Beginning of the Cold WarBeginning of the Cold War

How did the US and the Soviet How did the US and the Soviet Union move from allies to enemies?Union move from allies to enemies? Uneasy allianceUneasy alliance

Different economic and political systemsDifferent economic and political systems Development of atomic bombDevelopment of atomic bomb

Stalin resents U.S. hid atomic bombStalin resents U.S. hid atomic bomb COLD WAR: conflict between nations carried COLD WAR: conflict between nations carried

on by political and economic means rather than on by political and economic means rather than direct conflictdirect conflict

Former Allies ClashFormer Allies Clash The Potsdam ConferenceThe Potsdam Conference

July 1945 conference with U.S., Great Britain, and July 1945 conference with U.S., Great Britain, and Soviet UnionSoviet Union

Stalin does not allow free, multiparty elections in Stalin does not allow free, multiparty elections in PolandPoland Bans democratic partiesBans democratic parties

Soviets want reparations from Germany; Truman Soviets want reparations from Germany; Truman objectsobjects

Agree to take reparations mainly from own occupation Agree to take reparations mainly from own occupation zoneszones

U.S. emerges from war as great economic powerU.S. emerges from war as great economic power Wants Eastern European raw materials, marketsWants Eastern European raw materials, markets

TENSIONS MOUNTTENSIONS MOUNT Soviet Union also has great economic and Soviet Union also has great economic and

military strengthmilitary strength Unlike U.S., Soviet Union suffered heavy Unlike U.S., Soviet Union suffered heavy

devastation on own soildevastation on own soil Installs communist rule in satellite nations Installs communist rule in satellite nations

(countries it dominates)(countries it dominates) 1946 Stalin announces that war between 1946 Stalin announces that war between

communism and capitalism inevitablecommunism and capitalism inevitable

DEMOCRACY VS. DEMOCRACY VS. COMMUNISMCOMMUNISM

A form of government in which the supreme authority rests with the people

A system of government in which there is no private property and there are no economic classes

Democracy vs. CommunismDemocracy vs. Communism

FreedomFreedom

IndividualIndividual

CapitalismCapitalism

SocialismSocialism

EqualityEquality

TotalitarianTotalitarian

CAPITALISM:

Economic system in which most businesses are privately owned

Freedom of competition

SOCIALISM: Government ownership of industry

Created as a reaction to capitalism

Classless society

Goal is to bring economic equality to the people

DEMOCRATIC

Government by the people

2 forms

1.Representative

2.direct

TOTALITARIAN

A form of government in which the person or party in charge has absolute control over all aspects of life

No freedom of press or speech

FREEDOM

The condition of being free

Most valued

Freedom of the press

Freedom of speech

Freedom to do business

EQUALITY

Condition of being equal

Most valued: basic needs met for all such as food, housing education and jobs

INDIVIDUAL

Stresses the need for people to do things on their own

Competition: the best get to the top

CONTAINMENTCONTAINMENT

U.S. establishes policy of containment U.S. establishes policy of containment (measures to prevent spread of (measures to prevent spread of communism)communism)

IRON CURTAINIRON CURTAIN

Coined by Winston ChurchillCoined by Winston Churchill March 1946March 1946 Described Soviet control over Eastern Described Soviet control over Eastern

European countriesEuropean countries Stalin used Churchill’s words to persuade Stalin used Churchill’s words to persuade

his people that the US and Great Britain his people that the US and Great Britain were enemies of the Soviet Unionwere enemies of the Soviet Union

WORLD RELATIONSWORLD RELATIONS

Conflict between US and Soviet Union Conflict between US and Soviet Union made many western Europeans nations made many western Europeans nations uneasyuneasy

NATO forms in April 1949NATO forms in April 1949 Warsaw Pact forms in 1955Warsaw Pact forms in 1955 WWII also raised concerns about the WWII also raised concerns about the

financial relationships between countriesfinancial relationships between countries