQ μaHza mTÞkucä i dUecñH . k*éRBEdl

elakehAza miKTay eRJHéRBenaH RBHraCaRBHraCTanedIm|IesckþI

rYcputP&yénRmwKTaMgLay . kñ úgbTza k*edaysm&yenaHÉg enH

CaGnubuBV ikza KW vacaCaeRK}geJlGMBIlMdab´ .

k*RBHeTvTtþGaRs&yRBH:TGCatstþúehIy sUm|IbJ¢Únnay

x μan´Zñ ÚTaMgLay nigdMrIZn:lcMeJHeTA k*minGaceZVIGnþraydlĆIvit

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- 2 6 1 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á s k l i k s U R t T I 8

rbs´RBHtzaKt:n eTIbKitza eyIgnwgjúaMgRBHtzaKtosøabéday

édrbséyIg dUecñH eLIgkan´PñMKiCÄkUd ehIyelIksilaZMRbmaNbün

pÞHkMBUlRKEvgeTA edayKitza RBHsmNeKatm cUrEbkexÞcxÞI dUecñH .

:n»za RBHeTvTtþenaHmankmøaMgeRcIn RTRTg´kmøaMges μ InwgdMrIR:M .

k*ÉGnþrayénCIvitrbs´RBHBuTÆTaMgLay EdlnwgKb|ImanedayesckþI

Büayamrbs´buK<ldéT RbkarenaHCaGfan; KW CavtæúEdlRbRBwtþeTA

min:n eRJHdUecñaH siladéTeTIbtaMgeLIgkñúgGakas ehIyTTYl

siladuMenaH EdlmktRmg´RBHsrIr;rbs´RBHtzaKt . bMENkpÞaMg

z μd*ZMtaMgeLIgehIy eRJHsilaTaMgBIrb¨HxÞb´Kña eTIbxÞateTARtÚvxagcug

énxñgRBH:Trbs´RBHmanRBHPaK . RBH:TmanelahitBurBgeLIg

eRb{bdUcRtÚvRbharedayBUezAZM eRb{bdUcRClkédayTwkl&k¡ .

RBHmanRBHPaKRTgéq μ{gRBHenRteTAxagelI ehIy:nRtas´

cMeJHPik¡ úeTvTtþza GñkNamancitþRbTUsraÿehIy mancitþsmøab´

eZV Ielahitrbs´tzaKtotaMgeLIg ‘oBurBg’ mñalemaXburs Gñk

enaHRbsBVvtæ ú EdlminEmnbuNüCaeRcIn dUecñH taMgBIenaHmkkarmin

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pasux ekIteLIgehIydl´RBHmanRBHPaK . BYkPik¡ úKitza viharenH

CaTITYl minrabes μ I minsmKYrdlĆncMnYneRcIn mankSRtiy¾CaedIm nig

dl´bBVCitTaMgLay . Pik¡úTaMgenaH eTIbCYyKñaEsgRBHtzaKteday

ERKtUc naMeTAkan´sYneQ μaHza mTÞkucä i .

edayehtuenaHÉg RBHGannÞetær eTIbeJlza k*edaysm&y

enaHÉg RBH:Trbs´RBHd*manRBHPaK Tg<icedaybMENkz μehIy .

bTza PUsa ERbza eRcIn KW mankmøaMgéRkElg . bTza suTM RtwmEt

Cani:t . bTza Tuk¡a ERbza lM:k :ndl´ minmanesckþIsux .

bTza tiBVa ERbza xøa Mgkøa :ndl´ maneRcIn . bTza xra ERbza

rwg :ndl´ eRKatRKat . bTza kduka ERbza minsb|ay :ndl´

CaTuk¡xøa Mgkøa . bTza Gasata ERbza minsb|ay :ndl´ minrIk

ray . eQ μaHza RTg´minsb|ay eRJHGtæza citþrEmgEnbnitkñ úg

Garm μN¾TaMgenaH Garm μN¾BYkenaH minjúaMgcitþoEqÁts,b´s,l´ KW min

oceRmIn . bTza setasm|Caena ERbza manRBHstism|CJ¦;

:ndl´ CaGñkRbkbedayRBHsti nigsm|CJ¦; Gt´RTaMkñ úgevTna .

