Chapter 15 Notes part 1Intro to Cold War The Cold War was a war of words and

military actions between the United States and the USSR that lasted from (4)1946 until 1990.

No major battles happened during the Cold War.

Indirect wars were fought like the Korean War and Vietnam War.

The Cold War was a race between the two world’s superpowers in everything from nuclear bombs, exploring space, fashion, music, and spying.

The Division of Berlin

The Bipolarization of Europe

George Kennan [“X Article”]:

(11)Long telegram (12)CONTAINMENT and Russian Fear

Goals Means Actual Application

Restorationof the balance of power

Reduction of Soviet ability to project outside power.

of self-confidence in nations threatened by Soviet expansion. Encouragement Exploitation of tensions in international communism with (14)taking oil from Iran

Long-term program of U.S. (5)economic assistance [Marshall Plan]

Cooperation with communist regimes; [supporting Titoism in Yugoslavia]

Modification of the Soviet concept of international relations.

Negotiating settlement of outstanding differences.

Using “carrots & sticks’; containing Germany with an embrace and Russia at arms length.

George Kennan [“X Article”]: CONTAINMENT

Goals Means Actual Application

National Defense Budget [1940-1964]

Iron Curtain (9)Winston Churchill first used the

term “Iron Curtain” in a speech while visiting the United States.

The Iron curtain was an imaginary (10)dividing line between Eastern Europe (Communist) and Western Europe (Democratic).

Potsdam Conference Following WWII, Berlin was divided into

four zones:(3) American French British Soviet Union

Truman and Stalin met in Potsdam Germany in July of 1945 to discuss the (1)outcome of Germany and the world following the war.

This meeting created tension between the two superpowers.

The (17)Marshall Plan The U.S. Secretary of State was

George C. Marshall. In 1947 he proposed to give money to

nations that were not communist. European countries received $13 billion

from this plan. The Soviet set up a rival plan known as

COMECON with its neighboring Communist nations.

This stands for Council for Mutual Economic Assistance.

The Berlin AirliftSlide 5 of 8

In June of 1948,(19) Soviet troops cut all road and rail traffic to West Berlin.

This created a crisis for the people living there because they needed supplies.

Not wanting West Berlin to fall to the Soviets, President Truman ordered supplies to be flown in from Britain.

For 11 months various supplies were flown to West Berlin.

NATO and Warsaw Pact NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty

Organization and (21)allowed west Germany to organize

It was created by 12 democratic countries as a mutual defense alliance.

When the Soviets found out about NATO, they created their own alliance with fellow communist countries called the Warsaw Pact.

Rise of Communism in ChinaSlide 7 of 8 The Nationalist government of China was headed

by Chiang Kai-shek. The Communist Party was headed by (22)Mao

Zedong. The Communist revolution finally took over in

1949. In 1949 the People’s Republic of China took

over. The Chinese Nationalist government fled to the

small island of Taiwan. After China was lost the US decided to (24)help rebuild Japan to have a trade partner in theEast

The Korean War After the communist took over in China, they

started for Korea. On June 25th 1950, (25)North Korean

troops (communist) attacked South Korea.

President Truman sent Douglass MacArthur with UN troops to stop them.

Eventually a cease fire was reached and Korea was divided along the (26)38th parallel. North Korea (Communist) and South Korea (Democratic).

In April of 1951, Truman fired MacArthur for insubordination. (29)McArthur wanted to go nuclear

Korean War

[1950-1953]

The Shifting Map of Korea[1950-1953]

Korean War[1950-1953]

Syngman Rhee

Kim Il-Sung

“Domino Theory”

US was involved in a smallLimited war- (28)to achieve a Small goal

Who cares and So what?

No More friends just enemies

USSR vs. USA

Capitalism vs. Communism

New Warfare

Who Are our friends today?

How much $$$ People don’t forget war!!

Ch 15 sec 1-2 tech time- be sure to put your name on your e-mail1- plan postwar world 16- Stabilize Greece and help Turkey fight

USSR

2- all people choose their GOV 17- Marshall Plan

3- GB, US, USSR, France 18- Federal Republic of Germany

4- Cold War 19- Cut all roads and railroads

5- Economic Growth 20- American will to stop communism

6- a new bomb “ A-bomb” 21- Allow west Germany to reorganize

7- Satellite Nations 22- Mao Zedong

8- Controlled by orbiting USSR 23- Successful test of 1st atomic weapon

9- Winston Churchill 24- Rebuild Japan

10- Eastern Europe & USSR 25- Communist Invasion of South Korea

11- Long Telegram 26- 38th Parallel

12- Russian fear of the US 27- UN was a threat

13- Control Communism 28- Achieve a small “limited” goal

14- Took Oil from Iran 29- MacArthur wanted a-bomb use Truman didn't

15- Control of Middle East