Age of Jackson

Nationalism vs. Sectionalism

Chapter X

Nationalism

Pride in ones country, feeling of spirit The War of 1812 Manifest Destiny “American System” national roads, canal

systems, eventually railroads Andrew Jackson

Sectionalism

Different economies in different regions North was becoming increasingly dominated by

factories South was pure agriculture Slavery was still allowed in the south 1820-1840 time of economic depression Tariffs and states rights Fletcher vs. Peck (nullified a Georgia Law) Missouri Compromise 1820

Monroe Doctrine 1823

Year before controversial election of 1824

Then President James Monroe issued this important document

America would stay out of eastern hemisphere

European countries could no long colonies in the Western Hemisphere

Election of 1824

John Quincy Adams Despite losing both popular

and electoral vote Henry Clay broke tie in the

House Clay then became Sec. of

State Cause a split in Dem-

Republican Party

1828 Adams vs. Jackson II

Adams followers became National-Republicans (Whigs)

National government should take a leadership role

Gov’t should promote National unity

Favor of National Bank Tended to be middle

class, established Protestants

Jackson’s follower became Democrats

Government should remain inactive

Individual states should be responsible for improvements

Against National Bank Tended to be slave

holders, small farmers, non-protestant working class

“Old Hickory” Man of the People

Jackson wins by an overwhelming majority

Immediately fires officials that worked for Adams

Begins the “Spoil System” starts giving all of his supporters jobs

Began Rotation in Office, so one group can

not become too powerful

#12

King Andrew I

Jackson vetoed more bills than the previous 6 presidents combined

Major issue was tariffs North greatly profited from high

tariff because most good were made in the north

South called them “Tariff of Abomination.”

South Carolina wanted the ability to Nullify a Government law

Jackson threatened to use the Army

South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union

Presidential Power

Nullification Crisis

1932 new tariff lowered price of manufactured goods

Not low enough for the south

John C. Calhoun, SC, threatened to secede

Compromise was reached to lower tariffs over the next ten years

National Bank

Bank was up for re-charter in 1836 Jackson vetoed the charter Supporters of the bank sharply opposed

Jackson's policy Firmly established the political parties National-Republican began referring to

themselves as the Whigs, like parliament in England against the King

#14

Indian Removal Act

Indians controlled desirable land (fertile, gold)

Jackson forced the relocation of about 100,000 Native Americas

Supreme Court Justice John Marshall said this was unconstitutional

(Worcester v. Georgia) Jackson said, let him try to

enforce it “Trail of Tears”

#13