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bTza GvihBa¦maenabi ERbza RTg´minlM:k KW minRtÚveb[teb[n

minluHkñ úgkan´GMNacénevTnaTaMgLayEdlRbRBwtþeTA .

kñ úgbTza sIhesyüM enH :ndl´ karedk 4 yäg KW

kamePaKIesyüa KW karedkrbs´GñkmanRbRktIesBkam .

ebtesyüa KW karedkrbséRbt .

sIhesyüa KW karedkrbs´sIh; .

tzaKtesyüa KW karpÞ Mrbs´RBHtzaKt .

kñúgkaredkTaMg 4 enaH karedk EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´

Tukza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay stVGñkbriePaKkam edayeRcIn rEmgedk

xageqVg ‘epÁ{geqVg’ enHeQ μaHza kamePaKIesyüa . BitNas´ kñúg

bNþastVEdlbriePaKkamTaMgenaH eQ μaHza karedkxagsþaM ‘epÁ{gsþaM’

manmineRcIn .

karedkEdlRBHmanRBHPaK Rtas´Tukza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay

eRbtTaMgLay edayeRcIn rEmgedkpáar enHeQ μaHza ebtesyüa .

BitehIy eRbtTaMgLay rEmgminGacedkepÁ{gm¡ag:n eRJHxøÜnman

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sac´ nigQamtic eRJHCaGñkmanqÁwgrKImrKam eTIbedkpáarbüeNÑaH .

karedk EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´Tukza mñalPik¡ úTaMgLay

sIhmiKraC edayeRcInykknÞúyrbs´xøÜncUleTAkñúgcenøaHeCIg ehIy

edkepÁ{gxagsþaM enHeQ μaHza sIhesyüa . BitehIy sIhmiKraC

manGMNaceRcIn kalnwgedk k*dakéCIgmux 2 TukkEnøgmYy dakéCIg

2 eRkayTukkEnøgmYy ehIyykknÞúydak´TukcenøaH kMNtÓkas

EdldakéCIgmux eCIgeRkay nigknÞúy eTIbdak´sIs;elIeCIgmuxTaMg

BIrehIyedk sUm|IedkeBlézá kalPáak´k*mintk´søút KWza elIksIs;

eLIg kMNtÓkasEdldakéCIgmuxCaedIm ebIGV I> taMgxusRbRktI

k*minmancitþrIkray nwgminsb|ayza ehtuenH minsmKYrdlĆati

rbs´xøÜn TaMgminsmKYrdl´PaBCaGñkkøahan dUecñH karedkyägenaH

minRBmeTArkGahar k*bu Ënþ kalGvyv; maneCIgmuxCaedImtaMgTuk

er[bry k*mancitþrIkrayza ehtuenaH smKYrdlĆatirbs´xø Ün nwg

smKYrdl´PaBCaGñkkøahan eRkakeLIgBt´kayEbbraCsIh¾ rlas´

eram bnø WsIhnaT ehIyk*ecjeTAeKacr ‘rkGahar’ . karedkkñúg

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RbePTTI 4 RtaséhAza tzaKtesyüa . kñúgkaredkTaMg 4 enaH

karedkdUcsIh;mkkñúgsURtenH . BitehIy karedkenH eQ μaHza

karedkd*ótþm eRJHkaredkenaH Ca«riyabzEdlmanGMNaceRcIn .

bTza :eT bTM :ndl´ dakéCIgeqVgelIeCIgsþaM . bTza Gc©aZay

ERbza RtÜteCIg KW keCIgb¨HxÞbńwgkeCIg Cg<g´b¨HxÞbńwgCg<gévTna

rEmgekIter]y> citþmintaMgmaM karedkk*minCasux KWza karedk rEmg

minCab´tKña karel[neCIgehIydakýägenH evTna rEmgminekIt citþ

rEmgtaMgmaM eRJHdUecñaH eTIbedkyägenH . bTza seta sm|Ca-

ena :ndl´ manstism|CJ¦;kMNt´kñ úgkaredk . k*bTza ódðan-

sBa¦ M ERbza manesckþIsm<al´kñ úgkareRkakeLIg enH elakmin:n

eJlTukkñúgTIenH . k*karseRmcsIhesyüarbs´RBHtzaKtenaH Ca

karpÞ MeRJHRbQYn . RKaenaHÉg kalbfmyamknøgeTAehIy BYk

eTvtastuløb|kayika 7 ryGg< manvNÑ;lÁ júaMgsYnmTÞkucä iTaMg

mUloPøW cUleTAKal´RBHmanRBHPaK zVaybg<MehIy :nQrkñúgTI

d*smKYrmYy bTza stþsta ERbza 7 ry KW eTvtaTaMgGsénaH

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kñúgRBHsURtenH mkkan´TICaTIpÞMeRBaHRbQYn . bTza óTanM óTaensi

ERbza :nbnøWóTan :ndl´ BYkeTvtaGñkmkkan´TIpÞ MRbQYnehIy

k*maneTamnsSn@uHÉg :nEzøgehIy GZib|ayza k*BYkeTvtaTaMgenaH

eXIjesckþIGt´sg,tćMeJHevTnarbs´RBHtzaKtehIy eTIbbnøWóTan

za O!RBHBuTÆTaMgLaymanGanuPaBeRcIn kalevTnaEbbenHRbRBwtþeTA

ehIy sUm|IRtwmEtkarzá Úr k*min:nman RTg´pÞ MedayRBHvrkayEdl

minjab´j&r eRb{bdUcrUbEdlseRmcedaymas EdlbuK<lRbdab´

ehIy taMgTukelITIedkd*mansirI «LÚvenH RBHsrIr;rbs´RBHman-

RBHPaK rEmgruger]géRkElg dUcRBHcnÞeBjvg´sm|ÚrN¾edayrs μ I

RBHP&®kþrbs´RBHmanRBHPaKk*Rss´lÁ dUcp,abTumkMBugrIk kñúgxN;

enH sUm|IvNÑ;énRBHvrkayk*zøapUrpg´ dUcmasEdlrMlaylÁehIy

dUecñH .

[126] k*kñ úgbTza naeKa vt ePa ERbza RBHsmNeKatmd*

ceRmIn CanaKhñ@ enHCaJküehARBHmanRBHPaKedayZm( . GZib|ay

za eQ μaHza naK eRJHGtæza mankmøaMg . bTza naK vta EkCa

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naKPaevn ERbza eRJHPav;CanaK; . kñ úgRKaenaHÉg eTvtadéTeT[t

:nbnøWóTanenH kñúgsmñak´RBHmanRBHPaKza RBHsmNeKatm RTg´

CasIh;hñ@ÇÇÇ RBHsmNeKatm RTgĆaGaCaenyühñ@ÇÇÇ RBHsmN-

eKatm RTgĆanisP;hñ@ÇÇÇ RBHsmNeKatm RTgĆaeZaryØhñ@ÇÇÇ RBH

smNeKatm RTgĆaGñkTnþhñ@ÇÇÇ .

[127] Kb|IRCabvinicä&ykñúgbTza sIeha vt CaedIm eQ μaHza

sIh; eRJHGtæza CaGñkmintk´søút . eQ μaHza GaCaenyü eRJH

Gtæza bdibtþiedayesckþIqøatQøas ßeRJHdwgdléhtu . eQ μaHza

nisP; KW CaGñkGg´Gac eRJHGtæza rkGñkeRb{bes μ Imin:n . Bit

Nas´ eKaósuP;CastVRbesIr CaRbZankñ úghVÚgéneKamYyry eKa

GasP; CastVRbesIrbMput CaRbZankñ úghVÚgéneKamYyJn´ nisP;

bNÐiteJlza CastVRbesIrbMputCaghVÚgéneKamYyEsn . k*RBHman

RBHPaKRTg´bdiJ¦a KW TTYlPaBGasPfan ‘fan;d*RbesIr’ eRJHGtæ

za rkGñkeRb{bes μ Imin:n . kñúgTIenH eTvtaeJlJküza nisP;

s&BÞ edayGtæenaHÉg . eQ μaHza eZaryØ; eRJHGtæza naMZur;eTA .

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eQ μaHza Tnþ; eRJHGtæza mankaresBKb´xuseTAR:sehIy .

[132] bTza bsS ERbza cUremIl :ndl´ CaJkübg<ab´

EdlminmankMNt´ .

bTza smaZw :ndl´ smaZikñúgGrhtþpl . bTza suvimutþi

ERbza rYcputlÁehIy :ndl´ rYcputlÁehIy edaykarrYcputrbs´

plcitþ . mYyeT[t citþRbRBwtþeTAtamraK; RBHsmNeKatm mino

begÁaneTAehIy nigcitþRbRBwtþeTAtameTas; RBHsmNeKatm mino

RtLb´mk eTvtaeJlza minobegÁaneTAcMeJHehIy nigminoRtLb´

mk eRJHminmancitþTaMgBIrenaH .

bTza n c ssg¡arniK<yØ caritvtM :ndl´ RtÚvRKbsg,t´

RtÚvhamkielsTaMgLayEdlRbRBwtþeTACamYysm|eyaK Edlnwg

RbRBwtþeTACamYysg¡ar KW citþtaMgmaM RbRBwtþeTACamYyyplsmaZi

eRJHelakkm©at´kielsTaMgLayehIy . bTza Gtik,mitBVM ERbza

CaGñkEdlxøÜnKb|Iknøg KWza Kb|ICaGñkEdlxøÜnRKbsg,t´:n Edl

xøÜnKb|Ieb[teb[n:n . bTza GTsSna :ndl´ minmanjaN Bit

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Nas´ buK<lEdlminmanjaN k*CaGnÆBalbüeNÑaH . Jküza

ÉvrUeb stæriGbreCÄyü esckþIza eTvtaTaMgLay rEmgeJltiH-

ed[lPik¡úeTvTtþza kalRBHsasþamanKuNEbbenH elakenAeZVIGnþ-

ray:n dUecñH . bTza bBa©evTa ERbza manevT 5 :ndl´ CaGñk

RTRTg´TuknUvevTTaMgLay man«tihasevTCaTI 5 ‘KWesckþIdwgpø Úv

RbéBNICaTI 5’ . bTza stM smM EkCa vsSstM ERbza mYyry

qñaM . bTza tbsSI ERbza mantb; :ndl´ GaRs&ytb; .

bTza crM EkCa crnþa ERbza RbRBwtþeTA . bTza n sm μa

vimutþ M ERbza minrYcputedayRbéB GZib|ayza sUm|IRJh μN¾TaMg

LayEbbenH RbRBwtþvtþGs´mYyryqñaM sUm|IdUecñaH citþrbs´RJh μN¾

enaH k*minrYcputedayRbéB .

bTza hIntþrU: n :rM Kma et ERbza RJh μN¾TaMgenaH

manrUbd*GaRkk´ rEmgmindléRtIy GZib|ayza RJh μN¾TaMgenaH

mansPaBCaGñkeZVIxø ÜnezakTab rEmgmindl´RBHniBVan . RBH:lIza

hIntær U: dUecñHk*man GZib|ayza RJh μN¾TaMgenaH manCatiEdl

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GaRkk´ manRbeyaCn¾sabsUnüCu Mv ijehIy . bTza KNØaZibnña

EkCa tNØay GeCÄatæta ERbza RJh μN¾TaMgenaH CaGñkEdlRtÚv

tNØaRKbsg,téhIy . bTza vtþsIlBTÆa ERbza CabĆMJkéday

sIl nigvtþ GZib|ayza RJh μN¾TaMgenaH CaGñkEdlvtþTaMgLay

mankarRbRBwtþdUcBEB nigRbRBwtþdUcsunxCaedIm nigsIlTaMgLay

enaHÉgcgTukehIy . bTza lUxM tbM ERbza tb;EdlesAh μg :n

dl´ tb;EdlmanesckþIeBjcitþkñ úgkareZIVtb; 5 yäg mankaredk

elIbnøaCaedIm .

«LÚvenH eTvtaenaH kalnwgeJldl´dl´sasna Caniyüa-

nikZm( eTIbeJlJküza n mankamsS CaedIm . JküenaH man

n&y:neJlTukehIynu@HÉg .

cb;Gdækfa skliksURtTI 8

3

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- 2 7 1 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á b z m b C ¢ ú n ñ F I t u s U R t T I 9

G dð k za

bfmbC¢únñZItusURtTI 9

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg bfmbC¢únZItusURtTI 9 teTA ?

[133] bTza bC¢únñsSZIta ERbza ZItarbsésþcbC¢únñeTv-

raC GZib|ayza ZItarbsésþccatum μharaCika EdlCaeTvraCrbs´

vsSvlahk eQ μaHza esþcbC¢únñeTvraC .

bTza GPivenÞ ERbza rEmgzVaybg<M GZib|ayza bBiRtRBH

manRBHPaK nagx\ú Mm©as´ sUmzVaybg<MRBHyuKl:Trbs´RBHGg< .

[134] bTza ck¡úmta ERbza Gñkmanck¡ú GZib|ayza eTBZIta

eJlza sunÞrvcn;za Zm(EdlRBHtzaKtGñkmanck¡ú edayck¡ú ‘ck¡ú

5 KW mMsck¡úç TiBVck¡ úç bJ¦ack¡ úç BuTÆck¡ ú nigsmnþck¡ ú’ 5 Rtas´dwg

ehIy x\ú Mm©as´ :n»ehIykñúgsmñak´énCnBYkdéTEtmüägbüeNÑaH .

bTza sahM Tani kat´bTCa sa GhM«Tani ERbza x\ú Mm©as´ dUecñaHÇÇÇ

kñ úgkal«LÚvenH . bTza sk¡i Canami ERbza rEmgdwgc|as´ KWza

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rEmgdwgc|asédayGMNacénkarcak´Zø úH . bTza vKrhnþa ERbza

tiHed[l KW :ndl´ tiHed[lyägenHza Zm(enHmanbTénGk¡r; nig

BüJ¢n;minRtwmRtÚv ßza Zm(enHminCaniyüanik; . bTza eraruv M ERb

za eraruvnrk GZib|ayza eraruvnrk man 2 KW ZUmeraruvnrk nig

Caleraruvnrk . kñúgnrk 2 enaH ZUmeraruvnrk mankñúgcMENkmYy

k*Jküza CaleraruvnrkenaH CaeQ μaHrbs´GvicImhanrk . eRJHza

kñúgeraruvnrkenaH kalePøIgeqHsenÆasenÆAehIy stVTaMgLay rEmg

ERskRTehayMer]y> eRJHdUecñaH nrkenaH elakeTIbehAza eraruv;

dUecñH . bTza eXarM ERbza kac :ndl´ eXaeXA .

bTza xnþiya óbsemn óebta ERbza GñkRbkbedayesckþI

Gt´Zn´ nigesckþIsáb´ GZib|ayza kaleBjcitþehIy kalGt´Zn´

ehIy eTIbeQ μaHza RbkbehIyedayxnþi nigesckþIsábćakkiels

manraK;CaedIm dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bzmbC¢únñFItusURtTI 9 3

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- 2 7 3 - G d æ k f a s t u l ø b , k a y i k v K Á T u t i y b C ¢ ú n ñ F I t u s U R t T I 1 0

G dð k za

TutiybC¢únñZItusURtTI 10

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg TutiybC¢únñZItusURtTI 10 teTA ?

[135] bTza Zm μ M c GZib|ayza ZItarbsésþcbC¢únñeTvraC

eQ μaH culekaknTa eJlza x\ ú Mm©as´mkkñúgTIenH zVaybgM<nUvRBH-

rtnRt&y KW nUvRBHsg¹pg edayJküza c s&BÞ KWza nUvRBHBuTÆ

RBHZm( RBHsg¹ . bTza GtævtI ERbza manRbeyaCn¾ . bTza

Bhunabi exa tM esckþIza :ndl´ eTBZItaeQ μaH culekaknTaenaH

:neJlZm(Na sUm|IZm(enaH x\ ú Mm©as´k*Kb|IEck:nedaybriyay

eRcIn . bTza taTiesa Zem μa ERbza Zm(enaH GZib|ayza eTBZIta

eQ μaH culekaknTa rEmgsEmþgza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK k*Zm(enH

mankartaMgenAyägenaH mancMENkeRb{bpÞwm:nlÁ CaZm(KYrdl´kar

EckedaybriyayTaMgLayeRcIn dUecñH .

bTza lbyisSami EkCa kzyisSami GZib|ayza eTBZIta

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culekaknTa eJlza Zm(Edlx\ú Mm©as´sikSaedaycitþ manRbmaN

bünNa KWza Zm(manRbmaNeRcInRtwmNa Edlx\ú Mm©asér[nedaycitþ

nwgmineJldl´RbeyaCn¾rbs´Zm(enaHrhUtdl´Gs´mYyézá KW nwgeJl

edayseg¡b RtwmEtmYyEPøtbueNÑaH dUcbuK<leb[teb[nsMbukX μúM dUecñaH .

Jküd*ess manesckþIgayTaMgGsénaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa TutiybC¢únñFItusURtTI 10 cb;stuløbkayikvKÁTI 4

3

rYmkñúgvK<TI 4 man 10 Gdækfa KW

-GdækfasBÖisURt -GdækfamcärisURt -GdækfasaFusURt -GdækfansnþisURt

-Gdækfa]CÄansBaØ isURt - GdækfasT§asURt

-GdækfasmysURt -GdækfaskliksURt

- GdækfabzmbC¢úFItusURt - GdækfaTutiybC¢únFItusURt

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- 2 7 5 - G d æ k f a G a T i t þ v K Á G a T i t þ s U R t T I 1

GaTitþvK<TI 5

G dð k za

GaTitþsURtTI 1

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg GaTitþsURtTI 1 teTA ?

[138] bTza Cray mreNn c enH CaRbZanéneTsna

GZib|ayza elak KW BYkstVRtÚvePøIgTaMgLay 11 kg ‘ePøIg 11 kg

KW raK;ç eTas;ç emah;ç Catiç Craç mrN;ç esak;ç brieTv;ç Tuk¡ç

eTamnsSç ó:yas’ manraK;CaedIm duteralehIyenaHÉg . bTza

Taenn :ndl´ ectnakñ úgkaroTan . bTza Tinñ M ehati sunIBÖtM

esckþIza ectnaEdlCabuNükñúgkaro rEmgmandl´Taykn@uHÉg dUc

vtæúEdlm©as´pÞHnaMecjehIy eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIbeJlza ecara

hrnþi GZib|ayza kalePaK;EdlxøÜnmin:no sUm|IecarTaMgLay

k*bøn´:n sUm|IRBHraCaTaMgLaynwgrwbGUs:n sUm|IePø Igk*eqH:n ß

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GnþrZaneTA sUm|Ikñ úgTIEdlxøÜnrkSaTukehIy . bTza Genþn ERbza

edaykarsøab´ . bTza srIrM sbriK<hM GZib|ayza ragkay nig

ePaK;minvinaseTAedayGMNacénGnþrayTaMgLay manecarCaedIm .

bTza sK<muebti GZib|ayza rEmgekItkñúgsYK( dUcsaZuCnTaMgLay

manRBHevsSnþr CamharaCCaedIm .

cb;Gdækfa GaTitþsURtTI 1

3

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- 2 7 7 - G d æ k f a G a T i t þ v K Á k i n Þ T s U R t T I 2

G dð k za

kinÞTsURtTI 2

Kb|IRCabvinicä &ykñúg kinÞTsURtTI 2 teTA ?

[140] bTza GnñeTa GZib|ayza buK<lsUm|ImankmøaMgeRcIn

Etmin:nbriePaKGahareRcInézá ‘BIr-bIézá’ k*minGacnwgeRkakeLIg

cMENkbuK<lEdlmankmøaMgexSay :nbriePaKGaharehIy k*rEmg

dl´RBmedaykmøaMg:n ehtuNa eRJHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaK

eTIbRtas´za buK<loGahar eQ μaHza okmøaMg dUecñH . bTza

vtæeTa GZib|ayza buK<lsUm|ImanrUblÁ EtmansMBtés μakeRKak

dUcsMBt´Rblak´ ßminmansMBt´ rEmgCabuK<lKYrex¬ Im RtÚvRbmaz

emIlgay minKYremIl . buK<lmansMBt´biT:MglÁehIy rEmglÁ

eRb{bdUceTvbuRt ehtuNa eRJHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaK eTIbRtas´

za buK<losMBt´ eQ μaHza ovNÑ; dUecñH . bTza yaneTa :n

dl´ yanTaMgLay manhtæiyan ‘yandMrI’ CaedIm k*buËnþza kñúgbNþa

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yanTaMgenaH yandMrI yanesH rEmgminsmKYrdl´smN; karo

eTAedayrzk*minsmKYrdUcKña yanEdlsmKYrdl´smN; k*KW Es|k

eCIgsRmab´smN;GñkrkSanUvsIlxnÆ eRJHdUecñaH buK<loEs|k

eCIg eQIRct´dl´mnusScas´ ERK taMg mYyeT[t buK<lNa rEmg

CRmHpøÚv rEmgeZVICeNþIr rEmgeZVIs¬an rEmgoTUk sUm|ITaMgGsénH

k*eQ μaHza oyandUcKña . bTza suxeTa ehati KW eQ μaHza o

esckþIsux k*eRJHnaMesckþIsuxkñúgyanmko . bTza ck¡úeTa ehati

GZib|ayza oRbTIb eKamePøIg eQ μaHza ock¡ú eRJHbuK<lTaMgLay

sUm|ImanEPñkk*minGacemIleXIjkñúgTIggwt:n GñkoRbTIb eKamePøIg

enaH rEmg:nsUm|Ikardl´RBménTiBVck¡ ú dUcRBHGnuruTÆetær . bTza

sBVeTa ehati GZib|ayza GñkovtæúRKbýäg dUcEdleJlehIy

n@uHÉg KW mankarokmøaMgCaedIm KWza kalPik¡ úRtac´biNÐ:teTABIr

bIRsúkmin:nGVI> mkehIykþI kalgUtTwkkñúgRsHe:k¡rNIEdlRtCak´

ehIycUleTAkan´TIsRmakGaRs&y edkkñúgERKmYyEPøt ehIyeRkak

eLIgmkGg<úykþI rEmg:nkmøaMg eRb{bdUcbuK<ldéTnaMmkdakókñúg

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- 2 7 9 - G d æ k f a G a T i t þ v K Á k i n Þ T s U R t T I 2

ragkay . k*buK<lRtacéTAkñúgxageRkA BN(sm|úrkayrEmgesAh μg

edayxül´ nigkMedAézá kalcUleTAkan´TIsRmakGaRs&y biTTVarehIy

edkRtwmEtmYyEPøt esckþIbnþénvisPaK;rEmgcUleTAsáb´rmáab´ esckþI

bnþénsPaK;rEmgQancuH rEmg:nBN(sm|úr eRb{bdUcbuK<lnaM

mkTuko . k*kalbuK<l RtacéTAxageRkA bnøarEmgmut dg<téQI

rEmgb¨HxÞb´ GnþrayTaMgLay manBsĆaedIm nigecarP&y rEmgekIt

eLIg kalcUleTAkan´TIsRmakGaRs&y biTTVaredkehIy GnþrayTaMg

GsénaHrEmgminman kalsVaZüayehIy bIti nigesckþIsuxkñúgZm(

rEmgekIteLIg kaleZVIkm μdðanTukkñ úgcitþehIy esckþIsuxsáb´rEmg

ekIteLIg kalbuK<lRtacéTAxageRkAejIsTaMgLay rEmghUrecj

EPñkTaMgBIrrEmgRsvMag kñ úgevlaEdlcUleTAkanésnasn; eRb{b

dUcCaZøakćuHeTAkñ úgreNþA ERK nigtaMg rEmgminR:kd k*kalbuK<l

edksRmakRtwmEtmYyEPøt PaBzøapUrpg´énEPñkk*nwgman:n eRb{b

dUcCabuK<lnaMmkTukRtg´Rbehagxül´TVar bgÁÜc nigERK taMg rEmg

R:kd edayehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za esa c sBVTeTa

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ehati eya TTati óbsSyM ERbza k*buK<lNa oTIsRmakGaRs&y

buK<lenaH eQ μaHza ovtæúRKbýäg dUecñH .

bTza GmtM TeTa c esa ehati GZib|ayza kalbuK<l

júaMgbiNÐ:toeBjedayePaCnd*RbNIt ehIyzVay eQ μaHza o

esckþIminsøab´ . bTza eya Zm μmnusasti GZib|ayza buK<l

NarEmgTUn μanZm( rEmgR:b´Gdðkza rEmgTUn μan:lI rEmgedaHRsay

bJØaEdlsYrehIy rEmgR:b´km μdðan rEmgeZVIsþab´Zm( sUm|ITaMgGs´

enH eQ μaHza rEmgTUn μanZm( . mYyeT[t karoZm(enHbüeNÑaH bNÐit

Kb|IRCabza RbesIrCagkaroTaMgGs´ RbkarenH smdUcRTg´Rtas´

Tukza ?

sBVTanM Zm μTanM Cinati sBVrtw Zm μrti Cinati

sBVrsM Zm μresa Cinati tNØk¡eya sBVTuk¡M Cinati

karoZm( rEmgQñHkaroTaMgBYg esckþI

eRtkGrkñúgZm( rEmgQñHesckþIeRtkGr

TaMgBYg rsénZm( rEmgQñHrsTaMgBYg

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អដ្ឋកថា ព្រះសុត្តន្តបិដក ភាគ២៩-1